第1章 专题10主谓一致与倒装句
1.(2011·全国卷,13)Jane won't join us for dinner tonight and ________.
A.neither won't Tom B.Tom won't either
C.Tom will too D.so will Tom
答案:B。句意:简今晚不会和我们一起吃晚饭,汤姆也不会。and前面为否定句,因此排除C、D两项;A项应为neither will Tom。
2.(2011·新课标卷,28)Only when he reached the tea-house ________ it was the same place he'd been in last year.
A.he realized B.he did realize
C.realized he D.did he realize
答案:D。本题考查倒装句。句意:只有当他到达茶屋时,他才意识到这和他去年去的是同一个地方。“only+状语”置于句首时,句子用半倒装语序,故D项正确。
3.(2011·湖南卷,32)Only after they had discussed the matter for several hours ________ a decision.
A.they reached B.did they reach
C.they reach D.do they reach
答案:B。本题考查倒装句式。句意:他们只有在讨论这个问题几个小时后,才决定下来。“only+状语”放在句首,主句的谓语动词需用部分倒装形式,由句中的had discussed可知此处应用一般过去时态。
4.(2010·重庆卷)At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River ______,one of the ten largest cities in China.
A.lies Chongqing B.Chongqing lies
C.does lie Chongqing D.does Chongqing lie
答案:A。考查倒装。表示方位的介词短语at the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River位于句首,故此处应该用全部倒装。
5.(2010·江西卷)Not until he left his home ______ to know how important the family was for him.
A.did he begin B.had he begun
C.he began D.he had begun
答案:A。考查倒装句。句意:直到离开家,他才开始意识到这个家对他来说是何等的重要。not until引导的从句置于句首时,主句需用部分倒装。主从句的动作基本同时发生,故用一般过去时。
6.(2010·湖南卷)Listening to loud music at rock concerts ______ caused hearing loss in some teenagers.
A.is B.are
C.has D.have
答案:C。考查主谓一致。句意:在摇滚音乐会上听很吵的音乐已造成了一些青少年的听力丧失。动名词短语作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。故选C项。
7.(2010·四川卷)Such poets as Shakespeare______widely read,of whose works,however,some______difficult to understand.
A.are;are B.is;is [来源:21世纪教育网]
C.are;is D.is;are
答案:A。考查主谓一致。第一空格poets为主语,第二空格some(works)为主语,谓语动词都应该用复数。
8.(2010·四川卷)We laugh at jokes,but seldom______about how they work.
A.we think B.think we
C.we do think D.do we think
答案:D。考查倒装句。seldom置于句首时,句子要采用部分倒装。句意:我们听到笑话会开怀大笑,但我们很少思考它是怎样让人笑的。
9.(2010·陕西卷)John opened the door.There ______ he had never seen before.
A.a girl did stand B.a girl stood
C.did a girl stand D.stood a girl
答案:D。考查倒装。表示存在关系的句子,将表地点的副词或介词短语提至句首时,若主语为名词,应采用完全倒装语序。此题中将表地点的副词there提到了句首,而且主语为名词a girl,所以要采用完全倒装语序,所以选D项。
10. (2009·福建卷)For a moment nothing happened. Then ______ all shouting together.
A. voices had come B. came voices
C. voices would come D. did voices come
答案:B。考查倒装句。副词then位于句首,且当句子的主语是名词时,句子用全部倒装,选B。句子的意思是“此刻什么也没有发生。然后传来了一起大叫的声音”。
11. (2009·四川卷)Not until I came home last night ______ to bed.
A. Mum did go B. did Mum go
C. went Mum D. Mum went
答案:B。考查倒装句。not until从句置于句首时,主句倒装,故排除选项A和D;对于一般过去时的倒装要借助于助动词did,故B项正确。
12. (2009·全国卷)New technology was used in teaching. As a result, not only______, but students became more interested in the lessons.
A. saved was teachers' energyB. was teachers' energy saved
C. teachers' energy was savedD. was saved teachers' energy
答案:B。考查倒装句。not only ...but also ...前后连接两个句子时,not only后的句子要用部分倒装,但but also后的分句不用倒装,故B项正确。
13. (2009·陕西卷)Little ______ about her own safety ,though she was in great danger herself.
A. did Rose care B. Rose did care
C. Rose does care D. does Rose care
答案:A。考查倒装句。句意:尽管Rose自己处于极大的危险中,但是她几乎没有在意自己的安全。 little ,never, hardly, seldom , neither 等否定副词放在句首时,句子的主语和谓语要构成部分倒装;又由though she was in great danger herself可知,句子的时态为过去时。
14. (2009·山东卷)So sudden ______ that the enemy had no time to escape.
A. did the attack B. the attack did
C. was the attack D. the attack was
答案:C。本题考查倒装。so ...that..., such...that...的句子结构中,若so, such 和与其所修饰的词置于句首,实行部分倒装,又sudden是形容词,作表语,所以选C。
15. (2009·重庆卷)Unsatisfied ______ with the payment ,he took the job just to get some work experience.
A. though was he B. though he was
C. he was though D. was he though
答案:B。考查though引导的倒装句。强调表语,将它提前,不影响其他词序。正常表达为:Though he was unsatisfied with the payment ...。
16. (2009·四川卷)The teacher together with the students ______ discussing Reading Skills that______ newly published in America.
A. are; were B. is; were
C. are; was D. is; was
答案:D。考查主谓一致。当(together)with连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词与前面主语相一致,故根据第一空排除选项A和C;第二空考查定语从句中的主谓一致,先行词Reading Skills是一本书,故看作单数,所以D项正确。
17. (2009·陕西卷)Dr. Smith, together with his wife and daughters, ______ visit Beijing this summer.
A. is going to B. are going to
C. was going to D. were going to
答案:A。考查主谓一致。together with, along with, as well as以及with等词前后连接两个名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词的形式由together with, along with, as well as以及with前的名词的单复数来决定。本句中together with前的主语Dr. Smith是单数形式; 由 this summer可知,今年夏天还没到来,故选A。
18. (2009·湖南卷)Either you or one of your students ______ to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.
A. are B. is
C. have D. be
答案:B。考查主谓一致当中的“就近一致原则”。one of ...表示其中之一,是单数主语,所以谓语动词必须使用单数形式。
19.(2011·海淀第二学期期末,35)Caroline has never broken her promise, and ________.
A.so I have B.so have I
C.nor I have D.nor have I
答案:D。句意:Caroline迄今为止从来没有违背过自己的诺言,我也是。考查倒装。表示与上文的否定情况一样,需用nor/neither引起部分倒装,故选D。
20.(2011·海淀期中,29)—Hey! Here is a message on my cell phone, telling me to send money to...
—Delete it! It's a trick. Many a person ________ by such tricks.
A.has been cheated B.have been cheated
C.were cheated D.was cheated[来源:21世纪教育网]
答案:A。句意:——嗨!我手机上有一条短信,告诉我把钱汇到……——删掉它!它是个骗局,许多人都被这样的花招给骗了。考查时态和主谓一致。语境表明是对“现在造成的结果”,cheat和主语many a person之间为被动关系且按照主谓一致的原则谓语动词用单数,故选A。21世纪教育网
21.(2011·天津十二区县联考一,8)She is a strong-willed woman and not once ________ in to any difficulty in her life.
A.she has given B.did she give
C.she gave D.has she given
答案:D。句意:她是一位意志坚定的女士,在她的一生中从来没有一次向任何困难屈服过。考查倒装和时态。含有否定意义的短语not once位于句首时,要引起部分倒装。又由两个并列句中第一个句子用的一般现在时和第二个句子中的时间状语in her life可知,她人现在还在世,故“一生中从过去一直到现在从没有向困难屈服过”需用现在完成时,故选D。
22.(2011·重庆二诊,31)John realized his mistakes and promised that at no time ________ again.
A.he would do it B.had he done it
C.would he do it D.he had done it
答案:C。句意:John意识到了他的错误并许诺以后绝不做这样的事情。考查倒装。含有否定意义的短语位于句首要引起部分倒装,且本句时态是过去时,设空处应为过去将来时,故选C。
23.(2011·东北三校二模,29)Not until the taxi disappeared in the distance ________ her handbag was gone.
A.Tina had found B.had Tina found
C.did Tina find D.Tina found
答案:C。句意:直到出租车消失在远处,Tina才发现她的手提包不见了。考查倒装句。not until...放在句首,句子要部分倒装,故选C。
24.(2011·江南十校联考,24)I was surfing the Internet ________ that the Chinese weightlifter Li Ping broke the world record.
A.when suddenly came the good news
B.while the good news came suddenly
C.when suddenly did the good news come
D.while suddenly came the good news
答案:A。句意:我正在网上浏览,就在这时突然传来中国举重选手李平破世界纪录的消息。考查并列连词when和完全倒装。此处为句型:be doing...when...正在做某事就在这时(突然)……;此处的倒装是因修饰需要,为平衡句子结构而把that引导的同位语从句尽可能地靠近其先行词。
25.(2011·杭州质检二,17)It is said that by no means ________ to get into this laboratory without Mr. Jackson's permission.
A.can the students be allowedB.the students can be allowed
C.can be the students allowedD.can be allowed the students
答案:A。句意:据说没有Jackson先生的允许,学生决不会被允许进入这个实验室。考查否定意义的短语位于句首时引起的句子主句部分倒装。在宾语从句中,表示否定意义的by no means(决不,一点也不)位于句首时,后面的主句需要部分倒装,故选A。
26.(2011·湖南十二校第二次联考,32)Some of the rubbish, such as food, paper and iron, ________ away over a long period of time.
A.rot B.rots
C.is rotting D.are rotted
答案:B。句意:一些垃圾,如食物、纸和铁需要很长时间才能腐烂。考查时态和主谓一致。从句意看,此处是叙述一些垃圾的特点,故应用一般现在时;又因为句子主语是some of the rubbish,故谓语应该用单数形式。
27.(2011·湖南十二校第二次联考,23)—Has Jack ever broken his promise?
—No. For example, he said he would show me around his school and ________.
A.so he would B.so he did
C.he would so D.so did he
答案:B。句意:——Jack是否曾经食言?——没有。例如,他说他要带我到他学校转转,他确实做到了。考查固定句式。“so+主语+be动词/助动词/情态动词”表示对上文内容的确定。又如:—It is sunny today.—So it is.——今天天气晴朗。——确实是那样。从句意来看,此处应该是一种过去的事实,故排除A。易错选D。“so+do+主语”的含义是“……也是如此”。如:—He likes playing basketball.—So do I. ——他喜欢打篮球。——我也喜欢。
28.(2011·湖南十二校第二次联考,28)Upon his arrival in Changsha, he found waiting at the airport ________ his wife as well as some officials.
A.had been B.were
C.is D.was
答案:D。句意:一到长沙,他就发现他的妻子和一些官员正在机场等候。考查倒装句。his wife是宾语从句的主语,由found可知应该用过去进行时,故答案为D。易错选B。当as well as连接两个成分作主语时,其后谓语的单复数形式通常要与前面一个主语保持一致。故谓语的单复数应该由his wife而定。
29.(2011·福建名校样本分析考试 ,31)Not until the train pulled into the next station ________ her suitcase gone.
A.Mary had found B.had Mary found
C.did Mary find D.Mary found
答案:C。句意:直到火车驶进下一站,Mary才发现她的手提箱不见了。考查倒装句。not until...放在句首时主句需要半倒装,故选C。
30.(2011·西安八校联考,18)She is the only girl who ______ to the North Pole in this city so that she is treated as a hero here.
A.have been B.was
C.has been D.had been
答案:C。句意:她是这个城市里唯一曾去过北极的女孩,因此她被看作是这里的英雄。考查时态与主谓一致。表示曾经去过某地用have been to结构,have been to表示过去发生的事和现在的联系,又因为关系代词who替代的the only girl为第三人称单数,故选C。
31.(2011·成都三诊,6)We each ________ strong points and each of us, on the other hand, ________ weak points.
A.have; has B.have; have
C.has; have D.has; has
答案:A。句意:我们每个人都有长处,另一方面,我们中的每一个人也都有弱点。考查主谓一致。第一空each作we的同位语,作同位语的each不影响主语中心词的人称和数,故主语中心词是we,谓语动词为一般现在时,故需用have;第二空的主语是each,作定语的介词短语不影响中心词的人称和数,故动词需用has。答案为A。
32.(2011·昆明质检,13)Only after I lived abroad for a long time ________ different cultures so strongly.
A.I experience B.I experienced
C.did I experience D.had I experienced
答案:C。句意:只有在国外居住了很长时间后我才如此强烈地感受到文化之间的差异。考查倒装和时态。“only+时间状语从句”位于句首时,主句需部分倒装。从句中时间状语after I lived abroad for a long time可知,叙述的是过去的事,需用一般过去时。故选C。
33.(2011·昆明一模,18)Many a student ________ wearing MP3 player while walking on the street. It's quite dangerous.
A.is used to B.are used to
C.was used to D.were used to
答案:A。考查主谓一致和时态。“many a+可数名词单数”作主语,谓语使用单数,且此处表示现在的情况,be used to doing习惯于干某事,故选A。
34.(2011·石家庄一模,19)Peter as well as the other children who ________ no parents ________ good care of in the village.[来源:21世纪教育网]
A.have; is being takenB.has; have been taken
C.have; has takenD.has; is taken
答案:A。考查主谓一致和语态。第一空定语从句中的谓语应该与先行词the other children保持一致,故此处谓语使用复数;另外,此处应使用被动语态,故选A。
35.(2011·成都一模,28)Lin Yong, together with two of his classmates ________ the park administration about their plan ________ they want to build a ramp in the park.
A.tell; that B.tells; that
C.tells; what D.tell; which
答案:B。考查主谓一致和同位语从句。第一空主语为Lin Yong;第二空为that引导同位语从句。
36.(2011·铜仁一模,31)It is the only one of the books ________ with the tape in this bookshop.
A.that go B.that goes
C.which goes D.which go
答案:B。考查主谓一致和定语从句。定语从句中的谓语应该与先行词保持一致,故此处谓语使用单数;先行词被the only修饰,引导词一般使用that,故选B。[21世纪教育网
37.(2011·聊城二模,32)________, a man of great achievements, deep thoughts, but with a simple lifestyle.
A.Such was EinsteinB.Einstein was so
C.Einstein was suchD.So was Einstein
答案:A。考查部分倒装。句意:这就是爱因斯坦,一个取得巨大成就,有深刻思想,但过着简朴生活的人。such作表语,前置时,需要部分倒装。so需要和形容词、副词一起前置,构成部分倒装。
38.(2011·潍坊一模,28)—Did Linda see the traffic accident?
—No, no sooner ________ than it happened.21世纪教育网
A.had she gone B.she had gone21世纪教育网
C.has she gone D.she has gone
答案:A。考查倒装语序。no sooner... than...意为“一……就……”,no sooner置于句首时,主句使用倒装语序,故排除B和D项;另外,此处句型中主句一般使用过去完成时,从句使用一般过去时,故A项正确。
39.(2011·成都一模,32)Off ________ without so much as a “good-bye”.
A.does Karen go B.did Karen go
C.goes Karen D.went Karen
答案:D。考查完全倒装。以副词off开头,而且句子的主语是名词,所以用完全倒装。
40. (2011·厦门适应性考试,27)—How do you find the report?
—Well, much of what the lecturer said ________ reasonable.
A. sound B. sounds
C. is sounded D. are sounded
答案:B。考查主谓一致和语态。sound是系动词,没有被动语态,排除C、D两项;主语是much,所以应该是单数。
41. (2011·厦门适应性考试,35)So popular ________ that the young generation are dying for one.
A. has iPhone 4 becomeB. iPhone 4 has become
C. had iPhone 4 become D. iPhone 4 had become21世纪教育网
答案:A。考查倒装。句意:iPhone 4手机变得如此受欢迎以至于年轻人都极力想拥有一部。so...that...结构中so引导的分句放在句首时应该用部分倒装;再由时态一致原则可知选现在完成时与that引导的分句的一般现在时对应。
42.(2011·宜宾适应性测试,11)Hearing the dog barking fiercely, away ________.
A.the thief fled B.was the thief fleeing
C.the thief was fleeing D.fled the thief
答案:D。考查倒装。表示地点的副词放在句首时,句子的主语是名词,此时句子用全部倒装结构。
43. (2011·南通三模,29)Nothing but some ancient Chinese coins ________ in the sunken ship since they began the exploration.
A. were found B. has been found
C. had been found D. have been found
答案:B。考查主谓一致和时态。由时间状语“since they began the exploration”可知,应该用现在完成时;再由主语是nothing可知应该选择B项。
44.(2011·南通三模,31)________ the moment they heard the starting signal given by the teacher. 21世纪教育网
A. Ran the children down the hillB. Down the hill did the children run
C. Down the hill the children ranD. Down the hill ran the children
答案:D。考查倒装。down the hill表示地点的介词短语放在句首,而且句子的主语是名词,此时应该用全部倒装结构。
45.(2011·淮安第四次调考,25)The president was so absorbed in his work that not a sound ________.
A. did she dare to make B. dared she to make
C. she dared makeD. she did dare to make
答案:A。考查倒装。not a sound放在句首,句子用部分倒装。因此A项正确。
46.(2011·辽宁网上诊断联考,35)On no condition ________ enter this lab without permission.
A. anyone must B. must anyone
C. anyone should D. should anyone
答案:D。本题结合了情态动词和倒装两个考点。on no condition这种否定词置于句首时,应该使用部分倒装。从情态动词的意义来看,should更好。
47. (2011·莆田适应性练习,32)As one of the most popular artists in the US, not only________ with her hit songs, but has inspired women with her devotion to charity.
A. has Beyonce influenced pop cultureB. influenced pop culture has Beyonce
C. Beyonce has influenced pop cultureD. influenced pop culture Beyonce has
答案:A。考查倒装。not only…but also…结构中,not only所接分句应该用部分倒装,四个选项中只有A项用了部分倒装。
48.(2011·西安第三次质检,13)Not only________ late, he also forgot his book.
A. had he turned up B. he had turned up
C. he turned up D. did he turn up
答案:D。考查倒装。not only...but also...结构中,not only所接分句应该用部分倒装,答案锁定为A、D项;再由also所接分句时态可知,应该选D项。
49.(2011·德阳三诊,10)Generally parents don't expect children to be rude, ________ to be disobeyed.
A.nor they expectB.neither expect they
C.nor do they expectD.neither don't they expect
答案:C。考查倒装。句意:一般来说,父母不希望孩子粗鲁,也不希望孩子不听话。“neither/nor+部分倒装句”表示“……也不……”,所以排除A、B选项;D项错在又用了否定词don't。
50.(2011·德阳三诊,12)Between the two books ________ the photo album you are looking for.[来源:21世纪教育网]
A.are B.is
C.has D.have
答案:B。考查主谓一致和倒装。句意:你要找的影集在那两本书中间。由句意可知,该句是全部倒装结构,主语是the photo album,所以用单数;再由句意可知,不选has。
第1章 专题11名词性从句
1.(2011·重庆卷,30)To show our respect, we usually have to take our gloves off ________ we are to shake hands with.
A.whichever B.whenever
C.whoever D.wherever
答案:C。本题考查连词的用法。句意:为了表示我们的敬意,不管我们同谁握手,我们通常要摘下手套。根据句子结构可知,本题为让步状语从句。whichever“不管哪个”;whenever“不管什么时候”;whoever“不管谁”;wherever“不管哪里”。根据句意D项正确。
2. (2011·重庆,34)It is not always easy for the public to see ________ use a new invention can be of to human life.
A. whose B. what
C. which D. that
答案:B。本题考查连接词的用法。句意:对公众来说,并不总是很容易就知道一项新发明对人类生活有什么用处。根据结构可知,本题考查宾语从句,what“什么”表示泛指;which“哪一个”,表示特指,根据句意B项正确。
3.(2011·四川卷,10)Our teachers always tell us to believe in ________ we do and who we are if we want to succeed.
A.why B.how
C.what D.which
答案:C。本题考查名词性从句。句意:老师总是告诉我们,如果想要成功,要相信自己所做的事情,也要相信自己。what引导名词性从句,同something that,在从句中作宾语。
4.(2011·山东卷,33)We've offered her the job, but I don't know________ she'll accept it.
A. where B. what
C. whether D. which
答案:C。本题考查连接词的用法。句意:我们提供她工作,但我不知道她是否会接受。根据句子结构,本题为宾语从句,且从句中不缺少句子成份,故应用连接词whether。而where在从句中作地点状语;what,which在从句中作宾语,故C项正确。
5.(2011·江苏卷,26)It was never clear________the man hadn't reported the accident sooner.
A.that B.how
C.when D.why
答案:D。本题考查名词性从句。句意:那个人为什么没有早报告这起交通事故还不清楚。分析结构可知,it作形式主语,真正的主语为后面从句。又由句意可知此处主语从句用why引导,D项正确。
6.(2011·天津卷,13)Modern science has given clear evidence______smoking can lead to many diseases.
A.what B.which
C.that D.where
答案:C。本题考查同位语从句的引导词。从句结构完整,并且对evidence的内容起到了补充说明的作用,故应用that引导该从句。句意:现代科学提供了明确的证据表明吸烟能导致很多疾病。
7.(2011·辽宁卷,31)Bring the flowers into a warm room______they'll soon open.
A.or B.and
C.but D.for
答案:B 本题考查连词的用法。句意:如果把花拿到温室里去,它们很快就开了。本题为“祈使句+and+简单句”结构,祈使句相当于if引导的条件状语从句。
8.(2011·北京卷,22)________ Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.
A. Which B. What
C. That D. Whom
答案:B。本题考查主语从句引导词的选择。句意:芭芭拉琼斯提供给她的粉丝们的是诚实和快乐。which引导主语从句时有选择的意思,意为“哪一个”;what引导主语从句,在从句中作offer的宾语,意为“……的人或事”;that引导主语从句时that不作成分;whom引导主语从句时在从句中作宾语,指人。本题中主语从句中缺少offer的宾语,表示“……的东西”,故用what引导。
9. (2011·北京卷,31)The shocking news made me realize ________ terrible problems we would face.
A. what B. how
C. that D. why
答案:A。本题考查宾语从句引导词的选择。句意:这条令人震惊的消息使我意识到我们将面临多么可怕的问题。根据句意,空白处表示“多么”,有感叹的意味,故排除C、D两项;what引导感叹句时,中心词是名词;how引导感叹句时,中心词是形容词或副词;本题中心词是problems,故用what。
10.(2011·湖南卷,31)Before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious ________ the problem itself is.
A.what B.that
C.which D.why
答案:A 本题考查名词性从句的引导词。句意:在一个问题被解决之前,必须弄清问题本身所在。It must be obvious ________ the problem itself is.这一句中,it作了形式主语,________ the problem itself is是真正的主语从句,从句中缺少表语,故用what引导。
11.(2011·陕西卷,15)I'd like to start my own business—that's________I'd do if I had the money.
A.why B.when
C.which D.what
答案:D。考查名词性从句引导词。句意:我想创办自己的生意——那就是如果我有钱的话我想做的事。分析句子结果可知,空白处需要连接代词引导表语从句,首先排除A、B两项连接副词;另外,which“哪一个,哪一些”不合题意,what“……的事”符合题目要求,在句中作do的宾语。
12.(2011·江西卷,26)The villagers have already known ________ we'll do is to rebuild the bridge.
A.this B.that
C.what D.which
答案:C。本题考查名词性从句。句意:村民们已经知道我们将要做的事情是重建桥梁。known后面跟宾语从句,从句中缺少do的宾语,表示“……的事”,故用what引导宾语从句;this不引导从句;that引导宾语从句时不作成分;which引导宾语从句时有选择的意思,意为“哪一个”。
13.(2010·全国卷Ⅰ)We haven't discussed yet ______ we are going to place our new furniture.
A.that B.which
C.what D.where21世纪教育网
答案:D。考查名词性从句。题干中We haven’t discussed yet后为宾语从句,从句中缺少地点状语,因此空白处应填where,故答案为D。
14. (2010·全国卷Ⅱ)—Have you finished the book?
—No.I've read up to ______ the children discover the secret cave.
A.which B.what
C.that D.where
答案:D。考查名词性从句。答语的意思是“我已经读到了孩子们发现了那个秘密洞穴的地方”。up to是介词短语;宾语用where引导从句。
15.(2010·重庆卷)To improve the quality of our products,we asked for suggestions ______ had used the products.
A.whoever B.who
C.whichever D.which
答案:A。考查连接词。whoever引导宾语从句,作ask的宾语,并在从句中作主语,相当于anyone who。
16.(2010·湖南卷)Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears.No one in the office knew ______ she was so angry.
A.where B.whether
C.that D.why
答案:D。考查名词性从句。根据句意应选why,引导宾语从句。句意:Cindy重重地关上了门,突然哭了起来。办公室的人都不知道她为什么如此生气。
17.(2010·天津卷)As a new graduate,he doesn't know ______ it takes to start a business here.
A.how B.what
C.when D.which
答案:B。考查名词性从句的连接词。宾语从句暗含it takes...to do sth.句型,因此应用what引导宾语从句并充当从句中的宾语。
18.(2010·北京卷)I want to be liked and loved for ______ I am inside.
A.who B.where
C.what D.how
答案:C。考查名词性从句。what引导名词性从句,作介词for的宾语。另外,what在从句中作表语。
19.(2010·北京卷)Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel,David Copperfield,was ______ it was rather closely modeled on his own life.
A.what B.that
C.why D.whether
答案:B。考查名词性从句。that引导的名词性从句在句中作表语,且that不充当句子的任何成分。其他几项不合题意。
20.(2010·北京卷)______ some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others.
A.Whether B.What
C.That D.How
答案:B。考查名词性从句。句意:一些人认为是缺点的地方在其他人看来是一种优势。what 引导的名词性从句作句子的主语,且what在从句中作regard的宾语。其他几项不合题意。
21.(2010·山东卷)Before the sales start,I make a list of ______ my kids will need for the coming season.
A.why B.what
C.how D.which
答案:B。考查名词性从句的引导词。引导一个名词性从句,并在从句中作need的宾语,只能用what。句意:在特价促销开始之前,我把接下来的这个季节里孩子们所需要的东西列了个清单。
22. (2010·福建卷)We should respect food and think about the people who don't have ______ we have here and treat food nicely.
A.that B.which
C.what D.whether
答案:C。考查名词性从句。句意:我们应该尊重食物,想想那些得不到我们所拥有的这些的人,好好对待食物。此处考查宾语从句的引导词,从句中缺少宾语,故选what作动词have的宾语。
23.(2010·四川卷)How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on______he goes with,whether his friends or relatives.
A.what B.who
C.how D.why
答案:B。考查名词性从句。在此who引导宾语从句,并在从句中作with的宾语。句意:一个人享受旅游的程度很大部分取决于他与谁一起旅游,是他的朋友还是他的亲戚。
24.(2010·陕西卷)It never occurred to me ______ you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.
A.which B.what
C.that D.if
答案:C。考查名词性从句。句意:我从来没有想到你能成功地说服他改变主意。It occurs to sb. that ...的意思为“某人突然想到……”,其中that引导主语从句,it为形式主语,指代that从句的具体内容。
25.(2010·江苏卷)—I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.
—That's______I don’t agree.You should have a more active life.
A.where B.how
C.when D.what
答案:A。考查名词性从句。说话人在星期天喜欢整天把自己关在家中听音乐,答话人对这一点不赞同。答语中“where I don’t agree”是表语从句,表示的是抽象概念。假如选择D项,agree后需要加上介词。
26.(2010·浙江卷)It is uncertain______side effect the medicine will bring about,although about two thousand patients have taken it.
A.that B.what 21世纪教育网
C.how D.whether
答案:B。考查名词性从句。此处是由what引导的主语从句,指代it的具体内容,it是形式主语,所以这里选B项。
27. (2009·四川卷)News came from the school office ______ Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University.
A. which B. what
C. that D. where
答案:C。考查同位语从句。分析句子结构可知,Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University说明了news的具体内容,故用that引导。
28. (2009·江苏卷)Many young people in the West are expected to leave ______ could be life's most important decision—marriage—almost entirely up to luck.
A. as B. that
C. which D. what
答案:D。分析句子成分知leave缺少宾语,同时could be life' s most important decision缺少主语,只有what能充当双重成分,故D项正确。
29. (2009·全国卷)Could I speak to______ is in charge of International Sales please?
A. who B. what
C. whoever D. whatever
答案:C。名词性从句的考查。分析句子成分可知,空白处所选内容既作to的宾语,同时作句子 ...is in charge of International Sales的主语,因此排除A项;再根据句意知C项正确,它相当于anyone who。[来源:21世纪教育网]
30. (2009·湖南卷)She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to do ______ it takes to save her life.
A. whichever B. however
C. whatever D. whoever
答案:C。考查对“ever”类词语的辨析。根据题干,所缺内容由两部分组成,第一部分充当do的宾语,而第二部分作takes的宾语,其后跟的是目的状语。据此判断,只有whatever符合要求。
31. (2009·江西卷)The fact has worried many scientists ______ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.
A. what B. which
C. that D. though
答案:C。本题考查间隔式同位语从句的用法。即先行词the fact 和that引导的同位语从句中间隔了谓语部分。
32. (2009·陕西卷)The how?to book can be of help to ______ wants to do the job.
A. who B. whomever
C. no matter who D. whoever
答案:D。考查名词性从句。句意:这本“如何做”的书可以帮助想做这个工作的任何人。who指想做这个工作的那个人;whoever指任何人;whomever不能在从句中作主语;no matter who不能引导名词性从句,故选D。
33. (2009·浙江卷)—Is there any possibility ______ you could pick me up at the airport ?
—No problem.
A. when B. that
C. whether D. what
答案:B。同位语从句的用法考查。“把我捎到机场”是对possibility的具体说明,that在句中不作成分。
34. (2009·重庆卷)We should consider the students' request ______ the school library provide more books on popular science.
A. that B. when
C. which D. where
答案:A。考查对于同位语从句的掌握。另外,遇到request一类表示请求的词时,其名词性从句均采用虚拟语气,且使用(should)do的形式。
35. (2009·北京卷)At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see ______ it got any better.
A. when B. how
C. why D. if
答案:D。本题句意为“最初他痛恨这个新工作,但他还是决定先干几个月看看是否情况会有所好转”。符合句意的只有D选项,if 有“是否”的意思。
36. (2009·天津卷)It is obvious to the students ______ they should get well prepared for their future.
A. as B. which
C. whether D. that
答案:D。考查主语从句。句意为“很明显,学生们应该为未来充分准备”。it是形式主语,that引导的从句是真正的主语。
37.(2011·海淀第二学期期末,28)It remains unknown ________ the peace talk between the two countries is going to lead.
A.where B.when
C.how D.why
答案:A。句意:两国之间的和谈走向依然是个未知数。考查主语从句的引导词。句中的it为形式主语,真正的主语是空处及其后的句子。从句主语、谓语完整,由从句中谓语部分的lead(导致,通向),为不及物动词可推断出其后缺地点状语,故用where引导名词性从句,选A。
38.(2011·海淀期中,34)Everybody likes to work with ________ is reliable and easy to get on with.
A.whom B.who
C.whomever D.whoever
答案:D。句意:每个人都喜欢和可靠且容易相处的人在一起工作。考查宾语从句。宾语从句中缺主语且意为“无论是谁”,故选whoever。易错选B、C。没有意识到语境中的“无论是谁”的含义而误选who;只注意到了所选宾语从句的引导词作介词with的宾语需用宾格形式,没有注意到此处为“兼语”,即既作前面介词with的宾语,同时又作后面宾语从句的主语,此时需用主格形式而误选C。
39.(2011·东城练习二,32)________ we go there by train or by ship makes no difference. The time and the fees are the same.
A.Which B.How
C.Whether D.Why
答案:C。句意:我们是坐火车还是乘船去那儿没什么不同,所用时间和费用是一样的。考查连词。whether...or...“不管……还是……”。
40.(2011·东城练习二,28)One advantage of owing your own car is ________ you can go anywhere at any time you like.
A.when B.why
C.what D.that
答案:D。句意:拥有私家车的一大优势是,你可以在任何时间去你想去的任何地方。考查连接词。单纯连接词that在从句中引导表语从句。易错选C。误认为is后缺表语,但what在从句中作成分,而从句成分完整只缺引导词,所以C不对。
41.(2011·西城二模,26)________ left the door unlocked must be held responsible for the accident.
A.Whomever B.Whoever
C.Whatever D.Whenever
答案:B。句意:无论谁没有锁门都必须承担这次事故的责任。考查主语从句的引导词。主语是人,又含有“无论是谁”的意思,故选用whoever。易错选A。没有意识到whomever为宾格形式,而空处在主语从句中作主语需用主格而误选。
42.(2011·西城二模,28)What I like about Harvard is ________ there's the old classical look—there are parks and traditional buildings.
A.why B.where
C.that D.how
答案:C。句意:关于哈佛大学我所喜欢的是它的古典的风格——公园及传统的建筑。考查表语从句的引导词。从句中成分完整,故用单纯连接词that引导。
43.(2011·重庆二诊,24)It is a teacher's responsibility always to hope, ________ with learning, a boy's character might be changed.
A.when B.what
C.that D.which
答案:C。句意:老师的职责总是希望一个孩子通过学习可以改变性格。考查名词性从句的引导词。it为形式主语,真正的主语是不定式to hope...,that的引导从句作hope的宾语。
44.(2011·东北三省四市联考,25)—________ you write so well?
—By reading and keeping diaries every day.
A.How is it that B.Is it how that
C.How it is that D.What is it that
答案:A。句意:——你怎么写得这么好?——通过每天阅读和记日记。考查特殊句式。问句是强调句的特殊疑问句形式,答句补充完整为:It is by reading and keeping diaries every day that I write so well.另外,对方式进行提问用how。
45.(2011·东北三省四市联考,27)It seemed to me that she was in doubt ________ Timmy lived or died.
A.why B.how
C.that D.whether
答案:D。句意:就我看来她似乎怀疑Timmy是死了还是活着。考查名词性从句的连接词。根据句意及空格后面的or可知,此处为whether...or...“是……还是……”结构。 whether引导同位语从句,解释名词doubt的具体内容。
46.(2011·东北三校二模,27)The Super Girl Wang Bei's death highlights the fact ________ cosmetic surgery has become one of China's biggest beauty secrets.
A.that B.where
C.what D.which
答案:A。句意:超级女声王贝的死亡强烈显示出整容手术已成为中国最大的美容秘诀之一。考查同位语从句。由句意“整容手术已成为中国最大的美容秘诀之一”可知是对名词fact内容的解释,因为不缺成分,故用that引导。
47.(2011·沈阳二模,8)It gives his life a flying start ________ he has gone abroad for further education.
A.what B.when
C.that D.how
答案:C。句意:他出国进修给了他人生一个新的腾飞的起点。考查连接代词或连接副词的用法。本句中的it为形式主语,空后的句子为真正的主语,主语从句中成分意义完整,故用that引导。
48.(2011·石家庄二模,11)Good food, good sleep, no exercise. That's ________ he gained weight.
A.how B.when
C.what D.whether
答案:A。句意:美食、酣睡和不运动是他增重的途径。考查表语从句引导词。空后句子为表语从句,引导语境强调的是方式,故用how引导。
49.(2011·太原基础知识测试,27)As a matter of fact, ________ matters most in learning English is enough practice.
A.where B.why
C.which D.what
答案:D。句意:事实上,在学习英语方面最重要的是充分的练习。考查名词性从句的引导词。主语从句中缺主语,且意为“……的”,故选D。
50.(2011·河南示范高中适应性测试,34)Being angry is OK, but knowing how to tell someone ________ made you angry is important.
A.that B.which
C.why D.what
答案:D。句意:发怒是可以的,但知道怎样告诉别人什么使你生气是重要的。考查名词性从句的引导词。tell要求跟双宾语(tell sb. sth.),本句中的直接宾语是句子,句中缺主语且为泛指,故选what。
51.(2011·济南一模,30)Tom eagerly findished up ________ was left of the chicken pie.
A.what B.that
C.which D.where
答案:A。句意:Tom很想把剩余的鸡肉馅饼吃完。考查名词性从句的引导词。宾语从句中缺主语,故用what引导。that引导名词性从句时不能作句子成分也没有词义;which“哪一个,哪些”不符合语义。finish up sth.“吃完、喝完或用完某物”。如:We might as well finish (up) the cake; there isn't much left.咱们索性把蛋糕吃完吧,也没剩多少了。
52.(2011·皖南八校第三次联考,26)Your future is in your hands. Your life is ________ you make of it.
A.how B.which
C.that D.what
答案:D。句意:你的未来就在你的手中,生活由你缔造。考查名词性从句。what引导表语从句,并在从句中作宾语。
53.(2011·苏锡常镇一调,29)Golf is rapidly becoming more popular. Near some towns and cities new courses are being built in ________.
A.what is farmland B.what farmland is
C.what farmland was D.what was farmland
答案:D。句意:打高尔夫球日益流行开来,在一些城镇和城市的附近的原来是农田的地方正在建一些新的场地。考查名词性从句。由题干可知,正在建造新的场地,所以应选what was farmland“原来是农场的地方”,作介词in的宾语。
54.(2011·南京二模,32)I don't know ________ the future holds in store for me, but I'll face the storms of life bravely.
A.how B.where
C.that D.what[来源:21世纪教育网]
答案:D。句意:我不知道未来会发生什么事,但我将勇敢地面对生活中的狂风暴雨。考查名词性从句。此处考查动词know后的宾语从句,从句中动词hold后缺宾语,故选what。
55.(2011·杭州质检,15)There is a popular belief among the Europeans ________ chicken soup can help cure flu.
A.what B.who
C.that D.where
答案:C。句意:欧洲人中间有一种流行的信念(看法):鸡汤有助于治愈流感。考查同位语从句。belief后跟一个同位语从句,对其内容进行进一步的解释,同位语从句中结构、意思完整,故用单纯连接词that引导。
56.(2011·湖南十二校第二次联考,27)Country life gives him peace and quiet, which is ________ he can't enjoy while living in big cities.
A.that B.why
C.where D.what
答案:D。句意:乡村生活给他带来了安静,这是他住在大城市里所享受不到的。考查连接词。what he can't enjoy是表语从句,what在表语从句中作动词enjoy的宾语。
57.(2011·江西九校联考,33)So quickly are science and technology advancing ________ is a possibility today may be a reality tomorrow.
A.which B.what
C.that which D.that what
答案:D。句意:科学和技术的进步是如此地快速以至于今天认为只是一种可能性事情或许明天就会是事实。考查典型句式和名词性从句。句子的主干为so...that引导的结果状语从句,so位于句首时引起部分倒装;在结果状语从句中有一个由what引导的主语从句。
58.(2011·福建名校样本分析考试,28)—How do you think I can make up with Jack?
—Set aside ________ you disagree and try to find what you have in common.
A.what B.where
C.whether D.which
答案:B。句意:——你认我怎样能与Jack重修旧好?——不要顾及不同的意见,设法找出你们的共同点。考查连接词。where you disagree作set aside的宾语。
59.(2011·福建名校样本分析考试,33)We all held the view ________ the book said was right.
A.that what B.what that
C.that D.all which
答案:A。句意:我们都有这样的观点,书上所说的都是对的。考查连接词。连接词that引导同位语从句,修饰名词view, what the book said是同位语从句的主语,what是作said的宾语。
60.(2011·福建质检,35)I can't figure out ________ it is that makes him so difficult at school.
A. how B.what
C.why D.which
答案:B。句意:我不能理解究竟是什么使得他在学校如此困难。figure out“理解,想出,明白”。考查强调句式的特殊疑问句形式作宾语从句时的语序:wh-+it be that...强调句式中强调的是主语,首先要排除作状语的连接副词how和why,又因语境中的主语为泛指意义,故排除which(有范围,视为特指)选what。
61.(2011·桂林一模,31)We can find out ________ all the excitement is about by playing QQ's “Happy Farm”.
A.that B.how
C.what D.when
答案:C。句意:通过玩QQ游戏“快乐农场”我们可以发现所有的刺激和什么有关。考查宾语从句的连接词。find out后的宾语从句中缺介词about的宾语,而单纯连接词that在名词性从句中不能作成分,when和where又只能作状语,故选连接代词what。
62.(2011·西安十校联考,16)________ I regret most is that I have promised to make friends with the dishonest girl.
A.How B.What
C.Where D.That
答案:B。句意:我最后悔的是我已经许诺和那个不诚实的女孩交朋友。考查主语从句,主语从句中缺宾语,故选what。
63.(2011·成都三诊,7) Inside the White House, there is a room called the Oval Office. That's ________ President Obama works.
A.why B.where
C.what D.how
答案:B。句意:在白宫里有一个被称为“the Oval Office”的房间。那是奥巴马总统工作的地方。考查表语从句的引导词。从句中缺少地点状语,故用where引导。
63.(2011·成都三诊,20)Mobile phone users have developed a series of symbols, such as and to show ________ they feel.
A.which B.when
C.how D.why
答案:C。句意:手机/移动电话用户已经发明了一系列的像“微笑( )”和“不高兴 ”等符号,以表达他们的感受。考查连接词。语境强调的是方式, 故用how修饰谓语动词feel。
65.(2011·昆明质检,10)The decision was made ________ more medical teams would be sent to help people in the earthquake.
A.what B.which
C.that D.when
答案:C。句意:已经作出决定,派更多的医疗队到震区帮助灾区人民。考查名词性从句。主语the decision后跟一个同位语从句说明其具体内容,从句中成分完整,故用单纯连接词that引导。
66.(2011·承德一模,17)The local Tibetans and Sherpas laughed at the strange bottles containing ________ they referred to as “English air”.
A.which B.that
C.how D.what
答案:D。考查宾语从句。当地藏民和夏尔巴人都嘲笑那些奇怪的瓶子,里面装着他们所说的“英国气体”。what引导一个宾语从句,作containing的宾语,同时what在从句中作介词to的宾语。
67.(2011·商丘二模,28)I would appreciate ________ you could give me some advice on learning English.
A.it whether B.it if
C.that when D.that if
答案:B。考查宾语从句。在英语中,当enjoy, like, love, prefer, appreciate, hate, dislike等表示情绪的动词后接when或if从句时,通常要用it作形式宾语。
68.(2011·重庆一模,29)________ seems to be no possibility ________ the shy girl can win the first prize in the contest.
A.There; that B.It; that
C.There; whether D.It; whether
答案:A。考查同位语从句和there be结构。句意:看来这个腼腆的小女孩在这次竞赛中没有获得第一名的可能。结合句意,第一空选用there表示“存在;有”构成there be句型;第二空that引导一个同位语从句,that起连接作用,无意义,但不能省略。
69.(2011·遵义一模,14)Whether ways will be found to stop pullution or not is just ________ worries the public.
A.why B.which
C.that D.what
答案:D。考查表语从句。句意:是否能找到阻止污染的方法是公众所担心的。分析句子结构可以看出,此处what引导一个表语从句,同时在表语从句中作主语。
70.(2011·潍坊二模,33)—What upsets him?
—________ his computer is out of order.
A.Whether B.What
C.That D.How
答案:C。句意:——什么事情让他沮丧?——他的电脑出故障了。这是一个省略答语,that引导主语从句,在从句中不充当句子成分。补充完整为That his computer is out of order upsets him。
71.(2011·昆明一模,15)—How will you deal with these papers, Ann?
—I will leave them to ________ takes over the job.
A.anyone B.someone
C.whoever D.no matter who
答案:C。考查宾语从句。答语句意:我要把这些文件留给接管工作的人。A项和B项缺少从句引导词;no matter who只引导状语从句,故此题选C,whoever引导一个宾语从句,相当于anyone who。whoever在宾语从句中作主语,故选C。
72.(2011·石家庄一模,9)It could be learned from the teacher's eyes ________ he was very satisfied with her performance.
A.that B.whether
C.what D.where
答案:A。考查主语从句。句意:从老师的眼里可以看出老师对她的表演很满意。分析句子结构可以看出,前面的it为形式主语,真正的主语为that引导的主语从句,that无意义,不作成分,但是不能省略。
73.(2011·三月二模,27)________ didn't attend the lecture yesterday won't be given full marks.
A.Any one B.Whoever
C.Who D.The person
答案:B。考查主语从句。分析句子结构知,此处填的词为主语从句的引导词,故排除A、D两项;另外,根据题意,选用whoever,相当于anyone who。
74.(2011·济宁二模,32)________ some teenagers don't realize is ________ difficult life can be after they get addicted to drugs.
A.What; what a B.That; how
C.What; how D.That; what
答案:C。考查主语从句和表语从句。分析句子结构知,第一空使用what引导主语从句,what在主语从句中作realize的宾语;第二空选用how引导表语从句,how修饰difficult。
75.(2011·成都二模,31)It surprised us all ________ Kate made such big progress in this final exam.
A.when B.that
C.how D.whether21世纪教育网
答案:B。考查主语从句。分析句子结构知,句首it作形式主语,真正的主语为that引导的主语从句,that无意义,在从句中不作成分。
76.(2011·泸州一模,33)We haven't settled the problem of ________ it is necessary for him to study abroad.
A.why B.whether
C.what D.how
答案:B。考查宾语从句。句意:我们还没有解决他是否有必要出国学习的问题。此处whether为“是否”之意,引导一个从句作介词of的宾语。
77.________ there are living creatures in the outer space as those on Earth hasn't been proved until now.
A.How B.When
C.Where D.Whether
答案:D。考查主语从句。句意:在外部空间是否有与地球上相同的生物直到现在还没有得到证明。whether引导主语从句,意为:是否。
78.(2011·北京一模,31)Although Anne is happy with her success, she wonders ________ will happen to her private life.
A.that B.this
C.it D.what
答案:D。考查宾语从句。句意:尽管安妮对她自己的成功感到高兴,但是她仍不知道她的个人生活将会发生什么。what引导宾语从句,作wonder的宾语。what在宾语从句中作主语,that引导宾语从句时不能充当句子成分可排除A。this和it都不可用作连接词,故选D。
79.(2011·济南二模,31)The warning we were given as children ________ eating fast will make you fat, may in fact, have a scientific explanation.
A.that B.who[来源:21世纪教育网]
C.where D.which
答案:A。that引导同位语从句,说明warning的内容。that在从句中不充当句子成分。
80.(2011·晋中二模,22)It is usually thought ________ a little child says is truth.
A.what that B.that what
C.which D.that
答案:B。考查主语从句。第一个词使用that引导主语从句;第二个词使用what引导主语从句中的主语从句,同时what作says的宾语。
81.(2011·绍兴二模,17)Evidence has been piled up ________ drinking water after getting up in the morning contributes to one's health.
A.what B.which
C.if D.that
答案:D。考查同位语从句。此处that引导一个同位语从句,表示evidence的具体内容。21世纪教育网
82.(2011·哈尔滨二模,25)The reform has changed the whole nation. It cannot remain ________ it used to be.
A.what B.where
C.which D.when
答案:A。考查表语从句。此处remain是一个连系动词,其后选用what引导一个表语从句,同时what在从句中作be的表语。
83.(2011·石家庄一模,19)—Don't you believe me?
—________, I'll believe ________ you say.
A.No; whateverB.Yes; no matter what
C.No; no matter whatD.Yes; whatever
答案:D。考查名词性从句。句意:——难道你不相信我的话吗?——不,你说什么我都信。根据后面的答语...I'll believe________ you say.可以推断第一空使用yes,表示“不”,whatever引导一个宾语从句。no matter what只可引导状语从句,不能引导名词性从句,故可排除B、C。
84.(2011·枣庄二模,27)Don't put off till tomorrow ________ you should do today![来源:21世纪教育网]
A.what B.when
C.that D.which[来源:21世纪教育网]
答案:A。句意:不要把你今天应该做的事情推迟到明天。what引导宾语从句,在从句中作do的宾语。
85.(2011·衡水一模,17)Having arrived at the earthquake-stricken area, we were led to ________ the homeless people lived.
A.what B.in which
C.that D.where
答案:D。考查宾语从句。句意:一到地震灾区,我们就被领到了灾民安置处。此处where引导一个宾语从句,作介词to的宾语,同时where在从句中充当状语。
86. (2011·厦门适应性考试,32)What some people don't realize is ________ difficult life can be after they get addicted to drugs.21世纪教育网
A. that B. how
C. why D. what
答案:B。考查名词性从句。句意:有些人没有认识到一旦染上毒瘾生活会是多么艰难。how“多么”,引导表语从句。
87.(2011·南平适应性考试,32)The companies are working together to create ________ they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century.
A. which B. that
C. what D. who
答案:C。考查名词性从句。句意:公司们正在一起研究他们希望是21世纪最佳的交通方式。此处缺少宾语从句的连接词,而从句________ they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century中they hope是插入语,因此缺少主语,所以选起双重作用的what。
88. (2011·淮安第四次调考,22)The new CRH train between Beijing and Shanghai ________ speed can reach about 380km/h will benefit ________ takes it.
A. whose; whoever B. which; whichever
C. whose; who D. where; whoever
答案:A。考查定语从句和宾语从句。句意:北京到上海间的高铁时速可达每小时380公里,它们将会给乘客带来很大的便利。第一空是定语从句,whose指代the new CRH train's;第二空是宾语从句,whoever=anyone who。
89.(2011·辽宁网上诊断联考,29)________ he can work abroad next year will depend on his parents' will.
A. That B. When
C. What D. Whether
答案:D。本句的意思是“明年他能否去国外工作要看他父母的意愿”。由于主语从句中已经有了时间状语next year,所以不可以选when。
90.(2011·漳州质检,27)—Don't you think it too expensive?
—Never mind ________ the price is; if it is what we need we'll buy it.
A. what B. how much
C. how D. how many
答案:A。考查名词性从句。________ the price is是宾语从句部分,is缺少表语,所以选起双重作用的what。答语句意:不要管价格是多少,如果是我们需要的东西,就把它买下来。
91.(2011·西安第三次质检,24)It is ________ the pupils do in their spare time ________ really prepares them to take their place in society as citizens when they grow up.
A. which; that B. that; what
C. what; that D. that; which
答案:C。考查主语从句和强调句型。第一空为主语从句,________ the pupils do in their spare time中do缺宾语,所以选起双重作用的what;第二空为强调句型,只能选that。
92.(2011·德阳三诊,9)—What's your uncle's opinion about your decision?
—He always encourages me to do ________ I think I should.
A.what B.when
C.how D.that
答案:A。考查宾语从句。答语句意:他总是鼓励我做我认为我应该做的事。由上下文可知,should后省略了do,do后缺宾语,因此选起双重作用的what。
第1章 专题12定语从句与状语从句
1.(2011·全国卷,7)Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt, ________ is a stupid thing to do in such weather.
A.this B.that
C.what D.which
答案:D。句意:Ted仅穿着短裤和T恤来过周末,在这种天气下这样做真愚蠢。which引导非限制性定语从句,在从句中作主语。this,what不能引导定语从句;that不能引导非限制性定语从句。
2.(2011·四川卷,17)The school shop,________ customers are mainly students,is closed for the holidays.
A.which B.whose
C.when D.where
答案:B。本题考查非限制性定语从句。句意:那个顾客主要是学生的校内商店,假期里停业。whose引导非限制性定语从句,表示出商店与顾客的关系:商店的顾客。
3.(2011·新课标卷,31)The prize will go to the writer ________ story shows the most imagination.
A.that B.which
C.whose D.what
答案:C。本题考查定语从句。句意:这个奖项会奖给他的故事最具想象力的作者。根据句子结构可知,本题考查定语从句,且从句中缺少定语,故C项正确,而that与which在句中可作表语,主语,宾语。what不能引导定语从句。
4.(2011·山东卷,32)The old town has narrow streets and small houses ________are built close to each other.
A. they B. where
C. whatD. that
答案:D。本题考查关系代词的用法。句意:这座古老的城镇拥有狭窄的街道和一些小房子,这些房子都靠得很近。本题为定语从句,且从句中缺少主语,故D项正确。where在从句中作状语,what不能引导定语从句。
5.(2011·江苏卷,24)Between the two parts of the concert is an interval,________the audience can buy ice-cream.
A.when B.where
C.that D.which
答案:A。本题考查定语从句的引导词。句意:在音乐会的两部分之间有一段休息时间,这时观众可以买冰激凌。分析结构可知,定语从句先行词为interval,定语从句缺少时间状语,用when引导,A项正确。
6.(2011·浙江卷,4)One Friday, we were packing to leave for a weekend away ________ my daughter heard cries for help.
A.after B.while
C.since D.when
答案:D。考查时间状语从句的引导词。句意:在一个星期五,我们正在打包准备动身去度周末,这时我女儿突然听到呼救声。after“在……之后”;while“当……时……;然而;尽管”;since“自从……以来”;when“当……时,这时”。本题考查句式:sb. was/were doing...when...“某人正在做某事这时突然发生了某事”。
7.(2011·浙江卷,10)A bank is the place ________ they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain.
A.when B.that
C.where D.there
答案:C。考查定语从句的引导词。首先排除D。句意:银行是在晴朗的日子借给你雨伞而下雨天收回的地方。分析句子结构可知,该从句缺少地点状语,故选择where;排除when(做时间状语)和that(作主语、宾语或表语)。
8.(2011·辽宁卷,25)No matter how______, it is not necessarily lifeless.
A.a desert may be dryB.dry a desert may be
C.may a desert be dryD.dry may a desert be
答案:B。本题考查语序。句意:不管沙漠多么干旱,也不一定没有生命。no matter how/what/who...引导让步状语从句时,主语与谓语用陈述语序。how为副词,后接形容词或副词,故B项正确。
9.(2011·福建卷,24)She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students ______ allows them to communicate freely with each other.
A.which B.where
C.what D.who
答案:A。本题考查定语从句的引导词。句意:她有为她的学生创造一个允许他们互相自由交流的气氛的能力。分析结构可知,______allows them to communicate freely with each other为atmosphere的定语从句,从句缺少主语,用which引导。
10.(2011·福建卷,33)It was April 29,2011______Prince William and Kate Middleton walked into the palace hall of the wedding ceremony.
A.that B.when
C.since D.before
答案:B。本题考查状语从句。句意:2011年4月29日,威廉王子与凯特·米德尔顿步入婚礼殿堂。分析结构可知,该句为It be+时间+when从句的固定句型,表示“某事发生在什么时间”。
11. (2011·安徽卷,28)Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, ________ it will keep for two or three weeks.
A. when B. which
C. where D. while
答案:C。考查定语从句。句意:不论剩下什么都可以把它放到冰箱里,可以保存两到三周的时间。where引导非限制性定语从句,在从句中作地点状语,相当于in the refrigerator。
12.(2011·北京卷,26)Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others,________,of course, made all the others upset.
A. who B. which
C. what D. that
答案:B。本题考查非限制性定语从句。句意:玛丽对杰克比对其他的人都友好,当然,这使其他的所有人都很伤心。what和that不能引导非限制性定语从句;who引导非限制性定语从句时指人;which引导非限制性定语从句,which指代前面句子的整个内容。[来源:21世纪教育网]
13.(2011·湖南卷,25)Julie was good at German, French and Russian, all of ________ she spoke fluently.
A.who B whom
C.which D.that
答案:C。本题考查定语从句。句意:朱莉叶精通德语,法语和俄语,并且说得很流利。此处由“代词+of+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句,which指代先行词German,French and Russian。that不能引导非限制性定语从句。
14.(2011·陕西卷,11)I walked up to the top of the hill with my friends,________we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.
A. which B. where
C. who D. that
答案:B。考查非限制性定语从句的引导词。句意:我和朋友们走到山顶,在那儿我们欣赏到壮丽的湖景。该定语从句缺少地点状语,所以用where。而which/who/that均无此用法。[来源:21世纪教育网]
15.(2011·江西卷,34)She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction ________ had taken more than three years.
A.for which B.with which
C.of which D.to which
答案:C。本题考查定语从句。句意:她领游客们参观了博物馆,它的建设花费了三年多的时间。of表所属关系,意为“……的”;for“对于”;with“拥有,具有,随着”;to“对于,向,往,到”。
16.(2010·全国卷Ⅰ)As a child,Jack studied in a village school,______ is named after his grandfather.
A.which B.where
C.what D.that
答案:A。考查定语从句中关系词的选择。定语从句在逗号之后,可判断为非限制性定语从句。先行词a village school在定语从句中作主语,因此用关系代词which,故选A。
17.(2010·全国卷Ⅰ)Mary made coffee ______ her guests were finishing their meal.
A.so that B.although
C.while D.as if
答案:C。考查状语从句中连词的选择。句意:趁客人们正在吃饭,玛丽煮好了咖啡。while表示“在……期间”,符合句意。因此答案为C。
18.(2010·全国卷Ⅰ)The little boy won't go to sleep ______ his mother tells him a story.
A.or B.unless
C.but D.whether
答案:B。考查状语从句中连词的选择。句意:如果妈妈不给他讲故事,那个小男孩儿就不睡觉。unless表示“除非,如果不”,表示否定的条件,符合句意。or“或者”,表选择;but“但是”,表转折;whether“是否”。
19. (2010·全国卷Ⅱ)Tom was about to close the window ______ his attention was caught by a bird.
A.when B.if
C.and D.till
答案:A。考查连词用法。句意:汤姆正要关窗户,这时他的注意力被一只鸟吸引住了。本句是“sb. was about to do sth. when...”结构,表示“某人正要做某事,这时突然……”。
20. (2010·全国卷Ⅱ)I refuse to accept the blame for something ______ was someone else's fault.
A.who B.that
C.as D.what
答案:B。考查定语从句。“that was someone else’s fault”是定语从句,修饰先行词something, that在从句中作主语。
21.(2010·重庆卷)In China,the number of cities is increasing ______ development is recognized across the world.
A.where B.which
C.whose D.that
答案:C。考查定语从句。whose在此引导定语从句,并在从句中作定语,先行词为cities,whose development相当于the development of the cities。
22.(2010·重庆卷)Today,we will begin ______ we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out.
A.when B.where
C.how D.what
答案:B。考查状语从句。where在此处引导地点状语从句。
23.(2010·江西卷)The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister ______ she would stay for an hour.
A.where B.who
C.which D.what
答案:A。考查定语从句。句意:这个女孩被安排与她姐姐一起在培训中心上钢琴课,在那儿她愿意待上一个小时。where引导限制性定语从句,修饰the training centre。
24.(2010·辽宁卷)The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair ______ he wanted to sit next to his wife.
A.although B.unless
C.because D.if
答案:C。考查连词辨析。句意:那个老人让Lucy去坐另一张椅子,因为他想挨着他妻子坐。后面的从句表示原因,故填because。
25. (2010·安徽卷)The engineers are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities,______they have the interest.
A.wherever B.whenever
C.even if D.as if
答案:C。考查连词的用法。句意:工程师们如此忙碌,以至于他们没有时间进行户外体育运动,即使他们有这种兴趣。as if表示“似乎”,不符合句意。
26. (2010·安徽卷)Just use this room for the time being,and we’ll offer you a larger one______it becomes available.
A.as soon as B.unless
C.as far as D.until
答案:A。考查连词的用法。句意:暂时先用这个房间,一有稍大的房间,我们就提供给你。此处与句中的for the time being相呼应。
27.(2010·湖南卷)I've become good friends with several of the students in my school ______ I met in the English speech contest last year.
A.who B.where
C.when D.which
答案:A。考查定语从句。who引导定语从句,修饰先行词students。句意:我与好几位去年在英语演讲比赛中结识的同校同学成了好朋友。
28.(2010·湖南卷)Tim is in good shape physically ______ he doesn't get much exercise.
A.if B.even though
C.unless D.as long as
答案:B。考查从属连词。even though意为“即使”,引导让步状语从句。句意:尽管Tim锻炼得并不多,但他的身材保持得很好。
29.(2010·天津卷)—Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut?
—You should try the barber's ______ I go.It's only 15.
A.as B.which
C.where D.that
答案:C。考查定语从句。where引导限制性定语从句并在从句中充当地点状语,定语从句修饰先行词为the barber’s,即我去的那个理发店。
30.(2010·北京卷)Children who are not active or ______ diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.
A.what B.whose
C.which D.that
答案:B。考查定语从句。whose引导定语从句,和前面的who引导的定语从句并列,共同修饰先行词children,并且whose在从句中作定语,修饰diet。
31.(2010·北京卷)______ they decide which college to go to,students should research the admission procedures.
A.As B.While
C.Until D.Once
答案:D。考查连词。once在句中引导时间状语从句,表示“一旦”。句意:一旦学生决定上哪个大学,他们就应该了解一下入学手续。其他几项不合题意。
32.(2010·山东卷)That's the new machine ______ parts are too small to be seen.
A.that B.which
C.whose D.what
答案:C。考查定语从句的关系词。代替指物的先行词the new machine,且在从句中作定语,所以用whose。句意:那是台新机器,它的零件小得都看不到。
33. (2010·福建卷)Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet ______ life has developed gradually.
A.that B.where
C.which D.whose
答案:B。考查定语从句。句意:Stephen Hawking认为地球不可能是唯一的有生命逐渐形成的星球。这是一个由where引导的定语从句,修饰先行词planet,从句中缺少地点状语,根据句意,选B项。
34.(2010·四川卷)After graduating from college,I took some time off to go travelling,______turned out to be a wise decision.
A.that B.which
C.when D.where
答案:B。考查非限制性定语从句。在此which引导非限制性定语从句,指代前面句子的内容。句意:大学毕业后我抽出一部分时间去旅游,事实证明这是一个明智的选择。
35.(2010·四川卷)Because of the heavy traffic,it was already time for lunch break______she got to her office.
A.since B.that
C.when D.until
答案:C。考查状语从句。when引导时间状语从句。句意:因为交通拥挤,当她到达办公室时已是午休时间了。
36.(2010·陕西卷)The old temple ______ roof was damaged in a storm is now under repair.
A.where B.which
C.its D.whose
答案:D。考查定语从句。先行词the old temple和定语从句中的主语roof是所属关系,所以要用关系代词作定语。关系代词作定语时可用“whose+n.”,“the+n.+of which”或“of which+the+n.”三种结构,此题中采用的是第一种结构。若用另外两种结构,应该是the roof of which或of which the roof。
37.(2010·江苏卷)The newly-built cafe,the walls of______are painted light green,is really a peaceful place for us,especially after hard work.
A.that B.it
C.what D.which
答案:D。考查定语从句的关系词。“the walls of which are painted light green”是定语从句,修饰先行词cafe。which引导非限制性定语从句,代指cafe,在从句中作介词of的宾语。由于关系代词前有介词,所以A项错误。
38.(2010·浙江卷)The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people,many of______left their village homes for a better life in the city.
A.whom B.which
C.them D.those
答案:A。考查定语从句。解答定语从句关系词选用题的关键是:在主句中找出先行词,该从句的先行词是nearly 1,000 people,然后把先行词“代入”从句中,判断其在从句中的“地位”和“作用”,此处先行词在定语从句中作of的宾语,应该用关系代词whom,据此选A项。
39. (2009·湖南卷)I was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, a city ______ name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind. [来源:21世纪教育网]
A. which B. of which
C. that D. whose
答案:D。这是对定语从句的考查。在定语从句中,关系代词whose可以用来表示物的所属关系。
40. (2009·辽宁卷)They've won their last three matches, ______ I find a bit surprising actually.[来源:21世纪教育网]
A. that B. when
C. what D. which
答案:D。考查非限制性定语从句。关系代词which指代前面整个句子。句意:他们赢得了上面的三场比赛,这一点我真的觉得有点吃惊。
41. (2009·全国卷)She brought with her three friends, none of ______ I had ever met before.
A. them B. who
C. whom D. these
答案:C。考查定语从句。根据逗号后没出现表示并列句的连词可知此句是非限制性定语从句,排除选项A和D;介词后接whom而不是who,故C项正确。
42. (2009·江苏卷)Because of the financial crisis, days are gone ______ local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night.
A. if B. when
C. which D. since
答案:B。正确解答此题的关键是划分句子成分。句意:由于经济危机,当地五星级酒店一个晚上需要六千元的日子已经一去不复返了。所以此处是用when引导的定语从句,先行词是days。
43. (2009·福建卷)It's helpful to put children in a situation ______ they can see themselves differently.
A. that B. when
C. which D. where
答案:D。考查定语从句。先行词是situation指地点。in a situation在从句中作地点状语,所以要用关系副词where。此句的意思是“把孩子放在能从不同角度看问题的环境中,这对孩子们是很有用的”。
44. (2009·山东卷)Whenever I met her, ______ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile.
A. who B. which
C. when D. that
答案:B。本题考查非限制性定语从句。指代前面一个句子,故用which。
45. (2009·陕西卷)Gun control is a subject ______ Americans have argued for a long time.
A. of which B. with which
C. about which D. into which
答案:C。考查定语从句,先行词是gun control,指物,关系词在从句中做介词的宾语,介词前置,介词与从句动词构成搭配argue about sth.,故选C。
46. (2009·浙江卷)I have reached a point in my life ______ I am supposed to make decisions of my own.
A. which B. where
C. how D. why
答案:B。考查定语从句。把point看作表示地点的名词,“在此情况下我可以自己做决定”,在从句中作状语,所以用where,也可以用in which。
47. (2009·重庆卷)Life is like a long race ______ we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.
A. why B. what
C. that D. where
答案:D。考查定语从句。“我们在比赛中与他人竞争”,定语从句中缺少地点状语,所以选where,还可以换成in which。
48. (2009·北京卷)—What do you think of teaching, Bob?
—I find it fun and challenging. It is a job ______ you are doing something serious but interesting.
A. where B. which
C. when D. that
答案:A。考查定语从句的用法。本句中定语从句的先行词为job,从句的结构为主谓宾结构,所以关系词只能在从句中充当地点状语,故本题的正确答案只能为A选项。
49. (2009·天津卷)A person ______ e-mail account is full won't be able to send or receive any e?mails.
A. who B. whom
C. whose D. whoever
答案:C。考查定语从句的引导词。句意:一个电子邮箱满了的人就不能收发电子邮件了。whose引导定语从句,表示e-mail account与a person是所属关系。
50. (2009·北京卷)You may use the room as you like ______ you clean it up afterwards.
A. so far as B. so long as
C. in case D. even if
答案:B。本题意为“只要你能负责打扫这间房子,你就可以使用它”。so far as“到……为止”;so long as“只要”表条件;in case“以防万一”;even if“即使”,故只有B选项符合句意。
51. (2009·四川卷)Owen wouldn't eat anything ______ he cooked it himself.
A. until B. since
C. unless D. while
答案:C。连词考查。until“到……为止”;since“自从”;unless“如果不;除非”;while“当……时候;然而”。句意:除非Owen亲自做饭,否则他不愿吃什么的。故C项正确。
52. (2009·江苏卷)______ unemployment and crime are high, it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former.
A. Before B. Where
C. Unless D. Until
答案:B。句意:在那些失业人数和犯罪较高的地方,可以认为后者是由于前者造成的。此处是where引导的一个地点状语从句。故B项正确。
53. (2009·福建卷)She had just finished her homework ______ her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday.
A. when B. while
C. after D. since
答案:A。考查状语从句。根据主从句的动词时态可知主句谓语动词的动作在从句谓语动词之前已经完成,引导词的意思是“当……的时候”。此句的意思是:她刚完成作业,她的母亲就让她练习钢琴。
54. (2009·湖南卷)______ the police thought he was the most likely one, since they had no exact proof about it, they could not arrest him.
A. Although B. As long as
C. If only D. As soon as
答案:A。由句意判断,这里要选择although,表示让步,意为“尽管……”。
55.(2011·海淀第二学期期末,30)Green tea, ________ many experts suggest, should be drunk regularly to improve health.
A.which B.where
C.when D.as
答案:D。句意:正如很多专家建议的那样,为改善身体状况应该有规律地饮用绿茶。regularly“有规律地,经常地,习惯性地,定期地”。考查非限制性定语从句的关系词。此处关系代词所替代的是整个主句的内容,且有“正如……一样”之意,故排除which,选as。
56.(2011·海淀期中,28)The story took place in Europe in the days before automobiles ________ everyone used horses.
A.which B.where
C.when D.as
答案:C。句意:故事发生在当时还没有汽车的欧洲,那时人们都使用马。考查定语从句。先行词为the days,关系词在定语从句中作时间状语,故选关系副词when。
57.(2011·海淀期中,21)Life is ten percent what happens to you and ninety percent ________ you respond to it.
A.that B.whether
C.how D.what
答案:C。句意:生活的百分之十是发生在你身上的事情,百分之九十是你对它做出怎样的反应。respond to“对……做出反应”。如:Animals respond to kindness.动物受到善待能做出反应。语境强调反应的方式,故选how。
58.(2011·东城练习二,30)In time we reached a stage ________ we had more young readers than old ones.
A.where B.how
C.who D.what
答案:A。句意:我们终于到达这样的一个阶段,年轻读者的数量超过了年长读者。考查定语从句。定语从句的先行词除了表地点的名词外,还可以是situation, stage, point, case等表示抽象地点的名词。
59.(2011·西城二模,31)The part in the film ________ the man broke down the door made some of the audience give a cry.
A.which B.who
C.where D.whom
答案:C。句意:电影中那个男人破门而入的那一段使一些观众喊叫起来。考查定语从句的引导词。先行词part为表示地点的名词,且在定语从句中作地点状语,故用关系副词where引导定语从句。
60.(2011·天津十二区县联考,14)________ was expected, only five people turned up at the party, ________ disappointed the hostess very much.
A.As; what B.As; which
C.It; that D.What; which
答案:B。句意:正如预料的那样,只有五个人出现在聚会上,这令女主人非常失望。考查关系代词引导的定语从句。第一空由as引导非限制性定语从句,as代指后面整个主句的内容;第二空由which引导非限制性定语从句,代指前面主句的内容。故选B。
61.(2011·重庆二诊,27)Cleveland has high unemployment, bad weather, and heavy taxes, ________ have pushed it to the No.1 position of miserable cities in the Forbes. com list.
A.which of all B.all of them
C.and all of which D.all of which
答案:D。句意:克里夫兰有高失业率、糟糕的天气和高税收,所有的这些使它成了福布斯网站排名第一的不幸城市。考查“代词+介词of+which”引导的定语从句。关系代词which替代主句中的high unemployment, bad weather, and heavy taxes。
62.(2011·东北三校二模,32)When Christine landed her job some years ago, she had to face a climate ________ music classes were not the focus of learning.
A.which B.where
C.when D.that
答案:B。句意:当Christine几年前找到工作时,她不得不面对这样一种气氛,音乐课不是学习的重点。考查定语从句。where引导定语从句修饰先行词climate, where在定语从句中作地点状语。
63.(2011·石家庄二模,18)Mary liked to look back on her high-school days, ________ she thought were the happiest in her life.
A.that B.what
C.which D.when
答案:C。句意:Mary喜欢回忆高中时的学校生活,她认为那段日子是她一生中最快乐的时光。考查定语从句。先行词her high-school days在非限制性定语从句中作主语,故选关系代词which。she thought为插入语。
64.(2011·太原基础知识测试,32)He came to a point ________ there was no more road to follow, and before him he could see nothing but a thick forest.
A.that B.what
C.which D.where
答案:D。句意:他来到一个无路可循的地方,在他前面除了茂密的森林什么也看不见。考查定语从句。先行词point为表示地点的名词,关系词在句中作地点状语,故选关系副词where。类似的词还有situation, case, stage等。
65.(2011·河南示范高中适应性测试,24)I remember early spring mornings ________ my grandmother would tell me to sit quietly and then read me books.
A.when B.why
C.where D.which
答案:A。句意:我记得那些早春的上午, 祖母要我安静地坐着,然后读书给我听。考查定语从句。先行词为表示时间的名词,定语从句中缺的是时间状语,故选when。[来源:21世纪教育网]
66.(2011·济南4月模拟,31)I found many people, most of ________ I didn't know, quarrelling outside.
A.that B.which
C.whom D.what
答案:C。句意:我发现很多人在外面吵架,大多数我不认识。考查“代词+介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。先行词是people,指人,故用whom。
67.(2011·济南一模,29)People who seldom do sports or ________ diet is high in fat will put on weight quickly.
A.who B.whose
C.which D.what
答案:B。句意:很少做运动或那些饮食中含高脂肪的人们很容易快速增重。考查定语从句的关系词。把先行词people's代入定语从句________diet is high in fat,可知从句中缺定语,故用关系代词whose=people's。
68.(2011·江南十校二模,22)The song “In Spring” has brought national fame to Xuriyanggang, ________ won the second place in the 2010 Avenue of Stars Finals.21世纪教育网
A.when B.what
C.where D.who
答案:D。句意:“春天里”这首歌为旭日阳刚组合带来了全国性的声誉,他们在2010年度星光大道年度总决赛中获得第二名。考查非限制性定语从句的引导词。Xuriyanggang为指人的名词,在定语从句中作主语,故选关系代词who。
69.(2011·江南十校联考,26)—What does the notice say?
—All the storytellers should meet at the same hall ________ won the first three prizes.
A.what B.as
C.who D.which
答案:C。句意:——通知上说的什么?——所有的前三名讲故事的获奖者在同一座大厅集合。考查分隔式定语从句的引导词。定语从句的先行词为storytellers,指人,在从句中作主语,故选C。
70.(2011·皖南八校第三次联考,33)If we forgave criminals, our society might become a society of endless excuses ________ no one accepts responsibility for anything.
A.which B.where
C.when D.as
答案:B。句意:如果我们宽恕罪犯,我们的社会可能成为一个有着无数借口的社会,在这一社会中没有一个人会对任何事有责任心。考查定语从句。先行词为表示抽象意义的地点名词society,又由于定语从句中缺少相应的地点状语,故选关系副词where。
71.(2011·合肥第三次质检,33)Is this the reason ________ he gave us for the delay of the project?
A.what B.that
C.how D.why
答案:B。句意:这就是他给出的推迟项目的原因吗?考查定语从句引导词。理顺句子语序为:this is the reason...后接定语从句,从句中gave后缺直接宾语,故用关系代词that。
72.(2011·合肥第二次质检,27)The National Education Department says again school safety has set off alarm bells with frequent serious accidents ________ students got injured or even killed.
A.that B.when
C.in which D.from where
答案:C。句意:国家教育部再次强调由于致死致伤的严重事故频发,校园安全已经为我们敲响了警钟。考查定语从句的关系词。accident“事故,意外事件”为定语从句的先行词,它可以看作是一个带有抽象意义的地点名词,在定语从句中作地点状语,故需用in which或where引导定语从句。[来源:21世纪教育网]
73.(2011·苏锡常镇一调,24)Some people create jobs, foster excitement and basically make the system work. They see possibilities ________ others see only problems.
A.that B.what
C.which D.where
答案:D。句意:一些人创造就业机会,活跃市场,基本上使系统正常工作。他们在其他人仅看到问题的地方看到了创业的可能。考查连词。由句意可知,一些人在别人只看到问题的地方,看见了创业的可能性。where在句中引导地点状语从句。
74.(2011·南京二模,28)Everyone will go through life's stages of ups and downs, ________ self-respect plays a key role in the maturity of a person.
A.when B.which
C.as D.that
答案:A。句意:每个人都将经历人生起起落落、坎坎坷坷的阶段,此时自尊在一个人的成熟过程中起着重要作用。考查定语从句。先行词为life's stages,此处的stage不是“舞台”的意思,而是“阶段,时期”。point, period or step in the development, growth or progress of sth./sb.某事物/某人的发展、成长或进步的程度、时期或阶段。如:at an early stage in our history在我们历史发展的早期。
75.(2011·杭州质检二,20)Nowadays young people just can't live without the Internet, ________ they depend on for whatever information they need.
A.when B.which
C.where D.that
答案:B。句意:当今年轻人的生活离不开网络,他们依靠网络获得他们需要的任何信息。考查定语从句的关系词。从句中depend on后缺宾语,因为关系代词that不能引导非限制性定语从句,故只能用关系代词which。
76.(2011·湖南十二校第二次联考,35)Britain is very much a drinking culture ________ people are quite used to the idea of having just a drink in their hands while socializing.
A.that B.which
C.when D.where
答案:D。句意:英国的酒文化非常盛行,在这样的文化氛围中,人们已经习惯了当社交时手里端着一杯酒的信念。考查定语从句的引导词。culture是先行词,where在定语从句中充当地点状语。
77.(2011·江西九校联考,35)Though it is 30 years ________ we last met, I still remember the scene ________ we got separated on a rainy day.
A.before; where B.before; which
C.since; when D.since; where
答案:D。句意:尽管自我们上次见面以来已经是30年了,我现在依然记得我们在一个雨天分手的场景。考查连词和定语从句。第一个空处为现在完成时的一个典型句式:It is...since...“自……以来已经……了”;第二空处为考查定语从句的关系词,先行词scene是表示地点的名词,带入定语从句后,先行词在从句中作地点状语,故用关系副词where引导定语从句。答案为D。易错选A。忽略空后的last一词,认为第一空处考查句式:It is+时间段+before“过多久才……”而造成误选。
78.(2011·福建质检,27)The engineer spoke highly of the government's efforts, ________ he owed his safe return from Libya.
A.through which B.to which
C.with whom D.for whom
答案:B。句意:那位工程师高度赞扬了政府的努力,他把他从利比亚安全返回归功于政府的努力。考查定语从句的关系词。解题的关键是介词的选用,由owe...to...“把……归功于……”可知用介词to,关系代词which指代先行词the government's efforts,故答案为B。
79.(2011·桂林一模,23)—It cost me 30 yuan to get there.
—Well, it was crazy of you to take a taxi ________ you would come by bus as well.
A.when B.while
C.unless D.because
答案:A。句意:——到达那里花了我30元。——哦,既然你也可以乘公交车去那里,打的对你来说太疯狂了。when“既然,考虑到”。
80.(2011·桂林一模,29)Britain's Prince William and Kate Middleton will marry on April 29, 2011 in Westminster Abbey, ________ Princess Diana's funeral was held.
A.when B.which
C.where D.as
答案:C。句意:英国王子William和Kate Middleton将于2011年4月29日在威斯敏斯特大教堂——Diana公主曾经举办葬礼的地方举行婚礼。考查定语从句的关系词。先行词Westminster Abbey是表示地点的名词,且关系词在定语从句中作地点状语,故用关系副词where引导定语从句。
81.(2011·西安八校联考,12)________ has been known, we will put off the examination to next month.
A.That B.As
C.It D.What
答案:B。句意:正如所知道的那样,我们将把考试推迟到下个月。考查非限制性定语从句。此处关系代词as替代后面整个主句的内容,在从句中作主语。
82.(2011·西安八校联考,14)On the third floor there are two rooms, ________ is used as a meeting room.
A.one of themB.the larger of which
C.the larger one of thatD.the largest of which
答案:B。句意:在三楼有两个房间,较大的那个房间被用作会议室。考查“n./pron.+of which”引导的定语从句。从两个句子之间只有逗号、没有并列连词判断,两者不是并列句,应为主从句,从句法功能来看其修饰的是名词为定语从句;them不能作关系词,故排除A;在“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中,当介词和关系词连用时不能用that,故排除C;只有两个房间,只能用比较级,故排除D。
83.(2011·西安八校联考,17)—There is nothing quite as exciting as watching an NBA game ________ a last-second three-pointer changes the result.
—Absolutely right. Some moments will be kept in memory for ever.
A.that B.which
C.where D.when
答案:C。句意:——没有什么比看NBA比赛更刺激的了,在比赛中最后一秒的一个三分球改变了比赛结果。——绝对正确。有些时刻会永远铭刻在记忆中。考查定语从句。先行词是an NBA game,在定语从句中作地点状语,故选where。
84.(2011·乌鲁木齐三诊,35)________ we are, we all have weaknesses and strengths.
A.No matter who B.No matter when
C.Wherever D.However
答案:A。句意:不论我们是谁,我们都有弱点和长处。考查让步状语从句的引导词。由语境可知,强调的是“无论我们是谁”,故用no matter who或whoever来引导从句。
85.(2011·乌鲁木齐三诊,30)—Oh, I'm sorry. I left the tape you lent me back in my dormitory.
—That's all right. I will need it ________ we finish our first lesson tomorrow morning.
A.as B.until
C.unless D.after
答案:D。句意:——噢,很抱歉,我把你借我的磁带落在我寝室里了。——没关系,明天上午第一节下课后我才用。考查连词。从逻辑上看,此处应为时间状语,故首先排除引导条件句的unless; until在此需和not连用才能表示“直到……才”;as引导时间状语从句时,①可以表示主、从句两个动作交叉进行或同时进行,意为“一边……一边……,随着……”,如:He hurried home, looking behind as he went. 他匆匆忙忙回家去,一边走一边回头望。As time goes on, it's getting warmer and warmer.随着时间的推移,天气变得越来越暖和了。②当主句表示的是短暂动作,而从句用延续性动词的进行时态表示一个在一段时间内正在进行的动作,此时when, while和as可互换使用。如:When/While/As I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend of mine.当我沿着大街走时,碰巧遇到我的一个老朋友。从上面关于as引导时间状语从句的两种用法可知,此处不能用as。易错选A、B。从上面解析中的as的两种用法可知,此处不能用as; until引导时间状语从句时,其特点是:使终止性动词延续(用于否定句中,主句的谓语动词必须是非延续性动词,从句为肯定式,意为:某动作直到某时候才开始。如:He won't go to bed until/till she arrived.);使延续性动词终止(用于肯定句中,主句的谓语动词必须是延续性动词,主、从句都为肯定式,意为:某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止。如:He remained there until/till she arrived. 他在那儿一直等到她来。You may stay here until/till the rain stops. 你可以在这里待到雨停。)
86.(2011·成都三诊,10)My English teacher has got so much energy that all my classmates are interested in his classes, ________ we can easily focus our attention on.
A.where B.so
C.which D.because
答案:C。句意:我的英语老师如此有活力以至于我所有同学都对他的课感兴趣,我们能很容易地把注意力集中到课堂上。考查非限定性定语从句的引导词。先行词为classes,故用关系代词which引导非限定性定语从句,which在从句中作介词on的宾语。
87.(2011·成都三诊,18)It will be quite a few years ________ Japan looks again as it did before the earthquake.
A.when B.before
C.that D.since
答案:B。句意:再过许多年后,日本才会恢复到地震前的样子。quite a few=many“很多,许多”。考查典型句式:It will be some time before...“过多久才……”。
88.(2011·昆明质检,3)The song brings us back to 1997, the year ________ we Chinese will never forget.
A.when B.where
C.what D./
答案:D。句意:那首歌把我们的思绪带回到1997年,那是我们中国人永远铭记的一年。考查定语从句。the year为1997的同位语,其后跟了一个定语从句,先行词the year在定语从句中作forget的宾语,故可用关系代词that或which,也可以把作宾语的关系代词省略,故选D。
89.(2011·昆明质检,15)—How long is it ________ we last saw it snowed here?
—Not sure, about eight years.
A.since B.before
C.after D.when
答案:A。句意:——自我们上次见到这里下雪以来有多长时间了?——搞不准,大概八年了吧。考查连词。此处问的是自上次看见这里下雪以来到现在的情况,即从过去到现在,故用since。
90.(2011·成都一模,18)Occasions are quite rare ________ I have the time to spend a day with my kids.
A.who B.which
C.why D.when
答案:D。考查定语从句。句意:我难得有时间和孩子们一起过一天。先行词为occasions,表时间。
91.(2011·成都一模,25)Mark drives his car too fast and, what's more, very carelessly, ________ worries his mother.
A.a B.what
C.it D.which
答案:D。考查定语从句。此处which引导非限制性定语从句,同时在从句中作主语。
92.(2011·青岛二模,28)The beautiful mountain village ________ we spent our holiday last year is located in ________ is now part of Guangxi.
A.which; where B.where; what
C.that; what D.when; which
答案:B。第一空为定语从句,从句不缺主干成分,所以选关系副词,先行词是village,所以选where;第二空为宾语从句,从句缺主语,所以选what。
93.(2011·重庆一模,30)The archaeologists found gold coins and pottery in the lowest level of the site ________ they reached three months ago.
A.what B.for which
C.that D.to which
答案:C。考查定语从句。此处用that引导定语从句,that作及物动词reached的宾语。
94.(2011·广元一模,32)With the development of agriculture, the people ________ village I taught are now living a happy life.
A.in whose B.whose
C.in which D.which
答案:A。考查定语从句。此处whose作定语,in whose village意为“in the people's village”。
95.(2011·桂林一模,33)Europe has achieved more in controlling the AIDS virus than Asia in the past ten years, ________ the number of people infected with the virus is going up sharply.
A.when B.that
C.so that D.where
答案:D。考查定语从句。此处选用where引导一个定语从句,先行词为表示地点的Asia。when引导定语从句指代时间,此处与题意不符,故排除。
96.(2011·皖北二模,31)The three backpackers finally reached the top of Mount Huangshan, ________ they could enjoy the breathtaking sights to their heart's content.
A.when B.where
C.why D.how
答案:B。考查定语从句。此处先行词为Mount Huangshan,选用where引导定语从句,where在从句中作地点状语。
97.(2011·莱芜二模,31)In Western culture,21 was the age ________ young people traditionally received a key to their parents' door, as a symbol of entering adulthood.
A.in which B.on which
C.at which D.to which
答案:C。考查“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。句意:在西方文化中,21岁时,按照传统,年轻人会收到一把父母房间的钥匙,作为走进成年时代的象征。at which=at the age,在这个年龄,符合题意。
98.(2011·襄阳一模,28)“Ungelivable” is so new an English word coined on the Internet ________ is forbidden to appear on official media or documents at present.
A.that B.which
C.it D.as[来源:21世纪教育网]
答案:D。句意:“Ungelivable”是网络新创的一个英语单词,目前,官方媒体或文件中禁止出现这个词。as在此处引导一个定语从句,且在从句中作主语,构成so...as结构。
99.(2011·厦门适应性考试,28)________ is known to us all, our government has spared no efforts to control food prices.21世纪教育网
A. What B. Which
C. As D. It
答案:C。考查非限制性定语从句。句意:众所周知,我们的政府已经不遗余力控制食品价格。as放在句首,指代后面的整个句子。which常放在主句后;what不引导定语从句,选what可把句子改为What is known to us all is that our government has spared no efforts to control food prices.;it也不引导定语从句,选it可把句子改为It is known to us all that our government has spared no efforts to control food prices。
100. (2011·宁波模拟,4)Gone are the days ________ we spent together in the mountainous village.
A. when B. that
C. where D. on which
答案:B。考查定语从句。________ we spent together in the mountainous village是从句部分,其中spent缺少宾语,所以选关系代词,所给选项中只有B项是关系代词。
101. (2011·南通三模,24)________ this job, he will have to be faced with the challenging situation he has never experienced before.
A. No matter who will take on B. Who takes on
C. Whoever will take onD. Whoever takes on
答案:D。考查状语从句。whoever=no matter who,排除B项;再根据状语从句中应该用一般现在时表一般将来时,所以D项正确。
102. (2011·南通三模,34)Many people tend to buy things from big store, ________ they believe the qualities are good.
A. at which B. of which
C. which D. where
答案:B。考查定语从句。句意:很多人期望从大商场买东西,他们认为那里的东西质量好。The qualities of things from big stores are good,所以选of which。
103. (2011·辽宁网上诊断联考,24)They didn't find the name of the boy in the list, ________, of course, made them very disappointed.
A. that B. who
C. which D. whose
答案:C。定语从句的先行词是前面整个句子,并不是the boy,并且从句中谓语动词made没有主语,所以选择关系代词which。A选项不能引导非限定性定语从句。
104. (2011·莆田适应性练习,33)Meizhou Island is such a beautiful place of interest________ everyone likes to visit.
A. as B. that
C. which D. where
答案:A。考查定语从句。先行词前有such/the same时,定语从句的引导词用as引导。
105. (2011·西安第三次质检,18)________, I have to put the novel away and focus my attention on study this week.
A. No matter how it is interestingB. However it is interesting
C. No matter however interesting it isD. No matter how interesting it is
答案:D。考查状语从句。however=no matter how,后面先接形容词或者副词,因此D项正确。
106.(2011·南昌三模,27)________, I have never seen anyone who's as capable as John.
A.As long as I have traveled B.Much as I have traveled
C.Now that I have traveled so muchD.As I have traveled so much
答案:B。考查状语从句。句意:虽然我到过很多地方,但是我从未见过像约翰一样能干的人。as作“虽然,尽管”讲时,引导让步状语从句应该把句子中的表语、状语或者谓语动词一部分提前,所以B项正确。as long as“只要”;now that“既然”;都不合句意。
107.(2011·松江区5月,37)I felt most angry about the way ________ I was treated when I was shopping.
A. whenB. that
C. whichD. where
答案:B。考查定语从句。先行词是the way,后面的定语从句的引导词可以是that,in which或者什么也不填。
108.(2011·松江区5月,40)A spokesman said, “________ it is rainy, Prince William and Kate will appear on the palace balcony at 1:25 pm for their longawaited kiss.”
A. WhatB. Whether21世纪教育网
C. HoweverD. No matter how
答案:B。考查状语从句。句意:一位发言人说“无论天是否下雨,威廉王子和Kate都将会在一点二十五分出现在王宫阳台上……”。由句意可知,选whether表示“是否”的意思。
109.(2011·烟台适应性练习,29)—Did Tom go back late last night?
—No.It was just nine o'clock ________ he arrived home.
A.when B.after
C.until D.that
答案:A。考查状语从句。答语句意:不,汤姆回家时不晚,他到家时是刚刚九点钟。
110.(2011·泉州一中二模,26)There is a Wall Street financial crisis case ________ the stock price has reduced to 45%, causing people to be ________.
A. that; with a loss B. where; at a loss
C. that; in a loss D. where; on a loss
答案:B。考查定语从句和介词短语。句意:华尔街金融危机中,股票价格下降到百分之四十五,使人们不知所措。第一空是定语从句,先行词是case,从句中缺少地点状语,定语从句的引导词用where;第二空at a loss“不知所措”。
111. (2011·湘潭市第五次模拟,23) David applied for the position three times ________ he finally got it.
A. untilB. when
C. before D. after
答案:C。考查状语从句。句意:大卫申请了三次才获得了那个职位。before在此意为“在……之前”。
112.(2011·福州三中练习,24)________ more and more people may refer to the Internet for the latest news, it is unlikely that the newspaper will disappear.
A.When B.Because
C.Since D.While
答案:D。考查状语从句。句意:尽管越来越多的人更愿意上网查找最新的新闻,但是报纸不可能消失。由句意可知,选while,在此意为“尽管,虽然”。
113.(2011·福州三中练习,24)Jim's mother doesn't push too hard on him,________ really benefit a lot from her relaxed attitude.
A.which B.what
C.that D.who
答案:D。考查非限制性定语从句。先行词是him,所以选who。what不引导定语从句;that不引导非限制性定语从句;which不能指人。
114.(2011·南开中学5月月考,31)________ the producers of the “ red” programs do a good job , Chongqing Satellite TV will succeed.
A. As far as B. In case
C. Even if D. So long as
答案:D。考查状语从句。句意:只要“红歌”节目成功了,那么重庆卫视就成功了。so long as“只要”。
115.(2011·耀华中学二模,9)He seemed to be looking for the words ________ he could express his idea.
A.for which B.with which
C.for that D.with that
答案:B。考查定语从句。句意:他好像在想能够表达出他的思想的话语。express...with...“用……表达出……”,所以用with which。
116.(2011·厦门双十中学热身考试,30)—Look, the paint is starting to come off ________ the wall is damp.
—Well, we'd better have the wall repainted some day.
A. when B. if
C. where D. once
答案:C。考查状语从句。句意:——看,画从潮湿的地方滑落下来了。——我们最好把墙重新油漆一下。 由句意可知,选where引导地点状语从句,意为“从……地方,在……地方”。
117. (2011·嘉兴一中三模,12) Many college graduates are willing to start online shops to get over the period ________ they have difficulty finding a satisfactory job.
A. whereB. when
C. which D. that
答案:B。考查定语从句。先行词是period,而且从句they have difficulty finding a satisfactory job主干完整,所以选关系副词when。
118.(2011·三明二中第二次质检,29)John, ________ money is no problem, still leads a simple life.
A. for whose B. of whose
C. of whom D. for whom
答案:D。考查定语从句。句意:约翰仍然过着简朴的生活,尽管钱对他而言不成问题。由句意可知,选for whom。
119.(2011·重庆一中五月模拟,33)—Hasn't the thief admitted his crime by now?
—No, ________ questioned many times.
A. if B. though
C. unless D. once
答案:B。考查状语从句。答语句意:是的,(他还没认罪)。虽然被审讯了很多次。though“虽然”符合句意。
第1章 专题13省略、替代、强调及其他特殊句式
1.(2011·重庆卷,28)I told them not everybody could run as fast as you did, ________?
A.could he B.didn't I
C.didn't you D.could they
答案:B。本题考查反意疑问句。句意:我告诉他们并不是所有的人都和你跑得一样快,是吗?主从复合句变反意疑问句时,反问部分与主句一致。故B项正确。
2.(2011·重庆卷,32)—Have you seen the film Under the Hawthorn Tree?
—Of course, I have. It was in our village ________ it was made.
A.that B.where
C.when D.which21世纪教育网
答案:A 本题考查强调句型。句意:——你看过电影《山楂树之恋》吗?——当然看过,就在我们的村庄拍摄的。其结构为:It is/was+被强调部分+that+其余部分。此处强调地点状语。
3.(2011·山东卷,23)Find ways to praise your children often,________ you'll find they will open their hearts to you.
A. till B. or
C. and D. but
答案:C。本题考查连词的用法。句意:找到经常表扬孩子的方法,你就会发现孩子们就会对你敞开心扉。本句为“祈使句+and+简单句”,祈使句可转化为if引导的条件句。
4.(2011·江苏卷,33)It sounds like something is wrong with the car's engine.________, we'd better take it to the garage immediately.
A. Otherwise B. If not
C. But for that D. If so
答案:D。本题考查省略。句意:听起来好像是车的发动机出毛病了。如果这样的话,我们最好立刻把他带到修车厂去。otherwise“否则,要不然”,if not“如果不的话”,but for that“若不是因为那”,if so“如果这样的话”。由句意可知D项正确。
5.(2011·辽宁卷,29)He had no sooner finished his speech______the students started cheering.
A.since B.as
C.when D.than
答案:D。本题考查连词的用法。句意:他一演讲完,同学们就欢呼起来了。no sooner...than...,hardly...when...与as soon as意义一致,表示“一……就……”。
6.(2011·辽宁卷,23)Twenty students want to attend the class that aims to teach______to read fast.
A.what B.who
C.how D.why
答案:C 本题考查连词的用法。句意:有二十名学生要去听如何快速阅读的课。what什么;who谁;how怎样;why为什么。根据句意,C项正确。21世纪教育网
7.(2011·湖南,35)It's not what we do once in a while ________ shapes our lives, but what we do consistently.
A.which B.that
C.how D.when
答案:B。本题考查强调句式,句意:不是我们偶尔而是我们始终如一做的事情塑造了我们的生活。此处构成it is...that强调句式。
8.(2011·陕西卷,23)It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do________benefits our work most.
A. who B. which
C. that D. what
答案:C。考查强调句型。句意:不是我们做了多少而是我们向我们所做的投入了多少热忱使我们的工作最受益。去掉It is 和空白处以后,句子可还原为Not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do benefits our work most,由此可见本题考查强调句式“It is+被强调部分(Not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do)+that+其他”,所以C项正确。该结构中只有被强调部分是人时才可用who替代that,其他情况得用that。
9. (2010·全国卷Ⅱ)Though ______ to see us,the professor gave us a warm welcome.
A.surprising B.was surprised
C.surprised D.being surprised
答案:C。考查省略。前半句是“Though he was surprised to see us”的省略形式。一般情况下,如果状语从句的主语与主句的主语相同,并且从句的谓语含有be动词,通常省略状语从句中的主语和be动词。
10. (2010·安徽卷)It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village ______ the hostess cooked such a nice dinner.
A.where B.that
C.when D.which
答案:B。考查强调句式。句意:女主人用先前从村庄中买的仅仅几样东西做出了如此美妙的晚餐。被强调部分是from only a few supplies,句中的“that she had bought in the village”是定语从句,修饰先行词supplies。句子主干为the hostess cooked such a nice dinner.。
11.(2010·湖南卷)John's success has nothing to do with good luck.It is years of hard work ______ has made him what he is today.
A.why B.when
C.which D.that
答案:D。考查强调句型。此处强调第二句的主语years of hard work。句意:John的成功与运气没有关系。正是他多年的努力才成就了今天的他。
12.(2010·山东卷)The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day,______ accompanied by an adult.
A.once B.when
C.if D.unless
答案:D。考查连词。句意:校规规定,任何孩子在白天都不允许出校门,除非有大人陪同。所以选unless。
13.(2010·四川卷)If you have a job,______yourself to it and finally you’ll succeed.21世纪教育网
A.do devote B.don’t devote
C.devoting D.not devoting
答案:A。考查特殊句型。本句为“祈使句+and+陈述句”句型;do是对谓语动词devote的强调。
14.(2010·江苏卷)So far we have done a lot to build a low-carbon economy,but it is______ideal.We have to work still harder.
A.next to B.far from
C.out of D.due to
答案:B。考查词组辨析。句意:迄今为止我们为建设低碳经济已经做出了很多,但是远不理想。我们必须更加努力。far from表示“远非;一点也不”。A项表示“仅次于”;C项表示“离开,出于”,一般与名词或代词连用;D项表示“因为”。
15.(2010·江苏卷)—I have tried very hard to find a solution to the problem,but in vain.
—Why not consult with Frank?You see,______.
A.great minds think alike
B.two heads are better than one
C.a bird in the hand is worth two in the bush
D.it’s better to think twice before doing something
答案:B。考查习语。答话人建议说话人不要仅仅凭借自己的力量,而应该请教别人,由此可知选B项“两人智慧胜一人”。A项表示“英雄所见略同”;C项表示“双鸟在林不如一鸟在手”;D项表示“三思而后行”,都与所给语境不符。
16.(2010·浙江卷)I guess we’ve already talked about this before but I’ll ask you again just______.
A.by nature B.in return
C.in case D.by chance
答案:C。考查短语辨析。句意:我猜我们以前谈过这个问题,但以防万一,我还是要再问问你。in case“以防,万一”;by nature”天生,生性”;in return“作为……的回报”;by chance“偶然,意外地”。根据句意,这里选C项。
17.(2010·浙江卷)—According to my grandma,it is a good idea to eat chicken soup when you have a cold.
—______,scientists agree with her.
A.Sooner or later B.Once in a while
C.To be exact D.Believe it or not
答案:D。考查短语辨析。句意:——根据我奶奶的看法,感冒时最好喝鸡汤。——确实如此,科学家也这么认为的。此处believe it or not表示“信不信由你,确实”的含义,符合语境。sooner or later“迟早”;once in a while“时不时,偶尔,间或”;to be exact“确切地说”。
18. (2009·江苏卷)—What' s the matter with Della?
—Well, her parents wouldn't allow her to go to the party, but she still ______.
A. hopes to B. hopes so
C. hopes not D. hopes for
答案:A。根据语境可知,父母不允许Della参加party,可她依然希望能去。此处考查省略,仅保留动词不定式符号to,故A项正确。
19. (2009·江西卷)Some of you may have finished unit one. ______, you can go on to unit two.
A. If you may B. If you do
C. If not D. If so
答案:D。句意:有些人可能已经完成了第一单元。如果是这样,完成第一单元的同学请继续进行第二单元。正确答案应为if you have 或 if so。
20. (2008·全国卷Ⅱ)It was in New Zealand ______ Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith.
A. that B. how
C. which D. when
答案:A。此题考查了强调句型:it is/was... that ... 。句意:就是在新西兰,伊丽莎白第一次见到了史密斯先生。
21. (2008·北京卷)I'm sorry you've been waiting so long, but it'll still be some time ______ Brian gets back.
A. before B. since
C. till D. after
答案:A。it is(was/will be)some time before ...是一个常用句型,意思是:“过……时间才……”。
22. (2008·天津卷)It was along the Mississippi River ______ Mark Twain spent much of his childhood.
A. how B. which
C. that D. where
答案:C。此题考查了强调句型的用法,强调句型的常见形式是:it is/was... that... 。
23. (2008·安徽卷)—I have some big news for you. You've been accepted as a member of our club.
—______ That's great!
A. Have I? B. Pardon?
C. Congratulations! D. Good idea!
答案:A。考查省略。完整为:“Have I been accepted as a member of your club?”21世纪教育网
24. (2008·全国卷Ⅰ)The weather was ______ cold that I didn't like to leave my room.
A. really B. such
C. too D. so
答案:D。本题考查了so ...that ...的句型。句意:天气是那样的冷以致于我不想离开我的房间。
25. (2008·安徽卷)—Have you got any particular plans for the coming holiday?
—Yes. ______, I'm going to visit some homes for the old in the city.
A. If ever B. If busy
C. If anything D. If possible
答案:D。考查省略。if (it is) possible“如果有可能的话”。
26. (2008·福建卷)—Who should be responsible for the accident?
—The boss, not the workers. They just carried out the order ______.
A. as told B. as are told21世纪教育网
C. as telling D. as they told
答案:A。此题选A项as told是as they were told的省略形式。
27. (2008·辽宁卷)—Could you tell me how to get to Victoria Street?
—Victoria Street? ______ is where the Grand Theatre is.
A. Such B. There
C. That D. This
答案:C。此题考查代词的用法,such表示综上所述,there构成there be句型,that表示远指的目标,this表示近指的目标。根据句意,应选C项。
28. (2008·全国卷Ⅱ)—Do you know Anna's telephone number? 21世纪教育网
—______. As a matter of fact, I don't know any Anna, either.
A. I think so B. I'm afraid not
C. I hope so D. I'd rather not
答案:B。此题是一个交际情景。I'm afraid not表示委婉否定。
29. (2008·江西卷)My English teacher's humor was ______ make every student burst into laughter.
A. so as to B. such as to21世纪教育网
C. such that D. so that
答案:B。考查固定搭配。句意:我的英语老师的幽默可以达到使每个学生都捧腹大笑的地步。such as to表示“会……那般的,到……的地步”,是固定搭配。
30. (2008·四川卷)I haven't seen Ann for ______ long that I've forgotten what she looks like.
A. such B. very
C. so D. too
答案:C。考查副词用法。此处是“so... that... ”结构,表示“如此……以至于……”。A项用来修饰名词。
31. (2008·重庆卷)It was not until midnight ______ they reached the camp site.
A. that B. when
C. while D. as
答案:A。考查强调句。很明显这是一个强调句,去掉it was和空格,句子剩余部分仍是一个完整的句子。所以选择A。
32. (2008·福建卷) ______ is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.
A. It B. What
C. As D. Which
答案:B。此题选B,what在主语从句中作主语。
33. (2008·安徽卷)Students are always interested in finding out ______ they can go with a new teacher.
A. how far B. how soon
C. how often D. how long
答案:A。考查宾语从句。how far“多远”,在本题中表抽象意义;how soon“多久以后”;how often“多久”,对频率提问;how long“多长时间”。
34. (2008·辽宁卷)Bill wasn't happy about the delay of the report by Jason, and ______.
A. I was neither B. neither was I
C. I was either D. either was I
答案:B。句意:Bill不高兴Jason推迟作报告,我也不高兴。前句是否定句,后句应选B项,与前句保持一致。
35. (2008·江苏卷)—It shouldn't take long to clear up after the party if we all volunteer to help.
—That's right. ______.
A. Many hands make light workB. Something is better than nothing
C. The more the merrierD. The sooner begun, the sooner done
答案:A。本题考查谚语。句意:如果大家都自愿来帮忙,那么工作就好做了。Many hands make light work. 众擎易举。
36. (2008·上海卷) ______ well prepared you are, you still need a lot of luck in mountain climbing.
A. However B. Whatever
C. No matter D. Although
答案:A。句意:无论你准备得多么充分,在登山时还是需要一定的运气的。考查让步状语从句,根据句意和结构可判断,B项whatever不会再加副词well,C项缺连接词,D项although不能引起倒装结构。however常用however+adj. /adv. +主语+谓语的结构。
37. (2008·安徽卷)—Good evening. Huangshan Hotel.
—Good evening. ______?
A. Do you still have a room for tonight
B. What would you like, please
C. Is there anything I can do for you
D. Who is that speaking, please
答案:A。考查交际用语。答语句意:今天晚上你们那里还有空房间吗?
38.(2011·海淀第二学期期末,34)Mr. Smith is still not so familiar with the city because it was only two months ago, in March, ________ he started working here.
A.before B.when
C.that D.which
答案:C。句意:Smith先生现在对这座城市依然不熟悉,因为在两个月前也就是三月份他才开始在这里上班。在原因状语从句中考查强调句式。去掉强调框架后句子的主干为:He started working here only two months ago.。
39.(2011·海淀期中,24)Although ________ considerable success as an artist, the young man keeps working hard.
A.achieving B.achieved
C.to achieve D.having achieved
答案:D。句意:尽管作为艺术家,他已经取得了相当大的成功,但这位年轻人继续努力工作。考查非谓语动词。此处的although having achieved相当于although the young man has achieved,故选D。句首表示让步的连词although容易影响考生对句子结构的理解。
40.(2011·东北三省四市联考,24)If ________ unsolved, this may lead to more serious problems.
A.making B.remained
C.left D.taking
答案:C。句意:如果这个问题不解决,可能会导致更严重的问题。考查非谓语动词及省略句。句子补全为“If it is left unsolved...”故选用过去分词left表被动。易错选B。误认为句子原形是“If it remained unsolved...”,但没有注意动词remain的形式而误选。需用remaining才行。[来源:21世纪教育网]
41.(2011·太原基础知识测试,22)—________, ask Mary to help you.
—Don't worry. I can make it myself.
A.If not B.If necessary
C.If only D.In anything
答案:B。句意:——如果有必要的话,请求Mary帮助你。——别担心,我自己能做成。考查句子的省略。if necessary为if it is necessary的省略形式;if not中的not代指上文中出现的否定意义的句子。易错选A。误选的原因是没有意识到代词not是代指上文中出现的否定意义的句子,而对话中空格前没有否定句,没有可替代的对象。
42.(2011·济南4月模拟,28)Is it that you often play computer games ________ worries your parents?
A.why B.that
C.which D.what
答案:B。句意:是你经常玩电脑游戏使你的父母感到担忧吗?考查强调句的一般疑问句形式。被强调的是主语从句that you often play computer games。
43.(2011·江南十校联考,34)The Greens must have been to 2010 Shanghai Expo, ________ they?
A.hadn't B.didn't
C.can't D.weren't
答案:D。句意:格林夫妇肯定曾去过2010上海世博会,是不是?考查反意疑问句。由题干中的must have been to...可知此处表示“对过去曾经发生情况的推测”,而且must后是be动词的完成式,需借助be动词的某种形式构成简略问句,故选D。如:You must be students, aren't you?
44.(2011·合肥第二次质检,26)Mary enjoys home-made food, so she seldom, ________, eats out.
A.if never B.if any
C.if not D.if ever
答案:D。句意:Mary喜欢吃家里做的饭,因此她很少外出吃饭,如果曾经外出吃饭的话次数也不多。考查句子的省略形式。if ever意为“如果有过的话,如果发生过的话”相当于现在完成时句子的省略式。如:He was a great musician if ever there was one.如果曾经有过伟大的音乐家,那他就是一个。She seldom, if ever, goes to the cinema.她难得看电影。易错选B。if any为if there are any的省略形式,意为“如果有的话也不多”。如:There are few trees on the playground if any.操场上如果有树的话,也不多。忽略语境中的信息词seldom,若选if any则意思和seldom重复而造成误选。
45.(2011·苏锡常镇一调,26)It was only as I got older ________ I got more curious about my background.
A.that B.than
C.then D.when
答案:A。句意:仅当我逐渐长大时,我才对我的来历好奇起来。考查强调句型。本句是对时间状语从句only as I got older的强调。分析句子成分可知,去掉it was和选项,句子剩下部分是完整的,符合强调句的特点。
46.(2011·杭州质检二,19)Be careful when you deal with this chemical, as it will explode when ________ to sunlight.21世纪教育网
A.being exposed B.to expose
C.exposing D.exposed
答案:D。句意:处理这种化学物质时要小心,因为它暴露在阳光下时会爆炸。考查时间状语从句的省略。补全后为:...when this chemical is exposed to sunlight.当时间状语从句的主语和主句主语一致,且谓语动词中含be动词的某种形式,为简洁起见常把从句的主语和be动词一起省略。
47.(2011·西安八校联考,22)I won't go there. You know, it is already 9 in the evening. ________, it is raining hard.
A.Therefore B.However
C.Besides D.That is[来源:21世纪教育网]
答案:C。句意:我不会去那儿。你知道,已经晚上九点了。此外,天正下着大雨。考查副词和插入语。besides“此外”表示递进关系;therefore“因此,所以”表示因果关系;however“可是,然而”表示转折关系;that is=that is to say“也就是说”作插入语。
48.(2011·乌鲁木齐二诊,26)I've never opposed the project; ________, I've always supported it.
A.on the other handB.on the contrary
C.out of the questionD.in other words
答案:B。句意:我到现在为止从来没有反对过这一方案;相反地,我总是支持它。考查介词短语辨析。on the contrary“正相反”符合逻辑和语境。on the other hand“在另一方面”;out of the question“不可能”;in other words“换句话说”。
49.(2011·成都三诊,15)It was not until she had arrived home ________ her appointment with the doctor.
A.when she rememberedB.and she remembered
C.did she rememberD.that she remembered
答案:D。句意:直到走到家,她才记得和医生有约。考查强调句式,本题被强调部分为not until状语从句,构成It is not until...that...“就是直到……才”。
50.(2011·成都三诊,17)It was really dangerous. One more step, ________ the baby would have fallen into the well.
A.and B.or
C.so D.but
答案:A。句意:实在太危险了,再往前走一步,那孩子就会掉进井里。考查典型句式:名词短语/祈使句(相当于一个条件句)+and/or+一般将来时的陈述句。此处的名词短语one more step相当于一个祈使句(或条件状语从句的省略形式)。
51.(2011·泰州二模,31)While ________ on the ladder, please don't move your body.
A.stand B.stood
C.being standing D.standing
答案:D。考查状语从句的省略。while后省略了句子的主语you和be动词are,所以选D。
52.(2011·西安二模,12)—Hi, Kathy. We're going to have a party this Saturday. Will you come?
—________. What time?
A.I suppose so B.I'd love to
C.I think so D.I like it
答案:B。考查省略。I'd love to 后省略了come to your party。
53.(2011·桂林一模,16)Top players must have excellent ball control, but it is not just ________ they do with their feet ________ counts.
A.how; that B.that; what
C.whether; what D.what; that
答案:D。考查强调句型和名词性从句。分析句子结构可以看出,此处为强调句型,强调主语;第一个词what作do的宾语,引导一个主语从句。
54.(2011·贵阳一模,18)I told you that you shouldn't waste your time playing the games, ________?
A.didn't I B.did I
C.should you D.shouldn't you
答案:A。考查反意疑问句。主从复合句的反意疑问句应根据主句的主语和谓语动词决定。
55.(2011·延吉二模,27)________ she was standing and waiting for a bus that she caught sight of the former President Clinton.
A.It was while B.As soon as
C.While D.During the time when
答案:A。考查强调句型。此处强调部分为时间状语从句。句意:她是在站着等公交车时发现 了前总统克林顿。
56.(2011·承德一模,19)—What made more than ten thousand people die in Japan?
—________ the tsunami in the Pacific Ocean.
A.It was B.There was
C.It is D.This
答案:A。考查强调句型和省略。此处It was the tsunami in the Pacific Ocean.为It was the tsunami in the Pacific Ocean that made more than ten thousand people die.的省略。
57.(2011·哈尔滨二模,28)—Shall I tell your best friends what happened to you yesterday?
—________ they ask you.
A.Not unless B.Not if
C.Not except D.No though
答案:A。考查省略。此处Not unless=You shall not tell them what happened to me unless...。
58.(2011·德阳三诊,5)Mr. Rocklin had just closed his eyes on the couch ________ his mobile phone rang.
A.after B.when
C.until D.while
答案:B。考查固定句式。句意:Rocklin先生刚刚在沙发上合上眼睛,就在这时他的手机突然响了。had just done...when...“刚刚……突然……”。
59.(2011·南平适应性考试,26)—English has a large vocabulary, hasn't it?
—Yes. ________ more words and expressions and you will find it easier to read and communicate.
A.Know B.Knowing
C.To know D.Known
答案:A。考查特殊句式。“祈使句+ and sb. will...”是固定句式。再如:Study hard and you will pass the exam。
60.(2011·莆田适应性练习,35)________ and they will finish off the challenging job.
A. In a week B. A week later
C. After a week D. Another week
答案:D。考查句式。“祈使句+and sb. will...”句式中的祈使句有时可以用名词或名词短语替换。再如:A cup of juice and you will feel refreshed。
61. (2011·漳州质检,30)According to the law of our country, it is ________ get your driving license.
A. not until you're eighteen can you
B. until you're eighteen that you can't
C. not until you're eighteen that you can
D. until you're eighteen when you can't
答案:C。考查强调句型。对含有not...until...的句子进行强调时,应该用It's not until...that...句型,所以选A、C两项;再由强调句型中无倒装结构可知,应该选C项。
62.(2011·宜宾适应性测试,3)Mike,________ your doctor's advice, or your cold will get worse.
A.follows B.following
C.followed D.follow
答案:D。考查句式。“祈使句+and/or sb. will...”是固定句型,所以选动词原形。句意:迈克,谨遵医嘱,否则你的感冒会恶化。
63. (2011·西安第三次质检,23) Every evening after dinner, if not ________ from work, I spend some time walking my dog.
A. tired B. tiring
C. to be tired D. as
答案:A。考查状语从句的省略。if后省略了I am,所以应该选tired。
64.(2011·湘潭市第五次模拟,22)Many questions have been answered by John. He must have previewed the lessons last night, ________ he?
A. needn't B. hasn't
C. didn't D. mustn't
答案:C。考查反意疑问句。对含有情态动词must表推测的句子的反意疑问句,有时间状语应该根据时间状语来确定谓语动词的形式,该句中有明确的表过去的时间状语last night,所以其反意疑问句的谓语动词应该用一般过去时表示,即C项正确。
65.(2011·福州三中练习,24)________, I suppose, and the housing problems for the low-income families in this area could be settled.
A.If you double your effortsB.To make some more efforts
C.Some more efforts D.Making greater efforts
答案:C。考查特殊句式。“祈使句+and sb. will...”是固定句型,其中,祈使句可以用名词短语代替。另外此题的难点在于I suppose是插入语,隔断了句子。
66.(2011·南昌三模,34)When you are dressed in the latest style, dancing to the most fashionable music after watching the latest film, you feel great, ________?
A.aren't you B.don't you
C.do you D.are you
答案:B。考查反意疑问句。疑问部分应和主语一致主句是you feel great,所以B项正确。
67.(2011·松江区5月,30)This is the first time that your parents have been abroad, ________?
A. haven't they B. hasn't it
C. aren't theyD. isn't it
答案:D。考查反意疑问句。主从复合句的反意疑问句应该根据主句来确定反意疑问句的人称和时态,该句型的主句部分是This is the first time,所以选D项。
68.(2011·泉州一中二模,34)The problem of global warming is serious. ________, the sea levels have risen a little.
A.As a consequence B.On the contrary
C.In a word D.In other words
答案:A。考查短语。句意:全球变暖问题很严重,结果,海平面已经上升了。as a consequence“结果,因此”;on the contrary“相反的”;in a word“总之”;in other words“换句话说”。
69. (2011·湘潭市第五次模拟,21)Look, ________ fashionable clothes is she wearing that all the eyes are fixed on her!
A. soB. such
C. howD. what
答案:B。考查倒装。句意:看,她穿着这么时髦的衣服以至于所有人都盯着她看。此处考查such...that...结构。
70.(2011·耀华中学二模,5)When ________ the letter, the old granny looked very much ________.
A.torn open; worryingB.tearing open; worried
C.torn open; worried D.tearing open; worrying
答案:B。考查省略和形容词作补语。第一空when后省略了the old granny was,所以选tearing open;第二空形容词作主语补足语。
71.(2011·耀华中学二模,14)It ________ there is a disaster ________ people will think much of the safety.
A.is until; when B.is until; that
C.isn't until; when D.isn't until; that
答案:D。考查对not until结构的强调。此时应该用it is not until...that句型,所以选D项。
72. (2011·厦门双十中学热身考试,29)Unreasonable ______, it turned out to be effective.
A. though sounded the planB. though the plan sounded
C. the plan sounded thoughD. sounded the plan though
答案:B。考查though引导的状语从句。句意:这项计划听起来很不合理,但是结果很有效。though引导的状语从句可以倒装,把从句的表语提前,如本句。也可以不倒装,即本句也可以改为:Though the plan sounded unreasonable, it turned out to be effective.但是as引导的从句必须倒装。
73. (2011·厦门双十中学热身考试,34)The latest edition of Harry Potter is as attractive as the previous editions.________, it is more thrilling.
A. If soB. If something
C. If necessary D. If anything
答案:D。考查省略。句意:最新版的哈利波特和原先的一样精彩。如果有不一样的话,最新版的更激动人心。if anything是if there is anything的省略。
74. (2011·重庆一中五月模拟,27) “I have to go,” she said, and with ________ she hung up the phone.
A. it B. that
C. which D. what
答案:B。考查替代。句意:“我得走了”,她说,随后她挂断了电话。with that“于是, 接着, 这样说着”。再如:The bank gave him a loan and that did the business. 银行给他提供了一笔贷款,问题于是得到了解决。
75.(2011·耀华中学二模,10)________ aware of the danger ahead, he took on the task without hesitation.
A.If B.Though
C.Since D.As
答案:B。考查状语从句。句意:虽然知道前面危险重重,但是他义无反顾承担起了那项工作。though“虽然,尽管”符合句意,though后省略了he was;as尽管也有“虽然,尽管”之意,但是它引导的分句必须倒装,所以不选。
76.(2011·武威六中五诊,15)It was the travel agency ________ they bought their air tickets from ________ was to blame for the loss.
A.that; which B.which; that
C.where; which D.where; that
答案:B。考查定语从句和强调句型。句意:应该由他们买飞机票的那家旅行社负责赔偿损失。第一空是定语从句,from缺少宾语,所以该空选关系代词that/which;第二空是强调句型,所以选that。
第1章 专题14交际英语
1.(2011·全国卷,6)—Did you forget about my birthday?
—________ I've booked a table at Michel's restaurant for this evening.
A.What then? B.I'm afraid so.
C.How could I? D.For sure.
答案:C。句意:——你忘记我的生日了吗?——我怎么能忘了呢?我已经在米歇尔的餐馆为今晚预订了一张桌子。What then?(下一步)怎么办?又怎么样呢?I'm afraid so.恐怕是这样的。How could I?我怎么能呢?For sure.肯定。
2.(2011·全国卷,20)—So you gave her your phone?
—________, she said she'd return it to me when she could afford her own.
A.My pleasure B.Not exactly
C.No doubt D.All right
答案:B。句意:——如此看来,你把你的手机给了她?——也不完全是这样,她说她能买上自己的手机时就把它还给我。my pleasure(对别人表示感谢的一种礼貌回答)不客气,很乐意效劳;not exactly(纠正对方刚说过的话)不完全是这样;no doubt毫无疑问;all right好吧。
3.(2011·重庆卷,23)—Are you going to take part in the speech contest?
—________ It's too good an opportunity to miss.
A.No problem! B.That's for sure.
C.Why me? D.Why bother?
答案:B。本题考查情景交际。句意:——你要参加演讲比赛吗?——那是肯定的,这是不能错过的一个好机会。No problem!没问题。That's for sure.那是肯定的;why me?为什么是我?why bother?为什么烦恼?
4. (2011·重庆卷,35)—Do you have Mary's phone number?
—Sorry, ________.
A. I don't know B. forget it
C. here you are D. I can't remember it
答案:D。本题考查情景交际。句意:——你有玛丽的电话号码吗?——对不起,我记不住了。由sorry可知,C项不对。A项:我不知,与上文的have不符。forget it“没关系”,不符合语境。故D项正确。
5.(2011·四川卷,1)—I'm sorry I didn't finish it on time.
— ________
A.Fine,thanks. B.No,thanks.
C.Thanks a lot. D.Thanks anyway.
答案:D。本题考查日常对话。句意:——很抱歉,我没有及时完成。——不管怎样,都很感谢。对于前者的信息句来看,不能用A,B来回答;而答案C没有体现出对于对方歉意的反应,故只有D最合适,表示虽不尽满意,但还是有谢意。
6.(2011·四川卷,5)—How could you be so rude as to walk in here in the middle of my class?
— ________
A.Nothing much. B.Nothing serious.
C.Never again. D.Never mind.
答案:C。本题考查日常对话。句意:——你怎么能这样莽撞地闯进我们班中来了呢?——再也不这样了。从答语来看,A,B,D都用了表示安慰对方的,不符合本句的语境。故选C表示:认清自己的问题,发誓不再犯了。
7.(2011·新课标卷,21)—We could invite John and Barbara to the Friday night party.
—Yes, ________? I'll give them a call right now.
A.why not B.what for
C.why D.what
答案:A。本题考查交际用语。句意:——我们邀请约翰和巴巴拉参加周五的晚会。——好啊!我马上给他们打电话。why not好啊,表示同意对方意见,符合题意。what for为了什么?why为什么?what什么?都不符合语境。
8.(2011·新课标卷,35)—Artistic people can be very difficult sometimes.
—Well, you married one.________.
A.You name it B.I've got it
C.I can't agree more D.You should know
答案:D。本题考查情景交际。句意:——搞艺术的人可能有时很难。——噢,你该知道,你同一位搞艺术的人结婚了。A项意为:你给它命名;B项:我明白了;C项:我非常同意;D项:你该知道。
9.(2011·山东卷,22)—I'm sorry I broke the vase.
—Oh,________. It wasn't very expensive.
A. you'd better not B. I'm afraid not
C. as you wish D. that's all right21世纪教育网
答案:D。本题考查交际用语。句意:——对不起,我打破花瓶了。——噢,没关系,花瓶不贵。You'd better not.你最好不要;I'm afraid not.恐怕不;as you wish你愿意怎样就怎样;that's all night不要紧,没关系,是sorry的答语。
10.(2011·山东卷,29)—Are you going to Tom's birthday party?
—________.I might have to work.
A. It dependsB. Thank you
C. Sounds great D. Don't mention it
答案:A。本题考查交际用语。句意:——你去参加汤姆的生日聚会吗?——看情况而定。我可能要工作。A项:看情况而定;B项:谢谢你;C项:听起来太好了;D项:别提了,不用谢,根据句意A项正确。
11.(2011·江苏卷,29)—Linda didn't invite us to the party.
—________? I don't care.
A.For what B.So what
C.What's on D.What's up
答案:B。句意:——琳达没有邀请我们参加聚会。——那又怎么样?我不在乎。For what?为了什么?So what?那又怎么样?What's on?在上映什么?What's up?出什么事了?怎么了?有什么事吗?由具体语境I don't care.可知应填“So what?”。
12.(2011·江苏卷,35)—You could always put the decision off a little bit longer.
—________If I leave it much longer I might miss my chance.
A. That's reasonable advice.B. Isn't it a good idea?
C. Do you think so? D. I can't agree more.
答案:C。本题考查交际用语。句意:——你总是推迟一点儿做决定。——你是这样认为的?如果我推迟时间再长些的话,我可能会失去机会。That's reasonable advice.这是合理化建议。Isn't a good idea?这难道不是个好主意吗?Do you think so?你这么认为吗?I can't agree more.我非常同意。由语境可知C项正确。
13.(2011·天津卷,2)—Just a moment. I haven't finished packing my suitcase.
—______.It's high time we left for the airport.
A.Go ahead B.Take it easy
C.Hurry up D.That's fine
答案:C。本题考查情景交际。A项“说吧;干吧;用吧”;B项“不用急;慢慢来”;C项“快;”;D项“好极了”。由答语知C项符合上下文语境。句意:——等一下。我的行李箱还没有整理好。——快一点。我们该动身去机场了。
14.(2011·天津卷,14)—I need to advertise for a roommate for next term.
—______? Mary is interested.
A.Why bother B.Why not
C.So what D.What for
答案:A。本题考查情景交际。A项:为什么要费心呢;B项:为什么不呢;C项:那又怎么样;D项:为什么。由答语Mary is interested.可知A项正确。句意:——我下学期想登广告找一名室友。——为什么要费心呢?玛丽很感兴趣。
15.(2011·浙江卷,1)—I'm sorry I didn't make it to your party last night.
—________. I know you're busy these days .
A.Of course B.No kidding
C.That's all right D.Don't mention it
答案:C。考查情景交际。句意:——很抱歉昨晚未能参加你的聚会。——没关系,我知道你近来很忙。of course当然;no kidding别开玩笑了;这不是开玩笑;that's all right没关系;don't mention it不客气。C项符合语境。
16.(2011·浙江卷,17)—Can I come and have a look at your new house?
—Yes, ________!
A.with pleasure B.I like it
C.I quite agree D.by all means
答案:D。考查情景交际。句意:——我可以来看看你的新房子吗?——当然可以。with pleasure十分乐意, 乐意帮忙; I like it我喜欢;I quite agree我非常赞同;by all means当然可以。结合语境可知D项正确。
17.(2011·浙江卷,20)—I don't think I'll be able to go mountain-climbing tomorrow.
—________?
A.And how B.How come
C.How's it going D.How about it
答案:B 考查情景交际。句意:——我认为我明天不能去爬山了。——为什么?And how当然啦 ;对,正确,是这样的 ; How come怎么会这样?为什么;How's it going怎么样,近来好吗;How about it这个怎么样,怎么样。结合语境可知B项正确。
18.(2011·辽宁卷,35)—I probably shouldn't have any more cake.
—Oh,______.It won't kill you.
A.go ahead B.hold on, please
C.you're welcome D.that'll do
答案:A。本题考查情景交际。句意:——我不应当再吃蛋糕了。——吃吧,药不死你的。go ahead“吃吧,用吧”,等意思,用于鼓励某人干某事;hold on, please“别挂断”,电话用语;you're welcome不用谢,是thank you的答语;that'll do“那会起作用”。
19.(2011·福建卷,35)—My teacher says she's canceling the class play.I just can't understand.
—______.You were looking forward to it.
A.It doesn't matterB.It's very unwise of her
C.Don't worry about itC.You must be disappointed21世纪教育网
答案:D。本题考查交际用语。句意:——我老师说她要取消课堂剧。我就是不明白。——你肯定失望了。你一直盼着呢。 It doesn't matter.没关系,不要紧;It's very unwise of her.她很不明智;Don't worry about it.别担心;You must be disappointed.你肯定失望了。由后置语境You were looking forward to it.可知D项正确。
20.(2011·安徽卷,23)—Oh, you sounded just like a native.
—________. I still have trouble expressing myself.
A. Well, not quite B.I don't care
C. Yes, you're right D. I'm glad you like it
答案:A。考查语境应用。句意:——噢,你(的口音)听起来像本地人。——噢,也不完全是这样。我在自我表达方面还有困难。A项意为“不是很……;不完全是……”;B项意为“我不在乎”;C项意为“你是对的”;D项意为“你能喜欢我很高兴”。
21. (2011·安徽卷,29)—You can have a pet dog, but suppose you get bored with it in a few days? ________?
—We won't, we promise!
A. Then what B. All right
C. How come D. So what
答案:A。考查语境应用。句意:——你可以养一条宠物狗,但假如几天以后你就养够了,然后你会怎么办?——我们发誓,不会的。A项意为“然后怎么办”;B项意为“可以”;C项意为“为什么”;D项意为“那又怎么样”。
22.(2011·安徽卷,35)—We got here Tuesday afternoon.
—________Why didn't you call us earlier?
A. Good luck!B. You did?
C. It's no surprise.D. You are welcome.
答案:B。考查语境。句意:——我们星期二下午来这儿的。——是吗?为什么不早点给我们打电话?A项意为“祝你好运!”B项意为“真的?”相当于Did you really do/say it?“你真的做了(说了)某事吗?”C项意为“并不奇怪。”D项意为“没什么。”用于对Thank you!的回答。
23.(2011·陕西卷,18)—Jack,you seem in high spirits.
—________We won the match 4-0.
A. Guess what? B. So what?
C. No wonder. D. No doubt.
答案:A。考查情景交际。句意:——杰克,你看起来很兴奋。——你猜怎么着,我们以4:0赢得比赛了。 guess what你猜怎么着,引出令人惊奇或激动的事;so what“那又怎么了”,认为某事无关紧要,尤用于反驳别人指责时;no wonder难怪;no doubt毫无疑问,显然A项符合语境。21世纪教育网
24.(2011·陕西卷,21)—We can give you a ride into town.
—________Thank you.
A. Yes,why not? B. Oh,it would be my pleasure.
C. Yes,please. D. Oh,that would be great.
答案:D。考查情景交际。句意:——我们可以载你一程进城。——那太好了,谢谢!A项:好啊,为何不呢?B项:哦,不客气;C项:好的,请;D项:那太好了。显然D项符合语境。
25.(2011·江西,21)—We need three single rooms for the first week in June.
—________. The hotel's not busy then.
A.No problem B.Don't bother
C.Never mind D.It doesn't matter
答案:A。本题考查情景交际。句意:——我们需要订六月份第一周的三个单人房间。——没问题。那时旅馆不忙。no problem.没问题;don't bother.别担心;never mind.没关系;it doesn't matter.没关系,不要紧。
26.(2010·全国卷Ⅰ)—Everybody is going to climb the mountain.Can I go too,mom?
—______ Wait till you are old enough,dear.
A.Will you? B.Why not?
C.I hope so. D.I'm afraid not.
答案:D。考查交际用语。根据空后的答语“Wait till you are old enough,dear.”可知答句句意应为:你现在还太小,不能去爬山。因此应选择表示拒绝的答语,故选D。
27.(2010·全国卷Ⅰ)—Was he sorry for what he'd done?
—______.
A.No wonder B.Well done
C.Not really D.Go ahead
答案:C。考查交际用语。句意:——他对自己的所作所为后悔吗?——不太后悔。not really表示否定,语气较弱,符合语境。no wonder“难怪,怪不得”;well done“做得不错”; go ahead“继续,接着”,均不符合语境。因此答案为C。
28. (2010·全国卷Ⅱ)—Is it all right if I keep this photo?
—______.
A.No,you don't B.No,it shouldn't
C.I'm afraid not D.Don't keep it
答案:C。考查交际用语。说话人委婉地拒绝了对方的请求。A、B两项说法不正确;D项不符合英语习惯;C项是正规的客套用语。
29. (2010·全国卷Ⅱ)—Can I help you?Are you looking for anything in particular today?
—______.We're just looking.
A.Yes,please B.No,thank you
C.Yes,you can D.No,you needn't
答案:B。考查交际用语。根据答语的第二句可知空格处表示的是否定含义,同时又是礼貌的谢绝。
30.(2010·重庆卷)—Honey,let's go out for dinner.
—______ I don't have to cook.
A.Forget it! B.That's great!
C.Why? D.Go ahead.
答案:B。考查交际用语。由题干中的“I don’t have to cook.”可以看出,应答者十分赞成这个提议,故B项符合语境。
31.(2010·重庆卷)—Have you played baseball before?We need one more player.
—______.I like ball games,so I believe it will be fun to learn baseball.[来源:21世纪教育网]
A.Sometimes B.Not really
C.Never mind D.That's cool
答案:B。考查交际用语。not really在此意为“事实上没有”。
32.(2010·江西卷)—Do you enjoy your present job?
—______.I just do it for a living.
A.Of course B.Not really
C.Not likely D.Not a little
答案:B。考查情景交际。句意:——你喜欢目前的工作吗?——不是真的(喜欢)。我只是以此谋生而己。of course“当然”,not really“不是真的”,not likely“不太可能”,not a little“非常”。
33.(2010·辽宁卷)—I’ll do the washing-up.Jack,would you please do the floors?
—______.
A.Yes,please B.No,I don’t
C.Yes,sure D.No,not at all
答案:C。考查交际英语。第一个人说,“我来洗餐具。杰克,你来拖地板,好吗?”答语为“当然可以”。根据语境选C项。
34. (2010·安徽卷)—Do you know if Linda is willing to take charge of the program?
—______,does it?
A.It takes no time B.It counts for nothing
C.It doesn’t hurt to ask D.It doesn’t make sense
答案:C。考查交际用语。根据答语中的反意疑问部分可知前半句是否定句,由此可排除前两项。C项的意思是“问一下没关系”,符合语境。
35. (2010·安徽卷)—______?21世纪教育网
—That would be great!Please drop me off at the library.
A.Could you bring me the bill
B.Would you like me to give you a lift
C.Could you tell me the postcode for Paris
D.Would you like to have my e-mail address
答案:B。考查交际用语。答语的第二句提到说话人想让对方在图书馆处让其下车,由此可知对方想让说话人搭便车。
36.(2010·天津卷)—Excuse me,I wonder if you can help me?
—Sure.______?
A.What help B.What is this
C.What is it D.What do you want
答案:C。考查交际英语。句意:——打扰一下,你能帮我吗?——当然可以。帮什么忙?C项符合语境,其中it指代谈话双方都知道的事情。
37.(2010·天津卷)—Professor Johnson,I'm afraid I can't finish the report within this week.
—______.How about next week?
A.Good for you B.It won't bother me
C.Not at all D.That's OK
答案:D。考查交际用语。That’s OK表示理解和宽容,意为“那没关系”。Not at all是感谢的应答语。
38.(2010·山东卷)—Do you think you could do without help?
—______.This is not the first time for me.
A.Take care B.Hurry up
C.Not exactly D.Don't worry
答案:D。考查交际用语。从问句“你认为没有帮助你自己能做吗?”来看,问话人对对方不大放心。而答语的第二句“这不是我第一次(做这件事)了”表明答话人是在告诉问话人:不用担心。故选D。A项意为“小心”;B项意为“赶快”;C项意为“不完全如此”。
39.(2010·山东卷)—Her father is very rich.
—______ She wouldn't accept his help even if it were offered.
A.What for? B.So what?
C.No doubt. D.No wonder.
答案:B。考查交际用语。句意:——她爸爸很有钱。——那又怎样?即使她爸爸提供帮助她也不接受。根据句意选B项,意为:那又怎么样呢?A项意为“为什么?”;C项意为“毫无疑问”;D项意为“怪不得”。
40.(2010·四川卷)—Here’s your change.
—______.
A.Thank you B.Don’t mention it
C.No problem D.With pleasure
答案:A。考查交际用语。句意:——找您的钱。——谢谢。Don’t mention it.“别客气,不算什么”,是对别人道谢时的答语;No problem.“没问题”;With pleasure.“非常乐意,没问题”,是接受别人请求时的应答用语。
41.(2010·四川卷)—I’m sorry.That wasn’t of much help.
—Oh,______.As a matter of fact,it was most helpful.
A.sure it was B.it doesn’t matter
C.of course not D.thanks anyway
答案:A。考查交际用语。句意:——很抱歉,这没多大帮助。——这的确有帮助,实际上这十分有用。
42.(2010·陕西卷)—What's the noise?It sounds as if it comes from upstairs.
—______.It must be the window-cleaner working next door.
A.I'm not sure B.I hope not
C.I'd rather not D.I don't think so
答案:D。考查交际用语。说话人判断那噪音好像来自楼上,而答话人很肯定地说是隔壁清洁工擦窗户的声音,由此可判断出答话人不同意对方的看法,选D项,意为“我认为不是这样的”。A项表示没有把握,B项表示“希望不是如此”,C项表示不情愿干某事。
43.(2010·陕西卷)—What a fine day!Shall we go picnicking?
—______.But we need to be home before six o'clock for the football match.
A.Have a nice time B.Pardon me
C.That's great D.You are right
答案:C。考查交际用语。从后面的转折“但我们需要在六点前赶回家看足球赛”可知,答话人已经同意接受对方的邀请。C项“好极了”符合语境。A项“祝你玩得开心”,表示祝愿;B项“原谅我”在请求对方原谅时用;D项“你说得对”表示同意对方的看法。
44.(2010·江苏卷)—Do you think their table tennis team will win the first place at the coming Asian Games?
—______.Ours is much stronger than theirs.
A.Of course B.It depends
C.Don’t mention it D.By no means
答案:D。考查交际用语。根据答语的后一句可知答话人认为我们的乒乓球队比他们的更强,所以他们的乒乓球队绝不可能在即将到来的亚运会上获得第一名,by no means表示“绝不”。C项用来回答别人的感谢,意为“不客气”。
45.(2010·浙江卷)—How about camping this weekend,just for a change?
—OK,______you want.
A.whichever B.however
C.whatever D.whoever
答案:C。考查情景交际。句意:——周末野营怎么样,换换口味?——好的,你想干啥咱就干啥。此处whatever表示“无论什么”,作want的宾语,故选C项。
46.(2010·浙江卷)—Would she mind playing against her former teammates?
—______She is willing to play against any tough players.
A.I think so. B.I’m not surprised.
C.Of course. D.Not likely!
答案:D。考查情景交际。从答语的第二句可知,她敢于挑战任何强大的对手,故“她不介意(与她的前队友比赛)”,所以只有D项“不可能”符合语境。
47. (2009·四川卷)—May I open the window to let in some fresh air?
—______
A. Come on. B. Take care.
C. Go ahead! D. Hold on!
答案:C。此题考查交际用语。A项“快点”;B项“当心”;C项“去吧(做你要做的事情)”;D项“继续坚持;别挂断电话”。联系语境可知,答话人同意问话人打开窗户。故C项正确。
48. (2009·四川卷)—Would you please help me with the box?
—______.
A. Yes, please B. No, please don't
C. With pleasure D. My pleasure
答案:C。考查交际用语。根据语境看,问话人想寻求帮助。所以先排除选项A和B;D项是回答对方表示感谢的客套语,意思是“是我高兴做的事;不客气”;C项表示乐意帮助别人,故C项符合语境。
49. (2009·江苏卷)—Bill, can I get you anything to drink?
—______.
A. You are welcomeB. No problem
C. I wouldn't mind a coffeeD. Doesn't matter
答案:C。考查交际用语。A项是答谢用语,意为“不用谢”;B项可以用来表示答谢(不客气)或同意对方请求(没问题;小事一桩);D项“没关系”。根据语境可知,答话人希望能喝点咖啡,故C项符合语境。
50. (2009·全国卷)—It looks heavy. Can I give you a hand?
—______.
A. No, thanks B. Yes, my pleasure
C. No, never mind D. Yes, I do
答案:A。考查拒绝帮助的应答语。问话者想给对方提供帮助,答话者要么接受,要么拒绝。英语中这类题目首先要考虑到礼貌用语,故A项符合语境。
51. (2009·江西卷)—Thank you for your MP4 player. I'll get Mary to take it to you soon.
—______. I've bought a new one.
A. No sense B. No hurry
C. No way D. No use
答案:B。根据句意知借出MP4者已买了另一新的MP4,所以并不急着等对方归还。no sense 与 no use均为“没有意义,没用”的意思,no way 是“没门,不可能”,只有B项符合题意。
52. (2009·山东卷)—John and I will celebrate our fortieth wedding anniversary next month.
—Oh, ______!
A. cheer up B. well done
C. go ahead D. congratulations
答案:D。cheer up“振作起来”;well done“做得不错”;go ahead“干吧”;congratulations“祝贺”。
53. (2009·浙江卷)—Hey, you haven't been acting like yourself. Everything OK?
—______.
A. I'm fine, thanks B. Sure, it is
C. That's good D. It's OK
答案:A。Everything OK?相当于Are you OK?表示对对方身体状况的关心。一般疑问句的答语要用Yes或No,或使用与它相当的词,所以这里选用A项。
54. (2009·浙江卷)—Do you want another drink?
—______.
A. I don't think so B. No way
C. Not at all D. I wouldn't say no
答案:D。考查交际用语的。委婉表达。“如果可以的话我并不反对”。
55. (2009·重庆卷)—Ken, ______, but your TV is going too loud.
—Oh, I'm sorry. I'll turn it down right now.21世纪教育网
A. I'd like to talk with youB. I'm really tired of this
C. I hate to say thisD. I need your help
答案:C。考查交际用语。选C表示说话人本不愿小题大做,实在是无法忍受,才提出了自己的要求,也希望对方能够理解。
56. (2009·天津卷)—We're organizing a party next Saturday, and I'd like you to come.
—______! I have another one that day. Thank you just the same.
A. Good luck B. What a pity
C. Never do it again D. Well done
答案:B。考查情景交际。对方邀请“我”参加一个聚会,而“我”那天有另外一个聚会,不能去,这很遗憾。good luck祝你好运;what a pity真遗憾;never do it again不要在这样做了;well done 干得好。只有B符合语境。
57. (2009·天津卷)—Putting on a happy face not only helps us make friends but also makes us feel better.
—______.
A. I'd love to B. I'm with you on that
C . It's up to you D. It's my pleasure
答案:B。考查情景交际。句意:一张笑脸不仅能够帮助我们结交朋友,而且能使我们自己感觉更好。I'd love to 我愿意;I'm with you on that 我同意这一点;It's up to you这由你来决定;It's my pleasure 这是我的荣幸。根据句意,选B。
58. (2009·山东卷)—Poor Steve! I could hardly recognize him just now!21世纪教育网
—______. He has changed so much.
A. Never mind B. No problem
C. Not at all D. Me, neither
答案:D。本题考查交际用语。Me, neither,在这儿相当于Neither could me.我也没认出来。
59. (2009·陕西卷)—Have you finished your first paper?
—______. Just half of it. How about you?
A. Not at all B. Not likely
C. Not a bit D. Not yet
答案:D。考查交际用语。not at all“一点也不,根本不”;not likely“不可能”;not a bit“非常,很,极其”;not yet“还没有”。根据应答句中的just half of it可知此处选D。
60. (2009·全国卷)—Do you mind my opening the window? It's a bit hot in here.
—______, as a matter of fact.
A. Go ahead B. Yes, my pleasure
C. Yes, I do D. Come on
答案:C。此题考查交际用语。根据as a matter of fact被问的人表示介意,所以用C选项做出肯定回答。Go ahead请继续;Yes, my pleasure 这是我的荣幸;Come on加油。
61. (2009·辽宁卷)—Is it OK if I take this seat?
—Sorry, ______.
A. here you are B. take it
C. it's taken D. never mind
答案:C。此题考查情景交际。根据“Sorry”可知座位已经被占了。因此选C. it's taken; here you are “给你”; take it“坐去吧”; never mind“不要紧”。都不符合题意。
62. (2009·辽宁卷)—Sorry, do you mind if I smoke here?
—Yes, ______.
A. you could B. go ahead
C. I do D. my pleasure
答案:C。此题考查情景交际。根据“Yes”可知,被问者介意,即不同意。其它选项都不符合题意。
63. (2009·福建卷)—Bruce, I really appreciate your handwriting.
—______.
A. I practice every dayB. Thank you very much
C. No, I don't think soD. Well, it's not good enough
答案:B。考查交际用语。根据句子的意思,第一个人对于Bruce的书法是很羡慕的,实际上是对他的一种赞赏,所以回答的时候要表示一种感谢。故选B。
64.(2011·天津十二区县联考一,1)—My family usually holds a big party for my birthday, but I want to try a different way this year.
—________
A.It's your business.B.Come along!
C.Like what?D.So what?
答案:C。句意:——我的家人通常为我举行盛大的生日聚会,但今年我想尝试一种不同的方式。——像什么样的?考查情景交际。Like what “像什么样的”符合语境。A.It's your business那是你自己的事;B.Come along一起来,出现,进展;D.So what那又怎么样。
65.(2011·重庆二诊,21)—Carol, do you want to play with me?
—________. I had a really rough day at school.
A.I don't care B.That's true
C.No hurry D.Not now
答案:D。句意:——Carol,你想和我一起玩吗?——不是现在,今天在学校确实很辛苦。考查情景交际。从答句中的语境“我今天在学校忙了一整天了”可知是太累了,现在没心思玩,故选D。
66.(2011·重庆二诊,35)—Can I have some sugar for my tea?
—Yes, of course. Do you still want some milk?
—No, thanks. ________.
A.You are very kindB.That's right
C.That will doD.Don't mention it
答案:C。句意:——我可以在茶里加点糖吗?——当然可以,你还想要点牛奶吗?——不用了,谢谢,加点糖就可以了。考查情景交际。That will do.那样就行了。
67.(2011·东北三省四市联考,21)—Nancy, what classes are you taking this term?
—________I want to take two English courses, or maybe Spanish.
A.What's up?B.It's none of your business.
C.I've no idea.D.I'm not sure yet.
答案:D。句意:——Nancy,这个学期你要学什么课程?——我还没有决定,我想参加两个英语课程,或者西班牙语。考查情景交际。根据答语后半部分意思知其不是不知道什么,而是没确定下来要做什么。故选D:我不确定。A:怎么了/发生什么啦/出什么事了?B:不关你的事。C:我不知道。易错选C。I've no idea.=I don't know.和答句后半句矛盾。
68.(2011·东北三校二模,35)—Here is a new edition of Crazy English. Do you want to look at it?
—________! Let me see it.
A.By and byB.Not really
C.Mind your own businessD.By all means
答案:D。句意:——这是《疯狂英语》的新版本,你想看看吗?——当然,让我看看。考查情景交际。by all means尽一切办法,一定;by and by不久。易错选B。误解了not really的概念。not really远不,不完全是。
69.(2011·沈阳二模,15)—Mom, I have passed the driving test!
—________!
A.Good for you B.Good luck
C.Cheer up D.Go ahead
答案:A。句意:——妈妈,我通过了驾照考试!——太棒了!考查情景交际。由语境可知妈妈为孩子通过驾照考试感到高兴,故选A(太好了,太棒了)。Good luck“祝你好运”,用于“事先”的祝愿;Cheer up振作起来;Go ahead 同意或鼓励对方做某事。
70.(2011·石家庄二模,6)—Would you be so kind as to take this heavy box upstairs for me?
—________
A.It's my pleasure.B.Help yourself.
C.Sure, with pleasure.D.Take your time.
答案:C。句意:——你能不能帮我把这个大箱子拿到楼上去?——当然,十分乐意。考查情景交际。with pleasure是对别人的请求表示同意的应答语。It's my pleasure.是对别人向自己表示感谢时的应答语。
71.(2011·太原基础知识测试,21)—I'd like to take a week's holiday.
—________. We're too busy.[来源:21世纪教育网]
A.No problem B.Go on
C.Good idea D.Forget it
答案:D。句意:——我想请一周假。——算了,我们太忙了。考查情景交际。Forget it“算了,罢了,休想”。No problem“没问题”,表示欣然答应别人的请求;Go on“继续”;Good idea“好主意”,表示赞同对方的想法。
72.(2011·河南示范高中适应性测试,31)—Can you keep an eye on my bag, Jack? I just want to use the bathroom.
—________. It'll be safe with me.
A.I think so B.It's my pleasure
C.Go ahead D.You're welcome
答案:C。句意:——Jack,你能帮我照看一下包吗?我想去一下洗手间。——去吧,有我在你的包会很安全的。考查情景交际。Go ahead“去吧”符合语境。
73.(2011·河南示范高中适应性测试,35)—Wow, what a beautiful hat you are wearing!
—________. My father bought me yesterday.
A.Don't say that B.No, not at all
C.Thanks a lot D.You're kidding21世纪教育网
答案:C。句意:——哇,你戴的帽子好漂亮啊!——谢谢,我父亲昨天给我买的。考查情景交际。按照英语习惯,对别人的赞扬应该表示感谢,故选C。
74.(2011·济南4月模拟,21)—My name is Nison. Shall I spell it for you?
—________.
A.No problem B.Nice to meet you
C.You are welcome D.If you don't mind
答案:D。句意:——我的名字叫Nison,需要我为你拼写出来吗?——如果你不介意的话。考查情景交际。If you don't mind.如果你不介意的话。No problem.“没问题”,表示欣然答应对方的请求;Nice to meet you.“见到你很高兴”,为见面时的客套话:You are welcome.“不客气”,是别人向你表示感谢时的应答语。
75.(2011·济南4月模拟,35)—How about 9?30 tomorrow morning?
—________. I will be free all day.
A.That suits me fineB.It doesn't matter
C.That's all rightD.Go ahead
答案:A。句意:——明天上午9?30怎么样?——这个时间很适合我,我一整天都有时间。考查情景交际。That suits me fine.这个时间很适合我。It doesn't matter.没关系,用于回答别人的道歉;That's all right.“没关系,不用谢”,用于回答别人的道歉或感谢;Go ahead.用于鼓励对方做某事。
76.(2011·济南一模,21)—Do you like cooking, Sally?
—________. Luckily, I've never had to worry about it.
A.Never mind B.Not really
C.I don't agree D.You said it
答案:B。句意:——Sally,你喜欢烹饪吗?——并非完全如此。幸运的是,我到现在为止从不用担心这事。考查情景交际。not really“并不是真的如此”。
77.(2011·江南十校二模,35)—Could you like to go for a walk with me on this lovely spring morning?
—________?
A.What for B.How come21世纪教育网
C.Why not D.What if
答案:C。句意:——你愿意在这个可爱的春天的早晨和我一起散步吗?——当然可以。考查情景交际。接受别人的邀请,用why not?(同意对方提议的应答语)。what for“为什么”?how come“怎么会这样呢”;what if“倘若……怎么样”。
78.(2011·江南十校联考,35)—Do you mind me putting your photo on the Internet?
—________.
A.Yes, go ahead, pleaseB.No, I do mind
C.I'd rather you didn'tD.No, I'd love to
答案:C。句意:——你介意我把你的照片放在网上吗?——我宁愿你别这样做。考查交际用语。I'd rather you didn't语气较委婉地回答了问句。
79.(2011·皖南八校第三次联考,29)—I am afraid I've broken your chair.
—________. I can easily get it fixed.
A.Don't mention it B.That's right
C.Not at all D.Never mind
答案:D。句意:——我怕我已经把你的椅子弄坏了。——没关系,我能很容易地把它修好。考查情景交际。Never mind“不要紧,没关系”符合语境。Don't mention it不用谢,是对别人表示感谢时的应答语;That's right那是对的;Not at all别客气,是回答别人感谢的应答语。易错选C、B。认为Not at all是用来回答别人道歉的用语而误选C;把That's right误认为是That's all right而误选B。
80.(2011·合肥第三次质检,21)—I really had a wonderful time at the party last night.
—________.
A.Oh, that's very nice of youB.Congratulations
C.It's a pleasureD.Oh, I'm glad to hear that
答案:D。句意:——在昨晚的宴会上我真的过得很愉快。——哦,听你这么说我很高兴。考查情景交际。
81.(2011·合肥市第二次质检,21)—Excuse me, could you tell me where I could make a call?
—Sorry, I'm a stranger here.
—________.
A.Thanks a lot B.Thanks anyway
C.That's a pity D.I'm sorry to hear that
答案:B。句意:——打扰一下,你能告诉我哪个地方能打电话吗?——抱歉,我对这里不熟悉。——还是很谢谢你。考查情景交际。尽管对方没有帮上忙,出于礼节依然表示感谢时用Thank you/Thanks anyway.或Thank you/Thanks all the same.
82.(2011·南京二模,35)—Is your present pension sufficient to cover your cost of living?
—Enough and to spare. ________
A.I can't complain.B.Serve me right!
C.I've had enough of it.D.I can't be too particular.
答案:A。句意:——你目前的退休金是否足够支付你的生活消费?——绰绰有余。我不能抱怨。考查情景交际。enough and to spare“绰绰有余,很多,有余”。
83.(2011·杭州质检二,8)—My God! I haven't prepared the files for the new project yet!
—________. The boss won't need it until next Friday.
A.There's no doubt B.There's no panic
C.Good luck D.Sounds good
答案:B。句意:——天哪!我还没有准备新项目的文件!——不用慌,老板到下周五才需要它。考查情景交际。There's no panic.不要惊慌,不必惊慌。
84.(2011·杭州质检二,18)—Mom, I'm going to the graduation dance tonight but I don't think I look attractive enough.
—Oh, darling, don't worry. ________
A.They don't know what beauty is.B.Nobody will care about it.
C.You look perfect the way you are.D.Impossible is nothing.
答案:C。句意:——妈妈,我打算今晚去参加毕业舞会,但我认为我看起来不能足够地吸引人。——哦,亲爱的,别担心,你现在这身打扮看起来很完美。考查情景交际。You look perfect the way you are.(你现在的样子看起来很完美。)符合语境。
85.(2011·桂林一模,21)—May I look at the menu for a little while?
—Of course, ________, Sir.
A.enjoy yourself B.it doesn't matter
C.take your time D.don't worry
答案:C。句意:——我可以再看一会儿菜单吗?——当然可以,先生,别着急。考查情景交际。take your time慢慢来。为饭店服务时的客气话或提醒对方悠着点儿、别着急的场合。enjoy yourself“过得快乐,玩得开心”;it doesn't matter“没关系”,用于回答别人的道歉;don't worry“别着急”,用于安慰对方。
86.(2011·桂林一模,35)—Excuse me, Dad, but I am going to the club to meet my friends in the football team.
—OK. ________.
A.Have fun B.Congratulations
C.With pleasure D.Good luck
答案:A。句意:——对不起,爸爸,我打算去俱乐部见一下我足球队的朋友们。
——好的,玩得开心点儿。
考查情景交际。Have fun/enjoy yourself“玩得开心”。congratulations 用于祝贺对方;with pleasure用于回答别人的请求;good luck为别人参加比赛/考试时的祝愿。
87.(2011·乌鲁木齐二诊,31)—What kind of food would you like to eat?
—________
A.Anything but Japanese.B.Chinese food or Korean?
C.How about Italian?D.Either is OK.
答案:A。句意:——你想吃什么食物?——除了日本的什么都行。考查情景交际。anything but“单单除……之外,根本不”。问句中的what为泛指,故D项错误,因为没有选择对象;问句为疑问句,答句除非是像“Why not?”这样表示同意对方意见的结构,一般不能再是疑问句,故排除B、C。
88.(2011·乌鲁木齐二诊,34)—I'm going to a lecture.
—________
—The sandstorm and its damage.
A.Me, too. B.So am I.
C.About what? D.Why to?
答案:C。句意:——我打算去听演讲。——什么演讲?——沙尘暴及其危害。考查情景交际。由上下语境可知C项正确,承上启下,逻辑衔接紧密。
89.(2011·成都三诊,19)—Albert, I have a favor to ask you.
—________.
A.Go ahead B.It's a pleasure
C.Help yourself D.It doesn't matter
答案:A。句意:——Albert,我想请你帮个忙。——说吧,帮什么忙。考查情景交际。go ahead鼓励对方做某事,意为“干吧,做吧,说吧,继续吧”等。
90.(2011·成都三诊,1)—When shall I go to the meeting?
—________. You may go right now or leave for it in a few mintues.
A.It's hard to sayB.It's up to you
C.It's a waste of timeD.It's all right
答案:B。句意:——我什么时候去参加会议?——由你决定。你可以马上就去或者过几分钟再去。考查情景交际。It's up to you.由你决定。根据答语中or可以判断出是you来做主。其他选项均不符合语境。
91.(2011·昆明质检,11)—Do you mind if I close the window? It's a bit cold outside.
—________
A.Let me see.B.No, why not?
C.Yes, that'll be better.D.Yes, go ahead.
答案:B。句意:——你不介意我把窗户关上吧?外面有点冷。——不介意,关上吧。考查情景交际。问句中的核心词是mind(介意),答句是针对mind来回答的,介意是yes,不介意是no。why not?表示同意对方观点,故选B。
92. (2011·厦门适应性考试,21)—Sorry to have disturbed you.
—________. You didn't mean to, did you?
A. Up to you B. Forget it
C. All right D. You'd better not
答案:B。考查交际英语。Forget it“没关系,不必在意”,回答别人的道歉。Up to you“取决于你”;All right“好的”,相当于OK;You'd better not“最好不要”。
93. (2011·南平适应性考试,21) —Goodbye, Mary, please remember me to your parents.
—________.
A.My pleasureB.That's all right
C.Thanks, I willD.What a good idea
答案:C。考查交际英语。由第一句话“请带我向你父母问好”可知,选C,意为“谢谢你,我会的(带你向我父母问好)。”A项意为“那是我应该做的”,回答别人的感谢;B项既可回答别人的感谢,又可回答别人的道歉;D项“这是一个好主意”,回答别人的提议并表示同意。
94.(2011·宜宾适应性测试,2)—I think you should say sorry to Nancy.
—________. It's not my fault.
A.No problem B.No trouble
C.That's OK D.No way
答案:D。考查交际英语。句意:——我认为你应当对南希道歉。——没门,那不是我的错。由句意可知选D项,意为“没门”。
95.(2011·宜宾适应性测试,18)—Everybody is going to climb the mountain.Can I go too, mom?
—________ Wait till you are old enough, dear.
A.Will you? B.Why not?
C.I hope so. D.I' m afraid not.
答案:D。考查交际英语。由答语“Wait till you are old enough, dear.”可知,选D项表示委婉的拒绝。
96. (2011·宁波模拟,1)—Betty was feeling pretty blue for a while, but she's better now.
—________.
A. Oh, that's kind of you B. Congratulations
C. Oh, I'm glad to hear thatD. It's my pleasure
答案:C。考查交际英语。由第一句话“Betty曾经心情低落沮丧,但是她现在感觉好多了”可知,选C“听到这个消息,我很高兴”。A项意为“你真是太好了”;B项意为“恭喜恭喜”;D项意为“这是我应该做的”。
97. (2011·南通三模,35)—Frank, I've learned your plan. Could I make some suggestions?
—________.
A. Just for fun B. Go right ahead
C. With pleasureD. Take it easy
答案:B。考查交际英语。Go right ahead“说吧”;Just for fun“只是为了好玩”;With pleasure“乐意效劳”;Take it easy“放轻松,别紧张”。
98. (2011·辽宁网上诊断联考,21) —Jacob was kicked out of the football team.
—________ He drinks and smokes too much.
A. How come? B. What for?
C. It can't be true. D. Not surprising.
答案:D。根据回答者后面说的“He drinks and smokes too much.” 我们可以看出他/她对Jacob被驱逐出足球队早就有了心理准备。
99.(2011·漳州质检,33)—I'd like to spend my weekend in Xiamen, but I have some problems with transportation.
—________. I'll drive my Mum's car.
A. What if B. Take your time
C. What a pity D. It's no big deal
答案:D。考查交际英语。句意:——我要到厦门度周末,但是我没有交通工具。——这不是问题。我会开我母亲的车去。由句意可知选D项,意为“这没什么大不了的”;what if“要是……怎么办”;take your time“别着急,慢慢来”;what a pity“真遗憾”。
100.(2011·西安第三次质检,16)—________.
—Thank you, I certainly will.
A. Happy birthday to you B. Please remember me to your mum
C. Let me help you with your math D. Don't forget to post the letter
答案:B。考查交际英语。由答语可知,选B项,意为“记得带我向你妈妈问好”。
101. (2011·西安第三次质检,20)—Say, Jane, will you come with me to the game Friday?
—________, Bob, but I promised Mary I'd go with her.
A. Forget it B. Thanks
C. Take it easy D. My pleasure
答案:B。考查交际英语。答语句意:谢谢,可是我答应了玛丽我要和她一起去。
102.(2011·德阳三诊,1)—If you break the rules again, you are sure to be punished.
—________? I don' t care.
A.What if B.How come
C.What forD.So what
答案:D。考查交际英语。由答语“I don' t care”可知,选D项,意为“那又怎么样?”;What if“要是……怎么办?”;How come“为什么?”;What for“为何目的”。
第1章 专题1名词
1.(2011·湖北卷,21)“Tommy,run! Be quick! The house is on fire!” the mother shouted,with ________ clearly in her voice.
A.anger B.rudeness
C.regret D.panic
答案:D。本题考查名词辨析。句意:“汤米,跑!快点儿!房子着火了!”妈妈大喊,嗓音中明显地带着恐慌。选项anger“生气”;rudeness“粗鲁”;regret“遗憾”;panic“恐慌”。根据妈妈的喊话可以确定这是个令人恐慌的语境。[来源:21世纪教育网]
2.(2011·湖北卷,22)Giving up my job to go back to full-time education was a big ________,but now I know it was the best decision I ever made.
A.project B.commitment
C.competition D.ambition
答案:B。本题考查名词辨析。句意:放弃工作再回到全日制教育中去是一个很大的挑战,但是现在看来,那是我做出的最好的决定。project“工程”;commitment“重担,义务”;competition“竞争”;ambition “野心”。根据语境来看,一项不容易去做的事情常被看作是挑战,难以完成的任务或重担。
3.(2011·四川,13)Always remember to put such dangerous things as knives out of children's ________.
A.touch B.sight
C.reach D.distance
答案:C。本题考查名词辨析。句意:一定要记住,把那些像刀子一类危险的东西放在孩子们够不着的地方。out of one's reach为常用短语:在某人够不着的地方。21世纪教育网
4.(2011·山东,34) There's a ________ in our office that when it's somebody's birthday, they bring in a cake for us all to share.
A. tradition B. balance
C. concern D. relationship
答案:A。本题考查名词的用法。句意:我们办公室有一个惯例,当有人过生日时,他们要带来一个蛋糕供我们大家分享。tradition“惯例,习惯”;balance“平衡”;concern“关心”;relationship“关系”。根据句意,A项正确。
5.(2011·江苏,27)Teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional________.
A.consequence B.independence
C.competence D.intelligence
答案:C。本题考查名词词义辨析。句意:老师得经常更新他们的知识以保持他们的专业能力。consequence “结果;后果”;independence“独立”;competence“能力”;intelligence“智力”。由句意可知C项正确。
6.(2011·浙江,18)Anyway, I can't cheat him—it's against all my ________.[来源:21世纪教育网]
A.emotions B.principles
C.regulations D.opinions
答案:B。考查名词辨析。句意:无论如何,我不能骗他,那违背我的原则。emotion“情感”;principle “原则”;regulation “规章,制度”; opinion“观点,看法”。结合句意可知B项正确。
7.(2011·福建,26)The lack of eco-friendly habits among the public is thought to be a major ______of global climate change.
A.result B.cause
C.warning D.reflection
答案:B。本题考查名词词义的辨析。句意:公众中缺乏不损害生态环境的习惯被认为是全球气候变化的一个主要原因。result“结果”;cause“起因”;warning“警告,告诫”;reflection“反映”。由句意可知B项正确。
8.(2010·江西,31)What's the ________, in your opinion, of helping him if he doesn't make an effort to help himself?
A.sympathy B.theme
C.object D.point
答案:D。本题考查名词词义辨析。句意:如果他自己都不努力帮助他自己,你认为帮助他有什么意义呢?sympathy “慈悲,怜悯”;theme“主题”;object“对象,目标,物体”;point“意义,目的”。
9.(2010·江西卷)Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving licence reached 200,000,a(n) ______ of 40,000 per year.
A.average B.number
C.amount D.quantity
答案:A。考查名词辨析。句意:去年考过驾照的考生人数达到了20万,平均每年4万。an average of“平均是”。
10. (2010·安徽卷)I haven’t seen Sara since she was a little girl,and she has changed beyond______.
A.hearing B.strength
C.recognition D.measure
答案:C。考查名词辨析。根据前一分句的内容可知她变得让人“辨认”不出来了。
11.(2010·湖北卷)This restaurant has become popular for its wide ______ of foods that suit all tastes and pockets.
A.division B.area
C.range D.circle
答案:C。考查名词辨析。foods后面的定语从句that suit all tastes and pockets(适合各种口味和消费层次)说明该饭店的食物多种多样,所以,应该用range。而A项division是“划分,分开”的意思;B项area是“区域”的意思,D项circle则是“圆圈,环”的意思,显然A、B和D项不合题意。
12.(2010·湖北卷)After the earthquake,the first thing the local government did was to provide ______ for the homeless families.
A.accommodation B.occupation
C.equipment D.furniture
答案:A。考查名词辨析。句意:地震之后,当地政府首先做的事情是为无家可归的家庭提供住所。既然是“无家可归”,所以要解决的应该是“住所”,A项合适。B项是“职业”;C项是“设备”;D项是“家具”,后三项显然不是灾民所急需的。
13.(2010·天津卷)James took the magazines off the little table to make ______ for the television.
A.room B.area
C.field D.position
答案:A。考查短语。make room for是固定词组,表示“给……让出空地方”。
14.(2010·山东卷)Those who suffer from headache will find they get ______ from this medicine.
A.relief B.safety 21世纪教育网
C.defense D.shelter
答案:A。考查名词。relief“(痛苦等)缓解”,符合句意:那些头痛的人将发现他们的病情将从这种药上得到缓解。safety“安全”;defense“防御”;shelter“保护”。
15.(2010·江苏卷)The doctor is skilled at treating heart trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients,so he has a very good______.
A.expectation B.reputation
C.contribution D.civilization
答案:B。考查名词辨析。句意:这名医生治疗心脏病医术高超,而且从不收病人的礼物,自然享有良好的“声誉”。expectation“期望”;contribution“贡献”,civilization“文明”,都不符合句意。reputation “声誉,名望”,故选B。
16.(2010·浙江卷)The school advisers help you talk through your problems but they don’t give you any direct______.
A.solution B.target
C.measure D.fun_ction
答案:A。考查名词辨析。从句意知“他们并没有给你任何直接的解决方法”,所以选A项solution“解决方法,解决方案”。target“目标”;measure“措施”; fun_ction“功能”,都与句意不符。故选A项。
17. (2009·山东卷)—He says that my new car is a ______ of money.
—Don't you think those words are just sour grapes?
A. lack B. load
C. question D. waste
答案:D。本题考查名词的区别。lack“缺乏”;load“负担”;question“疑问”;waste“浪费”;根据句意,尤其是下句的sour grapes(酸葡萄)可知答案选D。他说我买新车是浪费钱。
18. (2009·陕西卷)From their ______ on the top of the TV Tower, visitors can have a better view of the city.
A. stage B. position
C. condition D. situation
答案:B。考查名词词义辨析。stage“舞台,时期,阶段”;position“位置”;condition“条件,情况”;situation“形式,情况;情景”;根据空前的物主代词their可以推断出此处选B。句意:从他们在电视塔顶部的位置,游客们可以更好地看到这个城市的景色。
19. (2009·浙江卷)The system has been designed to give students quick and easy ______ to the digital resources of the library.
A. access B. passage
C. way D. approach [来源:21世纪教育网]
答案:A。考查名词词义辨析。access“通路,接近的方法”;passage“通道,走廊”;way“方式,方法”;approach“靠近”。句意:这套系统是专为给学生提供快速便捷的使用图书馆资源的方法而设计的。
20. (2009·福建卷)The World Health Organization gave a warning to the public without any ______ when the virus of H1N1 hit Mexico in April, 2009.
A. delay B. effort21世纪教育网
C. schedule D. consideration
答案:A。考查名词词义辨析。delay“耽搁,延误”;effort“努力”;schedule“时间表”;consideration“考虑,体谅;关心”。此句的意思是“当H1N1型病毒2009年4月袭击墨西哥时,世界卫生组织毫不耽搁地向人们提出了警告”。选A。
21. (2009·湖北卷) Hiking by oneself can be fun and good for health. It may also be good for ______ building.
A. respect B. friendship
C. reputation D. character
答案:D。考查名词辨析。respect“尊敬”;friendship“友谊”;reputation“名声”;character“性格”。句意:独自一人徒步旅行不仅有趣、有益健康,而且对性格的培养也有好处。
22. (2009·湖北卷) In our class, when the bell rang and the teacher closed his book, it was a ______ for everyone to stand up.
A. signal B. chance
C. mark D. measure
答案:A。考查名词辨析。signal“信号”;chance“机会”; mark“标记”;measure“测量,措施”。句意:在我们班,当下课铃声响起,老师就合上课本,这是给全班同学起立的信号。
23.(2011·天津十二区县联考一,3)People all believe that ________ to free trade destroy wealth, benefiting no one in the long run.
A.administrations B.attempts21世纪教育网
C.progress D.barriers
答案:D。考查名词辨析。句意:人们都认为从长远的观点来看设置自由贸易的障碍破坏财富,对任何人都没有益处。barrier“障碍,阻碍进步或控制活动的事物”。administration“公共事务的管理,经营,行政”;attempt“尝试,企图”;progress“进步,前进,发展”。易错选A。认为语境是“对自由贸易的管理会破坏财富”而误选。
24.(2011·东北三省四市联考,34)Many companies in Guangdong are facing a serious labor ________ following the Rabbit Year's Spring Festival.
A.lack B.shortage
C.absence D.storage
答案:B。考查名词短语。句意:在兔年春节之后,广东的很多公司面临着严重的用工荒。labor shortage“劳动力短缺”;lack也有“不足”之意,但用于lack of sth.结构,故被排除;absence “不在,缺席”;storage“(货物等的)贮存,贮藏”。易错选A。因对名词构成的短语掌握不到位引起的误选。
25.(2011·东北三校二模,30)________ have an internal clock that controls the beating of our heart, and the ________ of our breathing.
A.Human being; steps B.Humans; pace
C.Human beings; steps D.Man; pace
答案:B。考查名词。句意:人类体内有个生物钟,它控制我们的心跳和呼吸的节奏。因为谓语是have,所以排除A和D;humans=human being(s),但step的含义是脚步,步伐,措施,故排除C。易错选D。man可以作“人类”讲,但谓语需用单数形式。
26.(2011·济南4月模拟,29)—Would you do me a favor to choose a wedding dress?
—Of course, but it is a matter of personal ________.
A.concern B.sense
C.style D.taste
答案:D。考查名词辨析。句意:——你能不能帮我选一套结婚礼服?——当然可以,不过这是一件涉及个人爱好的事。taste“品味,爱好,嗜好”,符合语境和英语表达习惯。concern“关心,忧虑”;sense“感觉,感觉官能,意识”;style“风格,作风,格调”。易错选B、C。没有准确理解sense“感觉,感觉官能,意识”的意思和用法(如a sense of humour/direction/justice)而误选B;易受汉语思维的影响认为style有“风格,作风”的意思而误选C。
27.(2011·武汉四月调测,21)Computer power now allows automatic searches of fingerprint files to match a print at a crime ________.
A.field B.scene[来源:21世纪教育网]
C.location D.occasion
答案:B。考查名词辨析。句意:现在的电脑具备自动搜索指纹档案以对比犯罪现场指纹的功能。scene“现场,场面,情景,景色”。field“田野,运动场”;location“位置,场所,所在地”;occasion“场合,时刻,重大活动”。易错选D。at a crime scene在一个犯罪现场。而D强调场合,概念错误。21世纪教育网
28.(2011·武汉四月调测,22)These overseas students who are studying in our college show great ________ for learning a new language.
A.enthusiasm B.authority
C.symptom D.recreation
答案:A。考查名词辨析。句意:在我们大学学习的这些海外学生对学习一门新的语言表现出很大的热情。enthusiasm“热心,热情,热忱”。authority“权,权力,职权”;symptom“症状,征候”;recreation“消遣,娱乐,游戏 ”。易错选D。show enthusiasm for/about对……显示热情。D概念错误。
29.(2011·湖北八市调考,25)At the APEC Summit held in Yokohama, Japan, Asia-Pacific leaders addressed ________ over global growth, regional economic development and emerging markets.
A.concerns B.careers
C.adaption D.recognition
答案:A。考查名词辨析。句意:在日本横滨举行的亚太经贸合作组织峰会上,亚太领导人表达了他们对全球经济增长、区域经济发展和新兴市场的关注。 concern“关心,忧虑”。career“生涯,职业,事业”;adaption “适合,适应”;recognition“认识,承认,认可”。易错选D。误解语境为“亚太领导人表达了他们对全球经济增长、区域经济发展和新兴市场的认可”。而错选。
30.(2011·湖北八市调考,26)The ________ on driving after drinking alcohol is being carried out all over the country, which is helpful to reduce traffic accidents.
A.withdrawal B.prejudice
C.aim D. ban
答案:D。考查名词辨析。句意:酒后禁驾的法令正在全国实施执行,这有助于减少交通事故。ban“禁令”。withdrawal“撤退,退回,取消”;prejudice“偏见,成见”;aim“目标,目的”。易错选C。没有意识到carry out不能和aim搭配而造成误选。
31.(2011·皖南八校第三次联考,24)We bought the house for its ________. It is very near the shop where I work.
A.character B.value
C.convenience D.construction
答案:C。考查名词。句意:我们购买这座房子是因为它的便利,它离我工作的商店很近。由“It is very near the shop where I work.”可知convenience“便利”符合题意。
32.(2011·合肥第二次质检,24)Being able to speak another language fluently could be a great ________ when you're looking for a job.
A.advantage B.chance
C.assistance D.importance
答案:A。考查名词辨析。句意:能流利地说另外一门语言在你找工作的时候可能是一种很大的优势。advantage“优势,优点,有利条件”;chance“机会,可能性”;assistance“协助,补助,援助”;importance“重要,重要性,重大,重要的地位”。易错选B、C。认为语境“……是一种机会或是一种很大的帮助”而误选B、C。
33.(2011·南京二模,34)Considering the severe fact of global warming, the top ________ of all nations is to reduce CO2 emission and increase use of renewable energy.
A.priority B.impact
C.issue D.event
答案:A。考查名词辨析。句意:考虑到全球变暖的严峻事实,各国首先要做的事是减少二氧化碳的排放和增加对可再生能源的利用。priority“优先权,优先,优先顺序”。impact“影响,冲击力,撞击”;issue“发行,后果,问题”;event“事件,结果”。易错选D。没有准确理解语境为“优先考虑的,放在首位的”,认为语境是头等“大事”而误选event。
34.(2011·杭州质检二,10)According to our principal, all children should be encouraged to realize their full ________.[来源:21世纪教育网]
A.consequence B.entertainment
C.presentation D.potential
答案:D。考查名词辨析。句意:依据我们校长的说法,应该鼓励所有的孩子充分意识到他们的潜力。potential“潜在性,可能性”。consequence “结果,后果,重要(性)”;entertainment“娱乐,消遣”;presentation“介绍,陈述,赠送物,报告,(美)讲课”。易错选A。认为语境为“意识到结果或重要性”而误选。
35.(2011·江西九校联考,23)We should look up to him as a shining example of ________ to duty.
A.devotion B.privilege
C.responsibility D.burden
答案:A。考查名词辨析。句意:我们应该尊他为尽职尽责的光辉典范。devotion“热爱,投入”。privilege“特权”;responsibility“责任,职责”;burden “重负,重担”。易错选C。没有准确理解语境,没有注意到responsibility和duty意思重叠。
36.(2011·福建省名校样本分析考试,21)—Don't be so naughty!Be your________.
—Got it.
A.manners B.age
C.behavior D.politeness
答案:B。考查名词。句意:——不要那么淘气!要像个大人样。——知道了。be your age不要孩子气;你要像个大人样。本词组和Don't be so naughty!(不要那么淘气!)相一致,故选B。其他都构不成词组。易错选C。be your age是固定词组,而behavior没有这种搭配,故排除。
37.(2011·福建质检,31)Fortunately, rescuers were able to gain ________ to the disaster-hit area soon enough.
A.access B.track
C.means D.passage
答案:A。 考查名词辨析。句意:幸运的是,营救者终于能够想方设法以足够快的速度到达灾区。access“接近,进入,接近的机会,进入的权力,通道,入口,门路”。gain access to“有(机会、手段、权力)得到,接近,进入”为固定搭配。track“行踪,足迹,轨道,小径/道”;means“手段,方法,工具”;passage“通道,通路”。
38.(2011·桂林一模,33)The new system has been designed to give students quick and easy ________ to the digital resources of the library.
A.access B.passage
C.way D.approach
答案:A。考查名词辨析。句意:已经设计好的最新的系统可以使学生们更快更容易地获取图书馆里的数码资源。access“接近,进入,接近的机会,进入的权利,使用”。passage“通路,通道,走廊,段落”;way“路,路线,方法,方式”;approach“方法,方式”。尽管四个选项都可以和介词to构成搭配,意思上也都可以说得通,但只有access最能达意。故选A。
39.(2011·乌鲁木齐二诊,22)Where is your house? Is there any ________ in the neighbourhood?
A.identity B.access
C.milestone D.landmark
答案:D。考查名词辨析。句意:你家在哪里?在你家附近有明显的标志吗?landmark“(显而易见的)地标,路标”。identity“身份,特征”;access“通道,入口,门路”;milestone“里程碑,划时代的事件”。易错选A。认为identity有“特征”的意思,没有注意语境,“你们家附近有路标吗”而误选。
40.(2011·黄冈模拟,21)My morning ________ includes jogging in the park and reading newspapers over breakfast.
A.drill B.approach
C.regulation D.routine
答案:D。考查名词辨析。句意:我早晨的常规活动包括在公园里慢跑和在吃早餐时读报。routine“固定而有规则性的程序,例行公事,日常事务,常规”。drill“军事训练,操练”;approach“方法,手段,通路,道路,接近”;regulation“规章,条例,规则,规定,管理”。易错选A。没有意识到drill指军事训练或有目的的操练而误选。
41.(2011·黄冈模拟,22)In an interview with CNN, Premier Wen Jiabao emphasized that our government should let everyone live a happy life with ________ and a sense of security.
A.evidence B.privilege
C.assessment D.dignity
答案:D。考查名词辨析。句意:在一次CNN的采访中,温家宝总理强调说我们的政府应该保证让每一个人过上有尊严的、有安全感的幸福生活。dignity“尊严”。evidence“证据,迹象”;privilege“特权,基本人权”;assessment“估价,评价,估计”。
第1章 专题2 冠词
1.(2011·全国卷,16)As he reached ________ front door, Jack saw ________ strange sight.
A.the; 不填 B.a; the
C.不填;a D.the; a
答案:D。句意:当杰克到达前门的时候,他看到了一幕奇怪的景象。第一个空表特指,用定冠词the; a strange sight一幕奇怪的景象。
2.(2011·重庆卷,26)In communication, a smile is usually ________ strong sign of a friendly and ________ open attitude.
A.the; / B.a; an
C.a; / D.the; an
答案:C。本题考查冠词的用法。句意:在交流中,微笑通常是一个友好和开放态度的强烈象征。friendly与open是并列的,故open前可不加冠词。因此排除B、D两项。此处表示泛指一个“象征、符号”,故C项正确。
3.(2011·四川卷,18)Dr.Peter Spence,________ headmaster of the school,told us,“________ fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge.”
A.不填;A B.不填;The
C.the;The D.a;A
答案:A。本题考查冠词。句意:彼得·斯宾塞博士,本校的校长,告诉我们,“我们五分之一的学生要去牛津和剑桥大学继续学业”。首先,如果官衔称呼做同位语,不需要冠词,而 a fifth 同one fifth,表示五分之一。
4.(2011·新课标卷,33)It is generally accepted that ______ boy must learn to stand up and fight like ______ man.
A.a;a B.a;the
C.the;the D.a;不填
答案:A。本题考查冠词的用法。句意:普遍认为男孩子要学会担当,要像男人一样地战斗。此处这两个空都是表示类别,可数名词前加a,表示“一类”。
5.(2011·山东卷,21)Take your time—it's just________short distance from here to________restaurant.
A.不填;the B. a; the
C. the; a D.不填;a
答案:B。本题考查冠词的用法。句意:别着急,从这儿到饭店距离很短。由第二空可知,此处指两人都知道的饭店,故用定冠词。所以排除C、D两项。distance为可数名词,且在just之后,因此要用不定冠词。
6.(2011·浙江卷,2)Experts think that ________ recently discovered painting may be ________ Picasso.
A.the; 不填 B.a; the
C.a; 不填 D.the; a
答案:D。考查冠词应用。句意:专家们认为最近发现的那幅画可能是一幅毕加索的手笔。显然空一用定冠词the表示特指;空二不定冠词a(n)用于专有名词前表示具备该名词特征的一个人或事物。
7.(2011·江西卷,22)—It's said John will be in a job paying over $60,000 ________ year.
—Right, he will also get paid by ________ week.
A.the; the B.a; the
C.the; a D.a; a
答案:B。本题考查冠词的用法。句意:——据说约翰一年的工作薪水将超过六万美元。——是的,他的报酬还按周计算。第一空是泛指,意为“一年,每年”,故用不定冠词;by the week按周计算,属习惯用法。又如:by the hour 按小时计算。
8.(2011·陕西,13)As is known to all,________People's Republic of China is ________biggest developing country in the world.
A. the ;不填 B. 不填 ;the
C. the ;the D. 不填;不填
答案:C。考查冠词应用。句意:众所周知,中华人们共和国是世界上最大的发展中国家。由普通名词组合而成的专有名词要加定冠词,所以空一用the;空二the用于最高级前。
9.(2010·重庆卷)Everything comes with ______ price;there is no such ______ thing as a free lunch in the world.
A.a;a B.the;/
C.the;a D.a;/
答案:D。考查冠词。题干中price为可数名词,其前用不定冠词a表示泛指;no such thing相当于not such a thing。
10. (2010·辽宁卷)There are over 58,000 rocky objects in ______ space,about 900 of which could fall down onto ______ earth.
A.the;the B.不填;the
C.the;不填 D.a;the
答案:B。考查冠词。第一空不填冠词,in space“在太空”,为固定用法;因earth为独一无二的名词,其前必须用定冠词the。故选B项。
11.(2010·北京卷)First impressions are the most lasting.After all,you never get ______ second chance to make ______ first impression.
A.a;the B.the;the
C.a;a D.the;a
答案:C。考查冠词。第一空用不定冠词a,a second chance表示“再一次机会”;第二空用a表示泛指的概念。
12.(2010·山东卷)If we sit near ______ front of the bus,we'll have ______ better view.
A.不填;the B.不填;a
C.the;a D.the;the
答案:C。考查冠词。由句意可知,坐在汽车的前面,指的是汽车内的前面,所以应该用the front of;第二空表泛指,所以要用不定冠词a。句意:(乘车时)如果我们坐在汽车的前而,就会看到更好的风景。
13.(2010·江苏卷)The visitors here are greatly impressed by the fact that______people from all walks of life are working hard for______new Jiangsu.
A.不填;a B.不填;the
C.the;a D.the;the
答案:A。考查冠词的用法。句意:这里的游客被各行各业的人努力建设一个崭新的江苏的事实深深感动了。前一个空,people本身是集合名词,一般不与冠词连用;后一个空指的是一个崭新的江苏省,是泛指。
14.(2010·浙江卷)Many lifestyle patterns do such______great harm to health that they actually speed up______weakening of the human body.
A.a;/ B./;the
C.a;the D./;/
答案:B。考查冠词。第一空是do harm to是固定词组,表示“对……有伤害”,harm为不可数名词,故用零冠词;第二空用定冠词特指人体的衰弱。所以这里选B项。
15.(2009·陕西卷)What ______ pity that you couldn't be there to receive ______ prize!
A. a;a B. the ; a
C. a ; the D. the; the
答案:C。考查冠词。第一空所填冠词与上下文构成固定句型what a pity that ...,用不定冠词a;第二空后名词表示特指,用定冠词the,选C。
16.(2009·浙江卷)I don't understand what the engineer means, but I've got ______ rough idea of ______ project plan.
A. the; a B. 不填; the
C. the;不填 D. a; the
答案:D。考查的冠词。前一句泛指一种想法,后一句特指那项计划。
17.(2009·重庆卷)Washing machines made by China have won ______ worldwide attention and Haier has become ______ popular name.
A. a; the B. /;a
C. /;the D. the; a
答案:B。考查冠词。attention是抽象名词,前面不用冠词。name指“名声”,是可数名词单数形式,前面必须加上a。
18.(2009·北京卷)The biggest whale is ______ blue whale, which grows to be about 29 meters long—the height of ______ 9-story building.
A. the; the B. a; a
C. a; the D. the; a
答案:D。考查冠词的用法。第一空“蓝鲸”为一种动物的种类,故用定冠词the;而第二空“一座九层高的楼”并无特指,故应选择不定冠词a。
19.(2009·全国卷)What I need is ______ book that contains ______ ABC of oil painting.
A. a;不填 B. the; 不填
C. the; an D. a; the
答案:D。考查冠词用法。a表示泛指,the表示特指。句意:我需要的是一本包含油画基础知识的书。
20.(2009·四川卷)In order to find ______ better job, he decided to study ______ second foreign language.
A. the; a B. a; a
C. the; the D. a; the
答案:B。考查冠词。第一空泛指一个更好点的工作,故用不定冠词a;第二空中a+序数词表“再一;又一”。故B项正确。
21.(2009·全国卷Ⅰ)Let's go to ______ cinema—that'll take your mind off the problem for ______ while.
A. the; the B. the; a
C. a; the D. a; a
答案:B。考查冠词用法。此题两个空都考查了固定表达。句意:让我们去看电影吧,这样就可以让你暂时不考虑这个问题。go to the cinema“去看电影”;for a while“暂时”。故B项正确。
22.(2009·江西卷)Some people fear that ______ air pollution may bring about changes in ______ weather around the world.
A. /; the B. the; /
C. an; the D. the; a
答案:A。考查冠词的用法。大气污染即air pollution ,其前无需加冠词;而weather后有定语修饰,故应在其前加上定冠词the。
23.(2011·德阳三诊,2)Finally the climbers got to________ place which had never been visited by ________ men.
A.a; 不填 B.a; the
C.不填; the D.the; the
答案:A。考查冠词。第一空place是可数名词单数,此空表泛指,选不定冠词;第二空men是复数,此空也是表泛指,所以不加冠词。
24.(2011·辽宁网上诊断联考,23)The person in ________ charge of the program was at ________ complete loss when the incident happened.
A. 不填;不填 B.
C. the; 不填 D. the; a
答案:B。 in charge of固定短语“负责任”;at a loss 固定短语:“茫然不知所措”。21世纪教育网
25.(2011·莆田适应性练习,21)My summer camp isn't ________ good fun, but it is ________ real learning experience for me.
A. a; / B. the; a
C. /; a D. a; the
答案:C。考查冠词。句意:我参加的夏令营一点都不好玩,但是对我来说确是一次真正的学习经历。第一空fun是不可数名词,此处表泛指,所以不加冠词;第二空experience在此处是可数名词,意思是“经历”,表泛指,所以用不定冠词。
26.(2011·龙岩一级校联盟联考,21)On April 24th, 2011, Hu Jintao, ________ chairman of the P.R.C., and other state leaders attended Tsinghua centennial (百年的) celebration at ________ Great Hall of the People in Beijing.
A./;/ B./;the
C.the; the D.the; /
答案:B。考查冠词。第一空chairman是表示职务、头衔的名词,在充当句子的主语补足语、宾语补足语或者同位语时,应该不加冠词;第二空是由普通名词构成的专有名词,应该用定冠词。
27.(2011·丰台二模,21)She studied ________ medicine before she became ________ writer.
A.the; the B.the; a
C.不填; a D.不填; the
答案:C。考查冠词。句意:成为作家前她学的是医学。第一空medicine是物质名词,所以不加冠词;第二空writer是可数名词,此处表泛指,所以加不定冠词。
28.(2011·西安第三次质检,11) Early in ________morning word came that Mr. Black had been elected ________president of the company.
A. a;不填 B. the;不填
C. a; the D. 不填;the
答案:B。考查冠词。in the morning是固定短语,意为“早上”;第二空president是表示职务、头衔的名词,在充当句子的主语补足语、宾语补足语或者同位语时,应该不加冠词。
29.(2011·淮安第四次调考,21)Japan has been trying to bring its nuclear crisis under ________ control, but ________ spread of radiation has raised concerns about the safety of the nuclear energy.
A. a; the B. the; /
C. /; the D. a; /
答案:C。考查冠词。句意:日本一直尽力把核危机控制住,但是核放射的蔓延已经引起了对于核能安全的关注。第一空under control是固定短语,意为“被控制”;第二空表特指,特指日本核放射的蔓延。
30.(2011·宜宾适应性测试,1)Most scientists seem to agree that ________ certain limit should be set on________ consumption(消费) of cars to ease air pollution.
A.a; the B./; the
C.the; / D.the; the
答案:A。考查冠词。第一空a certain=some;第二空加定冠词表特指。句意:许多科学家倾向于同意为了减轻空气污染,应该对汽车消费设定一些限制。
31.(2011·海淀期中,25)—How about ________ party?
—Cool! It was really ________ great fun! Pity you weren't there.
A.a; a B.the; a
C.the; / D.a; /
答案:C。考查冠词。句意:——那次聚会怎么样?——好极了!确实很有意思,可惜你没有参加。由语境中动词的过去式和答句中的“可惜你当时不在场”可知谈论的是已经举行过的那次聚会,故第一空为特指,用定冠词the;第二空后的名词fun为不可数名词,不用不定冠词。故答案为C。
32.(2011·东城练习二,34)Opening the door, Mrs. Summers found ________ family of ________ cats shut in the bathroom.[来源:21世纪教育网]
A.a;不填 B.a; the
C.the; 不填 D.the; the
答案:A。考查冠词。句意:一推开浴室的门,Summers夫人就发现一群猫被关在里面。a family of“一家子,一群”。cats在这没有定语限制,表泛指。易错选B。误把shut in the bathroom看作定语。
33.(2011·西城二模,21)Have you got these jeans in ________ larger size? This pair is a bit too small around ________ waist.
A.a; the B./; the
C.the; / D.a; a
答案:A。考查冠词。句意:这种牛仔裤有没有号码稍大一点的?这一条腰围有点小。第一空in a larger size为表示泛指的习惯搭配;第二空表身体某一部位的名词前用定冠词。故选A。易错选D。没有意识到表示身体的某一部位的名词前需用定冠词而误选。
34.(2011·天津十二区县联考一,2)—Would you mind giving your advice on how to improve our business management?
—If you make ________ most of the modern equipment, there will be ________ rise in production.
A.不填;不填 B.the; a
C.不填;a D.the;不填
答案:B。考查冠词用法。句意:——你介意就怎样改进我们的企业管理发表一下你的看法吗?——如果你充分利用现代化设施, 产量将会提高。第一空处考查固定搭配,make the most/best of“充分利用”;第二空处为习惯搭配,rise指 (金额、数量、强度或工资的)增加:a rise in the price of meat/the value of the dollar/the average temperature肉类价格的上涨/美元的升值/平均温度的升高。易错选C。是对“充分利用make full use of=make the best/most of”这一短语识记错误造成的误选。
35.(2011·重庆二诊,23)—Who would have expected that a story about an 11-year-old boy wizard would turn into ________ multi-billion dollar business?
—That's ________ magic of the Harry Potter series.
A./; the B.a; the[来源:21世纪教育网]
C.a; / D.the; /
答案:B。考查冠词。句意:——谁会想到一个11岁的小男巫会变成一个数十亿美元资产企业的故事呢?——那是《哈利·波特》的魔法系列作品。第一空后的business为可数名词且为泛指,故需在空格处加不定冠词a;第二空特指《哈利·波特》魔法系列作品,故需用定冠词the,选B。易错选C。没有意识到第二空为特指而误选。
36.(2011·东北三省四市联考,21)________ 2010 Shanghai World Expo was ________ honor for all of the Asians.
A.The; the B.不填; an
C.The; an D.不填; the
答案:C。考查冠词。句意:2010上海世博会是一件值得所有亚洲人光荣的事。上海世博会是由普通名词构成的专有名词,故前加定冠词,honor在此为可数名词,意为“一件光荣的事”故其前加不定冠词。如:He is an honor (光荣的人)to our school.他是我们学校的光荣。易错选A。受honor后for all of the Asians的影响,认为是特指而误选。
37.(2011·东北三校二模,21)Beijing and ________ European Union agreed on Tuesday to set up ________ working group to promote high-tech sales to China.
A./;a B.the; the
C.the; a D./; the
答案:C。考查冠词。句意:北京和欧洲联盟在周二同意建立一个工作组,目的是促进高科技产品在中国的销售。the European Union欧洲联盟,专有名词,需加定冠词the。working group工作组,此处表泛指,又是可数名词,故加a。易错选A。由普通名词转化成的专有名词,应该加the。又如:the Great Wall长城。
38.(2011·沈阳二模,1)Cooking calls for ________ patience and time but it is ________ enjoyable experience.
A.a; the B.不填;an
C.the; an D.a; 不填
答案:B。考查冠词。句意:烹调需要耐心和时间,但这是一种有趣的体验。call for“需要,要求”;enjoyable“快乐的,有乐趣的,有趣的,愉快的”。第一空后的名词patience为不可数名词且为泛指,故用零冠词;第二空后的experience在此意为“体验,经历”为可数名词的单数,故其前需加不定冠词,又因形容词enjoyable是以元音音素开头的词,故需用不定冠词an。
39.(2011·石家庄二模,8)—Excuse me, sir. You can't enter ________ office without ________ permission.
—But the manager is expecting me.
A.the; a B.an; the
C.the; 不填 D.不填;不填
答案:C。考查冠词。句意:——打扰一下,先生,没有经过允许,您不能进入这间办公室。——但是经理在等着我。第一空特指那间办公室,用定冠词the;第二空处的without permission“没有允许”为固定搭配。
40.(2011·济南4月模拟,26)He wants to see ________ much stronger China within ________ rest of his life.
A./; a B.a; /
C.the; a D.a; the
答案:D。考查冠词。句意:他希望在他的余生能够看到一个更强大的中国。第一空表示泛指“一个更强大的中国”;第二空表示特指“生命中剩余的时间”,另外the rest of为固定短语。
41.(2011·济南一模,26)She removed ________ hat she was wearing and tried on ________ black silk one.
A.a; a B.the; the
C.the; a D.a; the
答案:C。考查冠词。句意:她摘下她正戴着的帽子,试戴了一下一顶黑色的丝绸帽。第一空特指她当时正在戴着的帽子,故用定冠词the;第二空泛指一顶黑色的帽子,形容词black是以辅音音素开头的词,故用不定冠词a,答案为C。
42.(2011·江南十校联考,21)—Excuse me, are you Amy, from Class 2, Grade 1?
—Sorry, I'm not ________ Amy from Class 2, Grade 1 but from Class 1, Grade 2. There are two Amys in my school.
A.a B.an
C./ D.the
答案:D。考查冠词。句意:——打扰一下,你是来自一年级二班的Amy吗?——对不起,不是,我是二年级一班的Amy,我校有两个Amy。语境“我不是你所说的那个来自一年级二班的Amy”为特指,故用定冠词the,选D。
43.(2011·皖南八校第三次联考,21)—Oh, ________ air is so bad. Shall I open the windows to let in ________ fresh air?
—Ok, thank you.
A.the; any B./; any
C.the; some D./; some
答案:C。考查冠词和不定代词。句意:——噢,空气很糟糕。我可以把窗户打开让一些新鲜空气进入吗?——好的,谢谢。第一空特指说话双方都知道的空气,故用定冠词the;第二空指“一些新鲜空气”,而且有“表示建议,请求并期望得到肯定回答”之意,故用some。易错选D。认为air为不可数名词且第一空为泛指而误选D。
44.(2011·南京二模,21)What disappointed ________ Chinese most is that the national football team was kicked out of the Asian Cup ________ second time, with four points from three matches.
A.the; a B.不填;a
C.the; the D.不填;the
答案:A。考查冠词。句意:最令国人失望的是国家足球队以三赛四分的成绩再次在亚洲杯中被淘汰出局。the Chinese“中国人(民)”;a second time“又一次,再一次”。易错选C。认为第二空处意为“第二次”而误选。
45.(2011·杭州质检二,1)It was ________ very rare find and the archaeologist who made ________ discovery said it was like unearthly a Mona Lisa.
A.a; the B.the; the21世纪教育网
C.the; a D.a; a
答案:A。考查冠词。句意:这是一个很罕见的发现,那位发现这一奇观的考古学家说,它就像神秘的蒙娜丽莎。unearthly非尘世的,怪异的,神秘的。第一空后的名词find(发现,发现物)为可数名词,此处为泛指一个发现,故用不定冠词a;第二空特指这位考古学家的这一发现,需用定冠词the。故答案为A。
46.(2011·江西九校联考,21)It's ________ good feeling for people to admire the Shanghai World Expo that gives them ________ pleasure.
A.不填;a B.a; 不填
C.the; a D.a; the
答案:B。句意:上海世博会给人们带来了快乐,欣赏世博会是一种美好的感受。有些抽象名词,如knowledge, success, command, feeling等,前面有“a/an+形容词”修饰时,抽象名词就为含有具体意思的名词了,如:a knowlege of某种知识/某方面的知识;a success一个成功的人/一件成功的事等。pleasure意为“愉快、快乐”,为不可数名词。
47.(2011·桂林一模,22)As is known to all, ________ opening ceremony of the 16th Asian Games held on November 12th in Guangzhou was ________ great success.
A.不填;a B.the; a
C.the; 不填 D.a; 不填
答案:B。考查冠词。句意:正如我们大家都知道的,11月12日在广州举行的第16届亚运会开幕式是一次很成功的开幕式。第一空特指第16届亚运会开幕式,故用定冠词the;第二空是抽象名词具体化,a success在此意为:一次成功的开幕式。故选B。
48.(2011·西安八校联考,11)Xi'an,________ city of natural beauty will host ________International Horticultural (园艺) Exposition in 2011.
A.a; the B.an; a
C.the; a D.an; a
答案:A。考查冠词。句意:西安,一座拥有自然美的城市,将要主办2011年国际园艺博览会。第一空为泛指,a city of natural beauty作Xi'an的同位语;第二空特指2011年国际园艺博览会,故需用定冠词。[来源:21世纪教育网]
49.(2011·乌鲁木齐二诊,32)If we do not deal with ________ problem caused by air pollution, our planet may no longer be ________ healthy place for us.
A.a; the B.a; a
C.the; a D.the; the21世纪教育网
答案:C。考查冠词。句意:如果我们不处理由空气污染造成的问题,我们这个星球对我们来说可能不再是一个健康的地方。第一空特指由空气污染引起的问题,用定冠词the;第二空泛指一个地方,用不定冠词a,选C。[来源:21世纪教育网]
50.(2011·成都三诊,2)________ freezing snow, which is still heavy, will come to ________ end this weekend.
A./; an B.The; /
C.The; an D.An; the
答案:C。考查冠词。句意:这场仍然下得很大的寒冷的雪将会持续到本周末。第一空为特指,后跟定语从句限定,特指这场大雪;第二空为固定搭配,come to an end“终止,结束,告终”。
51.(2011·昆明质检,1)—How about ________ job you were offered last week?
—Not so bad, but I ran into difficulties at the very beginning.
A.the B.an
C.a D.不填
答案:A。考查冠词。句意:——上周你得到的那份工作怎样?——还可以,不过在开始的时候我遇到了困难。从job后的定语you were offered last week可知这份工作是特指的,故用定冠词,选A。
52.(2011·杭州二中五月热身考,1)—What do you think about ________ blue dress in the shop window?
—Oh, it's fantastic! It will make ________ perfect birthday present.
A. a; a B. the; a
C. a; the D. the; the
答案:B。考查冠词。句意:——你认为橱窗里的那件蓝色衣服怎么样?——很好!它会是一件完美的生日礼物。由句意可知,第一空为特指;第二空为泛指。
53.(2011·南开中学5月月考,23)The royal wedding of William, ________ Britain's prince, and Kate, ________ ordinary girl, draws the worldwide attention.
A. /; an B. /; the
C. the; the D. a; the
答案:A。考查冠词。句意:英国王子威廉和普通女孩凯特的皇室婚礼吸引了全世界人的眼球。第一空不加冠词,因为prince前已经有Britain's的限定;第二空应该加不定冠词表示泛指。
54.(2011·元济高中压轴,2)Of the two brothers, Bill is ________ younger one, and he is a quiet boy, ________ that most adults like very much.
A. a; one B. a; the one
C. the; one D. the; the one
答案:C。考查冠词。句意:比尔是两兄弟中较年轻的一个,他是个安静的男孩,一个大多数人都很喜欢的男孩。第一空the +比较级表示“两者中较……的一个”;第二空one用作a quiet boy的同位语。
55.(2011·盐城中学二模,21)Well, that's enough. ________ price will be beyond my reach.[来源:21世纪教育网]
A. The higher B. A highest
C. The highest D. A higher
答案:D。考查冠词。句意:够了。再高的价格将会超出我的极限。由句意可知,选不定冠词,表示“比……更……的一个”。
56.(2011·西安中学第十三次模拟,13)Wouldn't it be nice if students had to go to ________ school only four days ________ week?
A. 不填; aB. 不填; the
C. the; a D. the; the
答案:A。考查冠词。句意:如果学生每周只上四天学是不是很好?第一空go to school“上学”;第二空用不定冠词表示每周,此处a等于per。
57.(2011·耀华中学二模,7)The Japanese have ________ uneasy feeling about ________ increasing use of foreign words.21世纪教育网
A.an; a B.the; the
C.an; the D.the; a
答案:C。考查冠词。句意:面对越来越多地使用外国单词,日本人有一种不安的情绪。第一空an uneasy feeling“一种不安的情绪”;第二空特指外国单词的使用。
58.(2011·太原五中5月月考,30)Cancer is ________ second only to heart disease as ________ cause of death.
A. the; a B. /; a
C. a; a D. the; the
答案:B。考查冠词。句意:癌症是仅次于心脏病的死亡杀手。第一空是固定短语,second to“次于”;第二空表泛指。
59.(2011·西工大附中第十二次适应性训练,11)It is clear that ________ little money he earns can hardly support ________family as large as his.
A. the;a B. a;the
C. /;a D. /;the
答案:A。考查冠词。句意:很明显,他挣得微薄的工资很难养活像他家这样的一大家子人。由句意可知,第一空特指他挣得的钱;第二空表示类指,即泛指。
60.(2011·山师附中打靶考试,22)I didn't make sense of ________ poem until I read it ________ third time.
A. the; the B. a; the
C. the; a D. a, a
答案:C。考查冠词。句意:把那首诗又读了一遍,我才弄懂它的意思。由句意可知,第一空特指;第二空a third表示“再一,又一”。
61.(2011·厦门双十中学热身考试,27)Because of ________ high demand for Type AB blood, ________ supplies of it are usually limited.
A. the; the B.不填;不填[来源:21世纪教育网]
C.不填;the D. a; the
答案:D。考查冠词。句意:由于对AB型血液的高需求,它的供应通常受到限制。第一空表泛指;第二空特指AB型血液的供应。
62. (2011·启东中学考前辅导,3)Mr. White, who comes from ________ European country, has formed ________ habit of attending ________ church on Sundays.
A. an; /; the B. a; the; /
C. an; the; / D. a; a; a
答案:B。考查冠词。第一空European的发音是辅音音素开头,所以用a,不用an;第二空form the habit of...“养成……的习惯”;第三空attend church“做礼拜”固定搭配。
63. (2011·启东中学考前辅导,20)Don't touch ________ live wire, or you will get ________ shock.
A. the; the B. the; a
C. /; a D. /;/
答案:B。考查冠词。句意:不要碰裸露的电线,否则,你会遭受电击。第一空特指裸露的电线;第二空a shock表示“电击”。
64.(2011·宁波效实中学模拟,1)In ________ early 1990's, as ________ gesture of appreciation, the library was named after the businessman who donated most of the money with which to build it.
A.the; a B.the; the
C./; the D.an; /
答案:A。考查冠词。第一空in the early 1990's是固定表达,意为“在20世纪90年代早期”;第二空a gesture of appreciation“表示感激的一种姿态”。
65.(2011·南充高中第十三次月考,4)—What about ________ conference you attended last week?
—To tell the truth, it was too boring, you know, ________ conference like that.
A. a; the B. the; /
C. the; a D. the; the
答案:C。考查冠词。第一空特指上周参加的会议;第二空表示类指,即泛指这样的会议。
66.(2011·锦州一高中第五次模拟,21)This area experienced ________ heaviest rainfall in ________ month of May.
A.不填; a B.a ; the
C.the ; the D.the ; a
答案:C。考查冠词。句意:该地区遭遇了五月份的最大降雨。第一空最高级前加定冠词the;第二空特指五月份。
67. (2011·拉萨中学第八次月考,22)In________ most countries, a university degree can give you ________ flying start in life.
A. the; a B .the; /
C. /;/ D. /; a
答案:D。考查冠词。句意:在大多数国家,拥有大学学历可以给你的生活一个飞腾的开始。由句意可知,第一空不加冠词,most不是最高级,也不是“非常”的意思,而是“大多数”之意;第二空a start。
68.(2011·嘉兴一中三模,11) Failure to face up to painful experience can be ________ form of stress itself, and can increase ________ possibility of illness.
A. the; / B. a; a
C. a; the D. /; the
答案:C。考查冠词。句意:不能面对痛苦的经历有时本身就是一种压力,而且可能增加患病的可能性。由句意可知,第一空表泛指;第二空特指患病的可能性,特指。
69.(2011·三明二中第二次质检,21)We can never expect ________ bluer sky unless we create________ less polluted world.
A. a; a B. a; the
C. the; a D. the; the
答案:A。考查冠词。句意:除非我们能创造出一个污染较少的世界,否则,我们将不会有一个更蓝的天空。这两个空考点一样,sky和world都是独一无二的事物,当前面有形容词的修饰时,应该用不定冠词。
70.(2011·重庆一中五月模拟)The most important thing to keep in ________ mind when dealing with________ emergency is to stay calm.
A. /; the B. the; an
C. the; the D. /; an
答案:D。考查冠词。句意:一定要牢记处理紧急情况时一定要保持镇静。第一空keep in mind是固定短语,意为“牢记”;第二空an emergency“紧急情况”。
71.(2011·临川一中五月模拟)It is announced that________$20,000 reward will be offered for ________ return of the stolen sculpture.
A.a; the B./; the
C.a; a D./; a
答案:A。考查冠词。句意:据报道,为了被盗的石雕,悬赏了一笔2万美元的奖金。由句意可知,第一空表泛指;第二空特指被盗的石雕的追回。
72.(2011·南昌三模,22)—Do you know what EU stands for, Tommy?
—Sure.It stands for the European Union,________ European political and economic organization that encourages trade and friendship between ________ countries that are members.
A.an; the B.a; the
C.the; / D.an; /
答案:B。考查冠词。第一空表示泛指,而且由European的发音可知,用不定冠词a而不用an;第二空特指欧盟成员国。
73.(2011·武威六中五诊,6)The girl got into ________ panic when she heard ________ frightening news.
A.a; the B.a; a
C.the; the D.the; a
答案:A。考查冠词。句意:听到那个可怕的消息,女孩陷入了惊恐不安。第一空get into a panic“陷入恐慌”固定短语;第二空特指那个可怕的消息。
第1章 专题3代词
1.(2011·重庆卷,27)—Silly me! I forget what my luggage looks like.
—What do you think of ________ over there?
A.the one B.this
C.it D.that
答案:D。本题考查代词的用法。句意:——我真傻!我忘了我的行李什么样了。——那边那个行李你觉得怎样?luggage为不可数名词,不能用one代替。it指代同一物,故A、C两项不对。this代表这儿的东西;that代表较远的,那里的东西。故D项正确。
2.(2011·全国卷,11)I got this bicycle for ________: My friend gave it to me when she bought a new one.
A.everything B.something
C.anything D.nothing
答案:D。句意:我这辆自行车一分钱也没花:我的朋友买了一辆新的,就把这辆给了我。for nothing“不花钱,免费”。
3.(2011·四川卷,3)There is ________ in his words.We should have a try.
A.something B.anything
C.nothing D.everything
答案:A。本题考查不定代词。句意:他的话里有点儿意思。我们再试试看。从第二句话的信息里可以断定应该是肯定的句意,而因为不太确定,故用something来表示。
4.(2011·山东卷,24)The two girls are so alike that strangers find________difficult to tell one from the other.
A. it B. them
C. her D. that
答案:A。本题考查形式宾语it的用法。句意:这俩女孩长得太像了,陌生人发现很难把她们区分开来。it为形式宾语,真实宾语为后面的不定式to tell one from the other,本题构成结构:find it+宾补(形容词)+真实宾语(不定式)。
5.(2011·天津卷,1)We feel________our duty to make our country a better place.
A.it B.this
C.that D.one
答案:A。本题考查it作形式宾语,代替其后的不定式to make our country a better place。this,that,one三项不能用作形式主语或宾语。feel,think,consider等词后常用it作形式宾语。句意:我们认为使我们的国家更美好是我们的责任。
6.(2011·浙江卷,7)Since people are fond of humor, it is as welcome in conversation as ________ else.
A.anything B.something
C.anywhere D.somewhere
答案:C。考查不定代词的用法。句意:既然人们喜欢幽默,正如在交谈中一样,它随处受欢迎。anything“任何东西/事物”;something“某些事物”;anywhere“无论何处”;somewhere“某个地方”。显然C项正确。
7.(2011·辽宁,27)—Would you like tea or coffee?
—______, thank you.I've just had some water.
A.Either B.Both
C.Any D.Neither
答案:D。本题考查代词的用法。句意:——你喝茶还是咖啡?——谢谢,不喝了。我已喝了一些水。由答语可知,对方什么也不喝了。“两者都不”用neither。
8.(2011·福建卷,21)We have various summer camps for your holidays.You can choose______based on your own interests.
A.either B.each
C.one D.it
答案:C。本题考查代词的替代。句意:我们有各种各样的暑假夏令营,你可以根据你的兴趣选择一个。either两者中任何一个;each每一个;one一个,为泛指,泛指同类当中的某一个;it为特指,特指上文提到的某人或者某事物。根据语境可知,答语应是表示泛指的某一个。[来源:21世纪教育网]
9.(2011·安徽,22)Surprisingly, Susan's beautiful hair reached below her knees and made________ almost an overcoat for her.
A. them B. her
C. itself D. herself
答案:C。考查代词用法。句意:令人吃惊的是,苏珊美丽的头发长及膝部以下,使得她的头发几乎成为了披在身上的一件大衣。itself是it的反身代词,代指hair本身。
10.(2011·北京卷,34)The employment rate has continued to rise in big cities thanks to the efforts of the local governments to increase ________.
A. them B. those
C. it D. that
答案:C。本题考查代词。句意:多亏当地政府努力提高就业率,使大城市里就业率继续上升。此处需用代词替代前面的the employment rate,是个单数名词,故排除A、B两项;it替代同名同物,即前面的the employment rate;that替代同名异物,指同类中的一个。
11.(2011·湖南卷,24)I knew that ________ would ever discourage him, he would never give up wanting to be a director.
A.something B.anything
C.everything D.nothing
答案:D。本题考查不定代词的用法。句意:我知道没有什么会使他灰心,他永远也不会放弃想成为一名导演。由句意可知此处表示否定意义。
12.(2011·陕西卷,16)—Would you get me a bar of chocolate from the kitchen,dear?
—________one?
A.Other B.Every
C.Another D.More
答案:C。考查不定代词的用法。句意:——亲爱的,请从厨房里给我拿块巧克力好吗?——还要块吗?other/more后面不接数词,数词+more/other+名词复数=another+数词+名词复数“再/又多少……”,首先排除A、D两项;另外,every one“每一个”不合题意,排除B项。
13.(2011·江西卷,25)Why don't you bring ________ to his attention that you're too ill to work on?
A.that B.it
C.this D.him
答案:B。本题考查代词。句意:你为什么不使他注意你病得太厉害而不能继续工作这件事呢?此处用it作形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的从句that you're too ill to work on。
14.(2010·全国卷Ⅰ)I'll spend half of my holiday practising English and ______ half learning drawing.
A.another B.the other
C.other's D.other
答案:B。考查代词辨析。句意:假期我会把一半时间用于练习英语,另一半用于学习绘画。half表示“一半”,the other half表示“另一半”。the other指两个事物中的“另一个”。因此答案为B。
15. (2010·全国卷Ⅱ)Neither side is prepared to talk to ______ unless we can smooth things over between them.
A.others B.the other
C.another D.one other
答案:B。考查代词用法。句意:双方都不肯与对方交谈,除非我们消除他们之间的障碍。根据句中的neither可知共有两方,所以另外一方用the other。
16. (2010·全国卷Ⅱ)The doctor thought ______ would be good for you to have a holiday.
A.this B.that
C.one D.it
答案:D。考查代词用法。在thought后的宾语从句中,it是形式主语,真正的主语是to have a holiday。
17.(2010·重庆卷)He had lost his temper and his health in the war and never found ______ of them again.
A.neither B.either
C.each D.all
答案:B。考查代词的用法。根据题干中的temper和health可知此处表示两者,且表示否定意义,never found either of them相当于find neither of them。
18.(2010·江西卷)Swimming is my favorite sport.There is______like swimming as a means of keeping fit.
A.something B.anything
C.nothing D.everything
答案:C。考查不定代词。句意:游泳是我最爱的运动。再没有比游泳更好的锻炼方式了。There is nothing like...意即“没有什么能像……了”。
19.(2010·辽宁卷)The fact that she was foreign made ______ difficult for her to get a job in that country.
A.so B.much
C.that D.it
答案:D。考查代词用法。题干中含有make it difficult for sb. to do sth.结构。形式宾语it代替后面的动词不定式短语to get a job in that country。
20. (2010·安徽卷)You are a team star! Working with______is really your cup of tea.
A.both B.either
C.others D.the other
答案:C。考查代词的用法。第二句的意思是“与别人合作真的是你喜欢的事情”。此处表示的是团队中的其他人,所以用others。
21.(2010·天津卷)______ in my life impressed me so deeply as my first visit to the Palace Museum.
A.Anything B.Nothing
C.Everything D.Something
答案:B。考查不定代词。句意:我一生中没有比第一次游览故宫印象更深的事情了。这里表示隐含的最高级。
22.(2010·山东卷)Helping others is a habit,______ you can learn even at an early age.
A.it B.that
C.what D.one
答案:D。考查代词。由题干的结构来看,空格处应该是a habit的同位语,you can learn even at an early age是一个定语从句,修饰所填的代词,因此应该选D。 句意:帮助别人是一个习惯,一个从很小就能学会的习惯。
23. (2010·福建卷)When you introduce me to Mr.Johnson,could you please say ______ for me?[来源:21世纪教育网]
A.everything B.anything
C.something D.nothing
答案:C。考查代词。句意:把我介绍给Johnson先生的时候,你能给我说上几句好话吗?something可以用在表示请求的疑问句中。say something for somebody意为“帮某人说好话”。
24.(2010·四川卷)On my desk is a photo that my father took of______when I was a baby.
A.him B.his [21世纪教育网
C.me D.mine
答案:C。考查代词。空格处作介词of的宾语,应该用人称代词的宾格,故排除B、D选项。由句意“桌上有张小时候父亲为我拍的照片”可知答案为C。
25.(2010·陕西卷)The cost of renting a house in central Xi'an is higher than ______ in any other area of the city.21世纪教育网
A.that B.this
C.it D.one
答案:A。考查代词的用法辨析。句意:在西安市中心租一套房子的费用比在该市任何其他地区租一套房子的费用都要高。根据句意可知,空处指代the cost of renting a house,应该用that。
26.(2010·浙江卷)______that’s important is that you are doing your best and moving in the right direction.
A.One B.All
C.Everything D.Anything
答案:B。考查代词辨析。此处All that’s important相当于What’s important,在主句中作主语,表示“重要的是……”,所以选B项。
27. (2009·四川卷)I like this house with a beautiful garden in front, but I don't have enough money to buy ______.
A. one B. it
C. this D. that
答案:B。考查代词用法。句意:我喜欢这个前面带花园的房子,但没足够的钱买它。此处指同类同物,常用it代替,one指代同类异物。故B项正确。
28. (2009·江苏卷)Nine in ten parents said there were significant differences in their approach to educating their children compared with ______ of their parents.
A. those B. one
C. both D. that
答案:D。考查代词。根据语境知,十之八九的家长说,与他们的父母教育孩子的方法相比,现在已经有了重大差异。此处用that代指前面的approach,而one代指同类异物,故D项正确。
29. (2009·全国卷)One of the most important questions they had to consider was ______ of public health.
A. what B. this
C. that D. which
答案:C。考查代词。分析句子结构可知,they had to consider作questions的定语从句,of public health给空白处的表语作后置定语,故用that代指问题之一。
30. (2009·辽宁卷)______ is the power of TV that it can make a person suddenly famous.
A Such B.This
C.That D.So
答案:A。考查代词。句意:电视的力量就是这样,它能使一个人突然成名。such用来指代下文的it can make a person suddenly famous。
31. (2009·山东卷)I felt so bad all day yesterday that I decided this morning I couldn't face ______ day like that.
A. other B. another
C. the other D. others
答案:B。本题考查与other 相关的单词的区别。句意:我昨天一整天感到很糟糕,以至于我今天早晨决定我不会面对那样的一天了。another“再一个,又一个”。
32. (2009·重庆卷)Over the past 20 years, the Internet helped change our world in ______ way or another for the better.
A. any B. one
C. every D. either
答案:B。考查代词的用法。one 与another对应,都表示泛指。
33. (2009·北京卷)Being a parent is not always easy, and being the parent of a child with special needs often carries with ______ extra stress.
A. itB. them
C. one D. him
答案:A。it 此处指代的是前文提到的being the parent of a child with special needs ,其他选项均不能满足此要求。
34. (2009·全国卷Ⅱ)The CDs are on sale!Buy one and you get ______ completely free.
A. other B. others
C. one D. ones
答案:C。考查代词。one指代上文提到的CD。句意:这些CD正在促销,买一赠一。other泛指另外的人或事。others用来代替other+复数名词。
35. (2009·陕西卷)Jane was asked a lot of questions, but she didn't answer ______ of them.
A. other B. any
C. none D. some
答案:B。考查不定代词。所填词与not构成全部否定,四个选项中只有any与not可以构成not any,等于none,表全部否定,故选B。
36.(2011·海淀第二学期期末,26)Scientists have discovered remarkable evidence showing how the body rebuilds ______ while we sleep.
A.itself B.ourselves
C.it D.us
答案:A。考查代词。句意:科学家们已经发现表明睡眠时身体是怎样自我重建的明显的证据。从句意可知此处指的是身体自身,故用反身代词itself,选A。
37.(2011·海淀期中,32)—Have you heard about Apple iPhone 4?
—Sure. It is very hot these days. I'm thinking about getting ________.
A.one B.them
C.that D.it
答案:A。考查代词。句意:——你听说过Apple iPhone 4吗?——当然听说过,这些日子它很流行。我正想着买一个。由语境可知,我想买一个(an Apple iPhone 4),故选one。
38.(2011·重庆二诊,28)Science can be a force for evil as well as for good, whose applications can be channeled ________ way, depending on our decisions.21世纪教育网
A.both B.another
C.neither D.either
答案:D。考查不定代词。句意:科学是一把双刃剑,它既可以是邪恶的力量也可以是好的力量,这取决于我们的决定。语境为“两者或两者任一”且空后的名词way为单数形式,故只能选either。易错选A。忽略空后名词way为单数而误选both。
39.(2011·东北三省四市联考,26)Talking about buying cars, I prefer a car less than 100, 000 yuan to ________over the amount.
A.this B.it
C.that D.one
答案:D。考查代词用法。句意:谈到买车,我更喜欢买一部十万元以下的车,而不是十万以上的车。句子的核心结构为:prefer a car to a_car...这里是泛指的一辆车(a car),故用one替代。it指同一个人或物;that特指同类人或物,可指代单词可数名词,也可指代不可数名词。易错选B。没有意识到it为特指,且表同类同物(同一个),而语境中是泛指(一辆车)而误选。
40.(2011·东北三校二模,23)The school's Drama Association will be giving a big show tonight and two ________ next week.
A.another B.other
C.else D.more
答案:D。考查代词。句意:校戏剧协会今晚将要举行一次盛大的演出,下周还有另外两场。more“另外的”。如:I'll take three more.我再要三个。other需要修饰名词,不能单独使用;else修饰不定代词、疑问代词、疑问副词,不修饰数词。易错选A。another也可表示“另外的”,但需放在数词前。如:I'll take another three.我再要三个。
41.(2011·沈阳二模,12)—Mary's skirt is a real bargain.
—________ must be in a secondhand shop that she bought it.
A.That B.This
C.It D.There
答案:C。考查特殊句式。句意:——Mary的裙子真是便宜。——她肯定是在二手商店里买的。分析第二个句子可知,其为含有情态动词的强调句型,被强调的是地点状语in a secondhand shop。转换成陈述句后为:She must have bought it in a secondhand shop.
42.(2011·石家庄二模,13)—Which T-shirt do you like best?
—________. They are both out of fashion and expensive.
A.None B.Neither
C.Any D.Both
答案:A。考查不定代词的用法。句意:——你最喜欢哪件T恤衫?——哪件也不喜欢,它们过时并且太贵。由第一句中的best可知指代的范围是三者或三者以上,故表示“三者或三者以上中没有一个”用none,选A。
43.(2011·太原基础知识测试,29)—Mary and Betty look exactly the same to me.
—Oh, sometimes I also find it hard to tell one from ________.
A.another B.other
C.the other D.the others
答案:C。考查不定代词。句意:——Mary和Betty对我来说看起来一模一样。——哦,有时我也很难分辨谁是谁。tell A from B“辨认A和B”为固定搭配,表示两者中的一个和另一个用one和the other。易错选A。忽略语境中代词的指代范围是Mary和Betty两者之间,认为是one与another的搭配而误选。
44.(2011·河南示范高中适应性测试,23)Many of the exhibits were damaged in the fire and ________ were totally destroyed.
A.all B.both
C.much D.some
答案:D。考查代词。句意:很多展品在火灾中遭到损坏,而且有一些被彻底毁掉。由语境可知“遭受火灾破坏的许多(many)展品中有一些(some)被彻底毁掉”。故选some。易错选A、C。没有注意两个并列句中many和all的逻辑矛盾而误选A;没有意识到much只能指代不可数名词,而语境中指的是可数名词exhibits。
45.(2011·济南4月模拟,24)—It smells great!
—It's just green tea. Would you like ________?
A.this B.one
C.it D.some
答案:D。考查不定代词。句意:——味道真棒!——这只是绿茶,你要不要来点?some在此指代不可数名词“茶水”,符合语境;this和it都是特指,指代上句中的“绿茶”,不符合语境和逻辑;one代替可数名词的单数形式,此处“茶水”是不可数的,故排除one。
46.(2011·济南一模,23)We asked both Tonny and Jerry, but ________ could offer any help.
A.either B.all
C.none D.neither
答案:D。考查不定代词。句意:我们问了Tonny和Jerry,但是两个人谁也不能提供任何帮助。语境表明是“两者中任何一个都不”,故选neither。 either两者中任何一个;all三者或三者以上所有的;none三者或三者以上都不。
47.(2011·江南十校二模,21)—What would you like to eat here?
—________ except the noodles, which are not to my taste.
A.Anything B.Nothing
C.Something D.Everything
答案:A。在交际用语中考查不定代词的用法。句意:——你想吃这里的什么?——除了面条不对我口味外,什么都可以。anything在此处意为“随便什么食物”。易错选D。认为everything为表示全体意义的词,except为从整体中除去部分而没有注意到everything的词义(一切东西)和第一句中的here造成误选。
48.(2011·皖南八校第三次联考,27)Jack believes that he knows his wife's business better than she knows it________.
A.oneself B.herself
C.itself D.himself
答案:B。考查反身代词。句意:Jack认为他比妻子本人还要熟悉她的业务。由题意可知she的反身代词应为herself。易错选C。易忽略句意受it的影响而误选C。
49.(2011·合肥第三次质检,22)I'd like to find a job, ________ where I can do something serious but interesting.
A.the one B.one
C.which D.that
答案:B。考查代词。句意:我想找一份工作,一份严肃又有趣的工作。代词one替代名词a job,作a job的同位语,where引导定语从句修饰先行词one。易错选A。受句子结构的影响,误认为有定语从句修饰,为特指。但所提到的名词是泛指(a job),故加the错误。
50.(2011·合肥第二次质检,23)Make sure you've got the keys, cell phones and ________ before you leave home.
A.nothing B.anything
C.everything D.something
答案:C。考查不定代词。句意:离开家以前确保你把钥匙、手机等带在身上。everything一切所需要之物,用在此处带有总结的性质,类似于汉语“A、B和C等”中的“等”字的功能,符合语境。易错选B。若用anything“任何(重要的)事物”其后需接else。
51.(2011·苏锡常镇一调,21)________ there is going to be a policy change, ________ of those things is going to change.
A.Unless; few B.Until; few
C.Unless; none D.Until; none
答案:C。考查连词和不定代词。句意:如果没有政策变化,那些事情是不会改变的。由语境可知,政策变化是事情变化的条件,而非时间,故排除until。易错选A。当few作句子主语时,谓语动词应该用复数形式,所以和句中的is矛盾。
52.(2011·苏锡常镇一调,34)Mistakes will happen. Accept ________ and learn from ________.
A.it; them B.them; it
C.it; it D.them; them
答案:A。考查代词辨析。句意:错误总是会发生的。要接受它,并学会从错误中学习。从句意可知:it指代前面句子Mistakes will happen;them指代名词mistakes。易错选D。误认为两个选项都替代mistakes,但这样就使前后句意重复,故排除。
53.(2011·南京二模,22)Your plan, as well as his, sounds original. But the company, I think, won't approve ________ of them, for they are unrealistic.
A.any B.both [来源:21世纪教育网]
C.each D.either
答案:D。考查不定代词。句意:你和他的计划都听起来很新颖,但是我认为公司不会赞同任何一个,因为它们都是不现实的。not either=neither两者都不。易错选C、A、B。因忽略each的指代范围是≥2和英语表达习惯(即直接用The company won't approve them而不用each of)而误选C;因忽略any指的是三者或三者以上,而语境中指的是两者而误选A;因忽略not both为部分否定而误选B。
54.(2011·杭州质检二,4)Mr. Declan was very angry when he found his son had ________ of his warning and went to the bar with his friends.
A.nothing B.neither
C.none D.either
答案:C。考查不定代词和搭配。句意:当Declan先生发现他儿子无视他的警告和朋友们一起去酒吧时很是生气。have none of“忽视,不理会,对……置之不理”符合语境。
55.(2011·福建名校样本分析考试,22)A man who shows no honour should expect ________ from a gentleman.
A.no one B.nothing
C.no D.none
答案:D。句意:不懂得尊重别人的人就不要期待从别人那里得到尊重。考查不定代词。none作expect的宾语,表否定含义。易错选B。nothing无事,无物,没什么。没有范围限制。但本句是有范围的,是对前面honour的否定,而none往往有范围限制,此句中none=no honour。
56.(2011·福建名校样本分析,30)The Internet and the effect ________ brought about did a lot of good to our daily life and work.
A.that B.what
C.which D.it
答案:D。考查代词。句意:网络以及它带来的影响对我们的日常生活和工作有很大的好处。it是替代词,代替前面的名词the Internet,it brought about是定语从句,修饰先行词effect。易错选A、C。认为brought about缺主语,需找关系代词,但同时about缺宾语,所以it作主语,关系代词that或which代替effect作about的宾语,因为关系代词作宾语可以省去,故选D。
57.(2011·福建质检,30)—Linda, we've used up all the paper.
—Well, I'll buy ________ this faternoon.
A.many B.them
C.some D.one
答案:C。考查代词。句意:——Linda,所有的纸都用完了。——哦,今天下午我会去买一些。some“一些,若干”。既可以替代可数名词的复数,也可替代不可数名词,此处指代不可数名词“纸”。如:①Some of the students are from the North. 有些学生是北方人。②Some of the meat has gone bad.一些肉已经坏了。many许多,代替可数名词的复数。如:I don't need so many.我不需要这么多。one指代泛指的单数可数名词,相当于a(n)+单数名词。易错选A。忽略了“纸”是物质名词,是不可数的或没有意识到many只能替代可数名词而误选。
58.(2011·桂林一模,24)—How much salt did you put in the soup?
—I'm sorry to say, ________. I forgot.
A.not a little B.no one
C.none D.nothing
答案:C。考查不定代词。句意;——你在汤里放了多少盐?——很不好意思说,一点也没有,我忘记了。none在此表示“(在……范围内)一点也没有”。not a little=much许多;no one没有一个人;nothing什么也没有(无范围)。易错选D。因不能区分none和nothing有无范围限制造成误选。
59.(2011·西安八校联考,20)—Which do you like, tea or coffee?
—If you don't mind, I like ________ of them. Please give me apple juice.
A.neither B.either
C.none D.both
答案:A。考查不定代词。句意:——你喜欢哪一样,茶还是咖啡?——如果你不介意的话,两者我都不喜欢,请给我苹果汁。从答句后半句可知,第二个说话的人既不喜欢茶也不喜欢咖啡。因为是对两者的否定,故排除none(三者或三者以上都不)选neither(两者都不)。易错选C。没有意识到语境中是对两者的否定,忽略不定代词的指代范围而误选。
60.(2011·乌鲁木齐二诊,23)Trees are useful to man. They provide him with food and ________ products.
A.any B.many
C.other D.some
答案:C。考查限定词的用法。句意:树木对人类是有益的,它们为人类提供食物和其他的产品。从逻辑范畴来看,food也属于product之列,故需用other把自身排除在外。
61.(2011·成都三诊,5)—Did you finally reach the top of the mountain?
—Yes. Even I myself didn't believe that I could make ______.
A.one B.it
C.that D.this
答案:B。考查固定短语。句意:——你最终到达山顶了么?——是的,甚至我自己都不相信我能做到。make it“办成,做到,成功做成某事”为固定结构。[来源:21世纪教育网]
62.(2011·昆明质检,4)—Excuse me. Any bookstore around here?
—Oh, look, there is ________ over there next to the cinema.
A.that B.one
C.it D.another
答案:B。考查代词。句意:——打扰一下,这附近有书店吗?——噢,看,那边挨着影院就有一家书店。由语境可知这里是泛指的一家书店,故用one, one=a bookstore。
63.(2011·枣庄二模,24)I don't think ________ of his parents are at home. They usually go out for a walk at the moment.
A.one B.any
C.either D.neither
答案:C。考查代词用法。either“(两者中)任何一个”;any“(三者或三者以上)任何一个”;neither(两者)都不。句意:我认为他的父母都不在家,他们通常在这个时候出去散步。
64.(2011·合肥二模,25)To know more about the British Museum, one can use the Internet or go to the library, or ________.21世纪教育网
A.neither B.some
C.all D.both
答案:D。考查代词。句中的the Internet or go to the library中or表示二者择其一,此题使用both表示两者皆可。
65.(2011·包头一模,22)—Keep ________ in mind that you have to be home by 10 o'clock.
—OK, I will.
A.it B.this
C.one D.these
答案:A。考查代词。此处it作形式宾语,真正的宾语为后面that引导的句子that you have to be home by 10 o'clock。形式宾语和形式主语只有it可以充当。
66.(2011·烟台二模,30)While traveling, Peter never enjoys visiting large cities because he thinks one city is much like ________.
A.the other B.another
C.the others D.others
答案:B。考查代词。“……他认为一个城市和另一个很相似”,another泛指三者或三者以上的另一个。the other特指两者中的另一个;the others特指其余的(复数意义);others泛指其余的(复数意义)。
67.(2011·衡水一模,27)I would appreciate ________, to be frank, if my cell phone could be fixed as soon as possible.
A.you B.it
C.this D.myself
答案:B。考查代词。英语中表示情感的动词appreciate, like, dislike, hate,love等后面一般不直接跟从句作宾语,一般先接it,后面再接when/if引导的从句。
68.(2011·淄博二模,28)—There are no relative articles on the Internet. What shall we do?
—My God! There are always not any useful articles when you want ________.
A.one B.it
C.that D.any
答案:A。考查代词。代词one用于代指article,为泛指。
69.(2011·资阳一模,25)We should make full use of whatever happens to us. There is always ________ to learn from every experience.
A.nothing B.anything
C.something D.everything
答案:C。考查代词。句意:我们应该充分利用发生在我们身上的事情。每种经历总有我们要学习的东西。此处something表示“某事,某物,某种东西”,符合题意。
70.(2011·兰州一模,26)—How do you find your new classmates?
—Most of them are kind, but ________ is so good to me as Bruce.
A.none B.no one
C.everyone D.someone
答案:A。考查代词。but表示前后意义存在转折,none表示“在某个范围之内没有人”,符合题意。no one“没有任何人”,表泛指,无特定范围,与句中your new classmates不符,故选A。
71. (2011·南平适应性考试,22)The Smiths prefer a house in the country to spend their late years to ________ in a large city.
A. one B. it
C. those D. this
答案:A。考查代词。句意:史密斯夫妇愿意在乡下的房子里度过他们的晚年,而不愿在大城市(的房子里)。由句意可知,选one指代前面的可数名词a house表泛指。
72.(2011·宜宾适应性测试,4)Do you like ________ when someone speaks to you without looking at you?
A.that B.him
C.it D.those
答案:C。考查it的用法。句意:你喜欢别人不看你和你说话吗?it在此指代从句when someone speaks to you without looking at you。再如:I hate it when people talk with their mouths full。
73. (2011·辽宁网上诊断联考,22)Your new teacher will be a nice young woman, ________ all of you will like.
A. one B. the one
C. that D. she
答案:A。 考查代词用法。这里的one作的是前面句子中a nice young woman的同位语,即不特指的可数名词单数,所以答案不能选择特指的代词。
74. (2011·莆田适应性练习,22)—Which do you prefer, tea or coffee?
—________. I really don't mind.
A. Both B. None
C. Neither D. Either
答案:D。考查代词。由答语“I really don't mind.”可知,“(两者中)任何一者”皆可。either“(两者中)任何一个”符合句意。both“两者全部”;none“(三者或三者以上)都不”;neither“(两者中)都不”。
75.(2011·漳州质检,34) Mr. Green asked me to borrow a book for him,________ about how to be a good volunteer.
A. it B. one
C. ones D. which
答案:B。考查代词。句意:格林先生要我借他一本书,一本怎样成为一名优秀志愿者的书。one在此指代前面的a book,并且作a book的同位语;it指代同一物;该题易误选D项,若空后加上was,D项才对。
76.(2011·德阳三诊,3)—Can you lend me an eraser?
—Sorry, I haven't got ________.
A.this B.it 21世纪教育网[来源:21世纪教育网]
C.that D.one
答案:D。考查代词。句意:——能否借我一块橡皮?——对不起,我没有橡皮。由句意可知,选one指代an eraser;it指代同一物;that指代不可数名词。
77.(2011·临川一中五月模拟,34)People think that the beauty of the mountains is greater than ________ of the desert.
A. one B. the one
C. those D. that
答案:D。考查代词。句意:人们认为山比沙漠美丽。由句意可知,选that,指代不可数名词beauty。the one 只能指代可数名词单数,故不选。
78.(2011·烟台适应性练习,34)The party last month really gave me a lot of fun.So can we have ________ this month, Mr. James?
A.any B.one
C.another D.the other
答案:C。考查代词。句意:上个月的晚会给了我很多快乐。吉姆斯先生,这个月我们能再开一次吗?由句意可知,选another,表示“再一,又一”。
79.(2011·耀华中学二模,11)He walks and talks like he's ________.But all of us know he's nobody.
A.anybody B.somebody
C.everybody D.nobody
答案:B。考查代词。句意:他走路和说话好像自己是个什么重要人物,但是我们都知道他什么都不是。由句意可知,选somebody,somebody在此意为“重要人物”。
80.(2011·南开中学5月月考,32) If we see this conflict only from one side or ________, we will be blind to the truth.
A. any other B. other
C. others D. the other
答案:D。考查代词。句意:如果我们仅仅从一方或另一方来看待这一冲突,我们将无视事实。看待事物应该从正反两面看待,所以是one...the other。
81.(2011·盐城中学二模,30)My next-door neighbor the Wangs' house has been broken into three times in the past two years,________ resulting in their great loss.
A. all B. which
C. either D. both
答案:A。考查代词。句意:过去的两年中,我的邻居老王家被人闯入过三次,都造成了巨大损失。由三次可知,选all。
第1章 专题4数词、介词与连词
1.(2011·全国卷,14)This shop will be closed for repairs ________ further notice.
A.with B.until
C.for D.at21世纪教育网
答案:B。句意:这家商店将停业装修,营业时间另行通知。until表示“直到……为止”。
2.(2011·全国卷,19)It was a nice meal, ________ a little expensive.
A.though B.whether
C.as D.since
答案:A。句意:尽管这顿饭有点儿贵,但还是很不错的。though“尽管”;whether“是否”;as“因为,当……时”;since“自从”。
3.(2011·湖北卷,30)When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster,many teachers would prefer to see him step aside ________ younger men.
A.in terms of B.in need of
C.in favor of D.in praise of
答案:C。本题考查短语介词。句意:当被问起对于校长的看法时,许多老师更愿意校长给年轻点儿的让位。in favor of 意为:支持,有利于。同step aside搭配起来意为:给…… 让位。
4.(2011·重庆卷,24)Shirley, a real book lover, often brings home many books to read ________ the library.
A.in B.for
C.by D.from
答案:D。本题考查介词的用法。句意:Shirley,一个图书爱好者,经常从图书馆往家带书看。bring sth.from some place从某个地方带……,符合题意。
5.(2011·重庆卷,22)It is still under discussion ________ the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.
A.whether B.when
C.which D.where
答案:A。本题考查连词的用法。句意:是否用现代化的宾馆代替旧车站的问题仍在讨论中。根据句式结构可知,本题为主语从句,whether...or not“是否”。符合题意。
6.(2011·四川卷,4)Frank insisted that he was not asleep ________ I had great difficulty in waking him up.
A.whether B.although
C.for D.so
答案:B 本题考查关系连词。句意:虽然我费了好大的劲儿把他叫醒,可是弗兰克坚持说自己没有睡着。从前后的句意来看,不存在因果关系,排除C,D两个选项。而A表示:是否,也不符合本句的语境。所以从句中的“not asleep”“difficulty”两个词的反差来看,存在转折关系。
7.(2011·四川卷,6)As is reported, it is 100 years ________ Qinghua University was founded.
A.when B.before
C.after D.since
答案:D。本题考查关系连词。句意:正如报道的那样,清华大学建校100周年了。从句中动词的时态“was founded”来看,since一词最合适。
8.(2011·四川卷,8)Nick, it's good for you to read some books ________ China before you start your trip there.
A.in B.for
C.of D.on
答案:D。本题考查介词。句意:尼克,在你启程去那里之前,读一读关于中国的书比较好。on China意思是:关于中国方面的,即,书的内容是介绍中国情况的。而 of China则可能是来自中国的,或中国出版的等。
9.(2011·新课标卷,25)—Someone wants you on the phone.
—________ nobody knows I am here.
A.Although B.And
C.But D.So
答案:C 本题考查连词的用法。句意:——有人给你打电话。——但是没有人知道我在这儿。根据上下句之间的关系可知,此处表示转折,故C项正确。although引导让步状语从句;and表示并列;so表示因果,均不合题意。
10.(2011·新课标卷,30)The form cannot be signed by anyone ________ yourself.
A.rather than B.other than
C.more than D.better than
答案:B 本题考查固定短语的用法。句意:这个表除了你自己外其他人不能签名。rather than“而不是”;other than“除了”;more than“多于”;better than“好于”。
11.(2011·山东卷,26)I'm afraid he's more of a talker than a doer, which is________he never finishes anything.
A. that B. when
C. where D. why
答案:D。本题考查连词的用法。句意:恐怕他说的比做的多。这就是他从来都完不成任何事情的原因。本句为表语从句,且从句中缺少状语,根据句意,D项正确。句型that's why...“那就是……的原因”。
12.(2011·山东卷,28)He had his camera ready________he saw something that would make a good picture.
A. even if B. if only
C. in case D. so that
答案:C。本题考查连词的用法。句意:他准备好了相机,万一他看到能成为好照片的东西。even if“即使”;if only“要是……就好了”;in case“万一,以防”;so that“以便”。
13.(2011·山东,30)I'm sorry I didn't phone you, but I've been very busy________ the past couple of weeks.
A. beyond B. with
C. among D. over
答案:D。本题考查介词的用法。句意:对不起,我没给你打电话,但是在过去的几周里我一直很忙。beyond“超过,超出,在(向)……的那一边”;with“与,和,具有”;among“在……之间”;over在此表示“在……期间,经过(一段)时间”。
14.(2011·江苏,32)We'd better discuss everything________before we work out the plan.
A.in detail B.in general
C.on purpose D.on time
答案:A。本题考查介词短语。句意:我们最好详细的讨论一切之后才能制定计划。in detail“详细地”;in general “一般说来”;on purpose “故意地”;on time“准时”。由句意可知A项正确。
15.(2011·天津,5)______regular exercise is very important, it's never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime.
A.If B.As
C.Although D.Unless
答案:C。本题考查状语从句的连词。由主从句的结构可知,两者之间为转折关系,故应用although引导该从句。if “如果”,unless“除非,如果不”,两者均引导条件状语从句; as “因为;当……的时候”,引导原因状语从句或时间状语从句,作“尽管”讲引导让步状语从句时该从句常用倒装结构。句意:尽管有规律的锻炼很重要,但睡觉前锻炼绝不是一个好主意。
16.(2011·天津,11)He was a good student and scored______average in most subjects.
A.below B.of
C.on D.above
答案:D。本题考查介词短语的搭配。below average “在平均水平以下”;on average “平均来说”;above average“在平均水平以上”。由He was a good student...可知D项正确。句意:他是一个好学生,大部分科目得分都在平均水平以上。
17.(2011·辽宁卷,31)Bring the flowers into a warm room______they'll soon open.
A.or B.and
C.but D.for
答案:B。本题考查连词的用法。句意:如果把花拿到温室里去,它们很快就开了。本题为“祈使句+and+简单句”结构,祈使句相当于if引导的条件状语从句。
18.(2011·福建卷,22)______good service, the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional Fujian dishes.
A.Far from B.Apart from
C.Instead of D.Regardless of21世纪教育网
答案:B。本题考查介词短语。句意:除了好的服务外,这家餐馆还提供不同种类的传统福建美食。far from“离……远,远非”;apart from“除……之外(还)”;instead of“代替,而不是”;regardless of“不管”。由句意可知B项正确。
19.(2011·安徽卷,25)Sometimes proper answers are not far to seek________ food safety problems.
A. in B. to
C. on D. after
答案:B。考查介词用法。句意:有时,关于食品安全问题的答案不难找到。介词短语to food safety problems修饰answers。answer常与介词to搭配,意为“……的答案”。
20. (2011·北京卷,35)With new technology, pictures of underwater valleys can be taken ________ color.
A. by B. for
C. with D. in
答案:D。本题考查介词。句意:有了新技术,水下山谷的图片可以从颜色方面被拍摄。by“经由,通过”;for“为了,对于”;with“随着,带有”;in“在……方面”。
21.(2011·北京卷,29)________ volleyball is her main focus, she's also great at basketball.
A. Since B. Once
C. Unless D. While
答案:D。本题考查状语从句。句意:尽管排球是她的主要重点,她对篮球也很擅长。since引导时间状语从句,意为“自从……以来”,还可引导原因状语从句,意为“既然”;once引导条件状语从句,意为“一旦”;unless引导条件状语从句,意为“除非”;while在此引导让步状语从句,意为“尽管,虽然”。
22.(2011·湖南卷,33)Jack wasn't saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him ________ he had done something very clever.
A.as if B.in case
C.while D.thought
答案:A。本题考查状语从句的引导词。句意:杰克什么也没说,但是老师朝他笑着,就好像他做了非常聪明的事情。as if“好像”;in case“以防万一”;while“当……时候,而,却”;though“尽管”。由句意可知A为正确选项。
23.(2011·陕西卷,17)The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be________the present one.
A. as three times big as B. three times as big as
C. as big as three times D. as big three times as
答案:B。考查倍数结构。句意:为下一届亚运会正在兴建的新的体育馆将会是现有的三倍大。根据倍数结构“倍数+as 形容词原级as”可知B项正确。
24.(2011·陕西卷,19)________all of them are strong candidates, only one will be chosen for the post.
A. Since B. While
C. If D. As
答案:B。考查从属连词引导让步状语从句。句意:尽管他们都是强有力的候选人,但是只有一位会被选中担任此职。since和if没有“尽管”之意,不能引导让步状语从句,首先被排除;另外,as引导的让步状语从句必需采用倒装语序,在此不符合句子要求;while有“尽管”之意,它所引导的让步状语从句常常置于主句之前。
25.(2011·江西卷,27)The house was too expensive and too big. ________, I'd grown fond of our little rented house.
A.Besides B.Therefore
C.Somehow D.Otherwise
答案: A。本题考查副词的辨析。句意:那座房子太贵太大了。除此之外,我早已经喜欢上我们租的小房子了。besides“除此之外,除了”;therefore“因此”;somehow“不知怎么的”;otherwise“否则的话”。
26.(2011·江西,29)Please call my secretary to arrange a meeting this afternoon, or ________ it is convenient to you.
A.whenever B.however
C.whichever D.wherever
答案:A。本题考查状语从句。句意:请给我的秘书打电话让他今天下午或者对你来说方便的任何时候安排会议。whenever“任何时候”;however“无论多么”;whichever“无论哪一个”;wherever“无论什么地方”。由前面的时间状语this afternoon可知此处用whenever引导状语从句。[来源:21世纪教育网]
27.(2010·重庆卷)The dictionary is what I want,but I don't have enough money ______ me.
A.by B.for
C.in D.with
答案:D。考查介词。with在此表示“在……身边,在……身上”。
28.(2010·江西卷)We give dogs time,space and love we can spare,and ______,dogs give us their all.
A.in all B.in fact
C.in short D.in return
答案:D。考查介词短语。句意:我们抽出时间、空间和爱给予狗,而狗回报给我们的则是它们的全部。in all“总共”;in fact“实际上”;in short“简而言之”;in return“作为报答”。
29.(2010·江西卷)Nowadays some hospitals refer to patients ______ name,not case number.
A.of B.as
C.by D.with
答案:C。考查介词辨析。句意:如今有些医院是以姓名来查阅患者的,而不是凭病例编号(去查询的)。by name“按姓名”。
30.(2010·湖北卷)It is illegal for a public official to ask people for gifts or money ______ favors to them.
A.in preference to B.in place of
C.in agreement with D.in exchange for
答案:D。考查介词短语。句中favors是指官员为他人做的事情,them指people。句意:对于一个公务员来说,为人们做点好事就向人们要钱要物是不合法的。A项in preference to是“优先于”的意思;B项in place of是“代替”的意思;C项in agreement with是“与……一致”的意思;D项in exchange for是“交换”的意思。显然,D项符合题意。
31.(2010·天津卷)My father warned me ______ going to the West Coast because it was crowded with tourists.
A.by B.on
C.for D.against
答案:D。考查介词辨析。warn sb. against(doing) sth.表示“警告某人不要做某事”。
32.(2010·陕西卷)John thinks it won't be long ______ he is ready for his new job.
A.when B.after
C.before D.since
答案:C。考查连词辨析。句意:约翰认为要不了多久他就会为新工作做好准备的。before在此处表示两件事情发生相隔时间之长或之短。表示相隔时间之长时,常被翻译成“过了/要过……后才”,表示相隔时间之短时常被翻译成“还没/未/要不了多久就……”。
33.(2010·北京卷)Would you mind not picking the flowers in the garden?They are ______ everyone's enjoyment.
A.in B.at
C.for D.to
答案:C。考查介词。for表示“为了”,即这些花是给所有人欣赏的。
34. (2010·福建卷)More and more high-rise buildings have been built in big cities ______ space.
A.in search of B.in place of
C.for lack of D.for fear of
答案:C。考查介词短语。句意:由于缺少空间城市里建起了越来越多的摩天大楼。for lack of“因缺乏”,符合题意。in search of“寻找”;in place of“代替”;for fear of“唯恐,以免”。
35.(2010·四川卷)Tired,Jim was fast asleep with his back______a big tree.
A.in B.below
C.beside D.against
答案:D。考查介词。against“靠,倚”。句意:疲倦了,吉姆背靠着一棵大树很快就睡着了。
36. (2009·北京卷)John plays basketball well, ______ his favorite sport is badminton.
A. so B. or
C. yet D. for
答案:C。本题前后两句之间表转折关系。so作连词时意为“因此”,表结果;for作连词时意为“因为,由于”,表原因;or作连词时意为“或,或者”,表选择;只有C选项作连词时为“然而,但是”,表转折。
37. (2009·北京卷)You may use the room as you like ______ you clean it up afterwards.
A. so far as B. so long as
C. in case D. even if
答案:B。句意:只要你能负责打扫这间房子,你就可以使用它。so far as“到……为止”;so long as“只要”,表条件;in case“以防,万一”;even if“即使”,故只有B选项符合句意。
38. (2009·四川卷)Owen wouldn't eat anything ______ he cooked it himself.
A. until B. since
C. unless D. while
答案:C。考查连词。until“到……为止”;since“自从”;unless“如果不;除非”;while“当……时候;然而”。句意:除非Owen亲自做饭,否则他不愿吃什么的。故C项正确。
39. (2009·重庆卷)Peter was so excited ______ he received an invitation from his friend to visit Chongqing.
A. where B. that
C. why D. when
答案:D。考查学生灵活运用知识的能力。考生很容易见到so就选择that,而不去考虑句子的意思。在so ...that句型中,that引导结果状语从句,但在本句中,后半部分指的是时间,所以选D。
40. (2009·山东卷)—Shall we have our picnic tomorrow?
—______ it doesn't rain.
A. Until B. While
C. Once D. If
答案:D。本题考查连词,要根据上面的语境进行补全对话。答句句意:如果明天不下雨的话,我们明天将去野炊。
41. (2009·辽宁卷)Children need friends ______ their own age to play with.
A.of B.for
C.in D.at
答案:A。此题考查介词短语。of their own age意思是“和他们一样的年龄”,在句子中作定语。句意:孩子们需要和同龄朋友一起玩耍。
42. (2009·山东卷)It saves time in the kitchen to have things you use a lot ______ easy reach.
A. near B. upon
C. within D. around
答案:C。本题考查介词。短语within easy reach意思是“在容易达到……的地方、在……的附近”。根据句子的意思“在厨房中把东西放在你容易达到的地方节省时间”。
43. (2009·四川卷)A great person is always putting others' interests ______ his own.
A. below B. above
C. in D. on
答案:B。考查介词词义辨析。below“在……之下”;above“在……上方;超出”;in“在……之内”;on“在……之上;依附于”。句意:伟人常常把大家的利益置于自身利益之上。故B项正确。
44. (2009·全国卷)Everybody was touched ______ words after they heard her moving story.
A. beyond B.without
C. of D.in
答案:A。考查介词。beyond words“无法用语言表达”;without a word“一声没吭”;in word“口头上”。从语境知,大家被感动得无法用语言来表达,故A项正确。
45. (2009·福建卷)—How amazing it is that astronauts are exploring outer space!
—It's a challenge, I guess, ______ man against nature.
A. of B. for
C. by D. about
答案:A。考查介词。应答句中的I guess是插入语,因此所填介词与challenge连用,表所属,用of,选A。答句的意思是“我猜想,它是人对自然的挑战”。
46. (2009·天津卷)The art show was ______ being a failure; it was a great success.
A. far from B. along with
C. next to D. regardless of
答案:A。考查介词短语。句意:这个艺术展览决不是失败,而是一个巨大的成功。短语far from“远非,决不”;along with“除某物之外”;next to“几乎;靠近”;regardless of“不管,不顾”。
47. (2009·江苏卷)This special school accepts all disabled students, ______ educational level and background.
A. according to B. regardless of
C. in addition to D. in terms of
答案:B。考查介词短语辨析。according to“根据”;regardless of“不管”;in addition to“除……之外”;in terms of“按照”。句意:这所特殊的学校接收所有残疾学生,不论他们的教育水平和背景。故C项正确。
48. (2009·全国卷)Jenny nearly missed the flight ______ doing too much shopping.
A. as a result of B. on top of
C. in front of D. in need of
答案:A。考查介词短语。as a result of“由于……的结果”。句意:由于购物太多,Jenny差点错过了航班。on top of“在……上面,完全控制着”; in front of“在……前面”; in need of“需要”。
49. (2009·湖北卷) You'd sound a lot more polite if you make a request ______ a question.
A. in search of B. in the form of
C. in need of D. in the direction of
答案:B。考查介词短语。in search of“寻找”;in the form of“以……的方式”;in need of“需要”; in the direction of“朝……方向”。句意:如果你以问题的形式来提出要求就会听起来有礼貌得多。
50.(2011·海淀第二学期期末,21)________ I noticed the puzzled look on his face, I realized that he didn't understand me.
A.Although B.When
C.Unless D.Until
答案:B。句意:当我留意到他脸上困惑的表情时,我意识到他没有明白我的意思。考查连词。此处为when“当……时候”引导的时间状语从句。although“虽然,尽管”引导让步状语从句;unless(=if...not)“除非”引导条件状语从句;until“直到……才”引导时间状语从句。易错选D。没有理解句意,认为是not...until结构而误选。
51.(2011·海淀第二学期期末,23)—Here's your paycheck for this month.
—Ah, that's music ________ my ears!
A.to B.for
C.in D.at
答案:A。句意:——这是你本月的薪水。——啊,这消息真让我高兴。考查介词。That's music to my ears.“这消息真让我高兴”符合语境。
52.(2011·海淀期中,35)The woman pulled her hat low down ________ her eyes in order not to be recognized by the angry crowds.
A.under B.below
C.on D.over21世纪教育网
答案:D。句意:为了不被愤怒的人群认出来,那位女士把帽子拉低盖住了眼睛。考查介词。由语境可知“帽子遮住了眼睛”,应用over。易选B,只注意到below表示空间位置时意为“位置低于某处”,没有意识到语境中“帽子和眼睛”之间的位置关系只能是“遮盖”而造成误选。
53.(2011·东城练习二,21)It's a good idea to get students to retell a story ________ their own words.
A.of B.in
C.by D.through
答案:B。句意:让学生用自己的话复述课文不失为一种好办法。考查介词。in one's own words“用某人自己的话”,固短语。
54.(2011·东城练习二,35)You can't complain of being lonely ________ you don't make any effort to meet people.
A.until B.when
C.once D.though
答案:B。句意:既然你没有努力去和人打交道,你就不能抱怨孤独。考查连词。when“既然”,引导原因状语从句,其他选项逻辑关系错误。
55.(2011·西城二模,24)She is fed up with sharing a house with others;________, she is looking for her own flat.
A.moreover B.otherwise
C.however D.therefore
答案:D。句意:她厌倦了和别人享用一套房子,因此她正在寻找自己的公寓。考查副词辨析。therefore副词兼连词,意为“因此,所以”,表示因果关系,moreover“而且,此外”,表示递进关系;otherwise副词兼连词,意为“否则,要不然,不同地”;however“可是,然而”,副词兼连词,表示转折关系。
56.(2011·西城二模,32)When Thanksgiving Day is ________ the corner, stores and supermarkets are busy with people.
A.around B.on
C.with D.at
答案:A。句意:当感恩节即将来临时,商店和超市挤满了人。考查介词短语。around the corner为固定搭配,意为“即将来临”。
57.(2011·西城二模,35)—I don't care for baseball.
—How can you say you don't like something ________ you've never even tried it!
A.till B.after
C.unless D.when21世纪教育网
答案:D。句意:——我不喜欢棒球。——如果你甚至从来没有尝试过的话,你怎么能说自己不喜欢某事物呢!考查连词。从句子之间的逻辑关系来看此处为肯定的条件关系“如果,假如”,when有“如果(=if)”之意,故选D。如:Call me at once when anything goes wrong with the machine.如果机器发生故障,立刻叫我。易错选C。忽略空后句子的never而误选unless(=if...not)。
58.(2011·天津十二区县联考一,4)We should spend more time doing outdoor exercise in our daily life ________ sitting before the computer, surfing some web sites or playing games.
A.as B.than
C.when D.if
答案:B。句意:在日常生活中,我们应该花更多的时间做户外运动而不是坐在电脑前浏览一些网站或玩电脑游戏。考查连词。more...than构成比较结构,符合语境。
59.(2011·天津十二区县联考一,12)—What do you think of the music teacher?
—________ she is an elegant lady, she can be extremely difficult to work with.
A.Even if B.As
C.Because D.While
答案:D。句意:——你认为那个音乐老师怎么样?——尽管她是位很优雅的女士,但她有可能会很难相处。考查连词。while“虽然,尽管”引导让步状语从句。even if“即使,虽然,纵然”;as“因为,像,当……之时,像……一样,尽管”;because“因为”。易错选A、C。虽然even if也可引导让步状语从句,但它侧重条件意味,而while侧重转折意味;as尽管也能引导让步状语从句,但从句必须倒装。
60.(2011·天津十二区县联考一,13)________ economic, political and cultural differences, it is difficult for China and America to fully understand each other.
A.In spite of B.Regardless of
C.On account of D.In terms of
答案:C。句意:因为经济、政治和文化的差异,对于中美两国来说很难完全了解彼此。考查介词短语辨析。on account of“由于,因为”表因果关系,符合语境和逻辑。in spite of“不管,尽管”;regardless of“不管,不顾”;in terms of“就……而论/言,在……方面”。
61.(2011·重庆二诊,25)It is universally true that the most successful people are those who take pride ________ their work, family, and country.
A.on B.in
C.of D.for
答案:B。句意:最成功的人们是那些为他们的工作、家庭和国家感到骄傲的人们,这是放之四海而皆准的真理。考查介词和搭配。take pride in“为……感到骄傲、自豪”。易错选C。弄混了take (a) pride in和be proud of两个搭配而误选。
62.(2011·重庆二诊,34)Julia is a popular TV personality. There she is warmly welcomed ________ she goes.
A.as long as B.if
C.even though D.where
答案:D。句意:Julia是一个受欢迎的电视名人。无论走到哪里,都受到热烈的欢迎。考查典型句式的派生形式。由经典句子Where there is a will, there is a way.可知答案为D。
63.(2011·东北三省四市联考,31)I'll never forget such a beautiful place ________ I spent my childhood there with my grandma.
A.that B.although
C.where D.because
答案:D。句意:我将永远不会忘记如此美丽的一个地方,因为我在那里和祖母一起度过了我的孩童时期。考查从句的引导词。从句意判断此处为原因状语从句,故选D。易错选A、C。这是一个陷阱题,稍不注意就会因前面的such而认为是such...that引导的结果状语从句而误选A;认为名词place是表示地点的定语从句的先行词,没有注意从句中已经有了地点状语there而误选C。实际上,空后的部分是一个完整的句子,前后为因果关系。
64.(2011·东北三省四市联考,35)More than five ________ doctors and rescuers have got to Yushu County so far.
A.thousand B.thousands
C.thousand of D.thousands of
答案:A。句意:迄今为止已经有五千多名医生和营救者到达玉树。考查数词的用法。与基数词连用时,thousand用单数形式,故答案为A。易错选B、C或D。易因忽略基数词与thousand等单位词连用时,单位词需用单数形式且不与of连用而误选B、C;忽略了thousands of(数以千计的)为概数,不和具体数字连用而误选D。
65.(2011·东北三校二模,33)It is shown that men have ________ as women do on average while driving according to recent statistics.[来源:21世纪教育网]
A.twice as many serious accidentsB.serious accidents as twice many
C.twice serious accidents as manyD.serious accidents as many twice
答案:A。句意:最近统计数据显示,当开车时,男人发生重大车祸的次数平均是女人的两倍。考查倍数表达法。倍数词twice需放在第一个as之前,因为many修饰serious accidents,所以as...as中间的顺序是many+n.,故答案为A。易错选D。表示倍数的词应该放在第一个as之前,故排除。
66.(2011·东北三校二模,34)I think you should complain—________, of course, you are happy with the way things are.21世纪教育网
A.if B.unless
C.as D.because
答案:B。句意:我认为你应该投诉——当然,除非你对现状满意。考查连词。unless=if...not。[来源:21世纪教育网]
67.(2011·沈阳二模,5)We should do what we have to do ________ we can do what we want to do in the future.
A.so that B.in case
C.for fear that D.now that
答案:A。句意:我们应该做我们必须做的事目的是我们能在未来做我们想做的事。考查状语从句的引导词。so that“以便……,为了……”在此引导目的状语从句,其后句中的can就是标志词。如:We study hard so that we can go to Beijing University in the future.从语境和逻辑关系可知A项正确。in case“以防(万一)发生某种情况”引导目的状语从句,此外in case“万一”引导条件状语从句;for fear that“害怕/担心发生某事”引导目的状语从句;now that“既然,由于”引导原因状语从句。
68.(2011·沈阳二模,7)Children should be taught to respect everyone, ________ race, sex or age.
A.in terms of B.in the face of
C.regardless of D.in place of
答案:C。句意:应该教育孩子尊重每一个人,不管其种族、性别或年龄如何。考查介词短语辨析。regardless of“不管,不顾”符合语境和搭配。in terms of“就……而言/论,在……方面”;in the face of“面对,尽管,纵然”;in place of“代替,取代”。易错选B。没有准确理解语境“不管其种族、性别或年龄”,认为in the face of有“尽管,纵然”之意而误选。in the face of用法示例:He succeeded in the face of great opposition.尽管遭到许多反对,他还是成功了。
69.(2011·石家庄二模,20)Andy can go to the cinema together with us ________ he has finished the task.
A.unless B.as soon as
C.until D.as long as
答案:D。句意:只要Andy能完成他的任务,他就能和我们一起去看电影。考查连词。由语境可知此处为肯定的条件,故用as/so long as“只要”引导条件状语从句。
70.(2011·太原基础知识测试,30)The boy was wandering through the street ________ a bike hit him.
A.when B.once
C.while D.as
答案:A。句意:那男孩正在街上闲逛时被一辆自行车撞了。考查连词。此处为be doing sth. when...“正在做某事……就在这时(突然)……”,其中的when为并列连词。易错选C。错误有二:一是忽略这是一个典型句式;二是while作并列连词时后接延续性动词或状态动词,而此处的hit为短暂性动词。
71.(2011·太原基础知识测试,33)—The machine broke down three hours ago, so all work had to be done ________.
—What a pity!
A.by hand B.in hand
C.at hand D.with hand
答案:A。句意:——三小时前这台机器出了故障,因此所有的工作都得用手做。——真遗憾!考查介词短语。by hand“用手,亲手,靠手做”。in hand“在手中,在进行中”;at hand“在手边,在附近,即将到来”。易错选D。想当然地认为with有“以,用(工具、手段)”的意思,而不知表示该意思时其后接工具而误选。如:write with a pen/pencil用钢笔/铅笔写。
72.(2011·河南示范高中适应性测试,25)________ winter is still with us, and will be for a few more weeks, warm days may still be in the forecast for your area.
A.As long as B.Even though
C.Now that D.Ever since
答案:B。句意:尽管冬天依然陪伴着我们,而且还要再陪伴我们几周,但温暖的天气仍可能会出现在你们地区的天气预报里。考查连词。由语境逻辑可知此处为让步关系,故选B。even though“即使,纵然”表示让步关系;as long as“只要”引导条件句;now that“既然,由于”表原因;ever since“自从”表时间。
73.(2011·河南示范高中适应性测试,30)Having checked everything, he sat down to do his homework, ________ he heard a flash of lightning strike the electricity pole in the backyard.
A.for B.when
C.or D.but
答案:B。句意:在检查了所有的东西之后,他坐下做作业,就在此时他听到一道闪电击中了后院里的电线杆。考查连词。语境中强调的是时间“就在这时”故选when。此语境实际上是考生很熟悉的be about to do/be going to do...when...的派生形式。
74.(2011·济南4月模拟,23)We need some more facts and figures ________ we make the final decision.
A.since B.before
C.after D.until
答案:B。句意:我们需要更多的事实和数据才能做出最后的决定。考查连词。此处考查before的特殊用法“……才”。since“自……以来”,需和完成时连用;after“在……之后”;until“直到……才”,用在肯定句时,其后的动词应该是延续性的。易错选D。忽略until用在肯定句时其后必须跟延续性动词或没有准确理解句意造成误选。
75.(2011·济南一模,22)________ children believe they can succeed, they will never become totally independent.
A.If B.Though
C.Unless D.When
答案:C。句意:除非孩子们相信他们能成功,否则的话他们永远不可能完全独立。考查连词。分析句子之间的逻辑关系可知此处为否定条件,故选unless=if...not。
76.(2011·济南一模,33)The invention of artificial hearts marked a turning point in the battle ________ heart disease.
A.among B.for
C.against D.between
答案:C。句意:人造心脏的发明标志着同心脏病作斗争的一个转折点。考查介词。against“逆着,对着,反对”。the battle against heart diease同心脏病的战斗。
77.(2011·武汉四月调测,30)We do not think the twelfth five-year plan for our city is practical ________ recent developments.
A.in view of B.in favor of
C.in case of D.in memory of
答案:A。句意:就最近的发展情况来看,我们认为我们的第12个5年城市规划是不实际的。考查介词短语。in view of“鉴于,考虑到”。易错选C。混淆了in view of和in case of的含义。
78.(2011·江南十校二模,30)—What impresses you most about your hometown?
—The street, the length of which is four times ________ it was eight years ago.
A.that B.as
C.than D.what
答案:D。句意:——家乡给你留下最深刻印象的是什么?——街道,现在街道的长度是八年前的四倍。在交际用语中考查名词替代词和表语从句引导词辨析。what引导表语从句,在从句中作表语。易错选C。认为是考查倍数的表示法而没有意识到若用than,其后的句子结构不完整造成误选。
79.(2011·江南十校二模,33)—What? You've given up working in the northern city?
—Yes. There was often such a terrible sandstorm there ________ I could hardly see on the way to and from work.
A.that B.because
C.as D.which
答案:A。句意:——什么?你已经放弃在那北方城市工作了?——是的,那里经常有如此可怕的沙尘暴以至于我上下班很难看清路。在交际用语中考查状语从句的用法。such...that“如此……以至于……”易错选C。没有准确理解句意和句子之间的逻辑关系,认为是关系代词as引导的定语从句而没有意识到从句结构完整造成误选。
80.(2011·皖南八校第三次联考,28)Policemen think that where there is violence, drugs with damaging effects on kids are always ________ it.
A.beyond B.before
C.behind D.besides
答案:C。句意:警察认为在有暴力的地方,其背后总是存在着毒品对孩子们的有害影响。考查介词。behind“在……背后”符合语境。易错选D。认为besides有“在旁边,伴随”的意思而误选。beside与besides意思不一样。
81.(2011·合肥第三次质检,25)This urban special school always accepts hearing-impaired students, ________ their educational level and background.
A.according to B.regardless of
C.in addition to D.in terms of
答案:B。句意:这所市特殊学校总是接收听力受损的学生,不管他们的教育水平和背景如何。考查介词短语。regardless of“不管,不顾”。according to“依据,按照”;in addition to“除……之外”;in terms of“就……而言”。
82.(2011·合肥第二次质检,28)How long do you suppose it is ________ he got the news?
A.before B.when
C.since D.after
答案:C。句意:你认为他得到这个消息多长时间了? 考查连词。since“自从……以来”,引导时间状语从句。易错选A。before可以用于句型:It be some time before...,但前后时态必须一致。
83.(2011·合肥第二次质检,28)The hero said he didn't think twice ________ diving into the freezing river to rescue that child.
A.before B.after
C.until D.when
答案:A。句意:那位英雄说为了救那个孩子他当时没来得及多想就跳进了冰冷的河水里。考查连词。before在此意为“还没来得及……就”,为before的四种特殊用法之一。如:He asked me a second question before I answered the first one.我还没来得及回答第一个问题,他又问了一个问题。
84.(2011·合肥市第二次质检,34)It is reported that a new planet has been discovered recently. It's ________ Earth,and hopefully it can support human life.
A.almost three times the size ofB.three times the size than
C.three times almost as large asD.almost three times as larger as21世纪教育网
答案:A。句意:据报道最近发现了一颗新行星,它的大小几乎是地球的三倍,而且有希望适宜人类生存。考查倍数表示法。本题中倍数的正确表示法有三种:①three times the size of...;②three times as large as...;③twice larger than...“几乎是三倍”用副词almost修饰three times,故正确的选项为A。易错选C。没有注意almost的位置而误选。
85.(2011·苏锡常镇一调,25)________ our foreign policy, we now have multiple threats, very few of which involve the traditional battles of the past.
A.In honour of B.In terms of
C.In the form of D.In defence of
答案:B。句意:就我们的外交政策来说,我们面临来自不同方面的威胁,但和过去的传统战争没多大关系。考查介词短语。易错选C。in the form of以……形式。
86.(2011·南京二模,26)She's got the job because she has the advantage ________ others of knowing many languages.
A.over B.above
C.against D.beyond
答案:A。句意:她得到了那份工作,因为她有超越其他人的优势,那就是她懂很多种语言。考查介词。have the advantage over sb.“胜过某人”为固定搭配。
87.(2011·南京二模,30)According to the report, this virus was never known, which had claimed countless lives, ________ it was accidentally found by a doctor.
A.unless B.since
C.so that D.until
答案:D。句意:依据那份报告,直到被一位医生偶然发现,人们才了解这种曾夺去了无数人生命的病毒。考查连词。从逻辑关系判断此处为时间状语,构成never(not)...until...“直到……才……”结构, 故选D。易错选B。若选B,主句需用现在完成时。
88.(2011·杭州质检二,5)An excellent teacher is believed to be one who devotes himself to the children but ask for nothing ________.
A.in turn B.in advance
C.in short D.in return
答案:D。句意:人们认为一位优秀的教师应该是把自己的一切奉献给孩子们而不求任何回报的人。devote oneself to“专心于,致力于,献身于”。考查介词短语辨析。in return“作为报答,作为回报”符合语意。in turn“依次,轮流,反过来”;in advance“提前,预先,事先”;in short“总之,简言之”。
89.(2011·杭州质检二,6)The headmaster has promised us that we shall get informed ________ the results of the exam come out.
A.in case B.every time
C.ever since D.the minute
答案:D。句意:校长已向我们许若一旦考试结果出来就通知我们。get informed“通知”。考查连词。the minute为连词的名词词组,相当于as soon as,意为“一……就”,故选D。in case引导目的状语(以防)或条件状语(万一);every time为连词化的名词词组,意为“每次,每当”引导时间状语;ever since“从那时起,自那以来,自从”。
90.(2011·杭州质检二,7)The government has made a promise that further measures will be taken to rid the street ________ crime.
A.from B.with
C.of D.in
答案:C。句意:政府已经许诺将采取进一步的措施清除街道犯罪。考查介词和动词的搭配。rid...of“除去,(使)摆脱,免除,从……清除”。
91.(2011·湖南十二校第二次联考,22)________ our national football team lost the game to a weak team as Syria by 0 to 3, I held no doubt about the new coach's ability.
A.Until B.Since
C.Unless D.After
答案:A。句意:直到我们的国家足球队以0?3输给像叙利亚那样的弱队,我才开始怀疑这个新教练的能力。考查连词。until引导时间状语从句,和主句中的no构成not...until句型。易错选C。unless引导条件状语从句,是一种假设关系,而本句是一种发生过的事实。故排除。
92.(2011·江西九校联考,24)Most Americans would prefer to keep their problems ________ themselves, and solve their problems ________ themselves.
A.to; by B.by; to
C.for; to D.in; on
答案:A。句意:大多数美国人宁愿有问题自己扛和靠自己解决问题。考查介词。keep sth. to oneself=not tell other people about sth.不把某事告诉别人。如:I'd be grateful if you kept this information to yourself.这事你若能保密则不胜感激。by oneself“单独地,独自地”。
93.(2011·黄冈模拟,30)Washington Square Park, ________ the first president, is one of New York city's most popular and oldest parks, dating back to 1827.
A.in terms of B.in favor of
C.in praise of D.in honor of
答案:D。句意:为纪念美国第一任总统而建的华盛顿广场公园是纽约市最受欢迎的最古老的公园之一,它的历史可追溯到1827年。考查介词短语。in honor of“纪念……;向……致敬,祝贺”。in terms of“以……之观点,以……之方式,就……而言”;in favor of“赞成……,有利于……,支持……”;in praise of“为了表扬……”。
94. (2011·厦门适应性考试,26)You never really know whether you could handle failure ________ you come face to face with it.
A. until B. after
C. when D. while
答案:A。考查连词。句意:直到亲自面对失败,你才会知道你是否能应对失败。never...until...“直到……才……”。
95. (2011·南通三模,22)—As a weight-lifting athlete, Thomas is indeed too large, I think.
—But ________ that, he is still one of the best athletes at present.
A. in case of B. in spite of
C. thanks to D. in response to
答案:B。考查介词短语。答语句意:尽管他很胖,但是他仍然是目前最佳运动员之一。in spite of“尽管,虽然”;in case of“以防,万一”;thanks to“幸亏”;in response to“回应……”。
96.(2011·辽宁网上诊断联考,28)The factory will have to close down ________ they can borrow enough money from the bank.
A. until B. unless
C. before D. if
答案:B。句子的意思是“如果工厂不能从银行借到足够的钱,就只能关门歇业”。
97. (2011·莆田适应性练习,28)High-speed trains which travel through my hometown ________ up to 250 km per hour make it a small world.
A. with B. against
C. at D. over
答案:C。考查介词。速度应该用at表示。
98.(2011·丰台二模,22)I'm working this evening because I am ________ schedule with my work.
A.behind B.beyond
C.over D.on
答案:A。考查介词。句意:今晚我要工作,因为我的工作落后了。behind schedule“落后”;on schedule“如期,准时”。由句意可知,A项符合句意。再如:The tunnel project has already fallen behind schedule. 隧道工程已经晚了工期。
99.(2011·丰台二模,24)Stop making so much noise ______ the neighbours will start complaining.
A.or B.and
C.so D.yet[来源:21世纪教育网]
答案:A。考查连词。句意:不要发出这么大的噪音,否则,邻居们会抱怨的。由句意可知选A项。
第1章 专题5形容词与副词
1.(2011·全国卷,12)It is one thing to enjoy listening to good music, but it is ________ another to play it well yourself.
A.quite B.very
C.rather D.much
答案:A。句意:喜欢听好的音乐是一回事,但是你能自己演奏好完全是另一回事。quite“完全,十分”;very“非常”;rather“相当”;much“很,非常”。quite another“完全另一回事”。
2.(2011·全国卷,17)Mr. Stevenson is great to work for—I really couldn't ask for a ________ boss.
A.better B.good
C.best D.still better
答案:A。句意为:为史蒂文森先生工作非常好——我实在不能找到一位比他更好的老板了。比较级与否定词连用表示最高级含义。
3.(2011·湖北卷,23)The old engineer's eyes still shone bright in the wrinkled brown face and his step as he came across the room was ________,though slow.
A.shaky B.heavy
C.casual D.steady
答案:D。本题考查形容词辨析。句意:这位老工程师的眼睛,在那张灰暗的布满皱纹的脸上,依旧明亮地闪烁着,当他走过房间的时候,步履虽然缓慢但却是平稳的。根据转折词though可以断定,答案应该与slow的语境相反才对,如同满脸的皱纹与他的眼睛之间的对比,而steady一词意为:平稳的,正好符合语境。
4.(2011·湖北卷,24)An unhappy childhood may have some negative effects on a person's character;however,they are not always________.
A.practical B.avoidable
C.permanent D.beneficial
答案:C。本题考查形容词辨析。句意:一个不愉快的童年或许会对一个人的性格产生不好的影响;但,那影响并不总是永远的。however一词表明前后的意义的对比;故排除A:实际的;D:有好处的,而选项B:不可避免的,与本语境不符;选项C:永恒的,永远的,符合句意。
5.(2011·湖北卷,25)The state-run company is required to make its accounts as ________ as possible for its staff to monitor the use of money.
A.transparent B.reasonable
C.secure D.formal
答案:A。本题考查形容词辨析。句意:国有公司被要求使账目尽可能透明,以便公司职工监督钱的使用。根据语境中monitor“监管,监督”一词,可以确定账目要让职工了解,清楚,自然就是透明,而选项A:透明的;B:合理的;C:安全的;D:正式的,根据句意,选A。
6.(2011·四川卷,12)—How was your recent trip to Sichuan?
—I've never had ________ one before.
A.a pleasant B.a more pleasant
C.a most pleasant D.the most pleasant
答案:B。本题考查形容词的比较级。句意:——你最近去四川感觉怎样?——比以往都愉快。not与比较级在一起,有时可表示最高级的意思,即:最愉快的。
7.(2011·江苏卷,25)In that school, English is compulsory for all students, but French and Russian are________.
A.special B.regional
C.optionalD.original
答案:C。本题考查形容词词义辨析。句意:在那所学校,英语是必修课,但是法语和俄语是选修课。special“特殊的,专门的”;regional“局部的”;optional“选择的”;original “原始的,最初的”。由句意可知C项正确。
8.(2011·天津卷,9)The young man couldn't afford a new car.______, he bought a used one.
A.Besides B.Otherwise
C.Instead D.Still
答案:C。本题考查副词词义辨析。besides “另外;除……之外”;otherwise “否则;要不然”;instead “代替;反而”;still“仍然;还”。由couldn't afford a new car 及bought a used one可知C项符合句意及结构。句意:那个年轻人买不起一辆新车而是买了一辆二手车。
9.(2011·浙江卷,16)My schedule is very ________ right now, but I'll try to fit you in.
A.tight B.short
C.regular D.flexible
答案:A。考查形容词辨析。句意:我现在日程安排很紧张,但是我会想办法安排与你会面的。tight“紧的,(时间)紧张的”;short“矮的,短缺的”;regular“有规律的”;flexible“灵活的”。根据句意可知,A项正确。
10.(2011·浙江卷,13)I've been writing this report ________ for the last two weeks, but it has to be handed in tomorrow.
A.finally B.immediately
C.occasionally D.certainly
答案:C。考查副词辨析。句意:前两周以来我只是偶尔写写这份报告,但是明天就得上交了。finally“最终,终于”;immediately“立刻,马上”;occasionally“偶尔”;certainly“当然”。C项符合题意。
11.(2011·浙江卷,9)The professor could tell by the ______ look in Maria's eyes that she didn't understand a single word of his lecture.
A.cold B.blank
C.innocent D.fresh
答案:B。考查形容词辨析。句意:教授从玛丽茫然的眼神中可以看出,她对于他的讲座一个字也没理解。cold“冷的;冷漠的”;blank“茫然的,空白的”;innocent“天真的”;fresh“新鲜的”。B项符合题意。21世纪教育网
12.(2011·福建卷,30)Nowadays there is a______ increase in children's creativity,for they are greatly encouraged to develop their talents.
A.sharp B.slight
C.natural D.modest
答案:A。本题考查形容词词义辨析。句意:现在,孩子的创造力剧增,因为他们被极大的鼓励为了开发他们的才能。sharp“急剧的”;slight“稍微的,极小的”;natural“自然的”;modest“谦逊的”。由句意可知A项正确。
13.(2011·安徽卷,31) ________, I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in the end.
A. Hopefully B. Normally
C. Thankfully D. Conveniently
答案:C。考查副词用法。句意:谢天谢地,我最终通过了竞赛,所付出的努力都是值得的。hopefully“有希望地”;normally“正常地”;thankfully“感激地”;conveniently“方便地”。
14.(2011·江西卷,24)—The film is, I have to say, not a bit interesting.
—Why? It's ________ than the films I have ever seen.
A.far more interesting B.much less interesting
C.no more interesting D.any less interesting
答案:A。本题考查形容词比较级的用法。句意:——我不得不说这部影片一点也不有趣。——为什么呢?它比我曾经看过的电影都有趣。由答语Why可知,对方并不同意上一个人的观点,故选A项,即他认为很有趣;其它选项均表示认为这部电影没有趣。
15.(2011·江西卷,33)She has already tried her best. Please don't be too ________ about her job.
A.special B.responsible
C.unusual D.particular
答案:D。本题考查形容词构成的固定短语。句意:她已经尽了她的最大努力了。请不要对她的工作过于挑剔。be particular about“讲究,挑剔”;special“特别的”;responsible“负责任的”;unusual“非同寻常的,不一般的”。
16.(2010·全国卷Ⅰ)I have seldom seen my mother ______ pleased with my progress as she is now.
A.so B.very
C.too D.rather
答案:A。考查副词的辨析。句意:我很少看到妈妈像现在这样对我的进步这么满意。句中的副词seldom表示否定含义,相当于not,题干中暗含“not so... as”结构,故答案为A。
17. (2010·全国卷Ⅱ)Mr.Black is very happy because the clothes made in his factory have never been ______.
A.popular B.more popular
C.most popular D.the most popular
答案:B。考查形容词等级的特殊用法。句意:布莱克先生非常高兴,因为他的工厂生产的衣服从未如此受过欢迎。此处比较级与否定词连用表示最高级含义。
18.(2010·江西卷)Computers and mobile phones,though they are indeed making our life______and more______,have reduced the need for face-to-face communications.
A.easily;efficient B.easier;efficient21世纪教育网
C.easy;efficiently D.easily;efficiently
答案:B。考查形容词。句意:电脑和手机——虽然的确在使我们的生活变得更便捷更高效——但它们已减少了我们面对面交流的需要。make our life easier and more efficient“使我们的生活更便捷更高效”;reduce the need for...“减少……的需要”。
19.(2010·辽宁卷)Jim went to answer the phone. ______,Harry started to prepare lunch.
A.However B.Nevertheless
C.Besides D.Meanwhile
答案:D。考查副词的辨析。however和nevertheless“然而”,表示转折;besides“而且,还有”,表示附加;meanwhile“同时,其间”。句意:Jim去接电话。在这期间,Harry开始准备午饭。根据句意选D项。
20.(2010·辽宁卷)We only had $100 and that was ______ to buy a new computer.
A.nowhere near enough B.near enough nowhere
C.enough near nowhere D.near nowhere enough
答案:A。考查形容词、副词的排列顺序。enough修饰形容词、副词时,通常要放在被修饰词语的后面。因此正确词序应为nowhere near enough。nowhere near意为(=far from)“差得远,远不及”。句意:我们只有100美元。这笔钱远远不够买一台新电脑。根据句意选A项。
21. (2010·安徽卷)______,she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile.
A.Shy and cautious B.Sensitive and thoughtful
C.Honest and confident D.Lighthearted and optimistic
答案:D。考查形容词作状语的用法。后半句提到她用自己的微笑把阳光传播给人们,由此可知她无忧无虑而且非常乐观。
22.(2010·湖南卷)Father ______ goes to the gym with us although he dislikes going there.
A.hardly B.seldom
C.sometimes D.never
答案:C。考查副词。句意:虽然父亲不喜欢去体育馆,但他有时陪我们一起去那儿。hardly“几乎不”;seldom“很少”;sometimes“有时”;never“从不”。根据句意应选C。
23.(2010·湖北卷)In this lecture,I can only give you a purely ______ view of how we can live life to the full and make some suggestions about the future.
A.private B.personal
C.unique D.different
答案:B。考查形容词辨析。根据句意可以看出说话人想表达的是“个人的”观点,而不是A项“私人的”,C项“独特的”和D项“不同的”。
24.(2010·湖北卷)Mistakes don't just happen;they occur for a reason.Find out the reason,and then making the mistake becomes ______.
A.favourable B.precious
C.essential D.worthwhile
答案:D。考查形容词辨析。句意:错误不单单发生,它们的发生都是有原因的,找出原因,那么犯的错误也就值得了。favourable“有利的”;precious“宝贵的”;essential“必要的,重要的”;worthwhile“值得的”。只有D项符合题意。
25.(2010·湖北卷)If I find someone who looks like the suspect,my ______ reaction will be to tell the police.
A.physical B.immediate
C.sensitive D.sudden
答案:B。考查形容词辨析。句意:如果我发现某人看上去像嫌疑犯,我的即时反应就是报警。physical“体力的,物理的”;immediate“立即的,即刻的,直接的”;sensitive“敏感的”;sudden“突然的”。显然,B项符合题意。
26.(2010·湖北卷)I wasn't blaming anyone;I ______ said errors like this could be avoided.
A.merely B.mostly
C.rarely D.nearly
答案:A。考查副词辨析。句意:我不是在责怪任何人;我只是说这种错误是可以避免的。merely“仅仅,只是”;mostly“主要地,大部分”;rarely“很少,难得”;nearly“几乎”。只有A项符合题意。
27.(2010·天津卷)People have always been ______ about exactly how life on earth began.
A.curious B.excited
C.anxious D.careful
答案:A。考查形容词词义辨析。be curious about表示“对……好奇”,符合句意。excited“激动的”;anxious“担忧的”;careful“细心的”。
28.(2010·山东卷)Mothers holding jobs outside the home should have ______ schedules to make it easier to care for their children.
A.heavy B.smooth
C.flexible D.complex
答案:C。考查形容词。heavy“重的”;smooth“顺利的”;flexible“灵活的”;complex“复杂的”。句意:在外面有工作的妈妈应该有灵活的工作安排,以确保她们能更容易照顾自己的孩子。根据句意选C项。
29. (2010·福建卷)—Volunteering is becoming ______ popular in China.
—Yeah,people are now aware that helping others is helping themselves.
A.naturally B.successfully
C.splendidly D.increasingly
答案:D。考查副词。句意:——志愿服务在中国正变得越来越普遍。——是的,人们现在意识到了帮助别人就是帮助自己。increasingly“越来越多地”,符合题意。naturally“天然地,自然地”;successfully“成功地”;splendidly“豪华地,极佳地”。
30. (2010·福建卷)Drunk driving,which was once a ______ occurrence,is now under control.
A.general B.frequent
C.normal D.particular
答案:B。考查形容词。句意:醉酒驾车曾经是经常发生的事情,现在得到了控制。frequent“频繁的,经常的”,符合题意。general“一般的,全面的”;normal“正常的”;particular“特别的”。
31.(2010·四川卷)The school was moved out of downtown as the number of students had grown too______.
A.small B.few
C.large D.many
答案:C。考查形容词的用法。修饰number的形容词可以是large或small,结合句意“因为学生数量增长过多,所以这所学校迁出了市区”可知答案为C。
32.(2010·陕西卷)Studies show that people are more ______ to suffer from back problems if they always sit before computer screens for long hours.
A.likely B.possible
C.probable D.sure
答案:A。考查形容词辨析。句意:研究表明,如果人们总是长时间地坐在电脑屏幕前面,他们的背部更有可能会出问题。四个选项中主语为人且和不定式连用的形容词只有likely和sure,likely表示“有可能的”,sure表示“必定,肯定”,根据句意应用likely, possible作表语时主语不能为人,可为物、不定式或不定式的复合结构;probable的主语只能是物。
33.(2010·浙江卷)I have been convinced that the print media are usually more______and more reliable than television.
A.accurate B.ridiculous
C.urgent D.shallow
答案:A。考查形容词辨析。句意:我相信平面媒体要比电视有更高的准确度和可信赖度。此处用accurate“精确的,准确的”与后面的reliable“可信赖的,可依靠的”保持一致,故答案选A项。
34.(2010·浙江卷)Do you think shopping online will______take the place of shopping in stores?
A.especially B.frequently
C.merely D.finally
答案:D。考查副词辨析。句意:你认为网购最终会取代实体店购物吗?finally“最后,最终”,符合句意。especially“特别,尤其”;frequently“经常”;merely“仅仅”,都不符合句意。故这里选D项。
35.(2010·浙江卷)Playing on a frozen sports field sounds like a lot of fun.Isn’t it rather risky,______?
A.though B.also
C.either D.too
答案:A。考查副词辨析。此处though放在句末,表示“然而,可是”,是副词,而不是连词,符合句意。句意:在结冰的运动场上玩听起来很有趣,然而,是不是太危险了呢?
36. (2010·全国卷Ⅱ)The island is ______ attractive in spring and autumn because of the pleasant weather in both seasons.
A.partly B.merely
C.nearly D.equally
答案:D。考查副词用法。根据本句后半部分中的内容可知这座岛屿在春天和秋天同样吸引人,所以用equally表示“相等地,同样”。
37. (2009·江苏卷)Compared with his sister, Jerry is even more ______ to, and more easily troubled by, emotional and relationship problems.
A. skeptical B. addicted21世纪教育网
C. available D. sensitive
答案:D。考查形容词词义辨析。skeptical“怀疑的”;addicted“沉溺于某种嗜好中的”;available“有用的”;sensitive“敏感的”。句意:与他妹妹相比,Jerry对情感和关系问题更敏感,更容易受干扰。故D项正确。
38. (2009·全国卷)How much ______ she looked without her glasses!
A. well B. good
C. best D. better
答案:D。考查形容词的比较级用法。把这个感叹句可以先还原为She looked much better without her glasses,因此很容易看出much修饰比较级,故D项符合语境。
39. (2009·湖北卷)As there is less and less coal and oil, scientists are exploring new ways of making use of ______ energy, such as sunlight, wind and water for power and fuel.
A. primary B. alternative
C. instant D. unique
答案:B。primary“主要的”;alternative“供替代的”;instant“立即的”;unique“独一无二的”。句意:由于煤和石油越来越少,科学家们正在探索新的方式来利用可替代的能源,例如用太阳光、风和水来发电或者作燃料。
40. (2009·江西卷)According to statistics, a man is more than twice as likely to die of skin cancer ______ a woman.
A. than B. such
C. so D. as
答案:D。此题考查学生对倍数的使用的掌握情况。倍数的表达主要有以下三种方式1〉A+倍数+as ...as+B 2〉A+倍数+形容词的比较级+than+B; 3〉A+倍数+the+n.(height、width)+of+B。
41. (2009·江西卷)Frank put the medicine in the top drawer to make sure it would not be ______ to the kids.
A. accessible B. relative
C. acceptable D. sensitive
答案:A。句意:为了防止孩子们拿到药,Frank 把药放在最上面的抽屉里。accessible“可进入的,可达到的”;relative“相对的”;acceptable“可接受的”;sensitive“敏感的”。
42. (2009·辽宁卷)Peter's jacket looked just the same as Jack's, but it cost ______ his.
A. as much twice as B. twice as much as
C. much as twice as D. as twice much as
答案:B。此题考查表示“倍数”的句型结构。twice as much as表示“费用是他的两倍”。
43. (2009·浙江卷)John is very ______—if he promises to do something he'll do it .
A. independent B. confident
C. reliable D. flexible
答案:C。independent“独立的”;confident“有信心的”;reliable“可靠的”;flexible“灵活的”。句意:约翰非常可靠——如果他答应要做什么事情,他一定会做的。
44. (2009·天津卷)I'm not surprised that he became a writer. Even as a child he had a ______ imagination.[来源:21世纪教育网]
A. clear B. cautious
C. funny D. vivid
答案:D。clear“清楚的,干净的”;cautious“小心的,谨慎的”;funny“好笑的,滑稽的”;vivid“生动的,栩栩如生的”。 四个选项中只有D项能够修饰imagination。句意:他成为作家我一点也不感到奇怪。他很小的时候就有很好的想象力。故选D。
45. (2009·浙江卷)In the good care of the nurses, the boy is ______ recovering from his heart operation.
A. quietly B. actually
C. practically D. gradually21世纪教育网
答案:D。quietly“安静地”;actually“实际上”;practically“实际地,几乎,简直”;gradually“逐渐地”。句意:在护士的精心照料下,那个动了心脏手术的男孩逐渐康复了。故选D。
46. (2009·福建卷)It seems that living green is ______ easy and affordable. A small step makes a big difference.
A. exactly B. fortunately
C. surprisingly D. hardly
答案:C。考查副词。exactly“准确地”;fortunately“幸运地”;surprisingly“惊讶地,出乎意料地”;hardly“几乎不”。此句的意思是“似乎保护环境是出乎意料的简单可行,小小的行动能带来很大的不同”。故选C。
47. (2009·湖北卷)The questionnaire takes ______ ten to fifteen minutes to complete and can be used along with the assessment interview.
A. mainly B. punctually
C. approximately D. precisely
答案:C。mainly“主要地”;punctually“按时地”;approximately“大约”;precisely“精确地”。句意:完成这个调查表花了大约10到15分钟,它可以在评估面试中被使用。
48. (2009·湖南卷)I can ______ be a teacher. I'm not a very patient person.
A. seldom B. ever
C. never D. always
答案:C。seldom“很少”;ever“曾经”;never“决不”;always“总是”。句意:我决不能当老师。我不是一个很耐心的人。这里的never表示否定意义,正合题意。故选C。
49. (2009·辽宁卷)Usually John would be late for meetings. But this time, ______ to my surprise, he arrived on time.
A. little B. much
C. ever D. even
答案:B。little“几乎没有”;much“许多,很,非常”;ever“曾经,究竟”;even“甚至,恰好,正当”。句意:约翰总是开会迟到,但是这次,令我非常惊讶的是他按时到会了。故选B。
50. (2009·山东卷)Mary and I see each other ______, but not as often as we used to.
A. sooner or later B. once in a while
C. in the end D. more or less
答案:B。本题考查短语的区别。sooner or later“迟早”;once in a while“偶尔”;in the end“最后,结果”;more or less“几乎,差不多”。
51. (2009·浙江卷)The incomes of skilled workers went up. ______, unskilled workers saw their earnings fall.
A. Moreover B. Therefore
C. Meanwhile D. Otherwise
答案:C。考查副词的用法。本句说明同一收入问题的两个方面,一升一降“同时”发生,所以选C。
52. (2009·浙江卷)It took ______ building supplies to construct these energy-saving houses. It took brains, too.
A. other than B. more than
C. rather than D. less than
答案:B。词组辨析。other than“不同于,除了”;more than“不仅仅”;rather than“而不是”;less than“少于”。句意:修建这些节能型房屋不仅需要建筑材料,还需要高科技人才。
53.(2011·海淀期中,23)Alice Lillian Ellis, born on September 11,1907 in Boston, was ________ of nine children.
A.the third oldest B.the third old
C.the third older D.the oldest third
答案:A。句意:1907年9月11日出生在波士顿的Alice Lillian Ellis在家里的九个孩子中排行老三。考查形容词最高级的衍生形式。最大的“the oldest”,最大者中排行第三的“the third oldest”,故选A。类似的用法有:The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黄河是中国的第二长河。
54.(2011·天津十二区县联考一,9)The six old experts were ________ about Professor Lee's academic findings and reported him to the authority.
A.skeptical B.curious
C.capable D.aware
答案:A。句意:那六位老专家怀疑Lee教授的学术发现并向权威机构举报。skeptical“怀疑的”,be skeptical about“对……怀疑”。be curious about “对……好奇”;capable“能干的”,be capable of (doing) sth.“有做某事所必要的能力或力量”;aware“知道的,注意到的”,be aware of/that“对某人/某事物知道、明白、觉察到、意识到”;aware of the risk, danger, threat, etc.觉察到风险、危险、威胁等。
55.(2011·东北三省四市联考,23)Trees are good for man. We can't plant them ________ many.
A.so B.such
C.too D.enough
答案:C。句意:树对人类有益,我们无论种多少都不为过。考查学生对题干的理解和对can't/cannot/couldn't...too句式用法掌握情况。can't/cannot/couldn't...too...为固定搭配,意为“越……越好”。又因tree为可数名词,所以用too many。
56.(2011·东北三校二模,26)One should accomplish tasks ________ instead of always turning to others for help.
A.actively B.independently
C.skillfully D.voluntarily
答案:B。句意:一个人应该独立完成任务而不是总是向别人寻求帮助。考查副词。由后句句意“……向别人寻求帮助”可知此处强调“独立地(independently)”。
57.(2011·沈阳二模,10)The volunteers will do ________ to help those injured in the earthquake.
A.everything possible humanlyB.everything humanly possible
C.humanly possible everythingD.humanly everything possible
答案:B。考查词序。句意:志愿者将会在人力所能及的范围内做能做的一切来帮助那些在地震中受伤的人们。humanly adv.在人力所能及的范围内,从人的角度,以人的手段,在人的知识范围内。此处核心词为不定代词everything,其作动词do的宾语;humanly possible为“副词+形容词”构成的形容词短语作后置定语修饰代词everything。易错选A。没有注意到humanly为副词,修饰形容词possible时possible应该后置而误选。
58.(2011·石家庄二模,7)“Cell phone” is a ________ American usage, but British speakers always use “mobile phone”.
A.normal B.common
C.formal D.usual
答案:B。句意:“Cell phone”是美国人对手机的惯常说法,而英国人总是使用“mobile phone”一词。考查形容词辨析。common“司空见惯的,共同的”。normal“正常的,标准的,正规的”;formal“正式的,礼仪的,形式的”;usual“正常的,惯例的,通常的”。易错选D。没有注意题干中的usage(惯用法)一词,认为语境是“惯例的,通常的”而误选。
59.(2011·石家庄二模,9)We'll go early. ________, we may not get a seat.
A.Otherwise B.Meanwhile
C.However D.Besides
答案:A。句意:我们要早点去,否则的话我们可能没有座位。考查副词辨析。otherwise“否则,要不然”符合语境。meanwhile“同时”;however“然而,无论如何”;besides “此外,加之,而且,在其他方面”。
60.(2011·太原基础知识测试,24)The young housewife cannot be ________ economical if she wants to help her husband in his career.
A.very B.too
C.so D.enough
答案:B。句意:如果想在事业上帮助她的丈夫,年轻的家庭主妇无论怎么节俭也不为过。考查形容词的固定搭配。cannot...too/enough“再……也不为过”为固定搭配。如:You cannot (never)/can't be too careful.=You cannot (never) be careful enough.你再细心也不为过。I can't thank you too much.=I can't thank you much enough.太感谢你了。从以上例子可以看出,too位于所修饰的形容词或副词前,而enough则位于所修饰的形容词或副词后。故本题选B。易错选D。认为考查的是固定搭配cannot...enough,但忽略了enough修饰形容词或副词时应该后置而误选。
61.(2011·河南示范高中适应性测试,26)—You've got a stomachache? But we ate at the same place.How come my stomach is fine?
—You have an iron stomach! Mine isn't ________ strong.
A.as B.such
C.much D.enough
答案:A。句意:——你胃疼?我们是在同一个地方吃的东西,为什么我的胃很好?——你有个强健的胃!我的胃没有你的胃壮。考查同级比较的省略式。其完整形式为:My stomach (Mine) is not as strong as yours.易错选D、B。没有意识到语境中暗含比较意味而误选D;只注意词意没有注意到such不能修饰形容词strong或语境中暗含比较意味而误选B。
62.(2011·济南4月模拟,32)The panic buying of salt reminds us that it is necesary to keep ________ in an emergency.21世纪教育网
A.quiet B.calm
C.silent D.still
答案:B。句意:抢购盐的风潮提醒我们在紧急情况下保持镇静是必要的。考查形容词辨析。keep calm“保持镇静、冷静”,符合语境。quiet表示相对安静的一种状态;silent无声的、寂静的;still表示既没有声音也没有动作的一种状态。
63.(2011·济南一模,31)Lily seems to know a lot about Hong Kong, but ________ she has never been there.
A.luckily B.strictly
C.actually D.naturally
答案:C。句意:Lily似乎知道很多关于香港的情况,但实际上她从来没有去过那儿。考查副词。actually“实际上,事实上”符合语境。luckily“幸运地,侥幸”;strictly“严厉地,严格地”;naturally“自然地,天生地”。
64.(2011·武汉四月调测,27)The writer was so ________ in her work that she didn't notice a stranger enter the room.
A.absorbed B.appetited
C.performed D.centered
答案:A。句意:这位作家工作得那么投入以至于没有注意到一个陌生人进入她的房间。be absorbed in “专心致志于,沉浸于(做某事)”。appetite“食欲,胃口,欲望,爱好”。易错选项为D。center“使集中”,常和on搭配。如:His whole attention was centered on this matter.他的全部注意力都集中在此事上。
65.(2011·武汉四月调测,28)Generally speaking, salaries for ________ positions seem to be higher than for permanent ones.
A.privileged B.temporary
C.voluntary D.unconditional
答案:B。句意:一般来说,临时工作的工资比固定工作的工资要高。考查形容词。由句中的permanent(永久的)可知,此处应该是和permanent相反的含义,故选B(临时的)。privileged“享有特权的,特许的,幸运的”;voluntary“志愿的,自愿的”;unconditional“无条件的,绝对的”。
66.(2011·武汉四月调测,29)Look at the old woman; she is looking around ________ for help. She must have lost her way.
A.immediately B.accidently
C.uncertainly D.absolutely
答案:C。句意:看那位老太太,她正环顾四周,犹豫不决地想寻求帮助。她一定是迷路了。考查副词。uncertainly“犹豫不决地,没把握地”。accidently“不经意地,意外地”;absolutely“绝对地,完全地”。
67.(2011·湖北八市三月调考,27)Unemployment arises partly from overpopulation and if fines can't keep the rich from having more than one child, we should say that the regulation is not ________.
A.efficient B.effective
C.economic D.evident
答案:B。句意:失业率的上升部分原因是源于人口过剩,并且如果罚款不能阻止富人拥有一个以上的孩子的话,我们应该说这一规定不是有效的。effective“有效的,实际的,有力的”。efficient“能干的,有效率的”;economic“经济上的,经济的,有利可图的”;evident“显然的,明显的”。
68.(2011·湖北八校三月调考,28)As with holding sand in the hand, the fastest way to lose love is to hold it too ______, and the best way to keep it is to give it wings.
A.uncomfortably B.loosely
C.visually D.tightly
答案:D。句意:与手中握沙一样,最快的失去爱的方法就是握得太紧,最好的保留它的方法就是给它翅膀。考查副词辨析。tightly“紧紧地,牢固地”。uncomfortably“不舒适地,令人不快地,不自在地”;loosely“松弛地,宽松地”;visually“视觉上地,看得见地,形象化地”。易错选B。没有理解句子内在的逻辑关系,受句子前半部分As with holding sand in the hand, the fastest way to lose...的影响,误认为握沙时手握得松,沙子就漏得快而误选B。
69.(2011·江南十校二模,24)—Nooks on medicine again! Are you going to be a doctor?
—No, I hope to be, ________.
A.although B.though
C.however D.yet
答案:B。句意:——再次曝光药品黑幕!你打算成为一名医生吗?——不,然而我希望成为一名医生。考查副词。though作副词,表示意义的转折,意为“可是,不过,然而”,用在句子末尾,常用逗号与句子断开。
70.(2011·江南十校二模,26)I didn't make his failure public to avoid seeing his ________ look.
A.embarrassing B.pleased
C.embarrassed D.pleasing
答案:C。句意:我没有把他的失败公诸于众以避免看到他尴尬的表情。考查形容词。embarrassed look尴尬的表情。易错选A。embarrassing look令(他)人尴尬的表情。
71.(2011·江南十校联考,25)________, the excited crowds in the square suddenly became so quiet. It's still puzzling.
A.Personally B.Naturally
C.Somehow D.Anyway
答案:C。句意:不知为什么当时广场上兴奋的人群突然间变得那么安静,这件事到现在仍然令人迷惑。考查副词的用法。somehow表示“不明原因,以某种方式,不知怎么地”。易错选项为D。误认为anyway(不管怎样,无论如何)意为“不知什么原因”。
72.(2011·江南十校联考,31)In my opinion, ________ friends are more reliable than online ones.
A.real B.true
C.close D.good
答案:A。句意:就我看来,现实中的朋友比网友更可靠。考查形容词辨析。real与online对应,表示“实际存在的”。real(现实的)的反义词是imaginary (想象的)和invented(虚构的)。易错选项为B。true(真的)与false(假的,虚伪的)相对应,因没有意识到此处语境为“实际存在的”而误选。
73.(2011·江南十校联考,33)—Wow! Jerry got full marks again! How lucky he is!
—Not exactly! ________. He makes full use of his time to study.
A.He is more lucky than hardworking
B.He is not so much lucky as hardworking
C.He is far less hardworking than lucky
D.His classmates are no more hardworking than he
答案:B。句意:——哇!Jerry又得了满分!他多么幸运呀!——不完全如此!与其说他幸运不如说他勤奋,他充分利用他的时间学习。在交际用语中考查特殊比较等级结构的用法。not so much...as...“与其……不如……”,相当于more than。
74.(2011·皖南八校第三次联考,25)Time is pressing. You cannot start your task ________ soon.
A.too B.very
C.so D.as
答案:A。句意:时间紧迫,你越快地开始你的工作越好。考查副词。cannot...too...“再……也不为过”。
75.(2011·合肥第三次质检,26)—How much are those mobile phones?
—________ between 600 and 1,000 yuan, Madame.
A.Somewhere B.Everywhere
C.Anyhow D.Anyway
答案:A。句意:——那些手机多少钱?——大约在600元到1000元之间,太太。考查副词。somewhere“大约”,相当于about,around,表示程度。易错选C、D。C、D的含义是:无论如何,不管怎么说。不符合句意。
76.(2011·合肥市第三次质检,32)The spokesman said that Japan should, ________ ignore its aggressive past, reflect on its own history and its current policies.
A.more than B.other than
C.better than D.rather than
答案:D。句意:发言人说,日本应该反思它的历史和目前的政策,而不是忽略它过去的侵略行径。考查固定短语。rather than“而不是”;reflect on“反思,仔细考虑”。
77.(2011·合肥市第二次质检,30)The plane was ________ to arrive at 9?30, but was an hour late.
A.certain B.likely
C.about D.supposed
答案:D。句意:那架飞机按说应该在9?30到达,但是晚点了一个小时。考查固定结构辨析。be supposed to=should“按理说应该”。由后半句的意思“晚点一个小时”可排除be certain to“一定、肯定”,be likely to “很可能”,be about to“马上、立即”。易错选B。只注意到be likely to的搭配和意思而没有注意句子后半句的含义造成误选。
78.(2011·苏锡常镇一调,32)—We found the steps up to the plane door in Charlottetown were so steep that we found it very difficult.
—Sorry about that. We will work out ________ way to get passengers onto the planes very soon.
A.a better B.the better
C.a best D.the best
答案:A。句意:——我们发现在夏洛特敦机场,到飞机入口的台阶太陡峭以至于使我们登机很难。——很抱歉。我们将尽快想出一个比较好的办法使乘客能够很快登机。考查形容词比较级结构。本句暗含着和第一句话中的登机难相比较的意思,故用比较级结构。易错选B。误认为有定语限制应该表特指,但题干中只是强调找出一种比较好的方式,没特指哪一种,故排除B。
79.(2011·南京二模,24)Between you and me, Peter is ________. He is out of breath while walking.
A.fatter than strongerB.no weaker than before
C.more fat than strongD.not so much fat as strong
答案:C。句意:介于你我之间,Peter与其说是强壮不如说是胖,他走路的时候都气喘吁吁的。考查形容词比较级用法。表示同一事物的不同侧面或特征,用more...than...“与其说……倒不如说……”结构。
80.(2011·杭州质检二,2)I think you should go back to your ________ plan, which is much more practical than the present one.
A.random B.original
C.abstract D.ridiculous
答案:B。句意:我认为你应该回到最初的计划上来,那个计划比目前这个实际得多。go back to“追溯到,回到……上来”。考查形容词辨析。original“最初的,原始的”符合语境和行文逻辑。random“任意的,胡乱的,随便的”;abstract“抽象的,纯理论的,深奥的”;ridiculous“荒谬的,可笑的”。
81.(2011·湖南十二校第二次联考,29)Work gets done ________ when people do it together, and the rewards are higher too.
A.easily B.more easily
C.very easy D.easier
答案:B。句意:当人们一起做时,工作会变得更容易,并且报酬也更高。考查副词。因为需要修饰动词do,所以需要用副词;又因为后句的higher,所以前句也应该用比较级,故选B。
82.(2011·江西九校联考,22)—Please sit down and have a break. You have been working on this machine nonstop for two hours.
—No, thanks. ________.
A.I'm not in the least tiredB.I'm too tired to move
C.I'm not a little tiredD.I'm a bit tired
答案:A。句意:——请坐下休息一下,你已经在这台机器上连续工作了两个小时。——不用,谢谢,我一点儿也不累。not in the least=not at all一点儿也不。too...to太……以至不能;not a little=very很;a bit一点儿,有点儿。易错选C。认为I'm not a little tired (我很累)意思是“我一点也不累”而误选。
83.(2011·福建名校样本分析考试,25)Some peope either ________ avoid questions of right or wrong or remain neutral about them.
A.deliberately B.sincerely
C.properly D.violently
答案:A。句意:一些人或者故意地避开一些正确或错误的问题或者对它们保持中立。考查副词。deliberately“故意地,存心地”。sincerely“真诚地;诚恳地”。properly“恰当地;正确地”。violently“激烈地;猛烈地;暴力地”。易错选C。从后句“保持中立”可推知前句的“避免一些问题”是主观故意,而C是客观评论,故排除。
84.(2011·福建名校样本分析考试,35)In those days, our ________ concern was to provide people who were stopped by the snowstorm with food and health care.[来源:21世纪教育网]
A.normal B.constant
C.permanent D.primary
答案:D。句意:在那些日子,我们首先要关心的是给被暴风雪围困的人们提供食物和医疗保健。考查形容词辨析。primary“主要的,首要的”;normal“正常的,标准的”;constant“不断的”;permanent“永久的”。
85.(2011·福建质检,22)—When is the next train arriving?
—It's ________ at 7?30.
A.due B.normal
C.straight D.convenient
答案:A。句意:——下一列火车什么时候到达?——按预定的时间7?30到。考查形容词辨析。due“(车船)预定应到的,预期的,约定的”。如:①We are due to leave tomorrow. 我们定于明天动身。②Phil's train is due at 7?00 p.m..菲尔的火车下午七点钟到。normal“正常的,正规的”;straight“笔直的,挺直的,正直的,坦率的”;convenient“便利的,方便的”。易错选B。认为normal有“正常的”之意而误选。normal“正常的,标准的,正规的”,其反义词为abnormal“反常的,不正常的,不规则的,变态的,异乎寻常的”,借助反义词可以很好地理解原词不符合语境。
86.(2011·福建质检,26)The first time I read Shakespeare's Hamlet, it was ________ beyond me.
A.directly B.gradually
C.probably D.simply
答案:D。句意:我第一次读莎士比亚的《哈姆雷特》的时候,我完全看不懂。beyond sb.超过了某人所能理解的范围。simply完全地,绝对地。如:①His pronunciation is simply terrible.他的发音实在糟透了。②I simply refuse to go!我就是不去!directly“正好地,完全,直接地,立即”。如:His political views are directly opposed to mine.他的政治观点与我的截然相反。gradually“逐步地,渐渐地”;probably“大概,或许,很可能”。21世纪教育网
87.(2011·桂林一模,25)—Mr. Smith was really helpful when you were in financial difficulty during those days.
—Definitely. I can never appreciate his kindness ______.
A.seriously B.properly
C.well D.enough
答案:D。句意:——在你那些日子处在经济困难的时候,史密斯先生真地帮了大忙。——当然。我无论怎么感激他的好意都不过分。考查副词辨析。can never...enough=cannot...enough无论怎样都不过分。
88.(2011·乌鲁木齐二诊,33)As green tea contains less caffeine than coffee, it's ________ to people with sleeping problems.
A.good B.proper
C.popular D.preferable
答案:D。句意:因为绿茶所含的咖啡因比咖啡少,所以它对睡眠有问题的人较适宜。考查形容词辨析。preferable “较好的,较适宜的,较喜爱的”。be preferable to “比……更好”。be good to+人“对……好(和善、慈爱)”(be good for+人/物“对……有益/用”);be proper to“……特有的,……专门的”;be popular不和to搭配(be popular with受……欢迎)。
89.(2011·成都二诊,18)The final score of the basketball match was 88?90. We were only ________ beaten.21世纪教育网
A.nearly B.narrowly
C.hardly D.slightly
答案:B。句意:这场篮球赛最终比分是88?90。我们只是以微弱的劣势被击败。考查副词辨析。narrowly“仅仅,勉强地”。如:We won narrowly.我们仅是险胜。nearly“不完全地,几乎,很接近地”;hardly“几乎不”;slightly“稍微地”。
90.(2011·昆明质检,6)You are taking the situation too seriously. Actually, it is not ________ bad. We still have time.
A.much B.very
C.that D.rather
答案:C。句意:你现在把情况看得太严重了,实际上,它没那么糟糕。我们依然有时间。考查副词。语境强调的是问题的严重程度,that在此为副词,相当于so。故选C。
91.(2011·淄博二模,31)Their university is located on a beautiful lake, ________ of this developing city.
A.southeast thirty milesB.thirty miles southeast
C.thirty miles to southeastD.to thirty miles southeast
答案:B。考查方位表达结构。表达“在……地方多远”时,一般先“距离”,然后“方位”,表示方位的词前加to the ,但to the 也可以省略,所以C项如果改成thirty miles to the southeast也可以,据此选B项。
92.(2011·厦门适应性考试,25)—Are you satisfied with this house?
—Not in the least. We can't have ________.
A. the nicer one B. the worse one
C. a nicer one D. a worse one
答案:D。考查比较级表最高级。答语句意:一点都不满意。这间房子是最差的。比较级用在否定句中表最高级。Not in the least“一点都不”。
93. (2011·南平适应性考试,33)These paper flowers look so ________ that many people think they are real.
A. beautiful B. natural
C. artificial D. similar
答案:B。考查形容词。句意:这些纸花看上去如此自然以至于许多人认为它们是真花。由句意可知,选B项,意为“自然的”;beautiful“美丽的”;artificial项意为“人工的”;similar项意为“相似的”。
94. (2011·辽宁网上诊断联考,32)The young couple quarreled so much and ________, they got divorced.
A. regularly B. constantly
C. eventually D. automatically
答案:C。两人吵架很厉害只能是“最终”离婚了。regularly“有规律地”;constantly“不断地”;eventually“最终”;automatically“自动地”。
95. (2011·莆田适应性练习,27)The necklace the woman bought is ________, because it is made of glass.
A. priceless B. worthwhile
C. valuable D. worthless
答案:D。考查形容词。句意:那位女士买的项链不值钱,因为它是玻璃制成的。worthless“没用的,无价值的”;前三项意思基本相同,意为“无价的,贵重的,值钱的”。
96. (2011·漳州质检,26)We were sorry to find that he came back________ after he was lost in the forest for a few days.
A. coldly and hungrily B. cold and hungry
C. coldly and hungry D. cold and hungrily21世纪教育网
答案:B。考查形容词作状语。句意:看到在森林里迷路好几天的他回来,又冷又饿,我们很难过。再如:Your friend came to school very upset.你朋友来上学,心情很低落。
第1章 专题6动词与动词短语
1.(2011·全国卷,10)Mary, I ________ John of his promise to help you.
A.told B.reminded
C.warned D.advised
答案:B。句意:玛丽,约翰承诺要帮助你,我提醒过他。tell“告诉”;remind“提醒”;warn“警告”;advise“建议”。
2.(2011·湖北卷,26)Knowledge and learning are important if we want to be successful,but they may also ________ our thinking.
A.direct B.limit
C.change D.improve
答案:B。本题考查动词辨析。句意:如果我们想要成功,知识与学习很重要,但也可能会限制我们的思维。前句中提到important,而but一词又表示出两者之间的反差,而与其形成对比关系的只有B:限制。
3.(2011·湖北卷,27)The minister said,“We are ready for discussions with any legal parties,but we'll never ________ with criminals.”
A.negotiate B.quarrel
C.argue D.consult
答案:A。本题考查动词辨析。句意:部长说道:“我们可以与任何一个合法的团队讨论,但不会与犯罪分子协商。”根据语境,需要选择一个与discussion一词相近的词,而选项A与D都有商量的意思,但consult为及物动词,不需要跟介词搭配。
4.(2011·湖北卷,28)Clinical evidence began to ________,suggesting that the new drugs had a wider range of useful activities than had been predicted from experiments in animals.
A.operate B.strengthen
C.approve D.accumulate
答案:D。本题考查动词辨析。句意:临床证据开始多起来了,表明这些新药比在动物身上试用所得出的预想有着更加广泛的用途。从语境来看,只有充分的证据才能够证明问题,所以选项A:操作;B:使……强大;C:同意,都与本语境不相符,故排除;而选项D:聚积,即:越来越多的意思,符合句意。
5.(2011·湖北卷,29)The government has taken measures to ________ the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable.
A.take down B.bring down
C.hand down D.tear down
答案:B。本题考查动词短语。句意:政府已经采取了措施来降低日常用品的价格,保持市场的稳定。take down取下,记下;bring down使……降低;hand down传递下去;tear down撕下来。根据语境,只有B最符合。
6.(2011·四川卷,7)To get a better grade, you should ______ the notes again before the test.
A.go over B.get over
C.turn over D.take over
答案:A。本题考查动词短语辨析。句意:为了拿到个更好的成绩,你得在考试前,把那笔记再复习一遍。go over有“复习,回顾”的意思。
7.(2011·新课标卷,26)I can ________ the house being untidy, but I hate it if it's not clean.
A.come up with B.put up with
C.turn to D.stick to
答案:B。本题考查短语动词。句意:我可以容忍房子不整齐,但我不喜欢它不干净。come up with“提出”;put up with“忍受”; turn to“转向,求助”;stick to“坚持”。根据句意B项正确。
8.(2011·新课标卷,34)William found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to________.
A.disappear B.fall
C.fail D.damage
答案:C。本题考查动词辨析。句意:威廉姆发现看书越来越难,因为他的视力正开始变弱。disappear“消失”;fall“降下,落下”;fail“(视力,健康等)变弱,衰退”;damage“毁坏”。根据句意C项正确。
9.(2011·山东卷,25)They are broadening the bridge to________the flow of traffic.
A. put off B. speed up
C. turn on D. work out
答案: B。本题考查动词短语的用法。句意:他们在加宽桥面,从而加快交通流量。put off“推迟,延期”;speed up “加速,加快”;turn on“打开”;work out“计算出,结果是”。
10.(2011·江苏卷,28)—Are you still mad at her?
—Not really, but I can't________that her remarks hurt me.
A.denyB.refuse
C.rejectD.decline
答案:A。本题考查动词词义辨析。句意:——你还在生她的气吗?——不了,但是我不能否认她的话伤着我了。deny“否认”;refuse“拒绝”;reject“拒绝”;decline“衰退”。由句意可知A项正确。
11.(2011·江苏卷,30)—You look upset. What's the matter?
—I had my proposal________again.
A.turned over B.turned on
C.turned off D.turned down
答案:D。本题考查动词短语在具体语境中的应用。句意:——你看上去很沮丧,怎么了?——我的提议又被拒绝了。turn over “翻转”,turn on“打开”,turn off “关掉”,turn down“拒绝,(把声音等)调低”。由句意可知D项正确。
12.(2011·天津,6)I______a bank account after I made﹩1,000 by doing a part-time job during the summer vacation.
A.borrowed B.opened
C.entered D.ordered
答案:B。本题考查动词词义辨析。borrow “借;向……借”;open “着手;开始”;enter“进入”; order“命令”;open a bank account“开银行账户”。句意:暑假期间我靠打零工挣了1000美元后在银行开了一个账户。
13.(2011·天津,8)She______an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping at the department store.
A.turned down B.dealt with
C.looked after D.came across
答案:D。本题考查动词短语辨析。turn down “拒绝;调小(音量)”;deal with “对付;处理”;look after “照料;照顾”;come across“偶然遇见”。由句意知D项正确。句意:昨天她在一家商场购物时遇到了一位老朋友。
14.(2011·浙江卷,12)He decided that he would drive all the way home instead of ________ at a hotel for the night.
A.putting down B.putting off
C.putting on D.putting up
答案:D。考查动词短语辨析。句意:他决定一路开车回家而不在旅馆住宿过夜。put down“记下,放下;镇压,平定”; put off“延期;推迟;打消(疑虑)”; put on“穿上;演出;表演;装出(某种样子);增加体重”;put up“建造,支起,搭起;张贴;为……提供食宿,投宿”。D项符合题意。
15.(2011·辽宁卷,22)What are you doing out of bed, Tom? You're______to be asleep.
A.supposed B.known
C.thought D.considered
答案:A。本题考查动词辨析。句意:汤姆你在床下干什么?你应该睡觉了。be supposed to相当于should,“应该,应当”,符合题意。21世纪教育网
16.(2011·辽宁卷,24)You are old enough to______your own living.
A.win B.gain
C.take D.earn
答案:D。本题考查动词辨析。句意:你足够大了,可自己谋生了。earn/make one's living为固定搭配,意为“谋生”。
17.(2011·辽宁卷,26)The exam results will be______on Friday afternoon.
A.put down B.put off
C.put up D.put away
答案:C。本题考查短语动词的用法。句意:考试结果要星期五下午张贴公布。put down “记下,写下,镇压”;put off“推迟,延期”;put up“建起,搭起,张贴”;put away “收拾起来”。
18.(2011·福建卷,28)I'd prefer to______my judgement until I find all the evidence.
A.show B.express
C.pass D.reserve
答案:D。本题考查动词词义辨析。句意:在我发现所有的证据前,我宁愿保留判断。show“显示,表明”;express“表明,表达”;pass“传递,通过”;reserve“保留”。由句意可知D项正确。
19.(2011·福建卷,31)Born into a family with three brothers,David was______to value the sense of sharing.
A.brought up B.turned down
C.looked after D.held back
答案:A。本题考查动词短语在具体语境中的应用。句意:生在一个有三个哥哥的家庭里,戴维被教育要珍惜分享意识。bring up“教育,抚养”;turn down“拒绝,(把声音等)调低”;look after“照料”;hold back“扣留,隐瞒不讲”。根据句意,A项正确。
20. (2011·安徽,21)As the story________, the truth about the strange figure is slowly discovered.
A.begins B.happens
C.ends D.develops
答案:D。考查动词词义辨析。句意:随着故事的展开,关于这个奇怪人物的真相也慢慢被发现了。begin“开始”;happen“发生”;end“结束,终结”;develop “发展,展开”。
21.(2011·安徽,34) If you ________faults but you still want the bicycle, ask the shop assistant to reduce the price.
A. come across B. care about
C. look for D. focus upon
答案:A。考查动词短语。句意:如果你发现自行车有缺陷但你仍然想要买这辆自行车,就要求店员降低价格。A项意为“偶然发现,遇到”;B项意为“关心”;C项意为“寻找”;D项意为“集中于”。
22.(2011·陕西卷,25)Some insects________the colour of their surroundings to protect themselves.
A. take in B. take off
C. take on D. take out
答案:C。考查动词短语辨析。句意:有些动物呈现出他们周围事物的颜色以保护自己。take in“接受,吸收,接纳;理解,领会;欺骗;包括”;take off “脱下;起飞;匆匆离开 ;拿走;突然走红;流行开”;take on “开始雇用;呈现,具有;同……较量,接受……的挑战;承担,从事”;take out “取出;割掉;拔去;取得;擦掉;洗掉”。显然C项符合题意。
23.(2011·江西卷,35)You can't predict everything. Often things don't ________ as you expect.
A.run out B.break out
C.work out D.put out
答案:C。本题考查动词短语辨析。句意:你不能预测所有的事情。事情经常不按照你预料的发展。run out“用完,用光”;break out“爆发”;work out“产生结果,发展”;put out“扑灭,出版”。
24.(2010·全国卷Ⅰ)The workers ______ the glasses and marked on each box“This Side Up”.
A.carried B.delivered
C.pressed D.packed
答案:D。考查动词辨析。句意:工人们把玻璃杯装箱,并给每个箱子贴上标签,写上“此面朝上”。carry“提,搬,运送,携带”;deliver“递送”;press“按,强迫”;pack“(把……)打包”。只有pack符合句意,因此答案为D。
25. (2010·全国卷Ⅱ)My mother opened the drawer to ______ the knives and spoons.
A.put away B.put up
C.put on D.put together
答案:A。考查动词短语辨析。打开抽屉的目的是把刀和调羹匙放进去。put away表示“把……收起来放好”。后三项分别表示“张贴”“穿上”“组合”,都不符合句意。
26.(2010·江西卷)Parents______much importance to education.They will do their best to give their children that priceless gift.
A.attach B.pay
C.link D.apply
答案:A。考查动词辨析。句意:父母亲都非常重视教育。他们会尽自己最大的努力给予孩子们无价的馈赠。attach much importance to“非常重视……”;pay attention to “注意……”。
27.(2010·江西卷)Smell the flowers before you go to sleep,and you may just______sweet dreams.
A.keep up with B.put up with
C.end up with D.catch up with
答案:C。考查动词短语辨析。句意:你在睡觉前闻一闻这些花,即可终得美梦。keep up with“跟上”;put up with“忍受”;end up with“以……告终”;catch up with“赶上”。
28.(2010·辽宁卷)Thousands of people ______ to watch yesterday’s match against Ireland.
A. turned on B.turned in
C. turned around D.turned out
答案:D。考查动词词组辨析。turn on“打开”;turn in“上交,归还”;turn around“转身,转换方向”;turn out“为某事而集合,出动;结果为,证明是”。句意:成千上万的人去观看了昨天与爱尔兰的那场比赛。根据句意选D项。
29.(2010·辽宁卷)The new movie ______ to be one of the biggest money-makers of all time.
A. promises B. agrees
C. pretends D. declines
答案:A。考查动词辨析。句意:这部新电影有望成为有史以来最赚钱的电影之一。promise to be表示“有希望成为……”,符合句意。agree to do“同意做某事”;pretend to be“假装是……”;decline to do“拒绝做某事”。
30. (2010·安徽卷)No matter how low you consider yourself,there is always someone ______ you wishing they were that high.
A.getting rid of B.getting along with
C.looking up to D.looking down upon
答案:C。考查词组辨析。句意:不管你多么看低自己,总有敬重你的人希望他们也(像你一样)那么高尚。look up to表示“尊重,敬仰”。get rid of“摆脱”;get along with“与……和睦相处,进展”;look down upon“轻视,瞧不起”,都不符合句意。
31. (2010·安徽卷)—How did you like Nick’s performance last night?
—To be honest,his singing didn’t______to me much.
A.appeal B.belong
C.refer D.occur
答案:A。考查动词辨析。答语的意思是:老实说,他的歌唱不太吸引我。appeal to“吸引”。belong to“属于”;refer to“暗指,提到,查阅”;occur to“发生在,被想起”,都与所给句意不符。
32.(2011·浙江卷,6)The school isn't the one I really wanted to go to, but I suppose I'll just have to ________ it.
A.make the best of B.get away from
C.keep an eye on D.catch up with
答案:A。考查动词短语辨析。句意:这个学校不是我真正想去的,但是我认为我不得不充分利用它了。make the best of“充分利用,妥善处理”;get away from“逃离”;keep an eye on“留神,留意”;catch up with“追上,赶上”。A项符合题意。
33.(2010·湖北卷)Just as the clothes a person wears,the food he eats and the friends with whom he spends his time,his house ______ his personality.
A.resembles B.strengthens
C.reflects D.shapes
答案:C。考查动词辨析。句意:就像一个人穿的衣服、吃的食物、一起打发时间的朋友一样,他住的房子也同样反映他的性格。resemble“相似,类似,像”;strengthen“加强”;reflect“反映”;shape“定形,使……成形,塑造”。显然,C项符合题意。
34.(2010·湖北卷)Had she ______ her promise,she would have made it to Yale University.
A.looked up to B.lived up to
C.kept up with D.come up with
答案:B。考查动词短语。句意:如果她达到了她许诺的标准,她就能成功上耶鲁大学了。look up to“尊敬,敬仰”;live up to“符合,达到预期标准,不辜负……的希望”;keep up with“跟上,赶上”;come up with“提出,想出”。B项符合题意。
35.(2010·天津卷)He telephoned the travel agency to ______ three air tickets to London.
A.order B.arrange
C.take D.book
答案:D。考查动词词义辨析。“订票”通常用动词book, order表示“定购(商品)”。
36.(2010·天津卷)Joining the firm as a clerk,he got rapid promotion,and ______ as a manager.
A.ended up B.dropped out
C.came back D.started off
答案:A。考查动词短语辨析。句意:他进公司时是职员,很快他得到提升,并最终当上经理。end up“结束,告终”;drop out“退出(比赛),辍学”;come back“恢复(知觉、记忆等),回想起,重新流行”;start off“出发,开始活动”。
37.(2010·山东卷)Sam ______ some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it.
A.brought up B.looked up
C.picked up D.set up
答案:C。考查动词短语。由句意可知,Sam是在看别人用电脑的时候,无意间获得了一些电脑知识。表示偶然学到的技能或知识,要用pick up, bring up“提出,养育”;look up“查阅”;set up“树立,建立”。
38.(2010·山东卷)Your house is always so neat—how do you ______ it with three children?
A.manage B.serve
C.adapt D.construct
答案:A。考查动词。句意:你的房子总是那么整洁——有三个孩子(在家里乱),你是怎么做到(保持房子整洁)的呢?manage“能解决(问题),应付(困难局面等)”,符合句意。serve“服务”;adapt“(使)适应”;construct“建造”。
39. (2010·福建卷)We've just moved into a bigger house and there's a lot to do.Let's ______ it.21世纪教育网
A.keep up with B.do away with
C.get down to D.look forward to
答案:C。考查动词短语。句意:我们刚搬到一所大房子里,有很多事情要做,我们开始干吧。get down to“开始做……”,符合题意。keep up with“跟上,赶得上”;do away with“废除,消灭”;look forward to“期待,盼望”。
40.(2010·四川卷)Some people eat with their eyes.They prefer to order what______nice.
A.looks B.smells
C.feels D.tastes
答案:A。考查动词的辨析。look为系动词,意为“看起来”。句意:有些人用眼选择东西吃,他们喜欢点看起来好的菜。smell“闻起来”;feel“感觉起来”;taste“尝起来”。21世纪教育网
41.(2010·四川卷)Jenny was looking for a seat when,luckily,a man______and left.
A.took up B.got up
C.shut up D.set up
答案:B。考查动词短语的辨析。句意:很幸运,詹妮找座位时,有个男的站起来离开了。get up“站起来”;take up即“拿起,捡起,占去(地方、时间、注意力等),开始从事(一项事业、一种职业等)”;shut up“关闭(门、窗等),(使)住口”;set up“开办,装配,建立”。21世纪教育网
42.(2010·陕西卷)You look well.The air and the sea foods in Sanya must ______ you,I suppose.
A.agree with B.agree to
C.agree on D.agree about
答案:A。考查动词短语辨析。句意:你看起来气色不错。我想,三亚的空气和海鲜肯定很适合你。agree with sb.表示“适应”,主语常为气候、食物等,符合语境。agree to sth.表示同意某事(主语为单方);agree on和agree about意思基本一样,都表示“就/关于……取得了一致的意见”,主语为协商某件事情的双方或多方。
43.(2010·江苏卷)Thousands of foreigners were______to the Shanghai World Expo the day it opened.
A.attended B.attained
C.attracted D.attached
答案:C。考查动词辨析。句意:在上海世博会开放当天,成千上万的外国人被“吸引”到此处。attend表示“参加”,是及物动词,不必加to,而且要用主动形式,所以A项错误;B项表示“达到”,D项be attached to表示“附属于”,都不符合语境。
44.(2010·江苏卷)The experiment has______the possibility of the existence of any life on that planet,but it does not mean there is no life on other planets.
A.found out B.pointed out
C.ruled out D.carried out
答案:C。考查动词词组辨析。句意:试验排除了那个星球上存在生命的可能,但是这并不意味着其他星球上没有生命。rule out“排除”。find out“查明”;point out“指出”;carry out“实行”,都与所给语境不符。
45.(2010·浙江卷)The majority of people in the town strongly______the plan to build a playground for children.
A.consider B.support
C.confirm D.submit
答案:B。考查动词辨析。句意:大部分镇里人强烈支持为孩子们建操场的计划。support“支持”,符合句意,选B项。consider“考虑”;confirm“确认”;submit“呈递,递交”。
46.(2010·浙江卷)After that,he knew he could______any emergency by doing what he could to the best of his ability.
A.get away with B.get on with
C.get through D.get across
答案:C。考查动词词组辨析。句意:在此之后,他知道只要尽全力就能成功应对一切紧急事件。get through“度过(艰难等)”,符合句意。get away with“逃走,受到从轻发落”; get on with“与……和睦相处”; get across“被传达,被理解”,都与句意不符。
47. (2009·全国卷Ⅰ)Encourage your children to try new things, but try not to ______ them too hard.
A. draw B. strike
C. rush D. push
答案:D。动词词义辨析。从语境知“鼓励孩子去尝试新事物,但不要逼迫孩子太厉害了”。draw“提取;吸引”;strike“撞击;打动”;rush“匆忙地做”;push“推动;逼迫”。
48. (2009·天津卷)Don't worry if you don't understand everything. The teacher will ______ the main points at the end.
A. recover B. review
C. require D. remember
答案:B。动词词义辨析。根据句意“如果你不能全部理解不要担心,因为老师最后要复习这些要点”。选项中recover“恢复”;review“回顾,复习”;require“要求”;remember“牢记”。根据句意选B。
49. (2009·山东卷)—Do you have enough to ______ all your daily expenses?
—Oh yes, enough and to spare.
A. cover B. spend
C. fill D. offer
答案:A。动词词义辨析。根据句意:——你有足够的钱来支付你的日常花费吗?——是的。足够而且还有剩余。可以看出,对于此题来说考查了cover与spend的辨析,同时也考查了cover的其它的意思。cover在此处的意思是是“负担,支付”。
50. (2009·北京卷)When I talked with my grandma on the phone, she sounded weak, but by the time we ______ up, her voice had been full of life.
A. were hanging B. had hung
C. hung D. would hang
答案:C。此题既考查动词的时态又考查动词hang的过去式、过去分词的不同形式。句意:当我和祖母通电话的时候,她的声音听起来很虚弱,但当我们要结束通话的时候,她的声音充满了活力。很明显挂断电话的动作发生在“充满活力的声音”之后,相比之下hung up只能是过去的动作。另外hang表示“挂断”时,过去式和过去分词要用hung。
51. (2009·安徽卷)Just as Professor Scotti often ______ it, success is ninety-nine percent mental attitude.
A. gets B. makes
C. puts D. means
答案:C。此题考查了动词的固定搭配。根据前半句,“正如斯考提教授经常……”,显然,所缺词的意思应当是“所言”,只有put有“提出”之意,最接近句意,it代替后面整个句子的内容。
52. (2009·福建卷)The Somali robbers' frequent attacks on the sea urged the United Nations to ______ all nations to take immediate action.
A. fight for B. apply for
C. call on D. wait on
答案:C。考查动词短语辨析。fight for“与……做斗争;为……而战”;apply for“申请”;call on“拜访(人);号召”;wait on“等待,伺候,服伺”。根据句子的意思“索马里海盗在海上频繁的抢劫敦促联合国号召所有国家立即采取行动。”可以选出正确的答案。
53. (2009·安徽卷)We tried to find a table for seven, but they were all ______.
A. given away B. kept away
C. taken up D. used up
答案:C。考查动词短语辨析。根据句子的意思“我们试图找一张能坐7人的桌子,但是它们都被占了。”选项中give away“赠送”;keep away“使离开”;take up“占据”;use up“用完”。
54. (2009·全国卷Ⅰ)I tried phoning her office, but I couldn't ______.
A. get along B. get on[来源:21世纪教育网]
C. get to D. get through
答案:D。此题考查了关于get所构成的短语辨析。get along “前进;友好相处”;get on“上车”;get to“到达”;get through“接通”。根据句子的意思“我试着给她的办公室打电话,但是没有接通”,从语境知D项正确。
55. (2009·四川卷)—Have you ______?
—No. I had the wrong number.
A. got in B. got away
C. got off D. got through
答案:D。此题考查了关于get所构成的短语辨析。get in“进入;到达”;get away“逃脱;离开”;get off“下车”;get through“接通(电话)”。联系语境,后者说拨错了号码,所以D项正确。
56. (2009·江西卷)It is reported that the police will soon ______ the case of two missing children.
A. look upon B. look after
C. look into D. look out
答案:C。此题考查了关于look所构成的短语辨析。短语look upon的意思是“看作;显得不错”;look after“照料;照顾”;look out“向外看;注意”;look into“调查”。根据句子的意思“根据报道不久警察将调查那两个失踪孩子的案件”。选择C项。
57. (2009·湖北卷)Would you please ______ the paper for me and see if there are any obvious mistakes?
A. look around B. look into
C. look up D. look through
答案:D。look around“四下观望”;look into“调查”;look up“查找;找寻”;look through“仔细检查”。句意:请你为我检查一下这份文件,看是否有任何明显的错误,可以吗?
58. (2009·浙江卷)Practising Chinese kung fu can not only ______ one's strength, but also develop one's character.
A. bring up B. take up
C. build up D. pull up
答案:C。动词短语辨析。bring up“抚养,教育”;take up“拿起,占据”;build up“健身,塑身”;pull up“使……停止,阻止”。根据句子的意思“练习中国功夫既能增强力量,又能培养品格。”可以知道正确答案是C。
59. (2009·四川卷)—How about your journey to Mount Emei?
—Everything was wonderful except that our car ______ twice on the way.
A. slowed down B. broke down
C. got down D. put down
答案:B。动词短语辨析。slow down“减速”;break down“出毛病;压倒”;get down“下来”;put down“记下”。根据语境知,车子在路上坏了两次,故B项正确。
60.(2011·天津十二区县联考一,5)—Shi Changxu was awarded a special state prize for his scientific research.
—He certainly ________ that honor, for he has devoted so much to the country.
A.expects B.deserves
C.observes D.respects
答案:B。句意:——石昌旭因其科学研究而被授予一项国家特别奖。——他当然值得获得这一荣誉,因为他为国家做了那么多贡献。考查动词辨析。deserve “应受(奖赏、特殊待遇等),应得,值得”。expect“预期,预料,期待,盼望”;observe “观察,遵守,观测,注意,庆祝”;respect“尊敬,敬重,遵守,尊重,重视”。
61.(2011·天津十二区县联考一,11)More and more rich people have promised to ________ their wealth after death to help the poor and the disabled.
A.give away B.give up
C.give out D.give off
答案:A。句意:越来越多的富人已许诺死后要损赠他们的财产给穷人和残疾人。考查动词短语辨析。give away“赠送,送出”。give up“放弃, 抛弃”;give out“分发,宣布,耗尽,散发”;give off“发出(光等),放出”。
62.(2011·东北三省四市联考,24)Once infected with HIV, the body is unable to ________ itself against diseases.
A.defend B.judge
C.save D.prevent
答案:A。句意:一旦感染HIV,身体就不能保护自己免受病菌的侵袭。defend sb./sth. from/against sb./sth. “保护某人/某物免受……的伤害”。prevent意为“阻/防止”,prevent sb./sth. from doing sth.“阻止或妨碍某人/某事物做某事”。如:prevent the spread of a disease/a disease from spreading “防止某种疾病的蔓延”。save sb./sth. from sth./doing sth.“拯救/援救/保全……以免受伤害/损失等”。如:save sb. from drowning “救溺水的人”。从动词与后面介词against的搭配排除prevent和save,选defend。
63.(2011·东北三省四市联考,30)We did have a quarrel about money last night, but now we have already ________.
A.taken up B.made up
C.put up D.brought up
答案:B。句意:昨天晚上我们确实因为钱的问题吵了一架,但现在我们已经和好了。考查动词短语。注意关键词did have a quarrel和but。take up“占据(时间、空间)、从事”;make up“补上、和解”;put up“张贴、举起、提高,提供食宿”;bring up“教育、培养、提出”。根据句意可知选B。
64.(2011·东北三校二模,22)—If your son keeps practising, he ________ to make a famous cross-country skier in our province.21世纪教育网
—I'm thrilled with joy and very grateful to you, Mr. Li.
A.wants B.hopes
C.promises D.wishes
答案:C。句意:——如果你的儿子持续训练的话,他有望成为我们省著名的越野滑雪运动员。——我心情无比激动,也非常感谢你,李老师。考查动词辨析。promise“给人以……的指望;有……的可能”。promise to do“有望做……”。
65.(2011·东北三校二模,24)—I can't quite ________ what it is a photograph of.
—Oh, it is our new boat.
A.come out B.make out
C.turn out D.pick out
答案:B。句意:——我搞不清这张照片上是什么。——哦,这是我们的新船。考查动词词组。make out“辨认出,看清楚,理解”。come out“出版,刊出,出现,显露,长出”;turn out“结果是,证明是”;pick out“挑选出”。
66.(2011·沈阳二模,9)The petrol in the car ________ on our way to the beach, so we had to walk there.
A.gave up B.gave off
C.gave in D.gave out
答案:D。句意:在去海滩的路上车上的汽油用完了,因此我们不得不步行去那儿。考查动词短语辨析。give out“用尽/完,耗尽” 符合语境和常识。give up “放弃,抛弃,停止,戒除,交出”;give off“发出(光等),放出,散发”;give in “投降,让步,屈服”。
67.(2011·沈阳二模,14)As reliable parents, they never ________ to give their son what he is promised.
A.expect B.intend
C.manage D.fail
答案:D。句意:作为可信赖的家长,他们对向儿子做出的承诺从不食言。reliable“可靠的,可信赖的”。考查动词辨析和搭配。fail to do sth.“未能做”和句中的never连用意为“从来不会做不到”,符合语境和逻辑。expect sb. to do sth.“期盼某人做某事”;intend to do sth.“打算/意欲做某事”;manage to do sth.“想方设法做成某事”。
68.(2011·万家庄二模,10)When in trouble, remember to stay calm, and everything will ________ well.
A.turn back B.turn up
C.turn down D.turn out
答案:D。句意:当遭遇困境时,记住要保持冷静,并且一切最终会好起来。考查动词短语辨析。turn out“证明是,结果是”,表示出乎意料的结果。turn back“阻止; 阻挡”;turn up“出现,露面,发生”;turn down“调低,调小,拒绝”。
69.(2011·太原基础知识测试,34)By playing with the native boys and girls, one can ________ a lot of their language.
A.put up B.set up
C.pick up D.build up
答案:C。句意:通过和那些本地的男孩和女孩在一起玩耍,一个人可以无意中学会很多他们的语言。考查动词短语辨析。pick up“无意中学会,在实践中学会”。put up“建造,供给……食宿”;set up“竖立,建立,创立,建造”;build up“增进,使增大,积累”。易错选D。没有准确理解语境和build up的意思及动宾搭配而造成误选。如:build up one's strength增进体质,build up one's algebra提高代数水平,build up one's honour积累荣誉。
70.(2011·河南示范高中适应性测试,22)—What experience most ________ who you are, Richard?
—My father let me play the guitar when I was three. Thirty-two years later, I still play.
A.proved B.impressed
C.permitted D.shaped
答案:D。句意:——Richard,什么经历对塑造现在的你影响最大?——在我三岁时,我爸爸让我弹吉他。——三十二年之后,我仍然弹。考查动词辨析。shape“塑造,定形,使……成形,形成”。如:Childhood experiences often play a big part in shaping one's character.童年经历在形成一个人的性格方面往往起重要作用。impress“给……以深刻的印象,使铭记,铭刻”。如:My father impressed me with the importance of hard work.我父亲使我明白了努力工作的重要性。易错选B。尽管impress也有影响的意思,但其侧重对某人留下深刻的印象从而造成影响,而本句语境为:什么使你成为现在的你,侧重形成某种性格塑造某人,用shape一词能准确表示这一意思。
71.(2011·济南4月模拟,25)With only ten minutes to ________ before the interview, I felt a little uneasy.
A.go B.leave
C.catch D.follow
答案:A。句意:离面试时间只剩十分钟,我觉得有点不安。uneasy“不自在的,不稳定的,心神不安的”。考查with复合结构中不定式作宾补时动词形式的辨析。go指(时间)过去。易错选B。该结构中若用leave,需用with ten minutes left。
72.(2011·济南4月模拟,34)My brother is not in very good shape, so he has ________ tennis to get fit.
A.made up B.built up
C.taken up D.held up
答案:C。句意:我弟弟体型不太好,因此他开始打网球来健身。考查动词短语辨析。take up“开始从事”。make up“弥补”;build up“增进,使增强”;hold up“抢劫,举起,展示”。
73.(2011·济南一模,25)Our car broke down suddenly and the heavy rain ________ our helplessness.
A.made out B.led to
C.turned out D.added to
答案:D。句意:我们的车突然抛锚,并且那场大雨又增加了我们的无助。考查短语动词辨析。add to“增加,增添”。make out “辨别出,识别出,书写,填写,理解”;lead to“导致,通向”;turn out“证明是,结果是”。
74.(2011·武汉四月调测,23)Most people believe that information technology can ________ the gap between the poor and the rich.
A.meet B.break
C.bridge D.form
答案:C。句意:大多数人认为,信息技术能缩短穷人和富人之间的差距。考查动词辨析。bridge “以桥连接着,架桥于……上”,符合句意。
75.(2011·武汉四月调测,24)Tomorrow the mayor is to ________ a group of Canadian businessmen on a tour of the city.
A.connect B.cooperate
C.accompany D.associate
答案:C。句意:明天市长将要陪同加拿大商人巡访这座城市。考查动词辨析。accompany“陪同,陪伴”。A、D强调联系;B合作,协作,配合。易错选B。cooperate是不及物动词,需加with才能跟宾语。如:They would not cooperate with him.他们不愿与他合作。
76.(2011·武汉四月调测,25)In the chairman's speech, he expressed his doubt about whether Japan would ________ the difficulties caused by the earthquake in a short period.
A.look through B.sit through
C.go through D.pull through
答案:D。句意:主席在演讲中对日本是否能在短期内渡过由地震引起的难关表示怀疑。考查动词短语。pull through“渡过危机(或难关),恢复健康”。易错选C。混淆了go through和pull through的区别。go through“经历,详细检查,被通过”。
77.(2011·武汉四月调测,26)Considering your income, you should be able to ________ at least twenty dollars a week.
A.put forward B.put in
C.put down D.put aside
答案:D。句意:考虑到你的收入,你一周应该能够至少存储20美元。考查动词短语。put aside“把……放在一边,撇开,储存,保留”。put forward“提出,提前,拨快(钟表)”。
78.(2011·湖北八市三月调考,22)My new job ________ me travelling all over the country, which means I won't be able to spend much time with my son.
A.takes B.promises
C.involves D.causes
答案:C。句意:我的新工作需要我在全国各地旅行,这就意味着我将不能有太多的时间和儿子在一起。考查动词辨析。involve 牵涉,使忙于(+in+v.-ing),如:His work involves occasional journeys.他的工作偶尔需要出差旅行。He was involved in writing his doctoral dissertation.他在聚精会神地写他的博士论文。take主要用于It takes sb. some time to do sth.句型;promise“允诺,答应,有希望”;cause“导致,引起,使发生”,主要用于cause sb. to do sth.结构。易错选B。promise 尽管有“给人以……的指望,有……的可能”之意,但其后跟不定式;如It promises to be fine tomorrow.明天有希望是个好天气。
79.(2011·湖北八市三月调考,23)Nobody knows why the boy can tell what's written on the paper in another room without looking at it. It really ________ explanation.
A.prevents B.challenges
C.interrupts D.confuses
答案:B。句意:没有人知道为什么那个男孩不看就能断定在另一个房间的纸上写的什么,这确实难以解释。考查动词辨析。challenge“对……提出异议,向……挑战,怀疑,质疑,反对”,如:He challenged my view on that matter.他就我对那件事的看法提出异议。prevent“防止,制/阻止,妨碍”;interrupt“打断,中断,打扰,阻碍”;confuse“搞乱,使糊涂”。易错选D。confuse主要有两层意思:①把(某人)弄湖涂,使迷惑,如:They confused me by their conflicting advice.他们的建议相互矛盾,把我弄湖涂了。②把(某事物)搞乱,打乱,如:His granddaughter confused the papers on his desk.他的孙女把他书桌上的文件弄乱了。
80.(2011·湖北八市三月调考,24)After hearing the poor little girl's sad story, I tried to ________ my sympathy by holding her hand firmly.
A.improve B.convey
C.confirm D.resist
答案:B。句意:听了那个可怜的小女孩的悲惨故事后,我试图通过紧握她的手表达我的同情。考查动词辨析。convey“传达,传递,表达”,如:I found it hard to convey my feelings in words.我觉得难以用言语表达我的感情。improve“改善,提高”;confirm “证实,证明,确定”,如:The announcement confirmed my suspicious.这项通告证明了我的猜疑属实。resist“反抗,抗拒,忍耐,忍住”。
81.(2011·湖北八校三月调考,29)My friend and I planned the trip for a long time, but then her father fell ill, so I ________ going alone.
A.ended up B.kept up
C.stayed up D.cheered up
答案:A。句意:我和我朋友计划这次旅行已经很久了,但之后她父亲病了,因此我最终不得不独自去旅行。考查动词短语辨析。end up“结束,告终”。keep up“继续,保持,维持,跟上”;stay up“熬夜”;cheer up“高兴起来,振作起来,使高兴,使振奋”。易错选B。只注意和后面v.-ing的搭配,而没有注意其意思造成的误选。keep up doing sth.“继续做某事”与语境“我以独自旅行而告终”矛盾。
82.(2011·湖北八校三月调考,30)Studying abroad is quite different from that in China. It took me nearly half a year to ________ the language problem and culture shock.
A.turn over B.take over
C.go over D.get over
答案:D。句意:在国外学习和在中国学习有很大的不同,它花费了我近半年的时间去解决语言问题和文化冲击。考查动词短语。get over“克服”。如:She can't get over her shyness.她无法克服她的羞怯心理。turn over“翻转,倾覆”;take over“接收,接管”;go over“检查,复习”。
83.(2011·江南十校二模,25)His first baby was born soon after he got married, which seemed to have ________ his sense of responsibility.
A.brought down B.brought out
C.turned down D.turned out
答案:B。句意:婚后不久他的第一个孩子就诞生了,这似乎使他的责任感得以展现了出来。考查动词短语辨析。bring out“使……显示出来,使出现,使暴露,阐明”。bring down“使倒下,减少”;turn down“调低,关小,拒绝”;turn out“结果是,证明是,生产”。
84.(2011·江南十校二模,29)After so many disasters, we should ________ greater importance to harmony with nature.
A.attach B.contribute21世纪教育网
C.apply D.devote
答案:A。句意:在经历了这么多的灾难之后,我们应该更加重视与自然和谐相处。考查动词搭配。attach importance to“重视……”。contribute...to“为……贡献……,给……捐赠……”;apply...to“应用/使适用”;devote...to“专心于,致力于”。B、C、D三项虽可以和介词to连用,但和improtance 构不成搭配。
85.(2011·江南十校联考,30)Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao ________ open the 2010 Asian Games in the middle of the Pearl River on Haixinsha Island.
A.published B.declared
C.announced D.called
答案:B。句意:中国总理温家宝在珠江中心的海心沙岛上正式宣告亚运会开幕。考查动词辨析。declare“宣布”,指正式而明确地向公众“宣布、宣告、声明”,侧重“当众”发表,多用于宣战、议和、宣判等。易错选C。announce“公开发表、宣布”侧重“预告”人们所关心或感兴趣的事情。因没有注意“正式和明确地向公众宣布”的语境和不清楚announce和declare的区别而误选。
86.(2011·皖南八校第三次联考,22)It takes more than knowledge and intelligence to ________ a good researcher.
A.make B.turn
C.get D.grow
答案:A。句意:要成为一个好的研究员需要的不仅仅是知识和智能。考查动词。make a good researcher成为一个好的研究员;turn为系动词,后接可数名词单数作表语时,单数名词前不用冠词。
87.(2011·皖南八校第三次联考,31)I'd ________ that house for the time being; house prices are rising sharply at the moment.
A.hold on to B.come up to
C.give in to D.look up to
答案:A。句意:目前房价一直在迅猛上涨,我愿暂时牢牢持有那座房子。考查动词短语。hold on to“坚持,紧紧抓住”符合语境。come up to“符合,达到(标准),比得上”;give in to“投降,让步,屈服于”;look up to“尊敬,敬仰”。
88.(2011·皖南八校第三次联考,34)Considering his health I advise him to ________ an hour or two each day to work out.
A.set about B.set off
C.set up D.set aside
答案:D。句意:考虑到他的健康,我建议他每天预留出一、两个小时的锻炼时间。work out“锻炼”。考查动词词组。set aside“留出,腾出”符合语境。set about“着手,开始”;set off“出发,动身,使爆炸 ”;set up“竖立,建立,创立,建造”。
89.(2011·合肥第三次质检,24)—Will $100 ________?
—I'm afraid not. We need at least another 20 dollars.
A.count B.satisfy
C.fit D.do
答案:D。句意:——100美元行么?——恐怕不行。我们至少还需要20美元。考查动词辨析。do含义为:行,可以。count计算,数,认为,看作;satisfy使满意,使高兴,使满足;fit(衣服)合……身,与……相称,符合。
90.(2011·合肥第三次质检,35)Frank's ability to learn from observation and experience ________ greatly to his success in public life.
A.owed B.contributed
C.attached D.related
答案:B。句意:Frank善于从观察和经验中学习,这很有助于他在公众生活中的成功。考查动词辨析。contribute to“有助于,促进”。
91.(2011·合肥第二次质检,29)—What are we going to do after work?
—I'm thinking that we could ________ a movie.
A.take down B.take out
C.take in D.take on
答案:C。句意:——下班后我们去做什么?——我想我们可以看场电影。考查动词短语辨析。此处考查take in的熟词生义:go to see or visit (a film, museum, etc.)when one is in a place for a different purpose顺便看(电影)或参观(博物馆等)。如:I generally try to take in a show when I'm in New York on business.我到纽约出差时常顺便看场演出。take on“从事,雇用,呈现”;take down“记下,写下,拿下”;take out “取出,除去,扣除,带……出去”。[来源:21世纪教育网]
92.(2011·合肥第二次质检,33)—Mr. Smith, would you have some more ice cream?
—No, thanks. It's very good, but I have to ________ my weight, you know.
A.watch B.remain
C.pull D.gain
答案:A。句意:——Smith先生,是不是再来点冰激凌?——不,谢谢。冰激凌很好吃,但你知道我得注意体重。考查动词辨析。watch“注意,留心,提防(尤指可能发生的危险)”符合语境。如:Watch for a sudden change in the patient's condition.密切注意病人病情可能发生的突然变化。
93.(2011·苏锡常镇一调,28)—Why are you ________ your things?
—Well, the fact is, I've decided to leave.
A.picking up B.packing up
C.putting up D.taking up21世纪教育网
答案:B。句意:——你为什么在收拾东西?——哦,事实上我已经决定要离开了。考查动词辨析。pack up“收拾,打包”。易错选A。混淆了pick up和pack up的区别。pick up“拾起,(偶然)得到;(车船)中途搭(人),好转,改进”等。
94.(2011·南京二模,31)—I came all the way to inform you of the time and place of the meeting.
—You could have ________ yourself the trouble by calling me.
A.shared B.spared
C.cost D.removed
答案:B。句意:——我一路赶来通知你会议的时间和地点。——你本可以给我打电话而免了这份辛劳。考查动词辨析。spare“抽出,节约,饶恕,赦免”。share“分享,分配,共有”;cost“花费”;remove“消除,脱掉,免除”。
95.(2011·南京二模,33)The US was ________ a 20 to 30 percent appreciation (升值) of the yuan, and China's government refused this unfair demand.
A.accounting for B.compensating for
C.pushing for D.applying for
答案:C。句意:美国强烈要求人民币升值20%~30%,中国政府拒绝了这一无理要求。考查动词短语。push for“力图争取,强烈要求”;account for“(在数量方面)占,说明(原因等),对……负责”;compensate for “弥补,赔偿”;apply for“请求,申请”。
96.(2011·杭州质检二,12)To ________ skating, one needs to keep practicing and receive professional guidance.
A.catch hold of B.have an eye for
C.get the hang of D.stick to
答案:C。句意:任何一个人要想掌握溜冰的技巧,都需要不断地练习和接受专业的指导。考查短语辨析。get the hang of“掌握……的窍门,熟悉……的用法”。catch hold of“抓住,握住”;have an eye for“注意,监视……”;stick to“坚持(原则、计划、诺言、决定、意见等)”。易错选项为A。忽略catch hold of“抓住,握住,捉住,占有”表示具体的动作后跟具体的“物体”而误选。如:I threw the rope and he caught hold of it.我把绳子扔了过去,他一把就抓住了。He caught hold of the rabbit by its ears.他抓住兔子的耳朵,把它逮住了。
97.(2011·杭州质检二,13)Ann is a great writer and her writings have ________ the lives of millions.
A.intended B.influenced
C.obtained D.preserved
答案:B。句意:Ann是一位伟大的作家,她的作品影响了数百万人的生活。考查动词辨析。influence“影响,改变”符合语境。intend“计划,意欲,打算”;obtain“得到,获得,得到公认”;preserve“保存,保护”。21世纪教育网
98.(2011·杭州质检二,14)Since it was getting late, we decided to find a small inn to ________ for the night.
A.put off B.put out
C.put away D.put up
答案:D。句意:由于天色渐晚, 我们决定找一个小旅馆过夜。考查动词短语辨析。put up “供给……住宿,提供食宿”。put off“推迟,拖延,延期”;put out “伸出,扑灭,出版”;put away“放好,处理掉,储存……备用”。
99.(2011·江西九校联考,28)Duty is an act or a course of action that people ________ you to take by social customs, law or religion.
A.persuade B.request
C.instruct D.expect
答案:D。句意:所谓职责,是人们希望你们通过社会习俗、法律或宗教而采取的一种行为或行为方式。expect sb. to do sth.“期待/盼望某人做某事”,符合语境和搭配。persuade sb. to do sth.“说服某人做某事”;request sb. to do sth.“请求某人做某事”;instruct sb. to do sth.“吩咐/命令/指导某人做某事”。
100.(2011·福建名校样本分析考试,24)David asked Mary to go to a concert with him but she ________ his request ________ politely.
A.turned; up B.turned; out
C.turned; away D.turned; down
答案:D。句意:David请Mary和他一起去听音乐会,但是她礼貌地拒绝了他的请求。考查动词短语。turn down“拒绝”。turn up“出现;被找到,发现;将(声,光等)调高”;turn out“结果是;证明是;生产,制造”;turn away“走开;把脸转过去,打发走”。
101.(2011·福建名校样本分析考试, 27)At times, the balance in nature is ________, resulting in a number of possibly unforeseen effects.
A.troubled B.confused
C.disturbed D.puzzled
答案:C。句意:有时候,自然界平衡受到了干扰,导致了许多不可预见的影响。考查动词辨析。trouble主要指遇上难解决的问题而使人苦恼、忧虑;puzzled指人困惑的,因此将A、D两项排除;confused“混乱的”;disturbed “受到干扰的,扰乱的”。根据句意选择C项。易错选A。trouble侧重于困难、麻烦、苦恼;而disturb侧重于干扰, 扰乱,和balance构成搭配。
102.(2011·福建名校样本分析考试,29)Before the economic crisis came,John had sensed that the firm was to be ruined and he ________ just in time.
A.pulled up B.pulled out
C.pulled off D.pulled down
答案:B。句意:在经济危机到来之前,John就感觉到公司即将破产,因此他及时地退出了公司。考查动词辨析。pull out“拔出,抽去,取出,退出”。pull up“向上拉,拔,(使)停下来”;pull off“脱去,扯下,(成功地)完成”;pull down“拆毁,拉倒,拉下,降低”。
103.(2011·福建质检,25)If you ________ a high fever and a bad headache, you are advised to consult a doctor.
A.develop B.perform
C.present D.gather
答案:A。句意:如果你发高烧并头疼,建议你去咨询一下医生。consult“咨询”。develop“患(病),逐渐产生,逐渐养成”;perform“履行,执行,完成,演出,表演,演奏”;present“赠送,呈献”;gather“聚集,集合,收集”。
104.(2011·福建质检,28)The couple ________ some money every month for their future use even though their income can only make ends meet.
A.put off B.put up
C.set down D.set aside
答案:D。句意:那对夫妻每月预留出一些钱以备将来使用,即使他们的收入只能使收支平衡。考查动词短语辨析。set aside“留出,拨出”,符合语境。put off“推迟,拖延”;put up“建造,供给……住宿”;set down“记下,放下,制定,确定”。
105.(2011·桂林一模,26)The boss has never expected that his secretary should ________ such an issue at the meeting.
A.bring up B.bring down
C.bring in D.bring about
答案:A。句意:老板怎么也不会想到他的秘书居然在会议上提出这样的问题。考查动词短语辨析。bring up“提出,提起,谈到”。bring down“使倒下,减少”;bring in“获利,赚钱,引进,引入,产生(利润、收入)”;bring about “带来,引起”。
106.(2011·桂林一模,32)Mr. Black must be worried about something; you can ________ it from the look on his face.
A.react B.read
C.recognize D.realize
答案:B。句意:Black先生肯定在为某事忧虑,你可以从他脸上的表情看出来。考查动词辨析。read“读懂,觉察,读到,获悉”。如:She read his thoughts.她看出了他的心思。react“起反应,反抗,起作用”;recognize “认出,识别出”;realize“意识到,认识到”。
107.(2011·成都三诊,8)—Tommy, it's going to rain. Would you please hurry up?
—________! I'm just getting my coat and umbrella.
A.Go on B.Hold on
C.Carry on D.Come on
答案:B。句意:——Tommy,要下雨了,你能不能快点?——等会儿,我正在拿外套和雨伞。考查动词短语辨析。hold on“等会儿”。go on“继续(做某事)”;carry on“继续下去,坚持下去”;come on“请,来吧,加油,快点,进展”。A、C、D三项均不符合语境。
108.(2011·成都三诊,14)The meeting only took ten minutes, but it ________ like hours.
A.sounded B.looked
C.felt D.went
答案:C。句意:会议只开了十分钟,但是感觉像是几个小时。考查动词辨析。feel like“觉得像是,感觉好像”符合语境。sound“听起来”;look“看起来”;go (of time) pass (指时间)过去,消逝。如:Hasn't the time gone quickly?时间过得太快了吧?There are only two days to go before the election. 离选举只有两天了。
109.(2011·昆明质检,8)Learning to ________ makes it easier for one to get along well with others in work and life.
A.learn B.live
C.create D.share
答案:D。句意:学会分享使一个人在工作和生活中更易于同他人很好地相处。考查动词辨析。share“分享,分担”。如:My wife shared with me in distress.妻子与我共患难。We shared in his joy.我们分享了他的喜悦。
110.(2011·昆明质检,14)—Susan hit the headline in newspapers again. What is that?
—So far as I know, she has decided to ________ all her possessions to her hometown.
A.give up B.give away
C.give out D.give off
答案:B。句意:——Susan又上了报纸的头版头条,发生了什么事?——据我所知她已经决定把她所有的财产捐给老家了。考查动词短语辨析。give away“放弃,赠送,送出”。give up“放弃,抛弃,停止”;give out“分发,公布,用尽”;give off“发出,长出”。
111.(2011·黄冈模拟,26)A growing number of English teachers insist that the best way to ________ them to read more is to offer them more choices.
A.fascinate B.motivate
C.concentrate D.acquire
答案:B。句意:越来越多的英语老师持有这样的观点:激发他们多阅读的最好的方法是给他们提供更多的机会。考查动词辨析。motivate“给……动机,激发,刺激”。fascinate“令人入神,使着迷,入迷”;concentrate “集中,全神贯注”;acquire“获得,取得,养成,学到”。
112.(2011·黄冈模拟,27)Do your parents check your tests and read your diary? Here is how to ________ them to give you more of the privacy you want.
A.resemble B.transform
C.convince D.distribute
答案:C。句意:你的父母检查你的考试成绩和读你的日记吗?这儿给你提供一个怎样说服他们给你你想要的更多的私人空间的方法。考查动词辨析。convince“说服,使相信”。resemble“相似,像,类似”;transform“转换,改造,改变”;distribute“分发,散布,分配”。
113.(2011·黄冈模拟,28)With the world economic crisis worsening, people ________ the government for more unemployment benefits.
A.react to B.appeal to
C.refer to D.lead to
答案:B。句意:随着世界经济危机状况的恶化,人们呼吁政府提供更多的失业救济金。考查动词短语辨析。appeal to“呼吁,要求”。react to“对……(起)反应”;refer to “提到,谈论,参考,参照,与……有关,指的是”;lead to“导致,通向”。
114.(2011·黄冈模拟,29)Will you ________ my composition to find out whether I've made any spelling mistakes?
A.look through B.look on
C.look up D.look for
答案:A。句意:你能不能帮我浏览一下我的作文, 看是否有拼写错误?考查动词短语辨析。look through“浏览,仔细审查”。look on“观看,旁观”;look up“查询”;look for“寻找”。
115.(2011·枣庄二模,28)Would you mind repeating that? I didn't quite ________.
A.catch on B.make up
C.find out D.take over
答案:A。考查动词短语。catch on“理解,明白”;make up“编造,弥补,化妆”;find out“找到,发现”;take over“接管”。
116.(2011·武汉一模,30)I don't believe what he told us about meeting Yi Zhongtian. I think he was ________ the story.
A.making up B.taking up
C.keeping up D.bringing up
答案:A。考查动词短语辨析。make up此处表示“编造;捏造;虚构”,符合题意。take up“占有,占据”;keep up“维持,保持,不降低”;bring up“教育,养育”,这三项均不合语境。
117.(2011·昆明一模,8)—However busy he is, he will ________ some time for exercise every day.
—No wonder he is always so energetic.
A.put away B.turn out
C.bring in D.set aside
答案:D。考查动词短语辨析。句意:——不管他多么忙,他每天总留出时间锻炼。——难怪他总是那么精力充沛。put away“把……收拾起来放好”;turn out“结果是,证明是”;bring in“赚取,实现”;set aside“留出/拨出(金钱、时间等)”。
118.(2011·银川一模,29)The best way to deal with an impolite person is to ________ him.
A.remove B.ignore
C.escape D.concern
答案:B。考查动词辨析。句意:对待不懂礼貌的人最好的办法就是不理睬他。remove“移开,拿走”;ignore“忽视,不理睬”;escape“逃跑”;concern“关心”。根据句意,故选B。
119.(2011·济南二模,35)Liu Xiang trained hard before the Asian Games in Guangzhou, and it ________. He won the gold medal in 110 meters' hurdles.
A.worked out B.paid off
C.marked out D.got through
答案:B。考查动词短语。pay off在此处意为“成功,行得通”。work out“计算出,制定出”;mark out“标出”;get through“经历,完成”。
120.(2011·衡水一模,25)I must think things over, so don't ________ me.
A.rush B.expect
C.desire D.hope
答案:A。考查动词辨析。句意:有些事情我必须要考虑,所以不要催我。rush此处表示“催促”,符合语境。expect“期望,认为”;desire“渴望”;hope“希望”。
121.(2011·贵阳一模,32)The keys were ________ to our neighbour during our absence.
A.given out B.given away
C.given up D.given over
答案:D。考查动词短语辨析。句意:我们外出期间把钥匙交给了邻居保管。give out“分发,发布”;give away“泄露,捐赠”;give up“放弃”;give over“把……交托于……”。
122.(2011·滨州二模,32)Luckily, his words have ________ all our doubts about how the plan would be carried out.
A.brought about B.set off
C.cut in D.cleared up
答案:D。考查动词短语。clear up“清扫,扫除”;bring about“发生,导致”;set off“引发,使爆炸”;cut in“插话”。
123.(2011·大庆二模,26)Her descriptions ________ the details of the accident and it looks as if she was on the scene when the accident happened.
A.result in B.carry out
C.agree with D.make for
答案:C。考查动词短语辨析。句意:她的描述与事故发生的详细情况一致,好像事故发生时她就在现场一样。agree with“与……一致”,符合题意。
124.(2011·泰安二模,24)Everyone should learn something about first aid, because every second ________ in an emergency.
A.urges B.costs
C.needs D.counts
答案:D。考查动词。count=matter,“要紧,重要”。后半句句意:紧急情况中每秒钟都很重要。urge“敦促”;cost“花费”;need“需要”。
125.(2011·兰州一模,16)Lots of people were ________ from our hotel during May Day holidays because all the rooms in our hotel had been engaged.
A.turned in B.turned over
C.turned away D.turned out
答案:C。考查动词短语辨析。此处turn away表示“不让……进入”,符合语境。turn in“上交”;turn over“翻转”;turn out“最后结果是,最终成为,生产”。
126.(2011·包头一模,27)He is a worthy leader, who never ________ his power which is given by people.
A.uses B.abuses
C.ignores D.forces
答案:B。考查动词辨析。句意:他是一位受尊敬的领导,从不滥用人民给予的权利。abuse“滥用”符合句意。use“利用”;ignore“忽视,不理睬”; force“强迫”。
127.(2011·赤峰一模,25)I think your health will soon ________ if you have a holiday on the seaside.
A.give up B.pick up
C.take up D.get up
答案:B。考查动词短语辨析。句意:你如果在海边度过一个假期,我认为你很快会恢复健康的。pick up此处表示“恢复”。give up“放弃”;take up“从事,占有,占据”;get up“起床,站起来”。
128.(2011·淄博二模,29)Kate asked the girls to ________ so she could hear what her husband said on the phone.
A.slow down B.come down
C.settle down D.break down
答案:C。考查动词短语。settle down“安静下来”;slow down“减慢”;come down“下降,下来”;break down“(车)抛锚,(身体)垮掉,分解”。
129.(2011·青岛二模,31)The plan ________ just because people were unwilling to cooperate.
A.broke down B.pulled down
C.turned down D.put down
答案:A。句意:就因为人们不愿意合作,计划才搁浅了。break down“出故障,抛锚,垮掉,(计划等)受挫/失败”。pull down“拉下;拆毁”;turn down“拒绝;把声音调小”;put down“记下;镇压;使乘客下车”。除了A项可用作不及物外,其余三项都是及物动词词组,要有宾语或用被动式。
130.(2011·辽宁网上诊断联考,31)It is reported that the old man will ________ his company to one of his children next week.
A. go over B. hand over
C. take over D. turn over
答案:B。hand over“交出;移交”;go over“浏览”;take over“接管;接受”;turn over“翻转”。其中比较有干扰性的是C选项,但它的主语应该是接受方。
131. (2011·莆田适应性练习,29)My wife sometimes ______ something she has long been looking for. That's why she enjoys window shopping.
A. looks up B. looks for
C. picks up D. picks out
答案:C。考查动词短语。句意:我妻子有时能廉价买到她一直想买的东西。这就是为什么她喜欢逛街的原因。pick up在此意为“花较少的钱买到”,符合句意;look up“查阅”;look for“寻找”;pick out“辨认出”。
132.(2011·漳州质检,32)The story goes that the king agrees to ________ the criminal and set him free.
A. spare B. arrest
C. interrupt D. dismiss
答案:A。考查动词。句意:故事中,国王同意赦免那个罪犯,释放了他。spare“宽容,饶恕,不伤害 ”;arrest“逮捕,吸引”;interrupt“打断”;dismiss“解散,开除”。
133.(2011·西安第三次质检,17)The computer system ________ suddenly while he was searching for information on the Internet.
A. broke down B. broke out
C. broke up D. broke in
答案:A。考查动词短语。句意:他正在网上搜寻信息突
然计算机系统瘫痪了。break down“出故障,坏掉”;break out“爆发,发生”;break up“结束,解散”;break in“打断,搅扰”。
134.(2011·厦门适应性考试,30)It's easy for some women to be ________ by products promising to help lose weight soon.
A. brought in B. brought up
C. taken on D. taken in
答案:D。考查动词短语。句意:一些女性很容易被一些承诺能很快减肥的产品欺骗。take in“欺骗”;bring in“引进,带来”;bring up“带大”;take on“呈现,承担”。
135. (2011·南平适应性考试,24)John has decided to ________ teaching in Tibet when he graduates from university to get some experience as a volunteer.
A. pick up B. set up
C. take up D. give up
答案:C。考查动词短语。句意:为了获得做志愿者的经验,约翰已经决定大学毕业后到西藏从事教学。take up“从事”符合句意;pick up“捡起,花较少的钱买到,好转”;set up“建立,设立”;give up“放弃”。
136.(2011·宜宾适应性测试,9)After hours of repeating, her patience finally ________.
A.gave out B.gave oft
C.gave up D.gave back
答案:A。考查动词短语。句意:几个小时的重复后,她的耐心最终消失了。give out“用完,耗尽”。
137.(2011·宁波模拟,3)Don't let yourself be ________ into buying things you don't really want.
A. advocated B. clarified
C. flashed D. persuaded
答案:D。考查动词。句意:不要让你自己被说服去买你根本用不到的东西。persuade“说服”符合句意。advocate“鼓吹,主张”;clarify“分类”;flash “闪现,掠过(心头)”。
138.(2011·南通三模,32)—Sorry, but I still don't quite understand that phrase.
—OK, let me make another sentence to ________ its meaning.
A. bring about B. bring up
C. bring out D. bring in
答案:C。考查动词短语。答语句意:好的,让我再造一个句子以阐明这个短语的意思。bring out“阐明,使显现”;bring about“导致”;bring up“抚养,养育”;bring in“带来,引进”。
第1章 专题7动词的时态和语态
1.(2011·全国卷,9)If you don't like the drink you ______, just leave it and try a different one.
A.ordered B.are ordering
C.will order D.had ordered
答案:A。句意:如果你不喜欢你点的饮料,就别喝了,再换一种。由情境可知饮料是刚才点的,故用一般过去时。
2.(2011·重庆卷,21)That piece of music sounds quite familiar. Who ________ the piano upstairs?
A.has played B.played
C.plays D.is playing
答案:D。本题考查动词时态。句意:这音乐听起来很熟悉。谁在楼上弹钢琴?根据语境表示有人正在弹奏钢琴,故应用现在进行时态。
3.(2011·重庆卷,31)Look at the pride on Tom's face. He ________ to have been praised by the manager just now.
A.seemed B.seems
C.had seemed D.is seeming
答案:B。本题考查动词时态。句意:看汤姆脸上自豪的表情。他好像刚刚受到经理的表扬。seem为系动词,不能用于进行时态,排除D项,前后两句的时态要一致,故此处应用现在时态,B项正确。
4.(2011·四川卷,9)All visitors to this village ________ with kindness.
A.treat B.are treated
C.are treating D.had been treated
答案:B。本题考查动词的时态。句意:所有来到这个村子的游客都受到友好的接待。首先是被动关系要体现出来,而没有具体的时间状语,表明这是这个村子的一直存在的事实,故一般现在时态最合适。
5.(2011·四川卷,19)—What a mistake!
—Yes.I ________ his doing it another way, but without success.
A.was suggesting B.will suggest
C.would suggest D.had suggested
答案:D。本题考查动词的时态。句意:——多么严重的错误!——是呀。我早就建议他换个方法,可他不听。既然错误都已经犯了,而建议的动作该是在此之前,即过去完成时态。
6.(2011·新课标卷,23)Planning so far ahead ________ no sense—so many things will have changed by next year.
A.made B.is making
C.makes D.has made
答案:C。本题考查谓语动词。句意:提前那么多时间作计划是没有意义的。到明年将会有许多事情发生变化。本句话是讲述一般情况,故谓语动词用一般现在时态。make no sense“没有意义,讲不通”。
7.(2011·新课标卷,24)I wasn't sure if he was really interested or if he ________ polite.
A.was just being B.will just be
C.had just been D.would just be
答案:A。本题考查动词时态。句意:我不能确定他是真的感兴趣还是只是出于礼貌,根据时态对应关系可知B项不对。本题表示当时正在进行的动作,故A项正确。而C项表示过去的过去,D项表示将来的动作,都不符合语境。
8.(2011·新课标卷,29)When Alice came to, she did not know how long she ________ there.
A.had been lying B.has been lying
C.was lying D.has lain
答案:A。本题考查动词时态。句意:当艾莉丝苏醒过来时,她不知道自己在这儿躺了多长时间了。因主句的谓语动词是过去时,从句要用相应的过去时态,故排除B、D两项。且此处表示她从苏醒之前一直到苏醒时,一直躺在这儿,甚至会继续躺下去,故用过去完成进行时态。
9.(2011·山东卷,31)When I got on the bus,I________I had left my wallet at home.
A. was realizing B. realized
C. have realized D. would realize
答案:B。本题考查动词时态。句意:当我上车后,我意识到我把钱包忘家里了。根据时态对应关系,此处应用一般过去时,表示“上车”和“意识到”这两个动作几乎同时发生。
10.(2011·山东卷,35)She was surprised to find the fridge empty; the children ________ everything!
A. had been eating B. had eaten
C. have eaten D. have been eating
答案:B。本题考查动词时态。句意:发现冰箱空了她很吃惊;孩子们把所有的东西都吃光了。孩子们吃光东西这一动作发生在她惊讶之前,惊讶是一般过去时态,因此“吃光”就应是“过去的过去”,即过去完成时态。而A项表示“从过去某时发生,一直发生到过去的某一点”,不合题意。
11.(2011·江苏卷,21)—I hear you________in a club. What's it like?
—Well, it's very hard work and I'm always tired, but I don't mind.
A.are working B.will work
C.were working D.will be working
答案:A。本题考查动词时态。句意:——我听说你在一家俱乐部工作。这工作怎么样?——这工作很艰苦,我总是很累,但我不介意。由语境可知,work动作近阶段内在进行,要用现在进行时,故A项正确。
12.(2011·江苏卷,22)The fact that so many people still smoke in public places________that we may need a nationwide campaign to raise awareness of the risks of smoking.
A.suggest B.suggests
C.suggested D.suggesting
答案:B。本题考查谓语动词。句意:如此多的人仍旧在公共场所吸烟的事实表明我们需要一次全国范围内的活动来提升人们对吸烟的危害的认识。分析结构可知,空白处为谓语动词,并且主语为the fact,谓语动词要用第三人称单数,故B项正确。
13.(2011·江苏卷,23)—Tommy is planning to buy a car.
—I know. By next month, he________enough for a used one.
A. saves B. saved
C. will save D. will have saved
答案:D。本题考查动词时态。句意:——Tommy正计划买车。——我知道。到下个月底,他将有足够的钱买辆二手车。由时间状语by next month可知,本句应用将来完成时,故D项正确。
14.(2011·天津卷,3)In the last few years thousands of films______all over the world.
A.have producedB.have been produced
C.are producingD.are being produced
答案:B。本题考查动词时态及语态。由时间状语in the last few years 可知空格处应用现在完成时,故排除C、D两项;films 与produce之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,故用完成时的被动形式。句意:在过去的几年里,全世界共拍摄了上千部电影。
15.(2011·天津卷,4)On her next birthday, Ann______married for twenty years.
A.is B.has been
C.will be D.will have been
答案:D。本题考查动词时态。由时间状语on her next birthday及for twenty years可知空格处应用将来完成时。句意:到她下一个生日时,安将结婚二十年了。
16.(2011·天津卷,15)I______sooner but I didn't know that they were waiting for me.
A.had come B.was coming
C.would come D.would have come
答案:D。本题考查含蓄虚拟语气。由从句内容可知空格处表示对过去情况的假设,故D项正确。句意:我会早点来的,但我不知道他们在等我。
17.(2011·辽宁卷,28)I'll go to the library as soon as I finish what I______.
A.was doing B.am doing
C.have done D.had been doing
答案:B。本题考查时态的用法。句意:我一完成我所做的事情我就去图书馆。根据语境可知,我正在做事情,故应用现在进行时态。
18.(2011·辽宁卷,34)By the time Jack returned home from England, his son______from college.
A.graduated B.has graduated
C.had been graduating D.had graduated
答案:D。本题考查动词时态的用法。句意:到杰克从英国回家时,他儿子已大学毕业了。与by the time...连用的时态为过去完成时或将来完成时。因return用了过去时态,故此处应用过去完成时态。
19.(2011·福建卷,32)Last month,the Japanese government expressed their thanks for the aid they______from China.
A.receive B.are receiving
C.have received D.had received
答案:D。本题考查动词时态。句意:上个月,日本政府表达了对他们收到的中国的援助的谢意。由语境可知,receive 动作发生在express 之前,即“过去的过去”,要用过去完成时态,故D项正确。
20. (2011·安徽卷,26)—What do you think of store shopping in the future?
—Personally, I think it will exist along with home shopping but ________.
A. will never replace B. would never replace
C. will never be replaced D. would never be replaced
答案:C。考查时态和语态。句意:——你是怎样看待未来的商店购物的?——依我个人的看法,我认为它会与居家购物并存但不会被取代。由句意看是未来不会被取代,故应用一般将来时态的被动语态。
21.(2011·安徽卷,27)The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which ________ saved for other purposes.
A. is B. are
C. was D. were
答案:D。考查时态和主谓一致。句意:工厂使用了65%的原材料,其余的节约下来有其他用途。the rest of which引导定语从句,修饰先行词the raw materials,故定语从句的谓语动词应用复数;由主句的谓语动词的时态知应用过去时态。
22.(2011·安徽,32)—I didn't ask for the name list. Why ________on my desk?
—I put it there just now in case you needed it.
A. does it landB. has it landed
C. will it landD. had it landed
答案:B。考查时态。句意:——我没有要名单,为什么我的桌子上会有一份?——我刚才放到那儿的,万一你会用到。由句意知应是强调“有人把名单放到我的桌子上”这一结果,所以应用现在完成时态。
23.(2011·北京卷,21)Experiments of this kind ________ in both the U.S. and Europe well before the Second World War.
A. have conducted B. have been conducted
C. had conducted D. had been conducted
答案:D。本题考查动词的时态和语态。句意:在二战前这种试验在美国和欧洲都实施得很好。二战本身是一个过去的时间,故“在二战前”应该用过去完成时态,排除A、B两项;“试验”与“实施”之间是被动关系,故用被动语态。
24.(2011·北京卷,23)Tom ________ in the library every night over the last three months.
A. works B. worked 21世纪教育网
C. has been working D. had been working
答案:C。本题考查动词的时态。句意:在过去的三个月里汤姆每天晚上都在图书馆工作。时间状语over the past/last three months常与现在完成时态连用。
25. (2011·北京卷,32)—Bob has gone to California.
—Oh, can you tell me when he ________?
A. has left B. left
C. is leaving D. would leave
答案:B。本题考查动词的时态。句意:——鲍勃去了加利福尼亚。——哦,你能告诉我他什么时候离开的吗?根据句意,鲍勃已经去了加利福尼亚,那么他离开应该发生在过去,故用一般过去时态。
26.(2011·湖南卷,22)—John, What ________ in your hand?
—Look! It's a birthday gift for my grandma.
A.had you held B.are you holding
C.do you hold D.will you hold
答案:B。本题考查动词时态的用法。句意:——约翰,你手里拿着什么东西?——看!是给我祖母的生日礼物。由句意及答语中的Look!可知此处表示动作正在进行。
27.(2011·湖南卷,27) In 1942, Columbus________ on one of the Bahama Islands, but he mistook it for an island of India.21世纪教育网
A.lands B.landed
C.has landed D.had landed
答案:B。本题考查动词时态的用法。句意:1942年,哥伦布登上巴哈马群岛中的某个岛屿,但是却把它误当做是印度一座沿海岛屿。由句中的时间状语in 1942可知谓语动词应用一般过去时。
28.(2011·湖南卷,30)It is the most instructive lecture that I ________ since I came to this school.
A.attended B.had attended
C.am attending D.have attended
答案:D。本题考查时态的运用。句意:这是自从我来到这个学校以来所听过的最有教育意义的讲座。since表示“自从……以来” 后接时间状语从句,要求主句的谓语用现在完成时,从句的谓语用一般过去时。 故本题的正确答案为D。
29.(2011·湖南卷,34)In the near future, more advances in the robot technology ________ by scientists.
A.are making B.are made
C.will make D.will be made
答案:D。本题考查时态和语态。句意:在不远的将来,科学家们将会在机器人技术上作出更大的进步。由句中的时间状语in the near future可知应用一般将来时,make advances“取得进步”,advances作主语,故用被动语态。
30.(2011·陕西卷,12)His first novel________good reviews since it came out last month.
A.receives B.is receiving
C.will receive D.has received
答案:D。考查时态。句意:他的第一部小说自从上月出版以来就得到了好评。含有since时间状语的句子中,主句用现在完成时。
31.(2010·全国卷Ⅰ)—Have you finished reading Jane Eyre?
—No,I ______ my homework all day yesterday.
A.was doing B.would do
C.had done D.do
答案:A。考查谓语动词的时态。根据时间状语all day yesterday可知“昨天我一整天都在写作业”。表示在过去某个时间段正在进行的动作,应用过去进行时,因此答案为A。
32.(2010·全国卷Ⅰ)When you are home,give a call to let me know you ______ safely.
A.are arriving B.have arrived
C.had arrived D.will arrive
答案:B。考查谓语动词的时态。句意:当你到家时,给我打个电话,好让我知道你平安抵达。由when you are home可知宾语从句中应用现在完成时表示已经发生的动作,因此答案为B。
33.(2010·全国卷Ⅰ)The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune ______.
A.is made B.would make
C.was to be made D.had made
答案:C。考查谓语动词的时态和语态。句意:(他们)在澳大利亚发现了金子,这使成千上万的人相信他们就要发财了。主句的谓语动词为一般过去时,因此believe后的宾语从句中谓语动词用过去将来时表示过去即将发生的动作,短语make a fortune意为”赚大钱”,结合句意,此处应用被动语态,因此答案为C。
34. (2010·全国卷Ⅱ)Barbara is easy to recognize as she's the only one of the women who ______ evening dress.
A.wear B.wears
C.has worn D.have worn
答案:B。考查时态和主谓一致。who引导的定语从句所修饰的先行词one前有the only限制,所以从句用单数谓语动词,再结合本句句意可知用一般现在时。
35. (2010·全国卷Ⅱ)Linda,make sure the tables ______ before the guests arrive.
A.be set B.set
C.are set D.are setting
答案:C。考查时态和语态。在make sure后的宾语从句中,谓语动词通常用一般现在时,且the tables与set之间是动宾关系。故选C。
36. (2010·全国卷Ⅱ)Excuse me.I ______ I was blocking your way.
A.didn't realize B.don't realize
C.haven't realized D.wasn't realizing
答案:A。考查时态。根据第二句后半部分的内容可知叙述的是过去的情况,此处表示的是说话之前没有意识到挡住了对方的路,所以用一般过去时。
37.(2010·重庆卷)The book has been translated into thirty languages since it ______ on the market in 1971.
A.had come B.has come
C.came D.comes
答案:C。考查时态。since所引导的从句通常用一般过去时。
38.(2010·重庆卷)The palace caught fire three times in the last century,and little of the original building ______ now.
A.remains B.is remained
C.is remaining D.has been remained
答案:A。考查动词。remain是不及物动词,故没有被动语态,排除B、D两项,表示“存在”意义的状态性动词一般不用于进行时,所以此处用一般现在时。
39.(2010·重庆卷)—Why do you want to work for our company?
—This is the job that I ______ for.
A.looked B.am to look
C.had looked D.have been looking
答案:D。考查时态。现在完成进行时表示动作从过去开始,一直持续到现在,更强调动作的延续性。
40.(2010·江西卷)Mother wanted to be a good provider,a role she ______ since her marriage to Father.
A.shoulders B.shouldered
C.is shouldering D.has been shouldering
答案:D。考查时态。句意:母亲想成为一名好的供养人——一个自她嫁给父亲以来一直在担任的角色。因为有since而且是动作的延续,所以用现在完成进行时,即she has been shouldering作定语,修饰a role。
41.(2010·辽宁卷)Joseph ______ to evening classes since last month,but he still can’t say“What’s your name?”in Russian.
A.has been going B.went
C.goes D.has gone
答案:A。考查动词的时态。句意:从上个月开始,Joseph一直在上夜校学俄语,但是他仍没有学会用俄语说“你叫什么名字?”。根据句意,表示自从过去到现在一直发生的事情且有可能持续下去,应用现在完成进行时,故选A项。
42.(2010·辽宁卷)I ______ all the cooking for my family,but recently I've been too busy to do it.
A.will do B.do
C.am doing D.had done
答案:B。考查动词的时态。根据句意可知:通常由我来为家人做饭,但是因为最近很忙,所以我没有时间做。第一句是陈述的事实,因此应该用一般现在时。
43. (2010·安徽卷)Bob would have helped us yesterday,but he______.
A.was busy B.is busy
C.had been busy D.will be busy
答案:A。考查时态。would have done表示本来要做某事,可是实际上并没有做,是对过去事情的虚拟,所以这里用一般过去时。
44. (2010·安徽卷)—Were you surprised by the ending of the film?
—No.I______the book,so I already knew the story.
A.was reading B.had read
C.am reading D.have read
答案:B。考查时态。问句用的是一般过去时,答句的意思是在此之前已经读过了这本书,所以用过去完成时。
45. (2010·安徽卷)—We’ve spent too much money recently.
—Well,it isn’t surprising.Our friends and relatives______ around all the time.
A.are coming B.had come
C.were coming D.have been coming
答案:D。考查时态。此处表示的是从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态,表示的是动作的延续,故用现在完成进行时。
46.(2010·湖南卷)This coastal area ______ a national wildlife reserve last year.
A.was named B.named
C.is named D.names
答案:A。考查时态和语态。根据时间状语last year可知此处应用一般过去时。主语this coastal area和name之间存在动宾关系,故用被动语态形式。句意:这个海滨地区去年被命名为国家野生动物保护区。
47.(2010·湖南卷)I was just going to cut my rose bushes but someone ______ it.Was it you?
A.has done B.had done
C.would do D.will do
答案:B。考查时态。do的动作发生在was just going to cut my rose bushes之前,即“过去的过去”,故用过去完成时。句意:我刚刚打算要修剪玫瑰花丛,但有人已做了。是你吗?
48.(2010·湖南卷)I walked slowly through the market,where people ______ all kinds of fruits and vegetables.I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed.
A.sell B.were selling
C.had sold D.have sold
答案:B。考查时态。表示过去某个时候正在发生的动作应用过去进行时。句意:我慢慢地在市场里逛,那里人们正在卖各种各样的水果和蔬菜。我仔细察看了一下价格,买了我需要的东西。
49.(2010·湖南卷)I'm tired out.I ______ all afternoon and I don't seem to have finished anything.
A.shopped B.have shopped
C.had shopped D.have been shopping
答案:D。考查时态。此处用现在完成进行时,强调动作的延续性。句意:我很疲劳了。我整个下午一直在购物,好像还没有购完。
50.(2010·天津卷)We ______ on this project for four hours.Let's have a rest.
A.are working B.have been working
C.worked D.had worked
答案:B。考查动词时态。后面的Let’s have a rest说明到现在为止我们一直在工作,应用现在完成进行时表示持续进行的动作。
51.(2010·天津卷)Traditional folk arts of Tianjin like paper cutting ______ at the culture show of the 2010 Shanghai World Expo.
A.are exhibiting B.is exhibiting
C.are being exhibited D.is being exhibited
答案:C。考查主谓一致和语态。句意:像剪纸这些天津的传统民间艺术品正在2010年上海世博会文化展示区展出。like paper cutting是介词短语,句子的主语是traditional folk arts of Tianjin,表复数意义。上海世博会正在进行,传统民间艺术品是被展出,故应用现在进行时的被动语态。
52.(2010·北京卷)In the spoken English of some areas in the US,the“r”sounds at the end of the words ______.
A.are dropped B.drop21世纪教育网
C.are being dropped D.have dropped
答案:A。考查动词的时态和语态。句意:在美国一些地方的口语中,“r”这个音在单词结尾被省略了。动词drop与句子主语是逻辑上的动宾关系,所以用被动语态,由此可以排除B、D两项。另外,这里描述一种现象,因此用一般现在时。
53.(2010·北京卷)—I'm not finished with my dinner yet.
—But our friends ______ for us.
A.will wait B.wait
C.have waited D.are waiting
答案:D。考查动词的时态。根据题干内容可知,这里表示的是此时此刻正在进行的动作,即“我们的朋友们正在等着我们”,因此用现在进行时。
54.(2010·北京卷)—I'm sorry,but I don't quite follow you.Did you say you wanted to return on September 20?
—Sorry,I ______ myself clear.We want to return on October 20.
A.hadn't made B.wouldn't make
C.don't make D.haven't made
答案:D。考查动词的时态。根据题干内容可知,答话者是说自己没有把话说清楚从而导致“对方误解”,即这一动作对现在造成了影响,所以用现在完成时。
55.(2010·北京卷)It took me a long time before I was able to fully appreciate what they ______ for me.
A.had done B.did
C.would do D.were doing
答案:A。考查动词的时态。根据题干内容可知,do这个动作发生在句中took这个过去动作之前,即是“过去的过去”,因此用过去完成时。
56.(2010·山东卷)Up to now,the program ______ thousands of children who would otherwise have died.
A.would save B.saves
C.had saved D.has saved
答案:D。考查动词的时态。由句中的时间状语up to now“到目前为止”可知,应用现在完成时。
57. (2010·福建卷)Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money-making jobs they ______ before leaving their hometowns.
A.promised B.were promised
C.have promised D.have been promised
答案:D。考查时态和语态。句意:每年都有大批农民到深圳打工赚钱,在离开家乡之前他们已被承诺可以获得这些工作机会。本句中含有定语从句,修饰jobs, promise sb. sth.“答应某人某事”,此处应用被动语态,并且动作发生在主句中的动作发生之前,应选D项。[来源:21世纪教育网]
58. (2010·福建卷)—Guess what,we've got our visas for a short-term visit to the UK this summer.
—How nice!You ______ a different culture then.
A.will be experiencing B.have experienced
C.have been experiencing D.will have experienced
答案:A。考查时态。句意:——你猜怎么了,我们获得了这个夏天到英国短期旅游的签证。——太好了,那你到时就可以体验一种不同的文化了。显然应用将来时,而且是将来一段时间内的动作,不侧重完成,故答案为A。
59.(2010·四川卷)—When shall we restart our business?
—Not until we______our plan.
A.will finish B.are finishing
C.are to finish D.have finished
答案:D。考查动词时态。在时间状语从句中,当表示将来完成的意义时,用现在完成时代替将来完成时。
60.(2010·四川卷)You’ve failed to do what you ______ to and I’m afraid the teacher will blame you.
A.will expect B.will be expected
C.expected D.were expected
答案:D。考查时态和语态。由句意“你没有达到期望”可知,宾语从句中用一般过去时;从句中的主语you是动词expect的承受者,故谓语动词用一般过去时的被动语态。
61.(2010·陕西卷)I have to see the doctor because I ______ a lot lately.
A.have been coughing B.had coughed
C.coughed D.cough
答案:A。考查时态。句意:我得去看医生,因为我最近一直咳嗽得很厉害。lately表示“最近”,与现在完成时或现在完成进行时连用,因此答案选A,此处表示在说话之前一直持续的动作。
62.(2010·陕西卷)It is reported that many a new house ______ at present in the disaster area.
A.are being built B.were being built
C.was being built D.is being built
答案:D。考查时态和主谓一致。从时间状语at present可判断出用现在进行时,“many a+单数可数名词”虽然表示复数意思,但要用单数谓语。
63.(2010·江苏卷)—Why,Jack,you look so tired!
—Well,I______the house and I must finish the work tomorrow.
A.was painting B.will be painting
C.have painted D.have been painting
答案:D。考查动词的时态。答话人叙述的是现在的事实,再结合答语中的时间状语可知答话人从过去到现在一直在粉刷房子,而且还要持续下去,所以用现在完成进行时。
64.(2010·江苏卷)—Peter,where did you guys go for the summer vacation?
—We______busy with our work for months,so we went to the beach to relax ourselves.
A.were B.have been
C.had been D.will be
答案:C。考查动词的时态。结合问句中的时态以及答语后半句中的时态可知答语前半句表示的是过去的过去,所以用过去完成时。
65.(2010·江苏卷)—Is everyone here?
—Not yet ... Look,there______the rest of our guests!
A.come B.comes
C.is coming D.are coming
答案:A。考查动词的时态和主谓一致。空处所在句子为倒装句,the rest of our guests作主语,谓语动词要用复数形式;此处叙述的又是现在的事实,所以用一般现在时。come用于进行时通常用来表示按照计划或安排将要发生的动作,因此D项不恰当。
66.(2010·浙江卷)If you plant watermelon seeds in the spring,you______fresh watermelon in the fall.
A.eat B.would eat
C.have eaten D.will be eating
答案:D。考查动词的时态。从if条件句中谓语动词的时态可以知道,主句应该用现在将来时态,故排除A、B和C项。D项是将来进行时态,强调“将来某个时刻正在进行的动作”,符合句意和语法。
67.(2010·浙江卷)For many years,people______electric cars.However,making them has been more difficult than predicted.
A.had dreamed of B.have dreamed of
C.dreamed of D.dream of
答案:B。考查动词的时态。从for many years可知,此处谓语动词用完成时态,排除C项和D项;又因后一句用的是现在时态,故排除A项。据此答案应该选B项“现在完成时态”。
68. (2009·山东卷)I was out of town at the time, so I don't know exactly how it ______.
A. was happening B. happened
C. happens D. has happened
答案:B。考查时态。后一句隐藏的时间状语是at the time。句意:那时我不在城里,因此不清楚那是怎么发生的。
69. (2009·江苏卷)—Ann is in hospital.
—Oh, really? I ______ know. I ______ go and visit her.
A. didn't; am going to B. don't; would
C. don't; will D. didn't; will
答案:D。考查交际用语中的动词时态。根据语境知,答话人原来并不知道Ann住院这一事实,故第一空要用一般过去时,排除选项B和C;be going to谈及打算或事先决定要做的事情;will表示说话时临时做出的决定,故D项正确。
70. (2009·江苏卷)—Hi, Terry, can I use your computer for a while this afternoon?
—Sorry. ______.
A. It's repaired B. It has been repaired
C. It's being repaired D. It had been repaired
答案:C。考查动词时态和语态。根据答语中sorry可知,电脑正在修理当中,故C项正确。
71. (2009·全国卷)His sister left home in 1998, and ______ since.
A. had not been heard of B. has not been heard of
C. had not heard of D. has not heard of
答案:B。考查动词的时态和语态。句意:他妹妹一九九八年离开了家,从那以后没听到她的消息。主语his sister与谓语动词hear of之间是被动关系,排除选项C和D;根据时间状语since知B项正确。
72. (2009·全国卷)Edward, you play so well. But I ______ you played the piano.
A. didn't know B. hadn't known
C. don't know D. haven't known
答案:A。考查动词时态。此类试题关键是把握语境。句意:Edward,你钢琴弹得这么好,但我原来并不知道。故A项正确。
73. (2009·福建卷)—Why does the lake smell terrible?
—Because large quantities of water ______.
A. have polluted B. is being polluted
C. has been polluted D. have been polluted
答案:D。考查动词时态、语态和主谓语一致。根据前一分句可知所填动词表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响,时态用现在完成时,动词与主语是被动关系,用被动语态。主语是large quantities of water,其中心词是quantities,是复数,谓语动词用复数。答句的意思是“因为大量的水被污染了”。
74. (2009·福建卷)According to the literary review, Shakespeare ______ his characters live through their language in his plays.
A. will make B. had made
C. was making D. makes
答案:D。考查动词时态。题干是陈述一个客观事实,用一般现在时,选D。
75. (2009·湖南卷)When he ______ the door, he found his keys were nowhere.
A. would open B. opened
C. had opened D. was to open
答案:D。考查时态和语态。发现钥匙不见应当发生在开门之前,所以要用过去将来时态,本句采用的是be to do结构。
76. (2009·浙江卷)Over the past decades, sea ice ______ in the Arctic as a result of global warming.
A. had decreased B. decreased
C. has been decreasing D. is decreasing
答案:C。时态考查。由over the past decades判断,时态应为现在完成时。另外,全球变暖并未停止,冰山融化仍在进行,所以要使用现在完成进行时。
77. (2009·北京卷)Scientists have many theories about how the universe ______ into being.
A. came B. was coming
C. had come D. would come
答案:A。本题考查学生对错综时间的从句中时态判断的准确性。虽然本句主句为一般现在时态,但从句中涉及的“宇宙的形成”这一动作毫无疑问是在过去已经发生过的动作,故从句中的时态应为过去式。
78. (2009·北京卷)John was given the same suitcase his father and grandfather ______ with them to school.
A. took B. had taken
C. were taking D. would take
答案:B。本题考查时态的用法。主句动作为过去时态,而从句的动作“他父亲和他爷爷上学时携带”肯定在主句动作之前发生,为过去的过去,故应选择过去完成时。
79. (2009·湖南卷)Would you please keep silent? The weather report ______ and I want to listen.
A. is broadcast B. is being broadcast [来源:21世纪教育网]
C. has been broadcast D. had been broadcast
答案:B。本题考查的是时态和语态。根据前一句的提示,要求对方保持沉默是因为天气预报“正在播报”,而对方说话影响了倾听,所以本句要采用现在进行时的被动语态。
80. (2009·湖南卷)—The food here is nice enough.
—My friend ______ me a right place.
A. introduces B. introduced
C. had introduced D. was introducing
答案:B。考查时态。说话者现在正在就餐,那么朋友介绍这家餐馆显然是过去的动作,因此要使用一般过去时态。
81. (2009·江西卷)—What is the price of petrol these days?
—Oh, it ______ sharply since last month.
A. is raised B. has risen
C. has arisen D. is increased
答案:B。本题意为“汽油价格从上月起暴涨”,物价的涨跌受市场的影响,这属于自然调节,与人为因素的关系不大,故应选择动词rise。
82. (2009·江西卷)—Do you want a lift home?
—It's very kind of you, but I have to work late in the office. I overslept this morning because my alarm clock ______.
A. doesn't go off B. won't go off
C. wasn't going off D. didn't go off
答案:D。由题意知此人迟到原因是他的闹钟没响。这是两个人的对话,因此闹钟没响,应是过去的事情,用一般过去时。
83. (2009·陕西卷)This is the first time we ______ a film in the cinema together as a family.
A. see B. had seen
C. saw D. have seen
答案:D。考查动词时态。the+序数词+time引导的时间状语从句中动词时态用完成时,有参照动词is可知此处用现在完成时,选D。21世纪教育网
84.(2011·海淀市第二学期期末,22)My father ________ away for two months. I want to do something special for him when he comes back next week.
A.will be B.has been
C.was D.had been
答案:B。句意:我父亲已经外出两个月了。我想在他下周回来时为他做点特殊的事情。考查时态。由第二句中的“下周回来”可知语境为“到现在已经外出两个月了”,故用现在完成时。
85.(2011·海淀第二学期期末,25)—How was the journey?
—Tiring! I caught the train at the last second but all the seats ________. I stood all the way.
A.had been occupied B.had occupied
C.would occupy D.would be occupied
答案:A。句意:——这次旅行如何?——令人疲惫!我在最后时刻赶上了火车,但没有座位,我一路上都站着。考查时态。由语境可知赶上火车是过去发生的事,上车时就已经没有空位,即座位被占完是“上车之前”的事,故用过去完成时。
86.(2011·海淀第二学期期末,27)We'd better take umbrellas—I'm sure it ________ when we arrive in London; it's always wet there at this time of year.
A.will rain B.is raining
C.will be raining D.would rain
答案:C。句意:我们最好带上雨伞——我肯定当我们到达伦敦的时候天正在下雨;每年的这个时候那里总在下雨。考查时态。语境表明指的是“将来某个特定时间正在发生的事”,故需用将来进行时,选C。易错选A。忽略语境中的“当我们到达伦敦的时候”这一特定的未来时间点正在发生的事而误选一般将来时。
87.(2011·海淀期中,22)Mr. Smith ________ these days. I think he should take a holiday before he burns out.
A.has been overworkingB.overworked
C.had overworkedD.was overworking
答案:A。句意:Smith先生这段日子一直过度工作,我认为他应该在筋疲力尽之前度假休息一下。burn out“耗尽,筋疲力尽”。考查时态。由时间状语these days可知需用现在完成时的某种形式,A项的现在完成进行时强调从过去到现在的一段时间一直处于某种状态,符合语境,故为答案。
88.(2011·海淀期中,26)Who does that shop assistant think he is? He behaves as if he ________the grocery.
A.own B.owned
C.will own D.has owned
答案:B。句意:那位店员认为自己是谁?他的举止显得他好像是这个杂货店的主人。考查as if引导的方式状语从句的虚拟语气。语境表明是说话人对“现在”情况的虚拟,故需用动词的过去式,选B。
89.(2011·海淀期中,31)—Hi, Bob, I can't find my electric shaver!
—Sorry, I ________ it and I guess I put it on the top shelf with my things.
A.used B.had used
C.am using D.was using
答案:A。句意:——嗨,Bob,我找不到我的电动剃须刀了!——对不起,我用过,我想我当时把它和我的东西一起放在最上边的搁板上了。考查时态。语境表明说的是“过去的事”,故用一般过去时。
90.(2011·东城练习二,22)You look frozen. Sit down by the fire and I ________ you some hot tea.
A.make B.was making
C.made D.will make
答案:D。句意:你看起来很冷。来坐在火边,我给你沏热茶。考查时态。因为沏茶动作还没发生,故用一般将来时。易错选C。误认为沏茶动作发生在过去,但从句意看,沏茶动作是临时做出的决定,故用will表将来。也可由句式“祈使句+and sb. will...”推知。
91.(2011·东城练习二,24)Although it ________ in the desert most of the year, people still live there.
A.doesn't rain B.didn't rain
C.hasn't rained D.hadn't rained
答案:A。句意:虽然一年中沙漠地区很少下雨,但那儿仍然有人生活。考查时态。由句中的live可知,此句表达现在生活中所存在的一种现象,故用一般现在时。
92.(2011·东城练习二,26)Mr. Chapman retired at 70 after he ________ nearly 40 years with the Gas Company.
A.had spent B.has spent
C.spends D.would spend
答案:A。句意:Chapman先生在天然气公司工作了近40年后,在70岁时退休了。考查时态。因为retire用的是一般过去时而spend发生在retired之前,故动词spend应该用过去完成时形式。
93.(2011·东城练习二,27)—Alice, why aren't you at work today?
—I ________ a day off.
A.have given B.have been given
C.gave D.was given
答案:B。句意:——Alice,为什么你今天没上班?——我放了一天假。考查时态和语态。主语I和give之间为被动关系,又因为现在正在度假,所以强调give对现在有影响,故用现在完成时。
94.(2011·西城二模,22)If you'd written earlier, I'd have known when you ________ to go on holiday.
A.want B.have wanted
C.wanted D.will want
答案:C。句意:如果你之前早一点写信,我就会知道你要什么时候度假。考查时态。语境中使用了对过去情况的虚拟形式,不论是条件状语从句还是主句都表示对过去的虚拟,即所指的时间是“过去”,故时间状语从句用一般过去时与之相呼应。选C。易错选项为D。没有意识到主、从句是虚拟语气,所指的时间是过去,认为是指将来而误选一般将来时。
95.(2011·西城二模,25)If we use the new recycling method, a large number of trees ________.
A.are saved B.will save
C.will be saved D.have saved
答案:C。句意:如果我们使用这种新的再循环(再生)方法,将会节省大量的树木。考查时态和语态。语境表明说的是将来的情况,故选C。也可由if从句用一般现在时表一般将来时可知,主句应用一般将来时。
96.(2011·西城二模,29)—The battery in my cell phone is running low.
—I ________ that last night before we went to bed.
A.was noticing B.have noticed
C.would notice D.had noticed
答案:D。句意:——我手机中的电池快用完了。——我们昨晚休息之前我就已经留意到了。run low“快用完了”。考查时态。before we went to bed表明notice的动作发生在“过去之前”,故用过去完成时。选D。
97.(2011·天津十二区县联考一,15)Last week I took part in the civil service Admission Examination, for which I ______ for nearly three months.
A.had prepared B.would prepare
C.was preparing D.have been preparing
答案:A。句意:上周我参加了公务员考试,我为之准备了近三个月的时间。考查动词时态。从语境可知准备考试的事是发生在上周参加考试之前,即“过去的过去”,故用过去完成时。故选A。
98.(2011·重庆二诊,22)—I would like to buy some comic books.
—I can't believe that you ________ those kinds of books at this age!
A.like B.liked
C.are liking D.would like
答案:A。句意:——我想买一些连环画册。——我难以相信你这个年龄还喜欢那类书!考查时态。语境表明,说的是现在或现阶段所处的状态或经常性的情况,故用一般现在时,选A。
99.(2011·重庆二诊,29)—Oh, what a smoke!
—Yeah, Tom ________ here for a while and he smoked.
A.is B.was to be
C.has been D.had been
答案:C。句意:——哦,好大的烟味!——是的,Tom刚才在这里待了一会儿,他抽烟了。考查时态。由语境“现在这里这么大烟味和刚才Tom在这里抽烟了”可知,强调的是过去发生的事对现在造成的影响,故用现在完成时。
100.(2011·重庆二诊,32)After the house is built, how much ________ to decorate?
A.will it cost B.will it be cost
C.is it cost D.does it cost
答案:A。句意:房子建成以后,装修需要花多少钱?由语境可知该句实际上是“主将从现”,条件句是一般现在时表示将来,主句为一般将来时,故选A。易错选B。没有意识到cost“使付出(代价),使丧失(某事物)”和其主语之间为主动关系,认为“事、物作主语”谓语应该用被动形式而误选。用法示例:①Careless driving cost him his life.粗心驾驶使他丧失了生命。②The scandal cost her career.这件丑闻毁了她的事业。
101.(2011·东北三省四市联考,32)—Mom, where is my lunch pack?
—Just where it ________.
A.has been B.had been
C.was D.be
答案:C。句意:——妈妈,我的午餐盒在哪里?——就在老地方。考查动词时态。答语是一个省略句,补充完整后为“It is just where it was.”,故用一般过去时。
102.(2011·东北三省二模,25)—Oh, God! What did you do to my report, Tom?
—Terribly sorry. My mind ________ and I will type it again for you.
A.has wandered B.had wandered
C.is wandering D.was wandering
答案:D。句意:——噢,天哪!你把我的报告弄成什么了,Tom?——很抱歉。我刚才走神了,我再给你打印一份吧。考查时态。此句暗示了一个时间状语:我刚才打印的时候。所以“走神”指的是那段时间正在进行的动作,故用过去进行时。易错选C。由后句I will type...误认为选C。但分析句意不难看出选项应该和What did you do to my report的时态一致,故应该用过去的某种时态。
103.(2011·沈阳二模,4)Please don't phone him between 1 and 3 p.m. tomorrow. He ________ a lecture then.
A.has delivered B.has been delivering
C.will be delivering D.delivers
答案:C。句意:明天下午一到三点之间请不要给他打电话,那时他将正在演讲。deliver a lecture演讲,讲课。考查时态。表示将来某个时间正在发生的事用将来进行时,故选C。
104.(2011·沈阳二模,11)I wasn't aware of this before, but recent research ________ that eating too much fat may contribute to heart disease.
A.has shown B.will show
C.was showing D.showed
答案:A。句意:我以前没有意识到这一点,但最近的研究表明吃太多的脂肪可能导致心脏病。be aware of=know“知道,意识到”;contribute to=lead to“导致,有助于”。考查时态。语境中的was和recent构成“今夕对比”的意味,故用现在完成时(表示和现在有关的事)。易错选D。忽略语境中recent research的暗示“最近的研究表明(暗示和现在有联系)”,认为说的是过去的事而误选。
105.(2011·石家庄二模,14)That was the first time she ________ alone at home during the weekends, bored to death.
A.has left B.has been left
C.had left D.had been left
答案:D。句意:那是她第一次在周末被单独留在家里,她烦得要死。 考查时态和语态。That/It was the first time...是过去完成时的典型句式,主语she和谓语动词leave之间为被动关系,故需用过去完成时的被动语态,选D。
106.(2011·太原基础知识测试,23)Yesterday morning they saw a snow-white bird sitting on the tree branch, and it ________ so beautifully.
A.had sung B.has sung
C.sings D.was singing
答案:D。句意:昨天上午他们看到一只雪白的鸟正站在树枝上鸣叫,声音悦耳动听。考查时态。语境为“昨天上午某个特定的时间点/段正在发生的事”,故用过去进行时,选D。
107.(2011·太原基础知识测试,28)Your cold is worse, Tom. Go back to bed and I ________ the school to tell your teacher you can't go.
A.ring B.will ring
C.have rung D.rang
答案:B。句意:Tom,你的感冒又加重了,上床休息去我给学校打个电话告诉你老师说你不能去上学了。考查典型句式:“祈使句+and+含一般将来时的陈述句”。如:Study hard and you will succeed one day.易错选A。不熟悉这一近几年的热点考查句式而误选。其中的and可用and then替代或用or/or else/otherwise等连接表示不同的意义。
108.(2011·河南示范高中适应性测试,21)—Tony, where are the cookies? Don't tell me you ________ them all! Again!
—Yes, I did. I couldn't help it. They were so good.
A.had eaten B.ate
C.are eating D.have eaten
答案:B。句意:——Tony,那些小甜饼在哪儿?不要告诉我你又都吃光了!——是的,我吃光了。我忍不住,它们太好吃了。考查时态。由答句中的I did. I couldn't_help it. They were so good.可知语境强调的是过去的事,故用一般过去时。选B。
109.(2011·河南示范高中适应性测试,28)Maybe it was because he ________ to the radio, but he didn't notice the dark object in the road until it was too late.
A.was listening B.listened
C.had listened D.would listen
答案:A。句意:或许是因为当时他正在听收音机,等他注意到路上那个黑色的物体时已经太晚了。考查时态。语境表明“当时正在……”,故需用过去进行时。
110.(2011·河南示范高中适应性测试,32)Before they ________ anything, children see the world with fresh eyes. Their reponses are honest and imaginative.
A.teach B.taught
C.are teaching D.are taught
答案:D。句意:在孩子们被教授任何东西以前,他们是用新鲜的目光看这个世界的,他们的反应是诚实和富有想象力的。考查动词的时态和语态。从句子结构分析,before引导一个时间状语从句,主语they和谓语teach之间为被动关系,且陈述的是一个客观情况,需用一般现在时,故选D。
111.(2011·济南4月模拟,33)Shirley still remembers the excitement when she ________ for a trip to Australia.
A.chooses B.has been chosen
C.chose D.was chosen
答案:D。句意:Shirley依然记得她被选中去澳洲旅行的那个激动人心的时刻。考查时态和语态。语境表明“她被选中去澳洲旅行”是过去的事,主语she和动词choose之间为被动关系,故应用一般过去时的被动语态,故选D。
112.(2011·济南4月模拟,27)—Have you broken the news to Jim?
—Oh, no. I forgot. I ________ him now.
A.will call B.am calling
C.call D.called
答案:A。句意:——你已经把这个消息告诉Jim了吗?——哦,还没有,我忘了。我现在就给他打电话。考查时态。表示说话时临时做出的决定用“will+动词原形”,故选A。易错选B。受句中now影响而误用现在进行时或没有意识到语境是“说话时临时做出的决定”。
113.(2011·济南一模,24)—Have you seen Jack recently?
—No. He ________ for another company now.
A.is working B.had worked
C.worked D.was working
答案:A。句意:——你最近见到Jack没有?——没有。他现在正在另外一家公司上班。考查时态。语境强调目前暂时所处的状态,故用现在进行时。选A。
114.(2011·济南一模,32)—Thank you for your coffee.
—But you ________ it.
A.didn't drink B.aren't drinking
C.don't drink D.hadn't drunk
答案:A。句意:——谢谢你的咖啡。——但是你根本就没喝。考查时态。题干中的but暗示了答案。语境说的是“过去”即说话之前,故用一般过去时,选A。
115.(2011·江南十校二模,27)—Do you want me to pick you up at the airport tomorrow?
—No, thanks. My parents ________ me then.
A.will have met B.will be meeting
C.have met D.were meeting
答案:B。句意:——你想让我明天到机场接你吗?——不用了,谢谢。我父母到时候会到机场接我。考查时态。表示将来某个不确定的时间点或时间段正在发生的事情,用将来进行时,故选B。
116.(2011·江南十校联考,23)—Sir. I'm here.21世纪教育网
—Please listen. I ________ asking your parents to come to our school, but I'd like to hear your opinion first.
A.have considered B.am going to consider
C.considered D.have been considering
答案:D。句意:——老师,我来了。——请听着,我一直在考虑请你家长来我们学校,但是我还是想先听一下你的意见。在交际情景中考查动词的时态。语境强调的是“自过去某个时候一直到现在……”,故选D。have been considering为现在完成进行时,表示动作的持续性、延续性和未完成性。
117.(2011·皖南八校第三次联考,32)—I feel really worn out.
—No wonder. You ________ all the way from Shanghai to Beijing.
A.drive B.have been driving
C.are driving D.drove
答案:B。句意:——我觉得我已经筋疲力尽了。——不足为奇,你从上海到北京一路开车过来。考查时态。由语境可知此处强调“从过去的某个时候到现在一直在做某事”故用现在完成进行时,选B。
118.(2011·合肥第三次质检,23)Hello, you ________2651379. But I'm sorry, right now I'm unable to answer your questions.
A.reached B.were reaching
C.have reached D.had reached
答案:C。句意:你好,你已经接通了2651379。但是很抱歉,我现在不能回答你的问题。考查动词时态。由后句句意可知,接电话的人已经听到了打电话的人的话,所以强调完成。又因为后句是一般现在时,故排除D。
119.(2011·合肥第二次质检,22)Will you help me to look for an important file I left in my office this morning immediately you ________?
A.arrived B.arrive
C.will arrive D.would arrive
答案:B。句意:今天上午你一上班能不能帮我找一下我落在办公室的一份重要文件?考查时态。immediately(=instantly/directly=as soon as)“一……就……”,在此为连词引导时间状语从句。当主句用一般将来时表示将来,时间状语从句用一般现在时表示将来,即“主将从现”,故选B。易错选C。没有意识到immediately引导的是时间状语从句或忽略“主将从现”原则而误选。
120.(2011·苏锡常镇一调,23)Jeremy, who ________ on his food, looked up at the mention of the word cash.21世纪教育网
A.has been concentratingB.has concentrated
C.had been concentratingD.had concentrated
答案:C。句意:Jeremy集中精力吃完饭以后,抬头看了看那个提示词cash。考查时态。由句中的looked 可知应该用过去的某种时态,故排除A、B;由句意可知,Jeremy在抬头看单词cash之前,一直在集中精力吃东西,故应用过去完成进行时。
121.(2011·南京二模,23)—I'm here almost half an hour. How come it ________ you so long?21世纪教育网
—Sorry, honey! I had to drive two blocks before I spotted a place to park the car.
A.takes B.took
C.has taken D.had taken
答案:B。句意:——我到这儿快半个小时了,你怎么会用这么长时间呢?——亲爱的,对不起!我不得不开车走了两个街区才找到一个停车位。考查时态。从答句中的一般过去时可知对方问的是刚才的情况,故用一般过去时的B项。
122.(2011·南京二模,27)The black box is a necessary device on an airplane,which records its speed, direction and whether everything on the airplane ________ normally.
A.will fun_ction B.functioned
C.is functioning D.has functioned
答案:C。句意:黑匣子是飞机上的一种必要装置,它记录飞机的速度、方向以及飞机上的一切是否运转正常。考查时态。此处用一般现在时或现在进行时皆可,现在进行时是一般现在时的强调形式,强调在某个时间点或时间段一直在做某事。即使选项中出现一般现在时,现在进行时也是最佳选项。
123.(2011·杭州质检二,3)—Oh, I'm really fed up with Jim. He's always causing me trouble.
—I ________ you to keep away from him! But you wouldn't listen.
A.told B.tell
C.have told D.would tell
答案:A。句意:——哦,我真的很讨厌Jim,他总是给我惹麻烦。——我早就对你说过离他远点,可你就是不听。be fed up with“对……感到厌烦”;keep away from“远离,回避”。考查动词时态。由语境可知是“过去曾说过”,故用一般过去时,选A。
124.(2011·杭州质检二,9)We are designing an experiment to find out whether glass ________ more easily when it is cold.
A.is broken B.will be broken
C.breaks D.will break
答案:C。句意:我们正在设计一个实验,旨在弄清低温下玻璃是不是更容易破碎。考查动词时态。此处指的是客观事实性、真理性的东西,故用一般现在时,又因为这里指的是玻璃自身的性质,需用主动语态,故选C。易错选A、D。认为动词break和主语glass之间为被动关系,没有意识到此处指的是“主语的性质”而误选A;受主句现在进行时态的影响,认为语境表示“将来的动作”而误选D。
125.(2011·湖南十二校第二次联考,24)—Will you go to Jackson's wedding this Sunday?
—I'm afraid I can't. I ________ to my mom, who is to be operated on the throat.
A.will be attending B.am attending
C.have been attending D.have attended
答案:A。句意:——这个周日你去参加Jackson的婚礼吗?——我恐怕不能去。我要去照顾我母亲,她要做一个咽喉手术。考查时态。由上下文可知此处是一个将来的动作,又因为有具体时间this Sunday,故用将来进行时表示在将来某个时间正在进行的动作。故选A。
126.(2011·湖南十二校第二次联考,30)—When and where are we going to hold the ball, Lucy?
—Oh, sorry, I have no idea. We'd better wait until we ________.
A.are informed B.have informed
C.have been informed D.inform
答案:A。句意:——我们将什么时候、并且在哪儿举行这次舞会,Lucy?——噢,很抱歉,我不知道。我们还是等通知吧。考查时态和语态。我们和通知之间存在被动关系,排除B、D;从句意看,inform发生在将来,而until引导时间状语从句,需用一般现在时代替一般将来时故选A。
127.(2011·江西九校联考,26)Miss Li ________ as a secretary for five years in the company, and now she is a general manager of it.
A.served B.has served
C.had served D.serves
答案:A。句意:李小姐在这家公司做了五年的秘书,现在她是这家公司的一位总经理。考查时态。从and后的now可知该并列句强调的是过去与现在情况的对比,故选A。李小姐是过去做秘书而现在是总经理。易错选B。易受句中时间段状语for five years的影响而错选现在完成时的B项,实际上持续性动词或表状态动词的一般过去时可以和时间段状语连用。如:I studied/was in that school for three years.。
128.(2011·福建质检,23)The CCTV Spring Festival Gala Evening ________ annually since 1983.
A.was run B.is running
C.had been run D.has been running
答案:D。句意:自1983年以来,中央台一年一度的春节晚会一直在举办。考查时态。由语境“从1983年一直到现在一直在举办而且还要办下去”可知需用现在完成进行时,选D。
129.(2011·西安八校联考,19)You ________ television. Why not do something more active?
A.always watch B.are always watching
C.have always watched D.have always been watching
答案:B。句意:你总是看电视,为何不做点更积极的事?考查时态。现在进行时和always连用,带有感彩,表示不满、抱怨、责备等情绪。易错选A、D。认为说的是现在的事,要用一般现在时而误选A;因不知频度副词always和现在完成进行时连用不表示或褒或贬的感彩而误选D(always用于现在/过去进行时才带感彩)。
130.(2011·乌鲁木齐二诊,27)—You ________ us for dinner tonight, Mike, aren't you?
—Oh, sorry, Helen, but I have to prepare for a Chinese test tomorrow.
A.are about to take part inB.are arriving
C.are joiningD.are to come to
答案:C。句意:——Mike,你今晚将和我们共进晚餐,是吧?——噢,对不起,Helen,我必须准备明天的汉语考试。考查将来时几种形式的区别。此处用短暂性动词的现在进行时形式表示将来,arrive和us构不成搭配,故排除B选C。A项的are about to...表示立即、马上要做某事,不符合语境,再者take part in不能和us搭配,故排除A;D项的are to come to...表示按计划安排要做的事或注定要发生的事,不符合语境,故排除。
131.(2011·昆明质检,2)—Tom has recovered and come back to school already.
—Really? I ________ he is still in hospital.
A.think B.have thought
C.am thinking D.thought
答案:D。句意:——Tom已经康复并且已返校。——真的吗?我以为他还在医院呢。考查时态。由语境可知,“是对话前(过去)以为Tom仍在医院”故用一般过去时。选D。
132. (2011·厦门适应性考试,29)Would you please keep quiet? An important announcement________.21世纪教育网
A. broadcasts B. is broadcast
C. is being broadcast D. is broadcasting
答案:C。考查时态和语态。句意:请安静一下好吗?正在广播重要的通知。由句意可知,选现在进行时的被动语态。
133. (2011·南平适应性考试,30)—Have you moved into the new apartment?
—Not yet. It ________ and won't be ready until next month.
A. is being painted B. will be painted
C. is painted D. has been painted
答案:A。考查时态。句意:——你搬进新房里了吗?——还没有。新房正在粉刷,下个月才会准备好。由句意可知,选现在进行时的被动语态,表示在目前这个阶段正在进行的动作。
134. (2011·辽宁网上诊断联考,25)Mr. Goodman promised he ________ me a hand when necessary, but he didn't.
A. would give B. had given
C. has given D. gave
答案:A。既然是promised所以只能是承诺将来将会做什么,所以选择过去将来时。
135.(2011·辽宁网上诊断联考,34)Mike ________ for his wedding for a month and he hopes everything will be ready next week.
A. has prepared B. has been preparing
C. prepared D. will prepare
答案:B。现在完成进行时的使用关键点在于某一动作一直持续到现在但明显还没有结束。从“everything will be ready next week.” 我们可以看出这一点。
136.(2011·西安第三次质检,15)I'm sorry I didn't hear what you said. I ________ the picture.
A. am looking at B. looked at
C. has looked at D. was looking at
答案:D。考查时态。句意:对不起,我没有听到你的话。我在看图片。由句意可知,选过去进行时,表示你说话时我正在看图。
137.(2011·西安第三次质检,21)Come and see me whenever ________.
A. you are convenient B. you will be convenient
C. it is convenient to you D. it will be convenient to you
答案:C。考查时态和形容词convenient的用法。whenever引导的时间状语从句应该用一般时态表将来,所以排除B、D两项;convenient的主语不能是人,所以排除A项。
138.(2011·德阳三诊,8)Amy said to her Mum that it ________ wonderful to be wearing clean clothes again.
A.was felt B.is felt
C.felt D.feels
答案:C。考查时态和语态。句意:Amy对妈妈说穿上干净的衣服感觉真好。由主句时态用了一般过去时可知,所接宾语从句要用相应的过去时态,因此排除B、D两项;再由feel在此用作系动词可知,A项错误,因为系动词没有被动语态和进行时态。
第1章 专题8情态动词与虚拟语气
1.(2011·全国卷,8)If you ________ smoke, please go outside.
A.can B.should
C.must D.may
答案:C。句意:如果你一定要吸烟,请到外面去。if you must do sth.“如果你一定要做某事”(表示虽不赞同,但允许),为习惯用语。
2.(2011·重庆卷,25)—Why didn't you come to Simon's party last night?
—I wanted to, but my mom simply ________ not let me out so late at night.
A.could B.might
C.would D.should
答案:C。本题考查情态动词。句意:——昨天晚上你为什么没有参加西蒙的聚会?——我想去,只是我妈妈不愿意让我晚上那么晚出去。would此处表示意愿,符合题意。could“可能”;might“可能,可以”;should“应当”。
3.(2011·四川卷,20)The police still haven't found the lost child,but they're doing all they ________.
A.can B.may
C.must D.should
答案:A。本题考查情态动词。句意:警察还是没有找到那个走失的孩子,但是他们在尽最大努力。can表示能力,意为:能够。all they can同 all that they can do。
4.(2011·新课标卷,32)They ________ have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.
A.will B.can
C.must D.should
答案:D。本题考查情态动词。句意:他们应当在午饭时到达,但他们的班机晚点了。should+have done表示“本该干某事而未干”;can have done表示“本能够干某事”;must have done表示“过去一定干过某事”;will have done表示“将要完成某事”。根据语境,D项正确。
5.(2011·江苏卷,34)—I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.
—How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone______it.
A. will have stolen B. might have stolen
C. should have stolen D. must have stolen
答案:B。本题考查情态动词+have done。句意:——我把手提包落火车上了,幸运的是,有人把它交给了列车人员。——能拿回包来真是不可思议。我的意思是说,有人可能会把它偷走。will have done 为将来完成时,might have done有两层含义,一表示“过去可能干过”,二表示“过去本可能干而事实上没干”;should have done本应该干某事而事实上没干,must have done过去肯定干过。由语境可知B项正确,此处为might have done的第二层含义。
6.(2011·浙江卷,11)—How's your new babysitter?
—We ________ ask for a better one. All our kids love her so much.
A.should B.might
C.mustn't D.couldn't
答案:D。考查情态动词。句意:——你家新来照看孩子的人怎么样?——我们找了一个再好不过的了。我家孩子都很喜欢她。should “应该”;might “或许”;mustn't “不可以,表示禁止”;couldn't“不可能”。“couldn't/can't+比较级”表示最高级意思,意为“再……不过了”。
7.(2011·辽宁卷,21)If you______go, at least wait until the storm is over.
A.can B.may [21世纪教育网]
C.must D.will
答案:C。本题考查情态动词。句意:如果你一定要走,至少要等到暴风雨结束。can“可能”;may“可以”;must“必须”;will“将要”。根据句意,C项正确。
8.(2011·福建卷,25)—Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now?
—I am afraid you______,in case he comes late for the meeting.
A.will B.must
C.may D.can
答案:B。本题考查情态动词的基本用法。句意:——我现在就告诉他时间安排的变化吗?——恐怕你必须告诉他,以防他开会迟到。will用作情态动词,表意愿,意为“愿意”;must“必须”,语气较强;may可以,或许;can“能,能够”。由语境可知,此处语气较强,意为“必须现在告诉他”故用must。
9.(2011·北京卷,24)—I don't really like James. Why did you invite him?
—Don't worry. He ________ come. He said he wasn't certain what his plans were.
A. must not B. need not
C. would not D. might not
答案:D。本题考查情态动词。句意:——我实在不喜欢詹姆斯。你为什么邀请他呢?——不用担心。他可能不来。他说他不确定他有什么计划。must not“禁止,不许”;need not“不必”;would可表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向,would not“过去不”;might not“可能不”。此处表示将来的动作,故用might 表委婉的推测。
10.(2011·北京卷,28)—Where are the children? The dinner's going to be completely ruined.
—I wish they ________ always late.
A. weren't B. hadn't been
C. wouldn't be D. wouldn't have been
答案:A。本题考查wish后从句虚拟语气的用法。句意:——孩子们哪里去了?晚饭快要彻底坏掉了。——要是他们不总是迟到就好了。由第一句可知对话表示的是现在的事,wish后跟宾语从句时,要用虚拟语气,表示现在的事情要用一般过去时态。
11. (2011·北京卷,30)Maybe if I ________ science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help.
A. studied B. would study
C. had studied D. was studying
答案:C。本题考查虚拟语气。句意:或许当时如果我不学文学而学自然科学的话,我会给你更多的帮助。if从句若表示不能实现的假设,要用虚拟语气;根据关键词then可知if从句表示过去的动作,故用过去完成时态。
12.(2011·湖南卷,28)—No one ________ be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball.
—Oh, you are really his big fan.
A.can B.need
C.must D.might
答案:A。本题考查情态动词在具体语境中的运用。句意:——在打篮球方面,没有人能够与姚明相比。——哦,你真是他的球迷。can“能够”;need“需要”;must“必须”;might“也许”。由句意可知A项正确。
13.(2011·陕西卷,22)I________through that bitter period without your generous help.
A. couldn't have gone B. didn't go
C. wouldn't go D. hadn't gone
答案:A。考查情态动词和虚拟语气。句意:如果没有你的慷慨帮助,我不可能度过那么艰难的时期。without your generous help相当于if it hadn't been for your generous help,所以主句用“情态动词+完成时形式”表示对过去情况的虚拟,couldn't have done sth.“本来不能做某事(而实际上做到了)”。
14.(2011·陕西卷,24)—Will you read me a story, Mummy?
—OK.You________have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.
A. might B. must
C. could D. shall
答案:D。考查情态动词。句意:——妈妈,可以给我讲个故事吗?——好的,如果你尽快上床去睡觉,你就会听到的。此处shall用于第二人称的陈述句,表示“允诺”,其他三项无此用法。
15.(2011·江西卷,23)It ________ be the postman at the door. It's only six o'clock.
A.mustn't B.can't
C.won't D.needn't
答案:B。本题考查情态动词。句意:不可能是邮递员在门口。才六点钟。mustn't禁止,不许;can't不可能;won't 将不;needn't不必。此处表示个人的主观推测,用can,can表示个人主观推测常用于疑问句和否定句。
16.(2011·江西卷,28)We ________ John's name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury.
A.will put B.will have put
C.would put D.would have put
答案:D。本题考查虚拟语气。句意:要不是因为约翰最近受伤的话,我们昨天就把他的名字写在比赛名单上了。but for his recent injury是含蓄虚拟条件句,而且句中有明确的时间状语,故主句用would have done。
17.(2010·全国卷Ⅰ)Just be patient.You ______ expect the world to change so soon.
A.can't B.needn't
C.may not D.will not
答案:A。考查情态动词辨析。句意:耐心点儿。你不能指望世界立刻发生变化。can’t“不能”;needn’t“不必”;may not“可能不”;will not“不会”。只有A符合句意。
18. (2010·全国卷Ⅱ)I'm afraid Mr.Harding ______ see you now.He's busy.
A.can't B.mustn't
C.shouldn't D.needn't
答案:A。考查情态动词。根据下一句中的内容可知Mr. Harding现在“不能”见你。can’t“不能”;mustn’t“禁止”;shouldn’t“不应该”;needn’t“不必”。21世纪教育网
19.(2010·重庆卷)You ______ park here!It's an emergency exit.
A.wouldn't B.needn't
C.couldn't D.mustn't
答案:D。考查情态动词。根据题干中的“emergency exit”可知“此处是不允许停车的”,故用mustn’t表示“禁止”。
20.(2010·江西卷)I have told you the truth.______I keep repeating it?
A.Must B.Can
C.May D.Will
答案:A。考查情态动词。句意:我已告诉你真相。一定要我再重复吗?must“必定,必须,非得”;can“可能”;may“可以”;will“愿意,将”。
21.(2010·辽宁卷)Doctors say that exercise is important for health,but it ______ be regular exercise.
A.can B.will
C.must D.may
答案:C。考查情态动词辨析。句意:医生说,锻炼对于健康很重要,但是必须是经常的锻炼。情态动词must表示”必须”,符合句意。
22. (2010·安徽卷)Jack described his father,who______a brave boy many years ago,as a strong-willed man.
A.would be B.would have been
C.must be D.must have been
答案:D。句意:杰克把他的父亲描述成一个意志坚强的人,很多年前他父亲一定是个勇敢的孩子。此处表示的是对过去事实的推测,所以用must have done结构。注意句中有一个非限制性定语从句将主句分隔开了。
23.(2010·湖南卷)You ______ buy a gift,but you can if you want to.
A.must B.mustn't
C.have to D.don't have to
答案:D。考查情态动词。句意:你不必买礼物,但如果你想买也可以。don’t have to意为“不必”,符合句意。mustn't “禁止,不允许”。
24.(2010·湖南卷)If he ______ my advice,he wouldn't have lost his job.
A.followed B.should follow 21世纪教育网
C.had followed D.would follow21世纪教育网
答案:C。考查虚拟语气。此处表示与过去的事实相反,故从句应用过去完成时。句意:如果他当初听我的劝告的话,他就不会失去工作了。
25.(2010·天津卷)Mark ______ have hurried.After driving at top speed,he arrived half an hour early.
A.needn't B.wouldn't
C.mustn't D.couldn't
答案:A。考查“情态动词+have done”的用法。needn’t have done表示“本来不必要做但已经做了”,符合语境。must have done只能用于肯定句;couldn’t have done“本不可能但已经做了某事”。
26.(2010·天津卷)—John went to the hospital alone.
—If he ______ me about it,I would have gone with him.
A.should tell B.tells
C.told D.had told
答案:D。考查虚拟语气。由此处的主句可知,这里表示与过去事实相反的假设,故条件句中应用过去完成时。
27.(2010·北京卷)—Good morning.I've got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel Department.
—Ah,good morning.You ______ be Mrs.Peters.
A.might B.must
C.would D.can
答案:B。考查情态动词。must在这里表示推测,意思是“一定”。答句句意:你一定是Peters夫人。其他几项不合句意。
28.(2010·北京卷)—The weather has been very hot and dry.
—Yes.If it had rained even a drop,things would be much better now! And my vegetables ______.
A.wouldn't die B.didn't die
C.hadn't died D.wouldn't have died
答案:D。考查虚拟语气。根据句意可知,这里表示与过去的事实相反的假设,即哪怕是下一滴雨,我的蔬菜都不会死掉。表示与过去事实相反的状况,从句谓语动词用“had done”,主句谓语动词用“would/could/should/might have done”。由此可知,D项正确。
29.(2010·山东卷)I ______ have watched that movie—it'll give me horrible dreams.
A.shouldn't B.needn't
C.couldn't D.mustn't
答案:A。考查情态动词。由下半句“让我做噩梦”可以看出,我很后悔看了那部电影,表示做了不该做的事情要用shouldn’t have done结构。句意:我本不该看这部电影的,因为它会让我做噩梦。needn’t have done表示做了没有必要做的事情;couldn’t have done表示不可能做某事;D项不存在这种用法。
30. (2010·福建卷)Teachers recommend parents ______ their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety.
A.not allow B.do not allow
C.mustn't allow D.couldn't allow
答案:A。考查虚拟语气。句意:老师建议家长为了安全起见,不要让12岁以下的孩子骑自行车上学。recommend后的宾语从句中的谓语形式应为should do结构,should可以省略。故答案为A项。
31.(2010·四川卷)—______I take the book out?
—I’m afraid not.
A.Will B.May
C.Must D.Need
答案:B。考查情态动词。 may表示征求对方的许可。句意:——我能将书带出吗?——恐怕不行。
32.(2010·陕西卷)If we ______ the other road,we might have arrived here in time for the meeting.
A.take B.had taken
C.took D.have taken21世纪教育网
答案:B。考查虚拟语气。句意:如果我们走了另外那条路的话,我们可能会及时赶到这儿来参加会议的。题干为与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,其构成是条件句用过去完成时,主句用情态动词+have done。
33.(2010·陕西卷)—May I take this book out of the reading room?
—No,you ______.You read it in here.
A.mightn't B.won't
C.needn't D.mustn't
答案:D。考查情态动词用法辨析。以may开头的问句,在肯定回答中表示给予许可,可用may或can,但在否定回答中要用mustn’t,表示禁止。
34.(2010·江苏卷)—I haven’t got the reference book yet,but I’ll have a test on the subject next month.
—Don’t worry.You______have it by Friday.
A.could B.shall
C.must D.may
答案:B。考查情态动词。此处shall用于第二人称表示说话人的许诺。
35.(2010·江苏卷)George is going to talk about the geography of his country,but I’d rather he______more on its culture.
A.focus B.focused
C.would focus D.had focused
答案:B。考查虚拟语气。would rather后的宾语从句的谓语动词用过去式,表示对现在或将来事实的虚拟。
36.(2010·浙江卷)Had I known about this computer program,a huge amount of time and energy______.
A.would have been saved B.had been saved
C.will be saved D.was saved
答案:A。考查虚拟语气。从前面Had I known about...知,此处是if条件句对过去情况的虚拟,所以主句用should/would/could/might+have done结构,故排除B、C和D项,选A项。
37.(2010·浙江卷)“You______have a wrong number,”she said.“There’s no one of that name here.”[来源:21世纪教育网]
A.need B.can
C.must D.would
答案:C。考查情态动词。从“There’s no one of that name here”可知“你一定弄错号码了”。此处表示“肯定的推测”,故用must。can常表示一种“理论上的”可能性,表推测时常用于否定句和疑问句中;need和would不表推测,所以选C项。
38. (2009·四川卷)—I don't care what people think.
—Well, you ______.
A. could B. would
C. should D. might
答案:C。考查情态动词。could“能;可以”;would“将;愿意”;should“应该”;might“可能”。根据语境知,答话人表示应该在意别人的看法,故C项正确。
39. (2009·江苏卷)He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he ______ it differently.
A. could express B. would express
C. could have expressed D. must have expressed
答案:C。考查情态动词用法。句意:他不遗憾说出自己所做的事情,但他感觉本可以用不同的方式去表达的。could have done“本能够做某事而没能做”,must have done表“想必过去肯定干过某事”。
40. (2009·全国卷)What do you mean, there are only ten tickets? There ______ be twelve.
A. should B. would
C. will D. shall
答案:A。考查情态动词用法。should“应该”;would“将;愿意”;will“将”;shall“会;将”。句意:只有十张票?你什么意思呀?应该是十二张的。故A项符合语境。
41. (2009·湖南卷)—It's the office! So you ______ know eating is not allowed here.
—Oh, sorry.
A. must B. will
C. may D. need
答案:A。考查情态动词。根据上下文,在办公室必须遵守规定,绝不允许吃东西,这里使用must强调强制性。
42. (2009·辽宁卷)The traffic is heavy these days. I ______ arrive a bit late, so could you save me a place?
A. can B. must
C. need D. might[来源:21世纪教育网]
答案:D。考查情态动词。句意:这几天交通很拥挤,我可能会到得有点晚。你能不能给我占个地方?can 表推测时常用于否定句或疑问句。 must 常指有根据的比较有把握的推测,这种用法只用于肯定句。need “需要”。might表推测时可能性比较小。
43. (2009·全国卷)I can't leave. She told me that I ______ stay here until she comes back.
A. can B. must
C. will D. may
答案:B。考查情态动词。从题目提供的语境得知,我“必须 ”呆在这里,直到他回来。can“能够”;will“将……”;may“可以”。
44. (2009·浙江卷)The doctor recommended that you ______ swim after eating a large meal.
A. wouldn't B. couldn't
C. needn't D. shouldn't
答案:D。recommend用法考查。recommend的意思是“建议,推荐”,其宾语从句要采用虚拟语气,(should) do形式。
45. (2009·重庆卷)—Hi, Tom. Any idea where Jane is?
—She ______ in the classroom . I saw her there just now.
A. shall be B. should have been
C. must be D. might have been
答案:C。情态动词表示推测的考查。因为说话人刚刚见过Jane,所以做出了有把握的肯定推测,而且是对现在情况的推测,这正是must的用法。
46. (2009·北京卷)One of the few things you ______ say about English people with certainty is that they talk a lot about the weather.
A. need B. must 21世纪教育网
C. should D. can
答案:D。本题考查情态动词的用法。本句意为“你能肯定地说的就是英国人总是谈论天气”,只有can表示可能性。
47.(2011·海淀第二学期期末,24)—Jack, ________ you behave yourself? You're no longer a kid.
—Sorry, Daddy. It won't happen again.
A.mustn't B.can't
C.should D.would
答案:B。句意:——Jack,难道你不能注意自己的行为举止吗?你已经不再是个孩子了。——对不起,爸爸,这种事情再也不会发生了。考查情态动词。can't不能,在此构成否定式问句,表示一种较强烈的语气。
48.(2011·海淀第二学期期末,31)Thank you, Jack. Without your constant support I ________ those hard times.
A.couldn't have pulled throughB.couldn't pull through
C.can't have pulled throughD.can't pull through
答案:A。句意:谢谢你, Jack,没有你不间断的支持,我就不会度过那些艰难时期。考查虚拟语气。语境表明是对过去情况的虚拟,故需用“情态动词的过去式+have+done”,选A。
49.(2011·海淀期中,27)—Will my son be all right soon, doctor?
—Well, he ________ be, if he takes these tablets.
A.may B.must
C.should D.can
答案:C。句意:——医生,我儿子是不是很快就会好?——哦,如果他吃了这些药,按理说应该会的。all right“安全的,(健康)良好的”。如:She was ill for a month, but she's all right now.她病了一个月,但现在好了。考查情态动词。should“按理说应该”,符合语境。易错选B。must“一定、肯定”,语气太过肯定,从常识可知不符合医生说话的语气。
50.(2011·东城练习二,25)He has no idea what the book is about. He ________ have read it very carefully.
A.needn't B.shouldn't
C.can't D.mustn't
答案:C。句意:他对这本书的内容一无所知,他不可能仔细读过它。考查情态动词的推测用法。can表推测常用在否定句和疑问句中,must常用在肯定句中表推测。
51.(2011·东城练习二,33)We ________ the top of the mountain but for this awful weather. It rained all day.
A.will reach B.would reach
C.have reached D.would have reached
答案:D。句意:要不是恶劣的天气我们将会爬到山顶的。雨下了一整天。考查虚拟语气。由句中的“rained”和“but for”可知是对过去的虚拟,故选D。易错选B。would reach是对现在或将来的虚拟。
52.(2011·西城二模,33)—Where on earth have they gone?
—I have no idea, but I wish I ________.
A.know B.knew
C.would know D.would have known
答案:B。句意:——他们到底(究竟)去了哪里?——我不知道,但我希望我现在知道。考查虚拟语气。此处考查wish引导的虚拟宾语从句,从句表示对现在情况的虚拟用动词的过去式,故选B。
53.(2011·西城二模,34)Lifting off at sunrise, the hot air balloon goes wherever the wind ________ blow.
A.may B.must
C.need D.should
答案:A。句意:那个热气球日出时分升空,向风可能刮的方向飞行。考查情态动词的推测性用法。may表示的只是一种客观上的可能性,符合语境。should“应该”;must “一定”;need“需要”。
54.(2011·天津十二区县联考一,10)If you want to book tickets for the 2012 Olympic Games, just call 00952012. It ________ be simpler.
A.mustn't B.won't
C.needn't D.couldn't
答案:D。句意:如果你想预订2012奥运会的票,就拨打00952012。再简单不过了。考查情态动词。couldn't be simpler “不(可)能更简单了,再简单不过了”,否定意义的词和比较级连用表最高级,符合语境。mustn't“禁止,千万不能”; won't=will not“将不会”;needn't“不必”。
55.(2011·重庆二诊,30)—Apologize! For what? He's the one who lied to us.
—Well, you ________ your temper. He is a kid after all.
A.shouldn't have lost B.couldn't have lost
C.mightn't have lost D.mustn't have lost
答案:A。句意:——道歉!为什么?他就是那个对我们说谎的人。——哦,你当时本不应该发脾气,他毕竟还是个孩子。考查情态动词的用法。语境为“你当时本不应该发脾气,但是你发脾气了”,故选A。
56.(2011·东北三省四市联考,29)—Amazing! You ______ wear slippers at work.
—Don't you know it's a fashion?
A.might B.should
C.could D.would
答案:B。句意:——真惊人!你居然工作时穿着拖鞋。——难道你不知道这是一种时尚吗?考查情态动词。should表惊讶“居然,竟然”,符合语意。
57.(2011·东北三校二模,31)—Why didn't you stop Mary cheating in the final exam?
—But what ________ otherwise? She just sticks with Alex and turns a deaf ear to my advice.
A.could I do B.must I have done
C.could I have done D.should I do
答案:C。句意:——为什么你不阻止Mary在期末考试中作弊?——但是我还能做什么呢?她只听Alex的话,对我的建议充耳不闻。考查情态动词的推测性用法。由didn't可知是对过去的推测,又因为是疑问句,所以选C。must表推测只用于肯定句,故排除B。stick with“继续倾听……的话,保持联系”。
58.(2011·沈阳二模,13)—Must I go to the gym three times a week?
—No, you ________. Twice a week is OK.
A.mustn't B.needn't
C.can't D.shouldn't
答案:B。句意:——我必须每周去体育馆三次吗?——不,不必。每周两次就行了。考查情态动词的否定式的意义和区别。needn't“不必”符合语境和逻辑。mustn't“禁止,千万不能”;can't“不能,不可能”;shouldn't“不应该”。
59.(2011·石家庄二模,16)—When ________ he know the result of today's job interview?
—In a couple of days.
A.should B.may
C.shall D.must
答案:C。句意:——他何时能知道今天面试的结果?——几天后。考查情态动词。此处shall和第三人称连用,表示征求对方意见,含有由对方做主的意味。
60.(2011·太原基础知识测试,26)The weather turned out to be fine. I ________ the trouble to carry the umbrella with me.
A.should have taken B.needn't have taken
C.mustn't have taken D.could have taken
答案:B。句意:天气居然转晴了,我本不必麻烦随身带着这把伞。考查情态动词的推测性用法。needn't have+done“本不必做某事但是做了”。
61.(2011·河南示范高中适应性测试,29)—This dish is really delicious. ________ you please say it in Chinese?
—Sure, we call it “doufu”.
A.Might B.Could
C.Shall D.May
答案:B。句意:——这道菜确实很好吃,你能用汉语说出它的名字吗?——当然可以,我们叫它“豆腐”。考查情态动词。表示请求对方,可用could,也可用shall,但是shall只能用于第一人称。故选B。易错选C。忽略shall表示请求时,只能用于第一人称而造成误选。
62.(2011·济南4月模拟,22)Sandy looks very happy. She ________ have got a well-paid job.
A.should B.could
C.must D.might
答案:C。句意:Sandy看起来很高兴。她肯定找到了一份报酬高的工作。考查情态动词的用法。由第一句的意思可以推知此处表示对过去事情的肯定性推测,故选C。易错选A。认为should有“按理说应该”之意,忽略了“should have got”表示“过去本应该得到而实际上没有得到”之意而误选。
63.(2011·济南一模,35)If people eat natural poisons by mistake, they ________ go to hospital without delay.
A.would B.can
C.may D.must
答案:D。句意:如果人们误食了自然界的有毒食物,必须立即去医院。考查情态动词。must“必须”,符合语境和逻辑。
64.(2011·江南十校二模,32)The adopted son resembles his birth mother so much that she ________ well recognize him.
A.could B.can
C.might D.may
答案:D。句意:那个被收养的孩子如此像他的生母以至于她很可能认出他。考查情态动词。may well很可能。
65.(2011·江南十校二模,34)The villagers are extremely thankful to him, without whose help the road to the village ________.
A.can't be builtB.couldn't have been built
C.mustn't be builtD.mustn't have been built
答案:B。句意:村民们非常感激他,没有他的帮助通往村庄的道路就不可能建成。考查情态动词的推测性用法。表达对过去情况的推测,用“情态动词+完成式”,而mustn't have been built形式是错误的,故用couldn't have been done。
66.(2011·江南十校联考,29)—What do you mean by this?
—No need for you to worry about your money and be angry with me. You ________ get it this afternoon.
A.will B.shall
C.may D.need
答案:B。句意:——你这是什么意思?——你没有必要担心你的钱和对我发怒,今天下午你会得到这笔钱的。在交际用语中考查情态动词的用法。shall在此表示“说话人对主语的许诺”。
67.(2011·江南十校联考,27)It was so quiet in the classroom that a needle ________ to drop onto the floor.
A.could hear B.was to be heard
C.could have been heard D.must be heard
答案:C。句意:当时教室里是那么安静以至于一根针掉到地板上的声音都可以听得到。考查虚拟语气。此处表示对过去情况的虚拟或推测,故选C。易错选A。忽略题干中的was,没有意识到是对过去情况的推测或不知对过去的推测需用“情态动词+have+done”而误选。
68.(2011·皖南八校第三次联考,35)Despite the fact that his scores were good, they were hardly as excellent as a student with his intelligence ________.
A.achieved B.had achieved
C.would achieve D.should have achieved
答案:D。句意:尽管他的成绩很好,不过还远没有达到像他这样的智商的学生本应该取得的成绩。考查情态动词的用法。should have achieved本应该取得但是没有取得。
69.(2011·合肥市第三次质检,31)I would have gone to visit him in the hospital, but I ________ fully occupied last week.
A.was B.were
C.had been D.have been
答案:A。句意:上周我本来想去医院看他,但我当时太忙了。考查时态。由第一句对过去的虚拟以及第二句中的last week可知,此句是叙述过去的事实,故选A。
70.(2011·合肥市第二次质检,25)—Is there an express to Beijing tonight?
—There ________ be, but you'd better call the booking office to make sure.
A.can B.might
C.will D.must
答案:B。句意:——今晚有去北京的快车吗?——可能有,你最好打电话到售票处确认一下。考查情态动词的推测性用法。从答句后半句可知说话人的语气不太确定,故选might。
71.(2011·合肥市二次质检,32)The government urged that every effort ________ to bring down food prices.
A.is made B.will be made
C.be made D.must be made
答案:C。句意:政府强烈要求采取一切措施降低食品价格。考查虚拟语气。urge“强烈要求,极力主张”,其后的宾语从句使用虚拟语气,谓语动词形式为“(should+)动词原形”,故选C。
72.(2011·苏锡常镇一调,27)—You ________ have bothered doing the washing-up.
—That's OK. No problem.
A.wouldn't B.mustn't
C.shouldn't D.couldn't
答案:C。句意:——不该麻烦你做这些餐后洗涤的活。——没关系。考查情态动词。由回答的内容可推知,上句的内容是不该麻烦但已经麻烦了,shouldn't have done表示做了本不应该做的事情。
73.(2011·苏锡常镇一调,35)—I won't be in for dinner tonight.
—Well, ________ you'd told me earlier.
A.I hope B.I wish[来源:21世纪教育网]
C.I forgot D.I remember
答案:B。句意:——今晚我不回家吃饭了。——真希望你早点告诉我。考查虚拟语气。you'd told me earlier为过去完成时,强调对过去的虚拟,而选项中只有wish可以用于虚拟语气。故选B。
74.(2011·南京二模,25)—I wonder if I can board the plane with this return ticket.
—There ________ be no problem. Your ticket is valid until the end of this month.
A.must B.shall
C.should D.might
答案:C。句意:——我不知道我能不能凭这张往返机票登上这架飞机。——应该没有问题的,你的票有效期到本月末。考查情态动词。should按理说应该,合乎语境。在此处体现出说话人委婉的、不肯定的语气。
75.(2011·杭州质检二,16)I ________ the poor rabbit, but I didn't have the right drugs with me at that moment.
A.could have saved B.had saved
C.could save D.saved
答案:A。句意:我当时本来可以救那只可怜的兔子的,但那时我没有随身带合适的药。考查虚拟语气。语境表明是对过去情况的虚拟,故需用“should/would/could/might+have+done”,故选A。
76.(2011·杭州质检二,11)We can hardly believe that an intelligent person like Daniel ________ be asking such a silly question.
A.should B.might
C.must D.could
答案:A。句意:我们几乎不能相信像Daniel这样聪明的人居然会问如此愚蠢的问题。考查情态动词。should “居然,竟然”符合语境。
77.(2011·湖南十二校第二次联考,25)—Why did you leave without a word of warning to John?
—But what ________ otherwise? He never listens to me.
A.could I do B.must I have done
C.could I have done D.should I do
答案:C。句意:——为什么你不警告John就离开了?——不然我还能怎么做呢?他从不听我的话。考查虚拟语气。由上文时态可知应该是对发生过的事情的虚拟,排除A和D。而虚拟语气中不使用must,故选C。易错选A。混淆了对不同时间进行虚拟的形式,如果对现在或将来进行虚拟,用could/should/might/would+动词原形;如果对过去进行虚拟,应该用could/should/might/would+have done。
78.(2011·江西九校联考,30)But for the fact that China________ also affected by the global economic crisis, we ________ fewer unemployed workers now.
A.is; would have B.were; would have
C.was; would have had D.were; would have had
答案:A。句意:要不是现在中国也受到全球经济危机的影响这一事实,我们现在就会有较少的失业工人。考查虚拟语气。从主句时间状语now可知是对现在情况的虚拟,故第二空处选would have;含蓄条件中的核心结构是but for the fact, that引导的句子是fact的同位语从句,其叙述的是现在的事实,故用一般现在时。答案为A。
79.(2011·江西八校联考,32)If you write something and send it immediately by e-mail, which you ________ later regret, there is no chance for second thoughts.
A.would B.should
C.have to D.might
答案:D。句意:如果你写了你可能以后后悔的某事并立即用电子邮件发了出去,就没有给你三思的机会了。考查情态动词。which引导的定语从句修饰先行词something,从句意为:你之后可能(might)后悔的,而不是会(would)、应该(should)或一定/必须(have to)后悔。
80.(2011·成都三诊,9)—You shouldn't have gone there alone last night; it was too dangerous.
—But I ________. Acturally, my father went with me.
A.didn't B.hadn't
C.wouldn't D.haven't
答案:A。句意:——你昨天晚上本不应该独自去那儿,太危险了。——但是我没有,事实上,是爸爸和我一起去的。考查动词时态。第一句话中的shouldn't have gone表明是对过去情况的虚拟,第二句应该是说的过去的客观事实,故用一般过去时。选A。易错选B。没有意识到shouldn't have gone表示对过去情况的虚拟,也没有注意第二句后半句中的动词用的是过去式(went),说的是过去的事,认为语境为“过去之前”而错选过去完成时。
81. (2011·厦门适应性考试,24)The rules state that no books or magazines ________ be taken out of the school reading-room.
A. should B. will
C. shall D. would
答案:C。考查情态动词。句意:规定表明书和杂志都不能带出学校阅读室。shall表示命令或者指示,意为“必须,一定,应该”。
82. (2011·厦门适应性考试,33)It's too bad that I've left my notebook in the dormitory. If only I ________ it back last night!
A. didn't take B. haven't taken
C. hadn't taken D. wouldn't take
答案:C。考查虚拟语气。句意:真糟糕,我把笔记本忘在了宿舍。要是昨晚没有把它带回宿舍该多好啊!if only“要是……该多好”,所接从句用过去完成时表示对过去事实的虚拟。
83.(2011·南平适应性考试,28)According to the school rules, no students ________ go out of the school after 11 o'clock at night without the teacher's permission.
A. will B. must
C. may D. shall
答案:D。考查情态动词。句意:根据学校规定,晚上11点后,没有老师允许,任何学生都不可以出校。由句意可知,选shall,shall用于二、三人称表示“命令、规定、许诺”等语气。
84.(2011·南平适应性考试,35)Thank you for all your hard work last week.I don't think we ________ it without you.
A.can manage B.could have managed[来源:21世纪教育网]
C.could manage D.can have managed
答案:B。考查虚拟语气。句意:感谢你上周的辛勤工作。如果没有你,我认为我们不可能做成。由句意可知,“without you”表示了暗含条件,又根据时间状语last week,因此主句用could/would/might/should+have+done。
85.(2011·宜宾适应性测试,6)—I'm leaving now.
—It' s so late.Better stay with me.Call a taxi if you ________.
A.will B.must
C.would D.may
答案:B。考查情态动词。答语句意:天这么晚了。最好别走了。如果你非得走,叫出租车吧。由句意可知,选must表示坚持,意为“非得,必须”。
86. (2011·南通三模,30)Johnny's uncle promises that the boy ________ get a nice present on Christmas Eve.
A. should B. must
C. can D. shall
答案:D。考查情态动词。shall用于二、三人称表示许诺、决心、命令等。再如:You and your husband Albany shall have this part of my kingdom with all its rivers and forests and mountains。
87. (2011·辽宁网上诊断联考,30)—Someone is knocking at the door. Who________ it be?
—It must be the milkman.
A. can B. must
C. may D. need
答案:A。能用于疑问句中表示推测的情态动词只有can一个。
88. (2011·莆田适应性练习,30)The boy ________ the first prize, but he was so careless as to make a foolish mistake.
A. must have gained B. need have gained
C. could have gained D. shall have gained
答案:C。考查虚拟语气。句意:那个男孩本来能够获得一等奖的,但是他太粗心犯了一个愚蠢的错误。but he was so careless as to make a foolish mistake可以转换为条件从句if he had not been so careless as to make a foolish mistake,这样就可以转换为虚拟语气的考点了,主句可以用could/would/might/should have done。
89.(2011·丰台二模,25)From the tears in Nancy' s eyes we know that something sad ________.
A.may happen B.would happen
C.must have happened D.should have happened
答案:C。考查情态动词。句意:从南希的眼泪我们知道一定已经发生了不幸的事情。must have done表示对过去发生的事情的非常肯定的推测。
90. (2011·漳州质检,28)—I wonder why Mr Green hasn't showed up at the meeting yet.
—I'm not sure, but he ________ in a traffic jam driving here.
A. could be stuck B. might have been stuck
C. might be stuck D. must have been stuck
答案:B。考查情态动词。由答语“I'm not sure”可知,选might表示语气不很肯定;再由所设情景可知,这是对过去的事情的不很肯定的推测,所以用might have done结构。
91. (2011·西安第三次质检,19)—What do you think of your brother's son?
—He ________ be very naughty but at the same time you ________ help liking him.
A. will;will B. won't; can't
C. may;may D. can;can't
答案:D。考查情态动词。答语句意:他有时很调皮,但是同时你又会情不自禁地喜欢上他。第一空选can表示一时的可能,意为“有时会”;第二空为固定结构,can't help doing“情不自禁做某事”。
92.(2011·德阳三诊,4)You ________ return the MP3 to me now.You can keep it till tomorrow if you wish.
A.needn't B.may not
C.mustn't D.can't
答案:A。考查情态动词。句意:你没有必要现在把MP3还给我。如果你愿意,你可以明天还我。由句意可知,选needn't。may not“不大可能”;mustn't“不允许”;can't“一定不可能”。
第1章 专题9非谓语动词
1.(2011·全国卷,15)The island, ________ to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to.
A.joining B.to join
C.joined D.having joined
答案:C。句意:这个岛屿由一座桥和大陆相连,很容易到达。join与the island之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,故此处用过去分词。
2.(2011·全国卷,18)Sarah pretended to be cheerful, ______ nothing about the argument.
A.says B.said
C.to say D.saying
答案:D。句意:萨拉假装很开心,对那次争论只字未提。Sarah和say之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,故此处用现在分词形式。
3.(2011·重庆卷,29)More TV programs,according to government officials,will be produced ________ people's concern over food safety.
A.to raise B.raising
C.to have raised D.having raised
答案:A。本题考查非谓语动词。句意:根据政府官员的意见,为了提高人们对食品安全的关心意识,要制作更多的电视节目。根据句子可知,此处用不定式表目的状语。不定式的一般时态表示的动作与谓语动词同时发生或在谓语动词之后,而不定式的完成时态,表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前。根据语境A项正确。
4. (2011·重庆,33)Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself________ of his own dreams.
A. reminding B. to remind
C. reminded D. remind
答案:C。本题考查非谓语动词的用法。句意:Michael把姚明的照片贴在床边,使他一直记起自己的梦想。remind sb. of sth.使某人记起某事,此处的sb.为himself,himself提前,因此remind要用过去分词表被动,在此作宾补。
5.(2011·四川卷,2)Lydia doesn't feel like ________ abroad.Her parents are old.
A.study B.studying
C.studied D.to study
答案:B。本题考查非谓语动词。句意:莉迪亚不想去国外读书,因为她的父母年纪大了。feel like doing sth.为常用搭配:想做某事。同:would like to do sth.。
6.(2011·四川卷,11)Simon made a big bamboo box ________ the little sick bird till it could fly.
A.keep B.kept
C.keeping D.to keep
答案:D。本题考查非谓语动词。句意:西蒙自己做了个竹子小盒,用来装那只小鸟,直到它能够飞起来。不定式to do sth.表目的。
7.(2011·四川卷,16)________ an important role in a new movie,Andy has got a chance to become famous.
A.Offer B.Offering
C.Offered D.To offer21世纪教育网
答案:C。本题考查非谓语动词。句意:在这部影片中得到一个重要的角色后,安迪得到了一个出名的机会。根据语境,别人给安迪一个角色,即存在被动关系。所以选C,过去分词表被动。
8.(2011·江苏卷,31)Recently a survey________prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens.
A.compared B.comparing
C.compares D.being compared
答案:B。本题考查非谓语动词。句意:近来一个比较同一商品在不同超市的价格的调查在市民中引起了热烈的讨论。分析结构可知,主语survey与compare之间为主谓关系,故用现在分词短语作定语,B项正确。
9.(2011·天津卷,7)Passengers are permitted______only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.
A.to carry B.carrying
C.to be carried D.being carried
答案:A。本题考查动词短语搭配。permit sb. to do sth.与permit doing sth.均为固定搭配形式。由句子结构可知A项正确。句意:旅客们只被允许随身携带一份行李登机。
10.(2011·浙江卷,14)Even the best writers sometimes find themselves ________ for words.
A.lose B.lost
C.to lose D.having lost
答案:B。考查非谓语动词。句意:即使最好的作家有时发现自己无以言辞。be lost for words“说不出话来”。然后结合“find+宾语+宾语补足语”结构可知,此处用lost作宾语补足语。
11.(2011·浙江卷,19)If they win the final tonight, the team are going to tour around the city ________ by their enthusiastic supporters.
A.being cheered B.be cheered
C.to be cheered D.were cheered
答案:C。考查非谓语动词。句意:如果他们赢得今晚的决赛的话,他们队将在他们热情的支持者欢呼中环游该城。因为是非谓语,排除D项;另外,cheer动作在将来发生,所以采用不定式。
12.(2011·辽宁卷,30)______around the fire, the tourists danced with the local people.
A.Gather B.To gather
C.Gathering D.To be gathering
答案:C。本题考查非谓语动词。句意:聚集在篝火周围,旅游的人和当地人一起跳舞。根据句子结构可知,此处是现在分词作伴随状语,表示“gather”与“dance”这两个动作同时发生。而不定式在句中作目的状语,不合语境。
13.(2011·福建卷,23)Tsinghua University,______in 1911,is home to a great number of outstanding figures.
A.found B.founding
C.founded D.to be founded
答案:C。本题考查非谓语动词。句意:清华大学,建于1911年,是许多杰出人物的母校。found“建立,创立”,与主语Tsinghua University之间为动宾关系,并且由时间状语1911可知,found动作早已完成,故用founded,C项正确。
14.(2011·安徽卷,30)Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier ________ into small pieces.
A. break B. breaking
C. broken D. to break
答案:D。考查非谓语动词。句意:汤姆问糖果制造商他们能否把巧克力制造的更加易于掰成小块。“(be)+形容词+不定式”为常用的句式,该结构中一般不用动词的其他形式。
15.(2011·北京卷,25) It's important for the figures ________ regularly.
A. to be updated B. to have been updated
C. to updateD. to have updated
答案:A。本题考查动词不定式的时态和语态。句意:对这些数字来说定期更新是重要的。根据句意,数字应该是被更新,故用动词不定式的被动语态;根据副词regularly可知此处表示经常性的动作,故用动词不定式的一般时态。
16.(2011·北京卷,33)Sit down, Emma. You will only make yourself more tired,________ on your feet.
A. to keep B. keeping
C. having kept D. to have kept
答案:B。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。句意:坐下,艾玛。如果你一直站着的话,只会使你自己更累。此处为非谓语动词作状语,表示条件,动词keep与句子的主语之间为主动关系,表示正在进行的动作,故用现在分词形式。此处相当于一个条件状语从句:You will only make yourself more tired, if you keep on your feet.。
17.(2011·湖南卷,21)The ability ________an idea is as important as the idea itself.
A.expressing B.expressed
C.to express D.to be expressed
答案:C。本题考查不定式短语作后置定语。句意:表达观点的能力和观点本身同等重要。ability后通常跟动词不定式作后置定语,故排除A,B两项;此处指表达观点的能力,表示主动意义,排除D项。
18.(2011·湖南卷,23)The players ________ from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game.
A.selecting B.to select
C.selected D.having selected
答案:C。本题考查过去分词作后置定语。句意:从全国选出的选手们被期待在这次夏季比赛中给我们带来荣誉。由句意可知选手们是被选出,故只有C项能在此处作后置定语。
19.(2011·湖南卷,29)Do you wake up every morning ________ energetic and ready to start a new day?
A.feel B.to feel
C.feeling D.felt
答案:C。本题考查现在分词作伴随状语。句意:你每天早上醒来都精力充沛,准备开始新的一天吗?feeling energetic在句中作伴随状语。
20.(2011·陕西卷,14)Claire had her luggage________an hour before her plane left.
A.check B.checking
C.to check D.checked
答案:D。考查非谓语动词作宾语补足语。句意:克莱尔在飞机起飞一个小时之前让人检查了行李。分析句子结构可知,本题考查“have+宾语(her luggage)+宾语补足语”, her luggage承受check这一动作,所以用其过去分词形式。
21.(2011·陕西卷,20)More highways have been built in China,________it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.
A. making B. made
C. to make D. having made
答案:A。考查非谓语动词用作结果状语。 句意:在中国更多的公路被建起,这自然使得人们从一地赶往另一地更加方便快捷。英语中用现在分词短语做结果状语,表示自然而然的结果,而不定式表示出乎意料的结果,首先排除B、C两项;另外,该结果伴随前文动作或者在之后发生,所以用现在分词的一般时,故排除D项。
22.(2011·江西卷,32)On receiving a phone call from his wife ________ she had a fall, Mr.Gordon immediately rushed home from his office.
A.says B.said
C.saying D.to say
答案:C。本题考查非谓语动词的用法。句意:一接到妻子的电话,说她摔到了,戈登先生马上从办公室冲回了家。此处为非谓语动词作定语,修饰call,且与call之间为主动关系,表示与动词receive同时进行的动作,故用现在分词形式。
23.(2010·全国卷Ⅰ)Mrs.White showed her students some old maps ______ from the library.
A.to borrow B.to be borrowed
C.borrowed D.borrowing
答案:C。考查非谓语动词。句意:怀特老师向她的学生展示了一些从图书馆借来的旧地图。maps与borrow为动宾关系,因此空白处应用过去分词作后置定语,故答案为C。
24.(2010·全国卷Ⅰ)With Father's Day around the corner,I have taken some money out of the bank ______ presents for my dad.
A.buy B.to buy
C.buying D.to have bought
答案:B。考查非谓语动词。句意:父亲节即将来临,我已经从银行取了些钱要给父亲买礼物。空白处应用动词不定式作目的状语,因此答案为B。
25.(2010·重庆卷)The news shocked the public,______ to great concern about students' safety at school.
A.having led B.led
C.leading D.to lead
答案:C。考查非谓语动词。现在分词短语作结果状语,表示自然而然的结果。
26.(2010·重庆卷)Many buildings in the city need repairing,but the one ______ first is the library.
A.repaired B.being repaired
C.repairing D.to be repaired
答案:D。考查不定式。不定式的被动式作后置定语表示被动关系及动作尚未发生。
27.(2010·江西卷)The lady walked around the shops,______an eye out for bargains.
A.keep B.kept
C.keeping D.to keep
答案:C。考查非谓语动词。句意:这位女士在商场转悠着,留意着里面的减价商品。现在分词短语keeping an eye out for(留意,注意)作伴随状语。
28.(2010·江西卷)There were many talented actors out there just waiting______.
A.to discover B.to be discovered
C.discovered D.being discovered
答案:B。考查非谓语动词。句意:很多有天赋的演员在那里,就是为了等着被人发现。discover与many talented actors之间是动宾关系,且强调将来,故用不定式的被动语态。
29.(2010·辽宁卷)We were astonished ______ the temple still in its original condition.
A.finding B.to find
C.find D.to be found
答案:B。考查非谓语动词。句意:看到寺院仍处于原始的状态,我们感到非常震惊。空格处为动词不定式作状语,表示原因,故选B项。
30.(2010·辽宁卷)—It’s no use having ideas only.
—Don’t worry.Peter can show you ______ to turn an idea into an act.
A.how B.who
C.what D.where
答案:A。考查“疑问词+动词不定式”代替名词性从句。分析句子结构可知,此处是“疑问词+动词不定式”代替宾语从句。句意:Peter可以向你展示如何把点子变为行动。连接词how表示“如何”,合乎句意。
31.(2010·辽宁卷)Alexander tried to get his work ______ in the medical circles.
A.to recognize B.recognizing
C.recognize D.recognized
答案:D。考查非谓语动词。题干中含有“get sth. done”结构,表示“使某事被做”。句意:Alexander试图使他的工作被医学界认可。his work与recognize为逻辑上的动宾关系,因此用过去分词作宾补。故选D项。
32. (2010·安徽卷)He had a wonderful childhood, ______with his mother to all corners of the world.
A.travel B.to travel
C.traveled D.traveling
答案:D。考查非谓语动词。后半句是现在分词短语作状语,表示伴随。B表示动作尚未发生,与前半句内容矛盾。
33.(2010·湖南卷)Listen!Do you hear someone ______ for help?
A.calling B.call [来源:21世纪教育网]
C.to call D.called
答案:A。考查非谓语动词。hear sb. doing sth.表示“听到某人正在做某事”,calling在句中是现在分词作宾补。句意:听!你听到有人正在喊救命吗?
34.(2010·湖南卷)Dina,______ for months to find a job as a waitress,finally took a position at a local advertising agency.
A.struggling B.struggled
C.having struggled D.to struggle
答案:C。考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知,此处应用现在分词形式作伴随状语,且struggle这一动作发生在谓语动词took之前,故用现在分词的完成式。句意:在经过数月努力找一份服务员的工作未果之后,Dina最终在一个当地广告事务所谋得了一个职位。
35.(2010·湖南卷)So far nobody has claimed the money ______ in the library.21世纪教育网
A.discovered B.to be discovered
C.discovering D.having discovered
答案:A。考查非谓语动词。money和discover之间存在动宾关系,故用过去分词形式discovered作定语,修饰money。句意:到目前为止还没有人来认领在图书馆发现的钱。
36.(2010·天津卷)It rained heavily in the south,______ serious flooding in several provinces.
A.caused B.having caused
C.causing D.to cause
答案:C。考查非谓语动词。cause与其逻辑主语之间是主谓关系,而且下雨在前,造成水灾在后,故应用causing短语作结果状语。
37.(2010·北京卷)______ at my classmates' faces,I read the same excitement in their eyes.
A.Looking B.Look
C.To look D.Looked
答案:A。考查非谓语动词。现在分词短语looking at my classmates’ faces在句中作状语,look与句子主语I是逻辑上的主谓关系,因此用look的现在分词形式。
38.(2010·北京卷)I'm calling to enquire about the position ______ in yesterday's China Daily.
A.advertised B.to be advertised
C.advertising D.having advertised
答案:A。考查非谓语动词。动词advertise和名词position是逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词表被动;过去分词短语advertised in yesterday’s China Daily在句中作position的后置定语。B项表示将要发生的动作,不合题意。
39.(2010·山东卷)I have a lot of readings ______ before the end of this term.
A.completing B.to complete
C.completed D.being completed
答案:B。考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知此处表示一个将要发生的动作,所以用动词不定式,故选B。句意:在这学期结束之前我有大量的阅读要完成。C项作定语表示已经完成,D项作定语表示正在进行,故都应排除。
40.(2010·山东卷)The living room is clean and tidy,with a dining table already ______ for a meal to be cooked.
A.laid B.laying
C.to lay D.being laid
答案:A。考查with复合结构。 lay意思是“摆放,搁”,和其逻辑主语table是动宾关系already表明动作已经完成,表示被动和完成应该用动词的过去分词形式。句意:起居室既整洁又干净,为了正要做的饭,一张餐桌已经摆好了。
41. (2010·福建卷)Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock,______ supplies to Yushu,Qinghai Province after the earthquake.
A.sending B.to send
C.having sent D.to have sent
答案:A。考查非谓语动词。句意:地震过后,许多救援人员正日夜不停地工作,向青海玉树运输救援物资。现在分词短语作伴随状语,表示同时发生的动作,故选A项。C项表示动作已完成,不符合题意。不定式表示出乎预料的结果,作目的状语时一般不与主句隔开,可排除B、D两项。
42. (2010·福建卷)—In this day and age,women can have children and jobs as well.
—I can't agree more.It's great to have the two ______.
A.linked B.related
C.connected D.combined
答案:D。考查非谓语动词。句意:——在这个年代,妇女可以养育孩子,也可以有自己的工作。——我非常赞同,把这两者结合起来是非常好的。combine“(使)结合,同时做”;link“连接”;relate“把……联系起来”;connect“使……连接,与……有关联”。故选D。
43. (2010·福建卷)In April,thousands of holidaymakers remained ______ abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.
A.sticking B.stuck
C.to be stuck D.to have stuck
答案:B。考查非谓语动词。句意:四月份,成千上万的度假者由于火山灰的影响而被滞留在国外。此处remain作系动词,后跟过去分词作表语,表示被动,故选择过去分词stuck。
44.(2010·四川卷)A great number of students______said they were forced to practise the piano.
A.to question B.to be questioned
C.questioned D.questioning21世纪教育网
答案:C。考查过去分词作定语。句中question与其修饰的名词students之间是动宾关系(被动关系),因此用过去分词作定语。
45.(2010·四川卷)In many people’s opinion,that company,though relatively small,is pleasant______.
A.to deal with B.dealing with
C.to be dealt with D.dealt with
答案:A。考查动词不定式的用法。某些形容词(pleasant,nice,comfortable,difficult,hard,easy等)后接动词不定式时,常用主动形式表示被动意义。
46.(2010·四川卷)The lawyer listened with full attention,______ to miss any point.
A.not trying B.trying not
C.to try not D.not to try
答案:B。考查现在分词的用法。句中现在分词作伴随状语。not trying...表示“不努力做……”;trying not...表示“努力不……”,意义不同。句意:律师专注地倾听着,努力不错过任何要点。
47.(2010·陕西卷)______ from the top of the tower,the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees.
A.Seen B.Seeing
C.Having seen D.To see
答案:A。考查非谓语动词作状语的用法。句意:当从塔顶看的时候,南边的山脚是一片树的海洋。动词see与句中主语是逻辑上的动宾关系,所以用过去分词。此非谓语结构相当于一个状语从句If/When it is seen from the top of the tower。
48.(2010·陕西卷)His first book ______ next month is based on a true story.
A.published B.to be published
C.to publish D.being published
答案:B。考查非谓语动词。句意:下个月要出版的他的第一本书是以一个真实的故事为基础的。此处表示将来,是被出版,要用不定式的被动式作定语。[来源:21世纪教育网]
49.(2010·江苏卷)The retired man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake in Yushu,______the students to return to their classrooms.
A.enabling B.having enabled
C.to enable D.to have enabled
答案:A。考查非谓语动词。句意:这位退休老人把他大部分的积蓄捐赠给了在玉树地震中被毁坏的那所学校,使学生得以重返教室。此处是-ing分词短语作状语。
50.(2010·浙江卷)The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise,if______regularly,can improve our health.
A.being carried out B.carrying out
C.carried out D.to carry out
答案:C。考查非谓语动词。逻辑主语exercise与carry out之间构成动宾关系,故用carry out的过去分词形式carried out,此处相当于if the exercise is carried out regularly的省略,所以答案选C项。
51.(2010·浙江卷)The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and______less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat.
A.being weighed B.to weigh
C.weighed D.weighing
答案:D。考查非谓语动词。逻辑主语young children与weigh之间构成主谓关系,应该用weigh的现在分词形式weighing,相当“young children who weigh less than 40 pounds”,答案选D项。
52. (2009·山东卷)We are invited to a party ______ in our club next Friday.
A. to be held B. held
C. being held D. holding
答案:A。本题考查非谓语动词的用法。由next Friday可知时间是在将来,party是被举行,故选A。
53. (2009·重庆卷)With the world changing fast, we have something new ______ with all by ourselves every day.
A. deal B. dealt
C. to deal D. dealing
答案:C。本句中缺少定语,deal与dealt只能用作谓语,根据句意“我们每天都要遇到要自己处理的问题”,有将来的意味,所以选用动词不定式。
54. (2009·北京卷)All of them try to use the power of the workstation ______ information in a more effective way.
A. presenting B. presented
C. being presented D. to present
答案:D。句意:所有人都尽力用工作站的能量去更有效地传递信息。此处应用动词不定式作目的状语,故正确答案为D选项。
55. (2009·北京卷) ______ twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog.
A. Being bitten B. Bitten
C. Having bitten D. To be bitten
答案:B。本题考查非谓语动词的用法。本句的主语为the postman,而bite 与 the postman 为动宾关系,故本句要用过去分词表被动,由此得出本题的正确答案为B选项。
56. (2009·浙江卷) ______ and short of breath, Andy and Ruby were the first to reach the top of Mount Tai.
A. To be tried B. Tired
C. Tiring D. Being tired
答案:B。非谓语动词的考查。逗号前是形容词短语作状语,还原为状语从句为:Though they were tired and short of breath,句子的主语为Andy and Rudy,所以应用“感到疲劳的”,即要用tired;又由于与形容词短语short of breath并列,所以排除A、D。故选B。
57. (2009·浙江卷)There is a great deal of evidence ______ that music activities engage different parts of the brain.
A. indicate B. indicating
C. to indicate D. to be indicating
答案:B。非谓语动词的考查。本句中缺少定语,且与evidence构成主动关系,陈述一个客观事实,而不是一个将来的动作。几方面综合考虑,B是正确的选项。
58. (2009·四川卷) He told us whether ______ a picnic was still under discussion.
A. to have B. having
C. have D. had
答案:A。句意:他告诉我说是否有个野餐活动还在商讨中。whether后常接动词不定式,故A项符合语境。
59. (2009·四川卷)______ many times, he finally understood it.
A. Told B. Telling
C. Having told D. Having been told
答案:D。考查非谓语动词。分析句子可以看出,动词tell与逻辑主语he之间是被动关系,故排除选项B和C;根据语境知,tell表示的动作发生在understand之前,故D项正确。
60. (2009·江苏卷)Schools across China are expected to hire 50,000 college graduates this year as short-term teachers, almost three times the number hired last year, ______ reduce unemployment pressures.
A. help B. to have helped
C. to help D. having helped
答案:C。根据句意可知此处应该选不定式作目的状语,故C项正确。
61. (2009·江苏卷)Distinguished guests and friends, welcome to our school. ______ the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are our alumni (校友) from home and abroad.
A. Attend B. To attend
C. Attending D. Having attended
答案:C。本题考查倒装以及非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知此句是一个倒装句,把它还原成正常语序应该是:Our alumni from home and abroad are ______ the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning.所以此题应该选C项attending作谓语动词的一部分。
62. (2009·全国卷)The children all turned ______ the famous actress as she entered the classroom.
A. looked at B. to look at[21世纪教育网]
C. to looking at D. look at
答案:B。考查非谓语动词。根据语境,当这个著名的女演员进教室时,孩子们都转身去看着她。所以此处用动词不定式作目的状语,故B项正确。
63. (2009·福建卷) ______ not to miss the flight at 15:20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry.
A. Reminding B. Reminded
C. To remind D. Having reminded
答案:B。考查非谓语动词。非谓语动词作状语,逻辑主语是句子的主语the manager,非谓语动词与句子主语是被动关系,且其表示的动作在谓语动词set out之前已经发生,非谓语动词用过去分词。此句的意思是“由于被提醒不能错过15∶20的飞机,经理急匆匆地动身去了飞机场”。
64. (2009·福建卷)In April, 2009, President Hu inspected the warships in Qingdao, ______ the 60th anniversary of the founding of the PLA Navy.
A. marking B. marked
C. having marked D. being marked
答案:A。考查非谓语动词。非谓语动词作状语,其后有宾语,故与逻辑主语是主动关系,且表示的动作与谓语动词的动作同时进行,用现在分词。句子的意思是“在2009年4月胡主席视察了青岛的战舰,这标志着人民海军已经成立了60周年了”。
65. (2009·江西卷) ______ the right kind of training, these teenage soccer players may one day grow into the international stars.
A. Giving B. Having given
C. To give D. Given 21世纪教育网
答案:D。本题考查非谓语动词。如果把句子补充完整就不难看出:If they are given the right kind of training , 可知主语they 即these teenage soccer players与give 之间是被动的关系,所以用过去分词。根据主、从句主语一致可省略从句主语与系动词的原则,连词if 也可省,所以得出Given the right kind of training , these teenage soccer players...。
66. (2009·江西卷)The government plans to bring in new laws ______ parents to take more responsibility for the education of their children.
A. forced B. forcing
C. to be forced D. having forced
答案:B。本题考查非谓语动词的用法。 现在分词短语作后置定语,修饰new laws ,相当于which forces ...。
67. (2009·辽宁卷)When we visited my old family home, memory came ______ back.
A. flooding B. to flood
C. flood D. flooded
答案:A。此题考查非谓语动词。句意:当我们参观老家时,记忆像洪水一样涌上来。memory与flood是主动关系,所以要用-ing形式。
68. (2009·辽宁卷) ______, you need to give all you have and try your best.
A. Being a winner B. To be a winner
C. Be a winner D. Having been a winner
答案:B。此题考查非谓语动词。句意:要想成为获胜者,你需要竭尽全力。to be a winner是用不定式表目的。
69. (2009·湖南卷)Every evening after dinner, if not ______ from work, I will spend some time walking my dog.
A. being tired B. tiring
C. tired D. to be tired
答案:C。考查过去分词的用法。tired表示主语的状态,be tired from表示“因……而感到疲劳”。
70. (2009·湖南卷)At the age of 29, Dave was a worker, ______ in a small apartment near Boston and ______ what to do about his future.
A. living; wondering B. lived; wondering
C. lived; wondered D. living; wondered
答案:A。考查分词的用法。所缺部分与主语存在主动关系,又表示29岁时所处的情况,and的前后应采用同样的结构,所以选A。
71.(2011·海淀第二学期期末,29)She got the photos of her son ________ up next to her desk so that she could see them whenever she missed him.
A.to pin B.pinning
C.being pinned D.pinned
答案:D。句意:她把儿子的照片钉在紧靠桌子的地方以便在想他的时候能看到。考查非谓语动词作宾补。实际上是考查get sth. done结构,宾语the photos和作宾补的动词pin的某种非谓语形式之间为被动关系且动作已经完成,故用过去分词作宾补。
72.(2011·海淀第二学期期末,32)Today, people are paying more and more attention to their health, ________ books on keeping healthy extremely hot.
A.to make B.make
C.making D.made
答案:C。句意:现在,人们越来越关注自身的健康,也就使得保健方面的书极其热销。考查非谓语动词作状语。此处用现在分词短语表示顺其自然的结果,故选C。易错选A。忽略不定式表示的是出乎意料的结果而误选。
73.(2011·海淀第二学期期末,33)—What else do we need for this trip besides food to eat and special clothes to wear?
—A tent ________ in.
A.sleep B.sleeping
C.to sleep D.slept21世纪教育网
答案:C。句意:——除了吃的食物和穿的衣服外,这次旅行我们还需要别的什么?——一顶用来休息的帐篷。考查非谓语动词作定语。此处表示未来的动作,故需用不定式作后置定语,此处不定式短语to sleep in和它所修饰的名词tent之间为动宾关系。易错选D。只是想当然地认为tent和sleep之间为被动关系,而没有意识到sleep的主语只能是人而误选。
74.(2011·海淀期中,33)—Well, a soup, a salad, and anything ________, sir?
—An apple pie, please.
A.follows B.to follow
C.followed D.following
答案:B。句意:——好的,一份汤,一份色拉,还要别的什么吗,先生?——一个苹果馅饼。考查非谓语动词作定语。此处指“还有没有要的东西”故用不定式作定语。易错选C。没有意识到语境中指“将来”,单从语法的角度考虑,认为anything和follow之间为被动关系而误选。
75.(2011·东城练习二,23)She seems to prefer ________ American TV Shows to talking to me.
A.to watch B.to be watching
C.watching D.having watched
答案:C。句意:她似乎更喜欢看美国电视节目,而不愿意和我说话。考查非谓语动词。prefer doing to doing“喜欢做……胜于……”。易错选A。混淆了prefer的两种形式,prefer doing to doing=prefer to do rather than do。
76.(2011·东城练习二,29)________ her emotion, she buried her face in her hands.
A.Controlled B.To control
C.Being controlled D.Having controlled
答案:B。句意:为了控制自己的情绪,她用手捂住了脸。考查非谓语动词作状语。不定式放在句首表目的。
77.(2011·东城练习二,31)________ their final medical check, the astronauts boarded their spacecraft.
A.Received B.Being received
C.To receive D.Having received21世纪教育网
答案:D。句意:接受了最后的体格检查后,宇航员们登上了宇宙飞船。考查非谓语动词作状语。宇航员和动词receive“接受”之间是主动关系,又因为接受检查在前,登船在后,所以用了现在分词的完成式。
78.(2011·西城二模,23)—What's wrong with your iPad? The sound ________ is not clear.
—Yes. It has been broken for some time.
A.come out B.coming out
C.to come out D.came out
答案:B。句意:——你的苹果平板电脑出什么毛病了?放出的声音不清晰。——是的,它已经坏了一段时间了。考查非谓语动词作定语。因为主语sound和动词短语come out之间是主动关系,故用现在分词形式作定语。选B。
79.(2011·西城二模,27)With a lot of tough problems ______, the pilot was still calm, cool and active under presure.
A.solve B.solved
C.solving D.to solve
答案:D。句意:尽管有好多的难题要解决,那位飞行员面对压力依然平静、冷静、灵活。考查with的复合结构。在with复合结构中用不定式主动形式作宾补,也有人认为是不定式的主动形式作定语表示将来,构成with sth. to do结构作状语。
80.(2011·西城二模,31)More than a quarter of the energy ________ in the United States goes to moving people and goods from one place to another.
A.using B.used
C.to use D.use
答案:B。句意:在美国四分之一以上的能源被用于把人们和货物从一个地方移到另一个地方。考查非谓语动词作定语。energy和use之间是被动关系,故用过去分词短语作定语,选B。
81.(2011·天津十二区县联考一,6)A strong earthquake ________ widespread destruction in the city center hit New Zealand south Island city of Christchurch.
A.caused B.to cause
C.causing D.to have caused
答案:C。句意:一场在市中心造成广泛破坏的强烈的地震袭击了新西兰南岛城市克莱斯特切奇。考查非谓语动词作定语。因动词cause与其逻辑主语earthquake之间为主动关系,故此处用动词的现在分词作定语。易错选B、D。易忽略不定式的一般式作定语表示将来而误选B;易忽略不定式的完成式说明不定式所表示的动作先于主句谓语动词hit所表动作而出现“地震前就造成破坏”的逻辑错误而误选D。
82.(2011·天津十二区县联考一,7)________, and the housing problems for low-income families in this area could be settled.
A.If we double our effortsB.Unless we make every effort
C.Make more effortsD.Making greater efforts
答案:C。句意:如果做出更多的努力,这个地区低收入家庭的住房问题就可能得到解决。考查特殊句式。“祈使句+and+含情态动词的陈述句或一般将来时的陈述句”是表示前因后果的一个句式,在此句式中,祈使句相当于一个由if引导的条件句,and表示前后是统一关系。如:Study hard, and you will succeed one day.=If you study hard, you will succeed one day.。
83.(2011·重庆二诊,26)Group-buying websites have appeared, ________ as agents between buyers and sellers.
A.served B.serving
C.to serve D.having served
答案:B。句意:作为消费者和销售者之间代理商的团购网站已经出现了。考查非谓语动词作结果状语。此处用现在分词表示顺其自然的结果。易错选C。忽略空格前的逗号,认为是不定式作目的状语而误选。
84.(2011·重庆二诊,33)________ regular Internet users, kids who are heavy users or non-users are more likely to be depressed.
A.Comparing with B.Compared with
C.To compare with D.Being compared with
答案:B。句意:和那些经常使用网络的人相比,有网瘾的孩子或不上网的孩子更有可能感到沮丧。考查分词短语作比较状语。compare和with直接连用构成短语时,只有一种形式:compared with,因为比较和被比较都是相互的,即互为被比较对象,相当于when A is compared with B,故选B。
85.(2011·东北三校二模,28)The noise from the top floor, loud and constant, of the meeting-room ________ can be clearly heard in our classroom.
A.being decorated B.having been decorated
C.to be decorated D.decorated
答案:A。句意:在我们教室能清晰地听到会议室顶楼装修的声音,既刺耳又连续不断。考查非谓语动词作定语。会议室和装修之间存在被动关系,又由语境可知此处强调正在进行,故选A。易错选D。D项强调被动、完成,和句子语境矛盾。
86.(2011·沈阳二模,3)If you are not satisfied with the price ________, we can still discuss it.
A.being offered B.to offer
C.offering D.offered
答案:D。句意:如果你对所提供的价格不满意,我们还可以讨论。be satisfied with...“对……满意”。考查非谓语动词作定语。price和offer之间为被动关系,故用过去分词作定语。易错选A、C。没有意识到being offered为正在进行的被动动作,而语境表示“已提出的价格”而误选A;受offer“主动提供/出”词义的影响,没有意识到price和offer之间为被动关系而误选C。
87.(2011·沈阳二模,6)What is the best way you can imagine ________ the overuse of water in our school?
A.reducing B.to reduce
C.reduced D.reduce
答案:B。句意:你能想出的减少学校滥用水的最好的方法是什么?考查非谓语动词作定语。此处为不定式作定语,you can imagine为省去了关系代词that/which的定语从句修饰先行词way,省略的关系代词在定语从句中作动词imagine的宾语。若将定语从句去掉,则答案很明朗。the way后跟to do/of doing作定语。易错选A。此项为陷阱题。认为imagine后跟动名词作宾语,忽略you can imagine为省略了作宾语的关系代词的定语从句而误选。
88.(2011·石家庄二模,12)With no one ________ them, the two thieves stole into the house.
A.watch B.watching
C.watches D.watched
答案:B。句意:没有人注意他们,那两个贼偷偷溜进那所房子。考查with复合结构中作宾补的结构的选择。因宾语no one和watch之间为主动关系,故用现在分词作宾语补足语。选B。易错选C。没有意识到是选择作宾补的结构而误选谓语动词。
89.(2011·石家庄二模,17)Before you decide to leave your job, ________ the effect it will have on your family.
A.consider B.considering
C.to consider D.considered
答案:A。句意:在你做出辞职决定之前,考虑一下辞职将给你的家庭带来的影响。考查祈使句。主句为祈使句。祈使句通常省略主语you,而以动词原形开头,故选A。
90.(2011·石家庄二模,19)—You should have helped your mom wash the dishes.
—I meant ________. But she is always telling me to study.
A.to do B.to
C.doing so D.doing
答案:B。句意:——你本应该帮助你妈妈洗碗。——我原打算这样做的但是妈妈总是要我去学习。考查不定式的省略,故选B。mean to+v.意欲/打算做某事。to do不定式只保留不定式符号to;to be不定式要保留be动词;不定式的完成式要保留到to have。
91.(2011·太原基础知识测试,25)During the lecture, the foreign teacher managed to make herself ________ using very simple English.
A.understood B.understand
C.understanding D.to understand
答案:A。句意:在演讲中,那位外籍教师使用很简单的英语想方设法把自己的意思表达清楚。考查非谓语动词。make+oneself+v.-ed“使某人自己被……”,其中过去分词作宾补。
92.(2011·河南示范高中适应性测试,27)A study ________ by Allan Lucks, director of Big Brothers Big Sisters, found volunteers had better health than non-volunteers.
A.was led B.led
C.leading D.was leading
答案:B。句意:一项由Big Brothers Big Sisters的主管Allan Lucks领导的研究发现志愿者比非志愿者更健康。考查动词和非谓语动词的用法。句子的主干为:a study found volunteers had better health than non-volunteers.主语a study后跟一个定语,a study和动词lead之间为被动关系,故排除现在分词leading,用过去分词led构成的分词短语作定语;若在A项前加关系代词that/which构成定语从句作定语亦可。
93.(2011·济南4月模拟,30)A terrible earthquake hit Japan, ________ thousands of deaths.
A.caused B.to cause
C.causing D.having caused
答案:C。句意:一场可怕的地震袭击了日本,造成了成千上万人的死亡。考查非谓语动词作状语。此处用现在分词表示自然而然的结果。易错选B、D。没有注意到语境中的a terrible earthquake,认为是出乎意料的结果而误用了不定式;认为语境为“已经造成……”而没有意识到现在分词的完成式表示动作发生在主句谓语动词之前而误选D。
94.(2011·济南一模,27)Some people try knocking me down, only ________ me more determined to do better.
A.to make B.makes
C.having made D.made
答案:A。句意:有些人试图把我击倒,这只能使我更坚定把事情做得更好。考查非谓语动词作状语。此处用不定式表示出乎意料的结果,故选A。
95.(2011·济南一模,34)Before us lies the biggest room, ________ with things like guns, dolls and old clothes.
A.filling B.filled
C.being filled D.having been filled
答案:B。句意:在我们面前是最大的一间房子,里面满是像枪支、洋娃娃和旧衣物这样的东西。考查非谓语动词作定语。因为fill和room之间为被动关系,故用过去分词作定语。相当于which was filled with...易错选C、D。C项表示正进行的被动动作,不符合语境;D项的having been filled尽管在意思上表示“被动、完成”相当于过去分词的功能,但是这种形式不能作定语。
96.(2011·江南十校二模,28)—Why didn't you let me know it this morning?
—________ you concentrate on the important exam.
A.Help B.Helping
C.To have helped D.To help
答案:D。句意:——为什么今天上午不让我知道那件事?——为了让你把精力集中在那场重要的考试上。考查非谓语动词作状语。此处用不定式作目的状语,故选D。
97.(2011·江南十校二模,31)Nowadays road conditions have been greatly improved nationwide, thus ________ much convenience to the disabled.
A.bringing B.bring
C.brought D.to bring
答案:A。句意:当今全国范围的路况已经得到很大地改善,因此给残疾人带来很大的便利。考查非谓语动词。现在分词在句中作结果状语,表示顺其自然的结果,故选A。
98.(2011·江南十校联考,22)Nowadays many people keep on the move, ________ there to be better-paid jobs.
A.to hope B.hoping
C.expecting D.to expect
答案:C。句意:当今很多人在四处奔波,期盼有报酬较好的工作。考查非谓语动词。expecting为现在分词作伴随状语。expect“期盼、期待、盼望”后接sb. to do或there to be结构。如:He is always expecting there to be a chance of being sent abroad for further education.易错选B。hope后不可接动词不定式作宾语补足语。即hope不用于hope sb. to do的复合结构。
99.(2011·皖南八校第三次联考,23)The room ________ 10 metres across is large enough for a single man to live in.
A.measuring B.measures
C.to be measured D.measured
答案:A。句意:那个10米宽的房间对居住一个单身男子来说是足够大的。考查非谓语动词。measure作动词“量起来……,有……长(宽,高等)”讲时,无被动语态。此处的现在分词短语作后置定语。易错选D。认为measure为及物动词和其修饰的词the room之间为被动关系而误选过去分词。
100.(2011·皖南八校第三次联考,30)________ repeatedly, the problem still appeared in the beginners' homework.
A.ExplainingB.Having explained
C.Having been explainedD.To be explained
答案:C。句意:在被反复解释之后,这一问题依然出现在初学者的家庭作业里。考查非谓语动词作状语。由explain和句子的主语the problem之间的逻辑关系和副词repeatedly可知选C。现在分词的完成被动式表示被动、完成双重含义。
101.(2011·合肥第三次质检,29)________ at home reading all day, the boy felt very lonely and wished to go out to play with his friends.
A.Leave B.Leaving
C.Left D.To leave
答案:C。句意:整天被留在家里读书,这个男孩感到很孤单,希望出去和朋友们玩。考查非谓语动词作状语。主语the boy和leave之间是被动关系,故选C。
102.(2011·合肥第三次质检,34)As the host, the EU is committed ________ some 45% of the cost, with the other partners contributing about 9% each.
A.to cover B.being coverred
C.covered D.to covering
答案:D。句意:作为东道主,欧盟决定承担费用的大约45%,其他的合作者分别承担9%。考查非谓语动词。be committed to doing sth.“致力于做某事”。
103.(2011·合肥第二次质检,31)Mary often stays up, reviewing her lessons, books ________ all over the desk.21世纪教育网
A.spreading B.spread
C.are spreading D.to spread
答案:B。句意:Mary常常熬夜复习功课,摊开的书铺满了桌子。spread“展开,摊开”。考查分词的独立主格结构作伴随状语。分析句子结构可知reviewing作stays up的伴随状语,过去分词spread也作其伴随状语,只是主句的主语Mary不是spread的逻辑主语,它带有自己的逻辑主语构成独立主格结构。
104.(2011·合肥第二次质检,35)All the books donated by the students from urban schools are said ________ to the students in rural areas the other day.
A.to be sent B.being sent
C.having been sent D.to have been sent
答案:D。句意:据说所有由城市学生捐赠的图书几天前已经被送到农村地区学生的手中。考查典型句式:Sth. is said+不定式。语境表明“不定式的动作(送书)已经完成”,故用不定式的完成式,选D。
105.(2011·苏锡常镇一调,22)As workers and as citizens, we need to be able to think beyond our own self-interest and ________ what is right under the circumstances.
A.doing B.to do
C.have done D.done
答案:B。句意:作为工作者和公民,我们需要能够超越我们的自身利益,去做我们认为在这种情况下正确的事情。考查非谓语动词作宾语。由句子结构和句意可知,选项应该和to be able构成并列关系,故答案为B。
106.(2011·苏锡常镇一调,30)________, I can see that those terrible events shaped me into the person I am today.
A.Having looked backB.Looking back
C.Being looking backD.To be looking back
答案:B。句意:回顾过去,我能够看出是那些可怕的经历使我成为今天这个样子。考查非谓语动词的状语。由句意可知,looking back在句中作时间状语,因为look back和谓语动词同时存在,所以排除A;C形式错误;D表目的。
107.(2011·苏锡常镇一调,33)—I don't think it's ________ to the ceiling very securely.
—Don't worry. It won't ________.
A.fixing; drop B.fixed; drop
C.fixing; be dropped D.fixed; be dropped
答案:B。句意:——我认它没有很安全地固定到天花板上。——别担心。它不会掉下来。考查语态。因为it和fix之间存在被动关系,故应用fixed;而drop作“掉下来”讲时,强调自然行为,故用主动。易错选项为D。对drop词义理解不清。drop vt. “使滴下,丢下,扔下,降低”;vi. “滴下,落下,掉下”。此处是不及物动词;落下,掉下,故无被动。
108.(2011·南京二模,29)—What happened to your brother?
—He slipped on the icy road ________ after a bus, and had his leg broken.
A.to chase B.chasing
C.chased D.having chased
答案:B。句意:——你弟弟发生了什么事?——他在结冰的路上赶一辆公交车时滑倒了,摔断了一条腿。考查非谓语动词作时间状语。chasing在此相当于when he was chasing...。易错选A。认为不定式作目的状语而误选,若理解成不定式作目的状语,似是而非,句意就成了“他在路上滑倒了的目的是为了赶公交车”,逻辑上讲不通。
109.(2011·湖南十二校第二次联考,26)The survey ________ 10, 080 people revealed that Chinese basic scientific knowledge was on rise.
A.covered B.covering
C.cover D.to cover
答案:B。句意:涉及10080人的一次调查发现,中国人基本的科学知识在不断提升。考查非谓语动词作定语。分析句子结构可知,survey和cover之间存在主动关系,故选B。D表将来,不符合句意。易错选A。误认为此处缺少谓语,但从句子结构看revealed是谓语,故排除A。
110.(2011·江西九校联考,34)According to the Daily Mail on February 16, the photo of the world's first artificial heart ________ by the Smithsonian Institute on February 14 ________ Valentine's Day.
A.released; markingB.being released; marked
C.was released; to markD.released; to mark
答案:C。句意:依据2月16日Daily Mail的消息,为纪念情人节,世界上第一颗人造心脏的照片于2月14日由Smithsonian协会发布了。考查被动语态和非谓语动词。从句子结构看,第一空处为谓语动词,主语是the photo, release(发行,发表)又是及物动词,故须用被动语态形式;第二空处为不定式作目的状语,故选C。
111.(2011·福建名样本分析考试,26)“________ to Michelle and having two beautiful girls in my house never allows me to look down upon women,” said Obama.
A.Marrying B.Having married
C.Being married D.Married
答案:C。句意:奥巴马说:“娶Michelle为妻并且有两个漂亮的女儿绝不允许我看不起妇女。”考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知,________ to Michelle and having two beautiful girls in my house作句子主语;而过去分词不作主语,排除D;marry vt. “娶,嫁,和……结婚”,be married to 强调状态,符合句意要求;而A、B强调动作,故排除。
112.(2011·福建名校样本分析考试,34)The schedule, originally ________ out last week, had to be cancelled because of the unexpected snowstorm.
A.carried B.to be carried
C.being carried D.was carried
答案:B。句意:因为突如其来的暴风雪,最初打算在上周进行的比赛日程不得不取消。考查非谓语动词。originally to be carried out last week是the schedule的非限制性定语,因为和the schedule之间存在被动关系,又表示未发生的动作,故选B。易错选A。误认为有last week应该是发生过的动作,但从句子后半部分的内容可知,动作没发生,故排除A。
113.(2011·福建质检,24)It is wise to forget such things as aren't worth ________.
A.remembering B.being remembered
C.to remember D.to be remembered
答案:A。句意:忘记这些不值得记忆的事情是明智的。在定语从句中考查形容词worth的用法。worth adj. “值得(做……)的”,后跟动名词的主动形式表示被动意思,故选A。
114.(2011·福建质检,34)The digital dictionary I got ________ the other day cost me a lot.
A.repaired B.repairing
C.to repair D.to be repaired
答案:A。句意:几天前我修那个电子词典花了我很多钱。考查非谓语动词。I got repaired the other day为定语从句,先行词为the digital dictionary作got的宾语,故省略关系代词。定语从句中的核心结构为get sth. done,故选A。
115.(2011·桂林一模,28)—Have you checked all the clothes ________ to the people in the flood-hit areas?
—Yes, several times. But I'll check it once more.
A.sent B.sending
C.to send D.to be sent
答案:D。句意:——你是否已经检查了所有的即将被送给洪水灾区的人们的衣服?——是的,检查了几次,但是我要再去检查一遍。考查非谓语动词作定语。从语境中的含义和第二句中的“将来时”可知此处表示未来的被动动作,故只能用不定式的被动式作定语,选D。易错选A、C。因忽略语境中“表示将来”的时间因素,只注意到send和其被修饰词clothes之间的被动关系而误选A;只注意到不定式表示将来的动作而没有意识到和所修饰的词clothes之间的被动关系而误选C。
116.(2011·西安八校联考,13)________ a thorough medical examination, she was glad to know she was as fit as a fiddle.
A.Having been given B.Having given
C.Giving D.Being given
答案:A。句意:在进行了彻底的体检后,她很高兴地知道她很健康。考查非谓语动词作状语。主句主语she和动词give之间为被动关系,且表示动作已经先于主句动词所表示的动作,故用现在分词的完成被动式表示被动完成。as fit as a fiddle“非常健康,身体很好”。易错选B、D。忽略分词和其逻辑主语之间的被动关系而误选B;因忽略分词所表动作先于主句谓语动词所表动作而误选D,being given表示正在进行的被动动作。
117.(2011·西安八校联考,21)The lake smells awful. People must ________ dirty things into it.
A.be stopped to throwB.stop to throw
C.be stopped from throwingD.stop from throwing
答案:C。句意:那个湖散发出可怕的味道,必须阻止人们把脏东西投进湖中。考查动词用法。stop to do sth.“停下别的事去做某事”,to do作目的状语,若选B,则句意为“人们必须停下来向湖里扔脏东西”显然不合逻辑;stop sb./sth. from doing sth.“阻止某人做某事,阻止某事发生”。此处主语和动词stop之间为被动关系,故选C。
118.(2011·乌鲁木齐二诊,24)The key to ________ a leader lies in character—people follow only those ________ they respect, trust and admire.
A.become;whom B.becoming; who
C.become; that D.becoming; which
答案:B。句意:成为领导人的关键在于品性——人们只追随那些他们尊敬、信任和钦佩的人。考查习惯搭配和定语从句。the key to(……的关键)中的to是介词,其后要求跟名词或动名词,故第一空应填becoming;第二空处考查定语从句的关系词,先行词为指人的those且定语从句中缺宾语,故需用who或that或whom,答案为B。
119.(2011·乌鲁木齐二诊,29)—So what did you buy?
—A T-shirt. It was a real bargain. I got it half price; ________ 15 dollars.
A.saving B.saved
C.to save D.save
答案:A。句意:——那你买的什么?——一件T恤衫。很便宜,我半价买的,节省了15美元。考查非谓语动词作结果状语。此处表示顺其自然的结果,故需用现在分词形式,选A。易错选C。认为不定式在此作目的状语,忽略了不定式作目的状语时其前不用逗号这一点;或者认为不定式在此作结果状语,忽略了不定式表示的是出乎意料的结果,而此语境中没有出乎意料的意味。
120.(2011·成都三诊,4)—Excuse me, manager, a man calling himself Mr. Smith is asking to see you.
—Thanks, but I have had no appointment ________ with anybody today.
A.make B.made
C.to make D.making
答案:B。句意:——打扰一下,经理,一个自称是史密斯先生的人想要见您。——谢谢,但是我今天没约任何人。考查非谓语动词。make an appointment“约会”为固定搭配。appointment和make之间为被动关系,故用过去分词作宾语补足语。
121.(2011·成都三诊,11)________ the worst of the traffic, we need to start half an hour earlier.
A.To avoid B.Avoiding
C.Avoid D.Having avoided
答案:A。句意:为了避免交通拥挤 ,我们需要提前半个小时出发。考查动词不定式作目的状语。故选A。
122.(2011·昆明质检,5)The universities we've been looking forward to ________ Oxford, Harvard and so on.
A.included B.including
C.include D.includes
答案:C。句意:我们一直期盼的大学包括牛津、哈佛等等。考查谓语动词和非谓语动词的用法。分析句子结构可知,we've been looking forward to为省去了关系代词that或which的定语从句修饰主句主语the universities,句子的主干为:The universities ________ Oxford, Harvard and so on.句子中缺谓语动词,从语境可知主句说的是“现在”的情况,故排除一般过去时的A,又因为主语为复数名词,故排除D,选C。
123. (2011·厦门适应性考试,31)Jane stood outside the office, ________ over whether to tell the teacher her trouble.
A. to hesitate B. having hesitated
C. hesitated D. hesitating
答案:D。考查非谓语动词。句意:简站在办公室外,犹豫着要不要把自己的麻烦告诉老师。hesitate与句子的主语Jane构成逻辑上的主谓关系,而且hesitate的动作与stand同时进行;因此选D项。
124. (2011·厦门适应性考试,34)The high-speed one-way run between Beijing and Shanghai will be 5 hours, one more hour than ________.
A. to plan B. planned
C. planning D. plan
答案:B。考查非谓语动词。句意:从北京到上海的单行高速要五个小时,比计划多花一个小时。than后省略了the high-speed one-way run is,所以选过去分词planned。
125.(2011·南平适应性考试,29)It rained continuously for seven days, completely ________ our holiday.
A.ruined B.to ruin
C.ruining D.ruins
答案:C。考查非谓语动词。句意:雨一连下了七天,使我们的计划彻底泡了汤。由句意可知,选ruining,在此表示顺理成章的结果。不定式也可以作结果状语,但是一般表示出乎意料的结果。
126.(2011·南平适应性考试,34)Jane's summer vacation in Paris led ________ a French.
A. to her marrying B. for her to marry
C. to be married D. to her being married
答案:A。考查非谓语动词。句意:简在法国度过的暑假使她嫁给了一个法国人。lead to“导致,造成”,to是介词,后接-ing形式。
127.(2011·宜宾适应性测试,20)The meeting ________ tomorrow is very important.
A.to hold B.to be held
C.held D.holding
答案:B。考查非谓语动词。句意:明天要召开的会议很重要。由句意可知,会议在明天召开,所以选表示将来的不定式。
128. (2011·南通三模,25)Most students' attitudes towards fashion are reported ________ nowadays in a recent survey.
A. changing B. to be changing
C. having changedD. to be changed
答案:B。考查非谓语动词。句意:据最新研究报道,现在,大多数学生对待时尚的态度一直在改变。It's reported that...可转换为sb. / sth. is reported to do...。
129. (2011·南通三模,33)It is said that ________ to classic music may be helpful in improving teenagers' taste.
A. exposedB. exposing
C. being exposed D. having exposed
答案:C 考查非谓语动词。句意:据说,常听古典音乐可能帮助改进青少年的品味。________ to classic music做句子的主语,排除A项;再由句意可知,应该是被动。
130.(2011·淮安第四次调考,23)The English in this story has been simplified to make it easier ________.
A. to be understood B. understood
C. understanding D. to understand
答案:D 考查非谓语动词。横线前easier是形容词,后面应该接不定式的主动式表被动。如:The air in the mountain is hard to breathe.山上的空气难以呼吸。
131. (2011·淮安第四次调考,26)Chinese President Hu Jintao called for an immediate cease-fire in Libya ________ an even worse humanitarian crisis in the country at the BRICS Summit in Hainan Province.
A. to prevent B. to have prevented
C. preventing D. having prevented
答案:A。考查非谓语动词。句意:在海南召开的金砖国家峰会上,国家主席胡锦涛呼吁利比亚立即停火以防止在该国出现严重的人道主义灾难。由句意可知,选不定式表目的。
132. (2011·辽宁网上诊断联考,26)A bus ran into a truck almost face to face, ________ a dozen passengers.
A. to kill B. killed
C. having killed D. killing
答案:D。本题考查的是现在分词作结果状语的用法。前半句的交通事故与导致乘客死亡的动作应该是主动关系,所以选择现在分词。C选项要求状语的动作先发生,不符合本题的意思。
133.(2011·辽宁网上诊断联考,27) There ________ the bell, all the children rushed out for lunch.
A. went B. goes
C. going D. to go
答案:C。本题考查的非谓语动词中的基础考点,即一个简单句一般只能有一个谓语动词。后面句子中的rushed out 是整个句子的谓语,所以前面的结构中一定不能有谓语动词。
134.(2011·莆田适应性练习,24)Maria is constantly making efforts, she deserves ________ the goal of entering the key university.
A. achieving B. to achieve
C. being achieved D. to be achieved
答案:B。考查非谓语动词。句意:Maria一直在努力,她应该能实现进入重点大学的目标。deserve“值得,应得,应受”,后接不定式。
135.(2011·丰台二模,27)The reporter apologized for any misunderstandings ________ by his article on that film star.
A.causing B.caused
C.to cause D.being caused
答案:B。考查非谓语动词。句意:记者为由于他写的有关那位影星的文章引起的误解道歉。由句意可知选caused,因为cause与misunderstanding构成了逻辑上的动宾关系。
136. (2011·漳州质检,24) While some people in China are deserting their bicycles for cars,________ to work grows popular in the West.
A. cycling B. being cycled
C. cycle D. cycled
答案:A。考查非谓语动词。句意:中国的一些人正在抛弃自行车,换成了汽车,而在西方,骑自行车去上班变得很流行。仔细分析句子成分,我们要选的是句子的主语,所以应该选A、B两项;再由句意可知,应该选主动的A项。
137.(2011·漳州质检,31)I only know we will have a League meeting, but I have no idea when ________ it.
A. have B. had
C. to have D. having
答案:C。考查“特殊疑问词+不定式”结构。句意:我只知道我们要召开一次团会,但是我不知道何时召开。“特殊疑问词+不定式”可以做句子的主语、宾语。再如:When and where to have the meeting hasn't been decided。
138.(2011·西安第三次质检,12)________ more effectively with others, more and more people equip themselves with a higher education.
A. To compete B. Being competed
C. Competing D. Competed
答案:A。考查非谓语动词。句意:为了更有效地和别人竞争,越来越多的人都争取接受更高的教育。由句意可知,选不定式作目的状语。
139.(2011·德阳三诊,7)China is well known to be the fourth ________ man-made satellites successfully in the world.
A.send B.to send
C.sending D.of sending
答案:B。考查非谓语动词。句意:众所周知,中国是世界上第四个成功发射人造卫星的国家。英语中,the first/second...last/next后面多用不定式作定语。再如:He is the first man to land on the moon.。
第2章完形填空
(一)
(2011·全国卷)
There are times when people are so tired that they fall asleep almost anywhere. We can see there is a lot of sleeping on the bus or train on the __1__ home from work in the evenings. A man will be __2__ the newspaper, and seconds later it __3__ as if he is trying to __4__ it. Or he will fall asleep on the shoulder of the stranger __5__ next to him. __6__ place where unplanned short sleep __7__ is in the lecture hall where a student will start snoring (打鼾)so __8__that the professor has to ask another student to __9__ the sleeper awake. A more embarrassing (尴尬的) situation occurs when a student starts falling into sleep and the __10__ of the head pushes the arm off the __11__, and the movement carries the __12__ of the body along. The student wakes up on the floor with no __13__ of getting there. The worst time to fall asleep is when __14__. Police reports are full of __15__ that occur when people fall into sleep and go __16__ the road. If the drivers are __17__, they are not seriously hurt. One woman's car, __18__ , went into the river. She woke up in four feet of __19__ and thought it was raining. When people are really __20__, nothing will stop them from falling asleep—no matter where they are.
很多时候人们疲惫了就会打瞌睡,当睡意来袭时不论身在何处都会很快入眠。例如乘车时、听讲座时,甚至开车时,人们都会因疲惫而睡着。
1.A.way B.track
C.path D.road
答案:A。由下文的in the evenings可知是“在下班回家的路上”,用on the way home from work表示。
2.A.buying B.folding
C.delivering D.reading
答案:D。由上文的on the bus or train可知是在车上“读”报。buy买;fold折叠;deliver递送。
3.A.acts B.shows
C.appears D.sounds
答案:C。由下文的he is trying to________ it 可知此处是“看起来”好像。由此可知C项正确。
4.A.open B.eat
C.find D.finish
答案:B。坐车打瞌睡时会不停地点头,看起来像“吃”报纸。
5.A.lying B.waiting
C.talking D.sitting
答案:D。句意:或者他会靠在坐在他旁边的陌生人的肩上睡觉。lie躺;wait等待;talk谈话;sit坐。
6.A.Next B.Every
C.Another D.One
答案:C。上文介绍的是在车上,此处再介绍“另一个”地方,故用another。
7.A.goes on B.ends up
C.lasts D.returns
答案:A。go on发生,进行;end up结束;last持续,维持;return归还。
8.A.bravely B.happily
C.loudly D.carelessly
答案:C。学生打鼾声音太“大”,以致教授不得不让另一个同学把他“晃”醒。bravely勇敢地;happily高兴地;loudly大声地;carelessly粗心地。
9.A.leave B.shake
C.keep D.watch
答案:B。见8题解析。
10.A.size B.shape
C.weight D.strength
答案:C。学生开始入睡,头的重量将胳膊推离桌面,同时带动身体的其余部分滑到地板上。size大小;shape形状;weight重量;strength体力。
11.A.cushion B.desk
C.shoulder D.book
答案:B。学生在教室内上课,故选desk。
12.A.action B.position
C.rest D.side
答案:C。由上文中提到的头及胳膊的活动,以及下句The student wakes up on the floor...可知答案为C项。
13.A.memory B.reason
C.question D.purpose
答案:A。因学生睡着了,所以不记得发生的事情,故选memory。
14.A.thinking B.working
C.walking D.driving
答案:D。由下文的the drivers可知D项正确。
15.A.changes B.events
C.ideas D.accidents
答案:D。由下文知此处指发生在路上的“交通事故”。
16.A.up B.off
C.along D.down
答案:B。由上文的people fall into sleep可知车会“驶离”公路。
17.A.lucky B.awake
C.calm D.strong
答案:A。由下文的they are not seriously hurt可知此处应为“如果司机幸运”。
18.A.in time B.at first
C.as usual D.for example
答案:D。此处要举例说明。in time及时;at first首先;as usual像往常一样;for example 例如。
19.A.dust B.water
C.grass D.bush
答案:B。由上句的went into the river可知。
20.A.tired B.drunk
C.lonely D.lazy
答案:A。前后呼应,由文章第一句话可知A项正确。
(二)
(2011·湖北卷)
The young woman entered the pool where an injured dolphin(海豚) was swimming.Despite her fear,she felt strong wearing her new leg.
In her second grade,Maja __1__ her cousin,Jasmina.After Jasmina's death,Maja swore she would honor the little girl by __2__ with a dolphin,an animal that both girls __3__ .“Jasmina never got the chance to do it.”says Maja,now 32,“so I __4__ that someday I'd do it for her.”
In high school,Maja was __5__ about sports.She even planned to become an athlete.__6__,in 1993,during the civil war in her home country,a bomb __7__ her left leg.
After two years' __8__ in the U.S.,Maja received her first artificial (人造的)leg,but __9__ it didn't fit well,walking for Maja was very painful.__10__,she managed to graduate from a local high school.Then after receiving a __11__ from Saint Francis University,she got a job at an insurance firm and __12__ started her own company.
To relax, Maja __13__ often watch the dolphins play at an aquarium (水族馆)near her home.A young dolphin,Winter,who had lost its tail,caught her __14__.One day,Maja happened to see trainers __15__ Winter with a high-tech tail.When they were done,Winter swam freely in the water.Maja was __16__.She managed to find inventors of Winter's tail.Within ten days,she had a new leg which freed her the __17__ that had troubled her for almost 16 years.
Now Maja,was ready to keep her __18__.She went to the aquarium,lowered herself into the pool and held out a hand to Winter,who approached __19__,then swam away.After a few minutes,the dolophin let Maja __20__ its back.Finally,the two began to swim around the pool together.
本文描述了一位失去腿的女人和一位失去尾巴的海豚;相似的困境,让两位走到了一起,也让这位女人实现了先前的诺言:一定要和海豚一起游泳。
1.A.lost B.visited
C.rescued D.left
答案:A。根据本句中的“after Jasmina's death”可以断定Maja是失去了Jasmina,故选A:失去。
2.A.talking B.living21世纪教育网
C.swimming D.surfing
答案:C。从第一段中的提示句“enter the pool”可以推断出:Maja跳进水池就是为了和海豚一起游泳。正好与“an injured dophin was swimming”以及文章最后一句话都保持语境的一致。
3.A.adored B.adopted
C.possessed D.purchased
答案:A。根据下文的故事情节,尤其是Maja与海豚的相同的境遇,会有跟好的互相爱怜,故选A:喜爱。而其它选项则与语境相差太远。
4.A.pretended B.decided
C.perferred D.agreed
答案:B。根据文章的第一段的语境,可以断定本句中的it以及上句中的it指的都是“与海豚一起游泳”一事,而根据最后一段的描述,可以清楚:Maja是早有决心去做这件事的,故选:decide“决定”。
5.A.positive B.enthusiastic
C.particular D.curious
答案:B。be enthusiastic about sth.是指:对某事有激情,热情。而根据下句“planned to become an athlete”便可以断定是喜爱体育运动。
6.A.Undoubtedly B.Surprisingly
C.Strangely D.Unfortunately
答案:D。从下文中的信息词:civil war以及artificial leg自然给人不幸的预感。而答案D:“不幸的是”。
7.A.took away B.took over
C.cut down D.cut out
答案:A。take away 意为“夺走,抢走”;而take over接管; cut down 砍倒:cut out剪下来。根据语境, 炸弹夺走了她的左腿。
8.A.study B.operation
C.treatment D.experiment
答案:C。从“two years”一词的信息提示,排除B“手术”;对于失去腿的Maja来说,只有在医院“治疗”treatment才是最合当时的语境的。
9.A.until B.because
C.although D.if
答案:B。本句前后的信息自然表示出了因果的关系:假腿不合适,所以才会感到痛苦。
10.A.Otherwise B.Therefore
C.Besides D.However
答案:D。根据本句中的“manage ”一词可以断定痛苦没有阻碍Maja的学业,故具有转折的关系。
11.A.scholarship B.degree
C.prize D.notice
答案:B。根据下文找到了工作,排除A:奖学金;因为只有拿到学位,从大学毕业,才会去找到自己想要的工作。
12.A.gradually B.actually
C.eventually D.naturally
答案:C。gradually慢慢地;actually事实上;eventually最后;naturally自然地。本句话虽然短暂,但却概况了Maja奋斗与成功的生活历程,即:开始于最后的变化。故选eventually。
13.A.might B.should
C.could D.would
答案:D。英语中表达“过去常常做某事”常用would,意为:总会。
14.A.eye B.leg
C.nose D.hand
答案:A。catch one's eye同catch one's attention,意为:引起某人的注意。与“often”一词保持语境的一致。
15.A.decorating B.guiding
C.marking D.fitting
答案:D。fit在本句中有“安装”之意,即:给Winter安装了高科技的尾巴。
16.A.inspired B.puzzled
C.shocked D.amused
答案:A。根据下文中的信息:Maja去找这种高科技尾巴的发明者,自然是因为Winter的尾巴而得到了启发,故选A“启发,鼓励”。
17.A.worry B.sadness
C.pain D.fear
答案:C。根据第四段地“walking for Maja was painful”可以断定,现在有了新的腿,她不再那么痛苦了。
18.A.appointment B.promise
C.record D.habit
答案:B。keep one's promise意为“遵守诺言”;这与上文的“I'll do it for her”语境一致。
19.A.blindly B.angrily
C.gratefully D.cautiously
答案:D。从 “then swam away”一词可以推段出:海豚还是比较警惕的,故选D:警惕地。
20.A.strike B.cover
C.touch D.wipe
答案:C。根据最后的的情景可以理解为:Maja与海豚慢慢地走进了,故“触摸”一下海豚的背部是可以的,故选C“触摸,触动”。
(三)
(2011·四川卷)
I truly feel that my mother led me here,to Morzaine,and to my future as a happy wife and businesswoman. When Mum __1__ in October 2007, I was a cook. In December that year, while I was working for a wedding, a pearl necklace Mum had left me __2__. I was distraught(忧心如焚的). Some days later, I was __3__ that a guy who was working with us that day, “could probably have made a fortune __4__ the necklace he found.”__5__, he returned it. Hearing how I'd __6__ Mum for six months before her death, he said,“Christmas is going to be __7__—why not go out to the Alps for a couple of weeks?”
I came to Morzaine, a small, friendly village in the Alps and __8__ fell in love with it. What was __9__ to be a stopgap (权宜之计) trip turned into a new life. I kept travelling between London and here and felt __10__ than I had in months. In December 2008, I was __11__ as a hotel manager and moved here full time.
A month later, I met Paul, who was travelling here. We fell in love. In the beginning, I didn't want to discuss __12__, because the sadness of losing Mum __13__ felt great. Paul understood that and never __14__ me but, by summer, we got married. A year later, we used his saving, and the money from the sale of Mum's house, to build our own __15__.
We want to give our guests a __16__ feel, so each room is themed(以……为主题) around memories from our lives. There are also styles to remind me of Mum—a tiny chair which __17__ be in her bedroom is set in one room.
We are having a wonderful life and Mum __18__ naturally part of it, __19__ there's no way we would be here if it wasn't for the __20__ she gave me. I know she's here in spirit, keeping an eye on us.
妈妈去世了,她给我留下的珍珠项链不见了。幸运的是,这根项链的失主与发现者最终喜结良缘。
1.A.died B.came
C.returned D.visited
答案:A。在下文中提到了“before her death”可以找到信息,即妈妈去世了。
2.A.burned B.disappeared
C.broke D.dropped
答案:B。在下文中有“the necklace he found”一句话,可以断定这根项链曾是不见了,或丢了。而选项D表示:掉在地上,而不表示丢失之意。
3.A.shown B.comforted
C.persuaded D.told
答案:D。I was told表示有人告诉我,是被动的关系。而答案C意为:说服。
4.A.hiding B.stealing
C.selling D.wearing
答案:C。make a fortune ( in )doing sth.表示做某事发了大财。在本句中表示:卖了项链能够发大财。
5.A.Luckily B.Naturally
C.Surely D.Hopefully
答案:A。既然return,对于失主来说自然是件幸运的事情。副词:luckily常用来做插入语,表示:幸运的是。
6.A.nursed B.cured
C.missed D.guarded
答案:A。nurse在这里为动词,同 take care of,意为:照顾,护理。
7.A.long B.hard
C.merry D.free
答案:B。根据妈妈去世这个背景,圣诞节是个家人团圆的日子,故此时会格外难过,因此选B。
8.A.suddenly B.finally
C.nearly D.immediately
答案:D。从上文对于这个小村子的描述来看,作者是立刻会喜欢上的。选项D:立刻地。
9.A.said B.proved
C.supposed D.judged
答案:C。be supposed to do sth.意为: 原本做某事,在本句中意为:原本只是个计划的小旅程。
10.A.smarter B.higher
C.firmer D.lighter
答案:D。由于妈妈的去世,作者的感受是沉重的,而这次旅行让她感受到比以前轻松的感觉。light常用来表示轻松的心情。
11.A.honoured B.hired
C.regarded D.trained
答案:B。从“as a hotel manager”细节可以断定是:被招聘,被雇佣。
12.A.travel B.business
C.children D.marriage
答案:D。根据下文的语境,尤其是“but...we got married”一句话可以给以提示,即:谈婚论嫁。marriage是marry的名词形式:婚姻。
13.A.recently B.once
C.still D.firstly
答案:C。still一词表示作者的沉痛心情依旧在,依旧没有摆脱。与上文的不想谈婚论嫁保持语境的一致。
14.A.left B.pushed
C.surprised D.interrupted
答案:B。push sb.常用来表示:催促某人。即:保罗非常理解我,因此没有催促我结婚。
15.A.hotel B.restaurant
C.home D.shop
答案:A。根据上文提到的“as a hotel manager”可以断定,此处是开起了自己的旅馆。
16.A.homely B.lively
C.motherly D.friendly
答案:A。从下文的“...styles to remind me of my Mum”等这些细节可以推测出作者想把一个旅馆摆设成家的样子,让顾客有一种家的感觉。而homely为形容词:家一样的。
17.A.ought to B.used to
C.might D.could
答案:B。既然妈妈都已经去世了,她做过的椅子应该是过去是在她的房间里的,选项B表示过去曾发生的事情。
18.A.takes B.keeps
C.looks D.feels
答案:D。看到妈妈的椅子,就如同感觉到妈妈也在,也是这个家的一部分,故选D:表示感受,感觉。
19.A.unless B.while
C.because D.though
答案:C。if it wasn't for sth.意为:如果不是因为某事,由此可见,前后信息句之间存在因果关系,因为那条项链正是促成两人婚姻的桥梁,故选C,表示原因。
20.A.money B.chair
C.house D.necklace
答案:D。正是因为上文提到的丢失项链,找到项链,并由此有了联姻,因此此处选择项链是最合适的。
(四)
(2011·新课标卷)
In our discussion with people on how education can help them succeed in life, a woman remembered the first meeting of an introductory __1__ course about 20 years ago.
The professor __2__ the lecture hall, placed upon his desk a large jar filled with dried beans (豆), and invited the students to __3__ how many beans the jar contained. After __4__ shouts of wildly wrong guesses the professor smiled a thin, dry smile, announced the __5__ answer, and went on saying, “You have just __6__ an important lesson about science. That is:Never __7__ your own senses.”
Twenty years later, the __8__ could guess what the professor had in mind. He __9__ himself, perhaps, as inviting his students to start an exciting __10__ into an unknown world invisible (无形的) to the __11__, which can be discovered only through scientific __12__. But the seventeen-year-old girl could not accept or even __13__ the invitation. She was just __14__ to understand the world. And she __15__ that her firsthand experience could be the __16__. The professor, however, said that it was __17__. He was taking away her only __18__ for knowing and was providing her with no subsitute (替代). “I remember feeling small and __19__,” the woman says, “and I did the only thing I could do. I __20__ the course that afternoon, and I haven't gone near science since.”
本文通过一节科学课,向人们显示了教育是如何帮助人们成功的,并且这堂课向学生显示了人们不能凭感觉做事,对于一些无形的东西,只能通过科学方法才能发现。
1.A.art B.history
C.science D.math
答案:C。从第二段第6空后可知,此处应填science。science course科学课。
2.A.searched for B.looked at
C.got through D.marched into
答案:D。教授走进演讲大厅。search for寻找;look at看; get through完成,打通;march into走进。根据句意D项正确。
3.A.count B.guess
C.report D.watch
答案:B。教授让学生们猜猜缸里有多少豆子。count数;guess猜;report报告;watch看,观看,因为豆子装在缸里,同学们只有猜一下有多少。并且4空后出现了guess一词。
4.A.warning B.giving
C.turning away D.listening to
答案:D。根据上下文意思可知,同学们喊出答案,教授听到他们错误的猜测,而笑了。
5.A.ready B.possible
C.correct D.difficult
答案:C。因同学们的答案错误,所以教授给出正确答案,correct与wrong相对。
6.A.learned B.prepared
C.taught D.taken
答案:A。你们学到了关于科学的重要一课。learn...about...学会关于……的知识。prepare准备;teach 教;take拿走。
7.A.lose B.trust
C.sharpen D.show
答案:B。根据上文可知,同学们凭感觉给出了错误的答案,所以教授说:永远不要相信自己的感觉。lose失去;trust相信;sharpen变锋利;show显示。
8.A.lecturer B.scientist
C.speaker D.woman
答案:C。此处指上文提到the woman,也就是指说上面的人,因此填speaker。
9.A.described B.respected
C.saw D.served
答案:C。describe描述;respect尊敬;see看见;serve服务。当他鼓励他的学生对未知世界进行有趣的航行时,他自己看到了。
10.A.voyage B.movement
C.change D.rush
答案:A。voyage航行;movement运动;change改变;rush冲刺。根据9空解析,A项正确。
11.A.professor B.eye
C.knowledge D.light
答案:B。未知世界对人眼来说是无形的,故B项正确。
12.A.model B.senses
C.spirit D.methods
答案:D。未知世界只有通过科学方法才能发现。model模型;sense感官,感觉;spirit精神;method方法。
13.A.hear B.make
C.present D.refuse
答案:A。17岁的女孩不能接受,甚至也不听他的激励。hear听;make成为;present呈现;refuse拒绝。
14.A.suggesting B.beginning
C.pretending D.waiting
答案:B。对于一个17岁的女孩来说,她只是刚刚开始理解这个世界。begin to do sth.开始干某事。
15.A.believed B.doubted
C.proved D.explained
答案:A。她相信她的第一手经验就是对的。 believe相信;double怀疑;prove证明;explain解释。
16.A.growth B.strength
C.faith D.truth
答案:D。growth成长;strength力气;faith信仰;truth正确。根据15题的解释D项正确。
17.A.firm B.interesting
C.wrong D.acceptable
答案:C。由however可知此处表转折,尽管她认为她的想法是对的,但是教授认为她的想法是不对的。firm坚定的;interesting有趣的;wrong错误的;acceptable可接受的。
18.A.task B.tool
C.success D.connection
答案:B。从上文可知这个小女孩凭经验,凭感觉来了解世界,而教授认为不对,因此教授把她了解世界的途径、工具拿走了。
19.A.cruel B.proud
C.frightened D.brave
答案:C。根据下文可知,这个女孩再也没有听教授上课,表示教授的做法和观点使得她害怕了。cruel残酷的;proud自豪的;frightened害怕的;brave勇敢的。
20.A.dropped B.started
C.passed D.missed
答案:A。因为害怕,所以下午就没来上课。drop在此表示“辍学”。miss“错过”。
(五)
(2011·山东卷)
I first went to hear a live rock concert when I was eight years old. My brother and his friends were all__1__ of a heavy metal group called Black Wednesday. When they __2__ that Black Wednesday were going to perform at our local theatre, they all bought __3__ for the performance. However, at the last minute, one of the friends couldn't go, so my brother __4__ me the ticket. I was really __5__!
I remember the buzz (嘈杂声) of excitement inside the theatre as we all found our __6__. After a few minutes, the lights went down and everybody became __7__. I could barely make out the stage in the __8__. We waited. Then there was a roar from the crowd, like an explosion, as the first members of the band __9__ the stage. My brother leaned over and shouted something in my ear, but I couldn't __10__ what he was saying. The first song was already starting and the music was as __11__as a jet engine. I could __12__ the drum beats and the bass notes in my stomach.
I can't recall any of the songs that the band played. I just __13__ that I really enjoyed the show and didn't want it to __14__. But in the end, after three encores (加演), the show finished. We left the __15__ and walked unsteadily out onto the pavement. I felt a little dizzy, as if I had just __16__ from a long sleep. My ears were still __17__ with the beat of the last song.
After the __18__, I became a Black Wednesday fan too for a few years before getting into other kinds of music. Once in a while, __19__, I listen to one of their songs and __20__ I'm back at that first show.
本文讲述了作者第一次去听“黑色星期三”的音乐会,这次音乐会给自己带来的震撼,并且自己也成为了他们的歌迷。
1.A.members B.friends
C.fans D.volunteers
答案:C。根据短文最后一段第18空之后的文字可知,此处应填fans。我哥哥和他的朋友都是“黑色星期三”的歌迷。
2.A.guessed B.discovered
C.thought D.predicted
答案:B。由下文可知,他们买票去听“黑色星期三”乐队的音乐会,证明他们已发现乐队要来。
3.A.flowers B.drinks
C.clothes D.tickets
答案:D。因为要看“黑色星期三”的演出,所以他们必须买票,故D项正确。
4.A.booked B.offered
C.returned D.found
答案:B。因为我哥哥的一个朋友不能去看演出,因此哥哥把票给了我。book订(票);offer提供;return归还;find发现。
5. A. relaxed B. embarrassed
C. excited D. encouraged
答案:C。根据下一段中的excitement可知,此处应填excited。因为我第一次去看“黑色星期三”的演出,我非常兴奋。
6. A. seats B. entrance
C. spots D. space
答案:A。我记着我们都找到座位时,剧院里兴奋的嘈杂声。seat座位;entrance入口; spot点;space空间。
7. A. comfortable B. quiet
C. serious D. nervous
答案:B。几分钟后,灯灭了,大家都安静下来。become quiet 变得安静,符合题意。comfortable舒服的;serious严肃的;nervous紧张的。
8. A. silence B. noise
C. darkness D. smoke
答案:C。在黑暗中几乎看不到舞台。in the darkness在黑暗中。
9. A.fell upon B.got through
C.broke into D.stepped onto
答案:D。当第一批成员走上舞台时,像爆炸一样,人群中发出了吼声。fall upon猛烈进攻,袭击;get through通过,用完,用光;break into 破门而入;step onto走上,踏上,符合题意。
10. A.forget B.hear
C.repeat D.bear
答案:B。我哥哥向我靠来,在我耳边喊叫着,但我听不清他说的话。hear听见,符合题意。forget忘记;repeat重复;bear承担,忍受。
11. A.loud B.hard
C. sweet D.fast
答案:A。音乐会开始了,音乐声就像喷气式飞机的声音一样大。因为本乐队是一重金属乐队,所以声音很大,故A项正确。
12.A.feel B.touch
C.enjoy D.digest
答案:A。我能感觉到鼓的敲击。
13.A.realize B.understand
C.believe D.remember
答案:D。与recall相对应的词应是remember。句意:我只是记得我非常喜欢这次演出。
14.A.continue B.delay
C.finish D.change
答案:C。由下一句的the show finished可知,此处应填finish。我不想要演出结束。
15.A.party B.theatre
C.opera D.stage
答案:B。由短文第一段第三句话可知,此处应填theatre。我们离开了剧院。
16.A.escaped B.traveled
C.benefited D.woken
答案:D。我感到有点晕,好像刚刚从长长的睡眠中醒来一样。escape逃跑;travel旅游;benefit受益;wake醒来,符合题意。
17.A.aching B.burning
C.ringing D.rolling
答案:C。最后一首歌的节奏还在耳朵里回响。ring与with连用,意为“回响,响彻”。
18.A.competition B.performance
C.interview D.celebration
答案:B。competition比赛;performance表演,演出;interview采访;celebration庆祝,根据第一段第三句话可知B项正确。
19.A.though B.otherwise
C.instead D.besides
答案:A。though尽管;otherwise否则;instead代替;besides除此之外。once in a while偶尔;尽管我有时去听他们的歌,但我想我还是力挺第一次演出。
20.A.decide B.regret
C.conclude D.imagine
答案:D。decide断定;regret后悔;conclude总结,得出结论;imagine认为,想像。根据19题的解析,D项正确。
(六)
(2011·江苏卷)
A boy was walking home from school when he saw a large, tempting (诱人的)apple on one of the branches of an apple tree hanging out over a tall fence. The boy wasn't much of a fruit-eater,__1__a bar of chocolate if given the choice,__2__, as they say, the forbidden fruit can be tempting. Seeing the apple, the boy wanted it. The more he looked at it, the__3__he felt and the more he wanted that apple.
He stood on tiptoe(脚尖),__4__as high as he could, but even at his tallest__5__he was unable to touch it. He began to__6__up and down, as high as he could, at the__7__of each jump stretching his arms to get the apple. Still it remained out of__8__.
Not giving up, he thought, if only he had something to__9__on. His school bag wouldn't give enough height and he didn't want to__10__the things inside, like his lunch box, pencil case, and Gameboy. Looking__11__, he hoped he might find an old box, a rock, or,__12__luck, even a ladder, but it was a tidy neighbourhood and there was nothing he could use.
He had tried everything he could think to do.__13__seeing any other choices, he gave up and started to walk__14__. At first he felt angry and disappointed thinking about how hungry he had become from his __15__, and how he really wanted that apple. The more he__16__like this, the more unhappy he became.
__17__,the boy of our story was a pretty smart guy,even if he couldn't always get what he wanted. He started to say to himself. “This isn't__18__. I don't have the apple and I'm feeling miserable as well.There's__19__more I can do to get the apple—that is unchangeable—but we are supposed to be able to__20__our feelings. If that's the case, what can I do to feel better?”
本文通过一个小男孩想摘苹果的故事说明了一个道理:不以物喜,不以己悲。无论面对失败还是成功,都要保持一种豁达淡然的心态。本文小主人公也作了反思:何必因想得到却得不到的东西而悲伤呢?
1.A.preferring B.offering
C.receiving D.allowing
答案:A。句意:这个男孩不太喜欢吃水果,如果让他选择的话,他更喜欢一块巧克力,但是正如人们说的,越是得不到的东西越想得到。prefer更喜欢;offer提供,出价;receive收到;allow允许。
2.A.so B.then
C.but D.or
答案:C。由第1小题的解析可知,此处为转折关系,故选but。
3.A.sadder B.angrier
C.hungrier D.tastier
答案:C。他想摘到苹果,所以越看它就感到越想吃并且越想摘。此处表示人的一种心理作用。sad悲伤的;angry 生气的;hungry饿的,想吃的;tasty可口的。
4.A.expanding B.stretching
C.swinging D.pulling
答案:B。句意:他踮起脚尖,尽可能高地伸展腰身,但是甚至腰身拉长到最高高度时他还是够不着。expand膨胀,扩大;stretch拉长,伸展,伸长;swing摆动,摇荡;pull拖,拉,拽。
5.A.strength B.length
C.range D.height
答案:D。由第4小题的解析可知,到了最高高度还是够不着。strength力气,优点;length长度;range山脉,范围;height高度。
6.A.jump B.look
C.walk D.glance
答案:A。由于够不着,所以只得尽可能高地往上跳。jump跳,蹦;look看;walk走路;glance瞥。由语境知选A项。
7.A.tip B.stage
C.top D.level
答案:C。伸出胳膊去够苹果的话,最佳时机是跳得最高的时候,故选top“顶端”。at the top of...为固定短语,意为“在……的顶端”。tip尖,尖端;stage时期,阶段,舞台;level水平,水准。
8.A.hope B.hand
C.sight D.reach
答案:D。努力了,但仍然够不着苹果。out of reach“够不着”,符合文意。
9.A.put B.stand
C.get D.hold
答案:B。由于够不着苹果,小男孩希望有什么东西可以站上去(以增加高度)。由语境知只有B项合适。
10.A.break B.shake
C.take D.strike
答案:A。他不想踩在书上。一方面因为书包不够高,另一方面也是因为他不想弄坏里面的东西。break弄坏,弄碎;shake摇晃,颤抖,哆嗦;take带走;strike打,袭击,敲响,罢工。
11.A.up B.forward
C.down D.around
答案:D。要想找到可踩在上面的东西应该是环顾四周,故选D。
12.A.for B.with
C.on D.of
答案:B。他希望能幸运地找到一架梯子。with luck为固定搭配,意为“幸运地,有幸”。
13.A.After B.Through
C.Without D.Upon
答案:C。句意:没有看见任何可踩的东西,他放弃了,要离开。由句意知选C项。
14.A.back B.away
C.up D.down
答案:B。由第13小题的解析知选B项。walk back走回去;walk away走开;walk up向上走;walk down向下走。
15.A.wishes B.beliefs
C.efforts D.goals
答案:C。因穷折腾了一阵而饿了,又是那么想摘到苹果,一想起这些,开始的时候他很生气,也很失望。由语境可知只有efforts(努力)符合文意。wish希望;belief信念,信仰;goal目标。
16.A.thought B.imagined
C.tried D.claimed
答案:A。他越这样想就越不高兴。think想;imagine想像,设想;try努力,尝试;claim声明,认领。
17.A.Therefore B.However
C.Moreover D.Otherwise
答案:B。虽然很生气,但小男孩却作了反思。故事叙述至此进行了转折,此处应填表示转折关系的词,故选B项。therefore因此;however但是;moreover此外,而且;otherwise否则,要不然。[来源:21世纪教育网]
18.A.skilful B.cheerful
C.harmful D.helpful
答案:D。俗话说:牛奶撒了,哭也无用。生气是无济于事的。skilful熟练的,技术好的;cheerful兴高采烈的;harmful有害的;helpful 有帮助的。
19.A.something B.anything
C.everything D.nothing
答案:D。没有什么方法可以摘到苹果了,这已是不变的事实。不过,我们应该能够改变自己内心的感受(即别去生气了)。由此知选D项。
20.A.change B.express
C.forget D.describe
答案:A。由第19题的解析可知选change(改变)。express表达;forget忘记;describe描述。
(七)
(2011·天津卷)
A Love Note to My Mom
When I was a little girl, I would often accompany you as you modeled for fashion photographers.It was years later that I finally understood what role modeling __1__in your life.Little did I know you were__2__every penny you earned to go to __3__school.
I cannot thank you enough for__4__you told me one autumn afternoon when I was nine.After finishing my homework, I wandered into the dining room where you were buried __5__piles of law books.I was __6__.Why were you doing what I do—memorizing textbooks and studying for__7__?When you said you were in law school, I was more puzzled.I didn't know Moms __8__ be lawyers too.You smiled and said.“In life,you can do anything you want to do.”
As young as I was,that statement kept__9__in my ears.I watched as you faced the __10__ of completing your studies,starting companies with Dad, while still being a __11__ and a Mom of five kids.I was exhausted just watching you __12__.With your words of wisdom in my__13__ mind,I suddenly felt unlimited freedom to dream.My whole world __14__.I set out to live my life filled with __15__,seeing endless possibilities for personal and professional achievements.
Your words became my motto.I__16__ found myself in the unique position of being either the first (woman doctor in Maryland Rotary)__17__ one of the few women (chief medical reporters) in my field.I gained strength every time I said,“Yes,I'll try that.”
Encouraged by your __18__,I have forged ahead (毅然前行) with my life's journey, less afraid to make mistakes,and __19__ meeting each challenge.You did it,and now I'm __20__ it.Sorry,got to run.So much to do,so many dreams to live.
我九岁的时候,发现妈妈刻苦学习法律书籍而成为一名律师,妈妈还同时作着模特,与父亲一起开办公司,还是五个孩子的母亲。妈妈的这一切努力深深地影响了我,使我能够勇敢地面对每一个挑战,并且使我觉得生活中到处充满了希望。
1.A.found B.played
C.kept D.provided
答案:B。play a role in 在……中起作用;在……中扮演角色。该题考查段意的变式运用。句意为:直到多年后我才弄明白做模特在您的生活中起着什么作用。
2.A.saving B.making
C.donating D.receiving
答案:A。本题考查动词短语的辨析。save every penny 节约每一分钱;make every penny挣每一分钱。由后面的定语从句you earned可知A项正确。donate捐献; receive收到。句意为:我几乎不知道你是在节约每一分你所挣的钱以便于能够去学习法律。
3.A.business B.fashion
C.law D.medical
答案:C。由下文的When you said you were in law school可知C项正确。
4.A.what B.that
C.which D.where
答案:A。本题考查名词性从句。what 引导宾语从句并在从句中作动词told的宾语。句意为:我无法感谢您在我九岁那年秋天的一个下午对我说的话。
5.A.at B.to
C.upon D.under
答案:D。本题考查短语搭配。be buried under 被埋在……下面。句意为:完成作业后,我走进餐厅,您正在那儿埋头于一大堆法律书当中。
6.A.amused B.worried
C.puzzled D.disappointed
答案:C。本题考查形容词词义辨析。amused 感到好笑的;worried着急的;担心的; puzzled 困惑的;迷惑不解的;disappointed失望的。由下文的问句可知作者对妈妈的学习表示困惑。21世纪教育网
7.A.roles B.tests
C.positions D.shows
答案:B。由于作者当时还是个九岁的小女孩,因此,她学习是为了考试,因此,她认为妈妈的学习也是为了考试。句意为:您为什么在做我要做的事呢?背诵课本并且还要参加考试?
8.A.must B.ought to
C.need D.could
答案:D。本题考查情态动词的用法。could 能够,表示人的能力;must 必须;一定;ought to应当;应该; need需要。句意为:我不知道妈妈们也能做律师。
9.A.ringing B.blowing
C.falling D.beating
答案:A。本题考查动词短语搭配。ring in one's ears在某人耳边回响。句意为:在我小的时候,那句话(在一生中,你可以做你想做的任何事。)一直回响在我耳边。
10.A.choices B.chances
C.challenges D.changes
答案:C。face the challenge of面对……挑战。
11.A.professor B.doctor
C.reporter D.model
答案:D。文章开始部分就点出了作者的妈妈是一名时装模特。句意为:当您面对完成学业的挑战,和父亲开办公司,继续作模特,同时还是五个孩子的妈妈(这一切我都在看着)。
12.A.in danger B.in action
C.in trouble D.in charge
答案:B。本题考查介词短语的辨析。in danger 处于危险中; in action在活动中;在运转; in trouble处于困境中;有麻烦; in charge负责;掌管。句意为:只是看您在忙碌就使我疲惫不堪。
13.A.weak B.powerful
C.youthful D.empty
答案:C。本题考查形容词词义的辨析。weak虚弱的; powerful 强有力的;youthful 年轻的;empty空的。本文主要讲述了妈妈的言行对小时候我的影响,故C项正确。句意为:您睿智的话语印在我年轻的心灵当中,我突然感到了通往梦想的无限自由。
14.A.came back B.closed down
C.went by D.opened up
答案:D。本题考查动词短语辨析。come back回来; close down 倒闭;go by 过去;经过;open up打开。句意为:我的世界打开了。
15.A.hope B.hardship
C.harmony D.sadness
答案:A。本题考查名词词义的辨析。hope希望; hardship 困难; harmony 和谐;sadness悲哀。由状语从句的内容可知,作者的生活充满了希望。句意为:我开始了我充满梦想的生活,看到了我个人和事业的无尽的机会。
16.A.constantly B.shortly
C.hardly D.nearly
答案:A。本题考查副词词义的辨析。constantly 始终;一直;shortly 不久;立刻;hardly几乎不; nearly 将近;几乎。联系全文内容可知A项正确。
17.A.and B.but
C.or D.for
答案:C。本题考查either...or...的搭配形式。
18.A.description B.statement
C.praise D.introduction
答案:B。本题考查名词词义的辨析。description 描述;statement 陈述;表明;praise表扬; introduction介绍。由9题前的that statement可知B项正确。句意为:由于受到您的立场的鼓励,我在人生的旅途中毅然前行……
19.A.secretly B.curiously
C.carelessly D.eagerly
答案:D。本题考查副词词义的辨析。secretly 悄悄地;秘密地;curiously好奇地; carelessly 粗心地;eagerly热切地。句意为:由于受到您的立场的鼓励,我在人生的旅途中毅然前行,不再害怕犯错误,并能热切地迎接每一个挑战。
20.A.doing B.considering
C.correcting D.reading
答案:A。您过去是那样做的,现在我也正这样做着。
(八)
(2011·浙江卷)
Although I love my life, it hasn't been a lot of fun as I've been ill for 28 years.
Music has always been a great love of mine and, in my 20s, when my __1__ was more manageable, I __2__ ten years as a professional singer in restaurants, playing and singing folk songs. __3__ that was years ago and times have changed. __4__ I live with my mother on a country farm.
Two years ago, I decided that I would need to have some kind of extra work to __5__ my disability pension (残疾抚恤金).__6__ I needed to sleep in the afternoons, I was limited in my___7__. I decided that I would consider __8__ to singing in restaurants.
My family are all musicians, so I was __9__ when I went into our local music store. I explained that I wanted to sing again but using recorded karaoke music. I knew that discs were very expensive and I really didn't have a lot of __10__ to get started. And __11__ you find only three to four songs out of ten on a disc that you can __12__ use.
When I told the owner of the shop about my __13__, he gave me a long, thoughtful __14__. “This means a lot to you, doesn't it?” he said. “Come with me.”
He led me __15__ the crowded shop and to a bench with a large professional karaoke box on it. He placed his large hand __16__ on his treasure and said. “I have 800 karaoke songs in here. You can take your __17__ and I'll record them for you. That should get you started.”
I __18__. Thanking him, I made a time with him to listen to all the songs and choose __19__ that I could sing. I have come full circle with his help.
His __20__ still warms my heart and makes me do just that bit extra, when I have the chance.
本文是故事类。作者尽管疾病缠身,依然热爱生活,努力享受音乐人生。自己资金短缺,后经一位好心的音乐器材店老板的帮助,终于心想事成。
1.A.loneliness B.sadness
C.tiredness D.sickness
答案:D。由第一句话中I've been ill for 28 years可知此处用sickness“疾病”。 loneliness孤独;sadness 悲伤; tiredness疲倦。
2.A.set B.enjoyed
C.kept D.shared
答案:B。文章说:当我的病情能更好的控制住时,我在一家饭店享有(enjoy)了10年的专业歌手生涯。set 确定; kept 保持;shared分享,不合题意。
3.A.Gladly B.Eventually
C.Unfortunately D.Surprisingly
答案:C。由后文I live with mother on a country farm 可知,作者喜欢的音乐生活成为过去,这自然是令人遗憾的事。gladly 高兴地;eventually 最终,终于; unfortunately令人遗憾的是,不幸的是; surprisingly令人吃惊的是。C项符合语境。
4.A.Now B.Then
C.Sometime D.Meanwhile
答案:A。由后文I live with mother on a country farm 的一般现在时态可知,此处用时间副词now “现在”。 排除then 那时; sometime在某时;meanwhile同时。
5.A.add up to B.make up for
C.get rid of D.take advantage of
答案:B。根据上下文可知,作者决定再做点事填补(make up for)她的残疾抚恤金。add up to 共计达;make up for补偿,填补 ;弥补;get rid of 摆脱;take advantage of趁机利用。显然B项符合题意。
6.A.If B.As
C.Though D.Before
答案:B。作者因为(as)自身状况下午得睡觉休息,所以自己的选择是受限制的。if 如果; as因为 ;though 尽管; before在……之前。
7.A.movement B.condition
C.choices D.positions
答案:C。作者想做点事,但是身体情况使她选择(choices)受限 。movement运动,活动;condition状况,条件; choice选择;position形式,位置。C项符合语境。
8.A.reaching out B.living up
C.getting on D.going back
答案:D。前文提到过作者在一家饭店享有了10年的专业歌手生涯,结合本句中to singing in restaurants可知,作者打算再回(going back)饭店唱歌。reach out 伸出; live up快乐生活;get on进展 ;出人头地 ; 登(车);上(马) ;go back回到,回去。
9.A.recognized B.interviewed
C.found D.invited
答案:A。根据上下文可知,作者一家人是音乐家,所以她来到当地一家音乐器材店时就被认出了(recognize)。 recognize认出,识别 ; 正式承认;认可 ;interview 面试,采访;find 发现; invite邀请。
10.A.money B.time
C.energy D.knowledge
答案:A。由前句I knew that discs were very expensive(唱片昂贵)可知,作者在此说自己没有多少钱(money)。
11.A.thus B.once
C.seldom D.often
答案:D。而且作者觉得一张唱片常常(often)仅三四张对她来说有实际(actually)用处。thus所以; once 曾经,一旦; seldom 很少; often常常。
12.A.actually B.hardly
C.nearly D.formerly
答案:A。actually实际上,事实上; hardly 几乎不; nearly 几乎 ; formerly以前,从前。根据上下文可知A项正确。
13.A.job B.family
C.idea D.offer
答案:C。作者向店主表明了来意。job工作;family 家,家庭;idea想法,念头; offer提供,提议。C项符合题意。
14.A.face B.view
C.look D.sight
答案:C。作者表明了来意时,店主深思地看了她一会儿。face脸,面部;view视野,视域;look看,脸色;眼神;表情; sight视力;景色。C项正确。
15.A.over B.along
C.towards D.through
答案:D。然后店主领着作者穿过(through)拥挤的商店来到放着一大堆专业卡拉OK 盒子的长凳旁。over在……之上,在正上方 ;(覆盖)在……上面 ; 越过……(带有弧度的事物); along 沿着; towards 朝着; through穿过(空间)。
16.A.unhappily B.lovingly
C.pitifully D.gratefully
答案:B。unhappily 不高兴地;lovingly钟爱地;深情地; pitifully可怜地;gratefully感激地,感谢地。根据上下文可知B项正确。
17.A.pick B.turn
C.role D.step
答案:A。店主告诉作者选出自己最喜欢的歌曲,然后他为她录制。pick选择(权); turn转动,旋转 ; 转向,转弯;折回;次序;顺序;role 角色,作用;step步骤。A项符合语境。
18.A.had to cry B.ought to cry
C.should have cried D.could have cried
答案:D。A不得不哭;B应该哭;C本来应该哭;D可能感动得要哭了。根据语境可知D项正确。
19.A.more B.the ones
C.few D.the rest
答案:B。谢过店主之后,作者听了所有的歌,然后选出了她能唱的那些歌(the ones)。
20.A.courage B.devotion
C.kindness D.trust
答案:C。本文是关于一位残疾人在热心人的帮助下重新开始自己心爱的歌唱事业的情感故事。courage 勇气; devotion 投入;奉献;热忱 ; kindness 好心;善良,亲切;仁慈,友好行为,和蔼 ; trust信任。根据上下文不难看出C项正确。
(九)
(2011·辽宁卷)
This year I decided to do something to regain my good name as a kindly uncle.My __1__, Tony,had never forgiven me for the dictionary I had bought him as a birthday present last year.His__2__ had no reason to be thankful to me either,because the year before,I had __3__ their dear son with a pot of paste (浆糊) and some funny pictures.Instead of__4__ them into a book,Tony had naturally covered every wall in the house with them.This year,__5__, I decided to let him __6__ for himself.
We went into a big shop,but Tony was very particular about __7__.Although I tried to show him toy after toy,he was not to be __8__.Then I saw he suddenly became __9__;he had discovered something he really liked:a large tin drum.I was quite happy too—__10__ I thought what Tony's mother would say when she saw it.Nobody would get any __11__ for weeks!I led Tony away __12__,saying that the drum was too expensive.
Tony asked for permission to go off __13__ and I made the most of my chance to sit down and __14__ my aching feet.Fifteen minutes passed but there was still no sign of Tony.I began to get __15__ and got up to look for him.I asked a young lady if she had seen a little boy in a grey suit.She looked __16__ her helplessly and pointed out that there were so many __17__ in grey suits.I was just going to call the police for help,when I saw a strange __18__ dressed in strange orange clothes.He was wearing a false beard and had a caveman's axe (斧子) in one hand,and a space gun in the other.It was,of course,Tony,who informed me __19__ that he was the first__20__to fly into space.
本文讲述了作者与侄子之间发生的事情,前年给侄子买了一瓶浆糊和一些图片,结果侄子贴的满屋都是。去年给他买了词典,也没得到原谅,今年决定干点赢回名声的事情,结果差点把侄子丢了。
1.A.cousin B.daughter
C.grandson D.nephew
答案:D。由上文的uncle和下文的son可知,此处应填nephew侄子。
2.A.friends B.parents
C.classmates D.brothers21世纪教育网
答案:B。由3空后的their son判断,此处应填parents,父母。
3.A.presented B.annoyed
C.confused D.occupied
答案:A。我给了他们儿子一瓶浆糊和一些图片。present...with...送给某人某物;annoy使烦恼;confuse...with...把……和……混淆;occupy占据。
4.A.entering B.dividing
C.sticking D.drawing
答案:C。他没有把图片贴进书里,而把图片贴的满屋都是。enter进入;divide分开;stick粘贴;draw画。
5.A.anyhow B.though
C.again D.therefore
答案:D。根据上下文的意思,此处表示因果关系。therefore所以,符合题意。anyhow不管什么;though尽管。
6.A.guess B.choose
C.pay D.see
答案:B。上文提到的礼物,侄子都不满意,所以这次决定叫他自己选择。
7.A.sweets B.toys
C.clothes D.books
答案:B。由下文的toy after toy可知,此处填toy。be particular about对……挑剔。
8.A.pleased B.disturbed
C.accepted D.disappointed
答案:A。尽管看了一个又一个玩具,但他都不满意。pleased满意的,高兴的;disturbed不安的,心理不正常的;accept接受;disappointed失望的。
9.A.surprised B.hopeful
C.patient D.excited
答案:D。从下文中我们知道,Tony看到了他喜欢的东西,故他很兴奋。surprised惊讶的;hopeful有希望的;patient耐心的;excited兴奋的。
10.A.after B.until
C.unless D.since
答案:B。看到侄子高兴,自己也高兴,但是想到他母亲的话后,自己不再高兴。也就是高兴到自己想到Tony妈妈说的话为止。
11.A.shock B.trouble
C.peace D.time
答案:C。因为侄子看到的是“鼓”,一但敲起鼓来,人们会不得安宁。shock震惊;trouble麻烦;peace和平,安静,安宁;time时间。
12.A.happily B.eagerly
C.cautiously D.quickly
答案:D。想到这一切,我赶紧带侄子走开。happily高兴地;eagerly急切地;cautiously小心地;quickly快地。
13.A.on his own B.in his way
C.now and then D.more or less
答案:A。由下文的“我趁此机会坐下歇歇脚”可知,Tony要求单独离开。on one's own独自地,单独地;in one's way挡道;now and then不时;more or less或多或少。
14.A.drag B.rest
C.lay D.step
答案:B。drag拖;rest休息,使休息;lay放;step走。坐下歇歇脚,故B项正确。
15.A.ashamed B.angry
C.worried D.doubtful
答案:C。因为15分钟后仍不见侄子的踪影,所以我焦急起来。ashamed害羞的;angry生气的;worried担心的,焦急的;doubtful怀疑的。
16.A.about B.to
C.at D.across
答案:A。她向四周看了看,有那么多穿灰色衣服的孩子。look about/around环顾;look at看。
17.A.young ladies B.new customers
C.loving parents D.small boys
答案:D。由上文的a little boy in a grey suit可知,此处填small boys。
18.A.figure B.actor
C.man D.doll
答案:A。由下文可知,穿奇特的桔黄色衣服的人是我侄子,所以此处不能用actor演员,man男人,doll布娃娃。而figure意为“人物,人形,人影”,符合题意。
19.A.on time B.at once
C.just now D.once again
答案:B。看侄子的打扮,我马上就知道了他是第一个飞向太空的穴居人。on time准时;at once立刻,马上;just now刚才;once again又一次,再一次。
20.A.policeman B.spaceman
C.caveman D.postman
答案:C。由上文的a caveman's axe中的caveman可知,此处C项正确。
(十)
(2011·福建卷)
Diana Velez does everything with maximum effort—and at maximum speed.That __1__learning a new language,completing two certificates and opening a store.
When arriving in Canada in 2008,she had one__2__:to have what she had back home in Colombia.“I didn't want to __3__ what I do,like so many who come to a new country,“she said.“I__4__ to open a store here in Canada but knew I had to __5__myself properly.”
Diana quickly realized that making her dream of shop ownership in Canada a __6__ meant going to school to get the__7__education and certification.“My experience of owning a shop and working as a designer in Colombia gave me __8__ in my abilities,but I couldn't speak the language and I had to __9__how to do things in Canada.It was like having to __10__ all over again,”said Diana.
__11__ she found just the help she needed for her relaunch (重新开张) __12__ continuing education at George Brown College.She began taking __13__ for both the Essential Skills in Fashion Certificate and the Image Consulting Certificate in May 2009.__14__Diana met with the language barrier,she was always going__15__ while at college.
By the end of October 2009,she had completed all certificate requirements. Within two years after her __16__ in Canada,Diana at last achieved her __17__ goal when her new store opened its doors in Toronto's Sheppard Centre.She was on the fast-track to __18__.
Looking back,Diana,a fashion (时装) designer,__19__ her achievements to the goal she set,the education she received from the college,and__20__,the efforts she made.Now Diana is very happy doing what she is doing.
本文讲述了来自哥伦比亚的Diana通过自己的努力,最后克服语言等困难在加拿大获得成功的故事。
1.A.requires B.encourages
C.includes D.advises
答案:C。句意:Diana Velez干任何事情都用最大的努力,用最快的速度。这包括学习一门新语言,完成两个学历证书和开一家商店。require需要,要求;encourage鼓励;include包括……在内;advise建议,劝告。由句意可知C项正确。
2.A.goal B.memory
C.choice D.problem
答案:A。句意:2008年到达加拿大时,她有一个目标:把她拥有的带回哥伦比亚。goal目标;memory 记忆;chioce选择;problem问题。由句意可知A项正确。
3.A.continue B.choose
C.change D.lose
答案:C。句意:她说“我不想像许多来到一个新的国家的人一样改变我做的事。”continue继续;choose选择;change改变;lose失去。由句意可知C正确。
4.A.demanded B.decided
C.agreed D.hesitated
答案:B。句意:我决定在加拿大开家商店,但我知道我自己得好好准备。demand要求;decide决定;agree同意,赞成;hesitate犹豫。由句意可知B项正确。
5.A.teach B.prepare
C.enjoy D.persuade
答案:B。上文中说到“我”要好好准备。teach教;prepare准备;enjoy喜欢,享受;persuade说服。由句意可知B项正确。
6.A.reality B.fact
C.challenge D.wonder
答案:A。句意:Diana很快意识到使她成为加拿大一家店主的梦想成为现实意味着到学校里去获得必要的教育与学历证书。reality现实;fact事实;challenge困难,挑战;wonder奇迹。由句意可知A项正确。
7.A.physical B.private
C.primary D.necessary
答案:D。上文提到她得到学校里去获得必要的教育与学历证书。physical体力的;private私人的;primary原始的,最初的;necessary必要的。由句意可知D项正确。
8.A.pressure B.judgement
C.influence D.confidence
答案:D。句意:我在哥伦比亚拥有一家商店和作设计者的经历给了我在能力方面的信心。pressure 压力;judgement判断;influence影响;confidence信心。由句意可知D项正确。
9.A.put away B.depend on
C.learn about D.look into
答案:C。 句意:但是我不会说法语,我得了解在加拿大怎么做事。put away 把……收好;depend on 依赖,依靠;learn about了解;look into调查。由句意可知C项正确。
10.A.advance B.start
C.suffer D.work
答案:B。句意:这像从头再开始。advance 前进;start开始;suffer受苦;work工作。由句意可知B项正确。
11.A.Naturally B.Gradually
C.Luckily D.Clearly
答案:C。句意:幸运的是,她通过在George Brown大学受教育找到了重新开张所需要的帮助。naturally 自然地;gradually逐渐地;luckily幸运地;clearly清晰地。由句意可知C项正确。
12.A.through B.for
C.before D.with
答案:A。上文提到,她通过在George Brown大学受教育……。through通过;for为了;before在……之前;with带有,伴随。由句意可知A项正确。
13.A.notes B.responsibilities
C.chances D.courses
答案:D。句意:2009年5月,她开始上时尚证书基本技巧与形象咨询证书所需要的课程。note笔记;responsibility责任;chance机会;course课程。由句意可知D项正确。
14.A.Though B.As
C.Since D.Once
答案:A。句意:虽然Diana遇到了语言障碍,但是在上大学时她总是不断努力。though虽然;as当……的时候,虽然(只用倒装语序);since既然,自……以来;once一旦。由句意可知A项正确。
15.A.around B.back
C.ahead D.out
答案:C。上文提到,她上大学时总是不断努力。go ahead不断努力,符合句意。
16.A.adventure B.arrival
C.performance D.journey
答案:B。句意:在她到加拿大两年之后,Diana最后实现了她最初的目标。adventure冒险;arrival到达;performance表现;journey旅行。由句意可知B项正确。
17.A.original B.common
C.another D.distant
答案:A。original 最初的;common常见的;another另一个;distant遥远的。根据句意知Diana最后实现了她最初的目标可知选A项。
18.A.success B.wealth
C.glory D.happiness
答案:A。句意:她快速成功。success成功;wealth财富;glory荣耀,光荣;happiness幸福。由句意可知A项正确。
19.A.adds B.connects
C.devotes D.owes
答案:D。句意:回顾过去,Diana,一个时装设计者,把她的成功归功于她在大学受的教育,最重要的是,她的努力。add增加;connect连接;devote致力于;owe...to把……归功于。由句意可知D项正确。
20.A.after all B.above all
C.at least D.at first
答案:B。上文提到,最重要的是,她把成功归功于她的努力。after all毕竟;above all最重要的是;at least至少;at first首先。由句意可知B项正确。
(十一)
(2011·安徽卷)
When I began planning to move to Auckland to study, my mother was worried about a lack of jobs and cultural differences. Ignoring these __1__, I got there in July 2010. __2__ I arrived, I realized the importances of getting a job __3__ my living expenses. Determined to do this __4__, I spent serveral weeks going door-to-door for a job, but found __5__ response (回应).
One afternoon, I walked into a building to ask __6__ there were any job opportunities (机会). The people there adivsed me not to continue my job search in that __7__. As I was about to __8__, a man who had been listening approached me and asked me to wait outside __9__. Nearly ten minutes later, he __10__. He asked me about my plans and encouraged me to stay __11__. Then he offered me to Royal Oak to __12__ a job.
I was a little surprised, but had a __13__ feeling about him. Along the way, I realized that I had __14__ resumes (简历). Seeing this, the man __15__ at his business partner's office to make me fifteen __16__ copies. He also gave me some __17__ on dressing and speaking. I handed out my resumes and went home feeling very __18__. The following day, I received a __19__ from a store in Royal Oak offering me a job.
It seems that the world always __20__ to you when you need it. And this time, it was a complete stranger who turned out to be a real blessing.
我到奥克兰学习,并想找一份兼职工作。一开始到处碰壁,后来在一位热心的陌生人的帮助下,我终于找到了一份工作。
1. A. doubts B. concerns
C. instructions D. reasons
答案:B。句意:我不管这些顾虑,在2010年七月份到了那儿。doubt怀疑,疑问;concern关心,顾虑;instruction指导,说明;reason原因,理由。
2. A. Even if B. Every time
C. Now that D. Soon after
答案:D。句意:到达后不久,我就意识到了为了生活支出而找一份工作的重要性。A项意为“即使”;B项意为“每次”;C项意为“既然”;D项意为“之后不久”。
3. A. of B. at
C. for D. with
答案:C。句意同上。for表示目的,“为了”。
4. A. on my own B. on my way
C. by any chance D. by the day
答案:A。句意:我决心依靠自己,一家一家的找工作。A项意为“独立地,靠自己”;B项意为“在去……的路上”;C项意为“万一,也许”;D项意为“按日计算,按日”。
5. A. any B. much
C. some D. little
答案:D。句意:……但几乎没有任何回音。little用作表示否定意义的形容词,意为“几乎没有,很少”。
6. A. why B. wherever
C. whether D. whenever
答案:C。句意:我走进一座大楼问是否有工作机会。whether引导宾语从句,意为“是否”。
7. A. direction B. attitude
C. language D. manner
答案:D。句意:那儿的人建议我不要继续以那种方法找工作。direction方向,指导;attitude态度;language语言;manner方式,方法,举止。
8. A. answer B. work
C. leave D. refuse
答案:C。句意:正当我要离开时,……。answer回答;work工作;leave离开;refuse拒绝。
9. A. for ever B. at any time
C. as usual D. for a while
答案:D。句意:一个一直在听我们讲话的人走过来要我在外面等一会儿。A项意为“永远”;B项意为“随时”;C项意为“像平常一样”;D项意为“一会儿”。
10. A. returned B. hesitated
C. passed D. regretted
答案:A。句意:大约十分钟以后,他回来了。return回来;hesitate犹豫;pass经过;regret后悔。
11. A. silent B. busy
C. positive D. comfortable
答案:C。句意:他询问了我的计划,并鼓励我要保持积极心态。silent沉默的;busy忙碌的;positive积极的,有自信的;comfortable舒适的。
12. A. pick out B. search for
C. take on D. give up
答案:B。句意:然后他提出带我到罗亚尔奥克去找工作。A项意为“挑选”;B项意为“寻找”;C项意为“从事”;D项意为“放弃”。结合文章知应是带我去找工作。
13. A. dull B. good
C. guilty D. general
答案:B。句意:我有点吃惊,但我对他有了好感。dull无趣的,阴暗的;guilty罪恶的;general一般的,普遍的。
14. A. made use of B. taken care of
C. run out of D. become tired of
答案:C。句意:在路上,我意识到我的简历用完了。A项意为“利用”;B项意为“照顾”;C项意为“用完,用光”;D项意为“感到厌倦了”。
15. A. stopped B. knocked
C. glanced D. appeared
答案:A。句意:看到这些,他停下来在他的生意伙伴的办公室又为我印了十五份简历。stop停止,停下;knock敲,打击;glance瞥一眼;appear出现。
16. A. right B. more
C. former D. different
答案:B。句意同上。fifteen more=another fifteen另外的十五份。
17. A. pressures B. agreements
C. impressions D. suggestions
答案:D。句意:他还就穿着和说话方面给我提了一些建议。pressure压力;agreement协议,同意;impression印象;suggestion建议。
18. A. lonely B. funny
C. disappointed D. satisfied
答案:D。句意:我投上简历,满意地回家了。lonely孤单的;funny有趣的;disappointed失望的;satisfied满意的。由于陌生人的帮助,我感到很高兴,也很顺利,所以应该是“感到满意的”。
19. A. call B. tip
C. present D. report
答案:A。句意:第二天,我接到来自罗亚尔奥克一家商店的电话,给我提供了一份工作。
20. A. turns off B. goes over
C. gives back D. looks up
答案:C。句意:看来当你需要时,这个世界总是会给你回报的。turn off关掉,切断;go over复习,检查;give back归还,回报;look up查阅,向上看。
(十二)
(2011·北京卷)
I used to hate being called upon in class mainly because I didn't like attention drawn to myself. And __1__ otherwise assigned(指定)a seat by the teacher, I always __2__ to sit at the back of the classroom.
All this __3__ after I joined a sports team. It began when a teacher suggested I try out for the basketball team. At first I thought it was a crazy __4__ because I didn't have a good sense of balance, nor did I have the __5__ to keep pace with the others on the team and they would tease me. But for the teacher who kept insisting on my “ __6__ for it”, I wouldn't have decided to give a try.
Getting up the courage to go to the tryouts was only the __7__ of it! When I first started __8__ the practice sessions, I didn't even know the rules of the game, much __9__ what I was doing. Sometimes I'd get __10__ and take a shot at the wrong direction—which made me feel really stupid. __11__, I wasn't the only one “new” at the game, so I decided to __12__ on learning the game, do my best at each practice session, and not be too hard on myself for the things I didn't __13__ “just yet”.
I practiced and practiced. Soon I knew the __14__ and the “moves”. Being part of a team was fun and motivating. Very soon the competitive __15__ in me was winning over my lack of confidence. With time, I learned how to play and made friends in the __16__—friends who respected my efforts to work hard and be a team player. I never had so much fun!
With my __17__ self-confidence comes more praise from teachers and classmates. I have gone from “__18__” in the back of the classroom and not wanting to call attention to myself, __19__ raising my hand—even when I sometimes wasn't 100 percent __20__ I had the right answer. Now I have more self-confidence in myself.
本文讲述了我由不自信到自信的转变。我原先是一个很不自信的学生,不愿意受到别人的关注,经常选择坐在教室的后面。但是,在老师的鼓励下,我参加了篮球队。在学习打篮球的过程中,我学会了与别人合作,交到了朋友,提高了自信。
1. A. as B. until
C. unless D. though
答案:C。as当……的时候;until直到;unless除非;though尽管。此处表示“除非老师另行指定座位”,unless otherwise除非另……。
2. A. hoped B. agreed
C. meant D. chose
答案:D。否则我总是选择坐在教室的后面。hope to do希望做某事;agree to do同意做某事;mean to do意欲做某事;choose to do 选择做某事,宁愿做某事。
3. A. continued B. changed
C. settled D. started
答案:B。由后文可知,这一切在我加入运动队之后都改变了。
4. A. idea B. plan
C. belief D. saying
答案:A。刚开始我认为加入篮球队是个疯狂的想法。idea主意,想法;plan 计划;belief 信念,信仰;saying谚语。
5. A. right B. chance
C. ability D. patience
答案:C。因为我既没有好的平衡感,也没有在队中与别人并驾齐驱的能力,他们会取笑我。right权利;chance机会;ability 能力;patience耐心。
6. A. going B. looking
C. cheering D. applying
答案:A。要不是坚持让我尝试一下的那个老师的话,我不会决定尝试一下。go for it努力争取;冒险尝试。
7. A. point B. half
C. rest D. basis
答案:B。鼓起勇气去尝试仅仅是这件事的一半,从后文来看还有更困难的事。point 点;half一半;rest 其余的;basis基本,根本。
8. A. enjoying B. preparing
C. attending D. watching
答案:C。当我开始参加练习赛的时候,我不知道比赛规则。enjoy喜欢,享受;prepare准备;attend参加;watch观看。
9. A. less B. later
C. worse D. further
答案:A。我连比赛规则都不知道,更不用说我要做什么了。much less更不用说;much later更晚些;much worse 更糟糕的是;much further更远。
10. A.committed B. motivated
C. embarrassed D. confused
答案:D。有时候我会脑子里很混乱,朝错误的方向投篮——这使我感到很愚蠢。get confused糊涂的,混乱的。
11. A. Interestingly B. Fortunately
C. Obviously D. Hopefully
答案:B。所幸的是,我不是运动队当中唯一一个新手。interestingly 有趣的是;fortunately 幸运的是;obviously很显然;hopefully但愿。
12. A. focus B. act
C. rely D. try
答案:A。因此我决定集中注意力学习这项运动。focus on集中于;act on对……起作用;rely on依赖;try on试穿。
13. A. want B. do
C. support D. know
答案:D。我决定在每一场练习赛当中尽自己最大的努力,对那些我不知道的东西,不要对自己要求过高。want想,想要;do做;support支持;know知道。
14. A. steps B. orders
C. rules D. games
答案:C。不久我知道了运动的规则和招数。step步骤;order命令,订单;rule规则;game运动。rules与第三段的第二句话相对应。
15. A. role B. part
C. mind D. value
答案:B。不久,我内心争强好胜的一面胜过了缺乏信心的部分。role角色,任务,作用;part部分,角色,职责;mind思想;value价值。
16. A.process B. operation
C. movement D. situation
答案:A。随着时间的推移,在这个过程当中我学会了如何打球,并且交上了朋友。process过程;operation经营,运转,手术;movement运动,活动;situation情形。
17. A. expressed B. improved
C. preserved D. recognized
答案:B。我的自信心与日俱增,随之而来的是来自老师和同学的表扬。由前文可知我以前不自信,现在自信,故自信心“有了提高”。expressed表达的;preserved保存的, 蜜饯的, 腌制的;recognized公认的。
18. A.dreaming B. playing
C. relaxing D. hiding
答案:D。由第一段可知,我经常坐在教室后面,不想引起别人的注意,故此处表示“我从一个躲在教室后面、不想引起别人注意的学生变成了一个……”。dream梦想;play玩耍,表演;relax放松;hide躲藏。
19. A. by B. for
C. with D. to
答案:D。从躲在教室后面到主动举起手来。from...to...从……到……。
20. A. lucky B. happy
C. sure D. satisfied
答案:C。尽管有时候我不百分之百地确信我有正确答案。lucky幸运的;happy快乐的;sure确信;satisfied满意的。
(十三)
(2011·江西卷)
What a busy day! The three boys were fed, bathed and changed into their nightclothes.Mary had __1__ them a story and finally they were asleep. “Babysitting (照看)the three boys aged eight, six and four is extremely __2__,” she thought.
“Sleep, ”she considered, “if only I could! ”But she had difficult homework to complete. Leaning back, she __3__ her feet onto the sofa to get comfortable. Whoever said babysitting was a(n) __4__ way to make money obviously hadn't met the three boys, she thought. The television was on, the room was warm, and the lights were dim. Mary's __5__ felt heavier and heavier. I mustn't sleep, she thought—which was __6__ what she did, of course.
Strangely enough, she soon __7__ that she was a world-famous chef(主厨). She made a __8__ and wore diamonds and designer clothes. Most days she relaxed by the pool, meeting the rich and famous or __9__ —her favorite hobby. She __10__ took the leading role in her own TV show.
That is, until she became too __11__. “I am definitely the best in the world, ”she thought, as she prepared a tasty chicken dish. But __12__ seemed to go right. She spilt the flour, she dropped an egg and she cut her finger.Despite all the troubles, she __13__ to get the chicken into the stove. Soon, smoke blanketed the room. The chicken was on fire. __14__ set in, but Mary could not run—she was __15__ to the spot. She tried hard to move, but could not, __16__ a sharp sound awoke her.
She got shocked and confused—__17__ was pouring from the kitchen. Rushing to investigate, she was met by three __18__ little faces and some very burnt bread. “Sorry, we were hungry and you were __19__, so we tried to make some bread,” explained a boy. Relieved, Mary made them a snack and sent them back to bed. She __20__ them never to fall asleep on the job again!
本文是一篇记叙文,记叙了作者当保姆照顾三个男孩的经历。照顾三个男孩非常累,尽管作者一再提醒自己,还是在沙发上睡着了,同时还做了一个梦,梦到自己成了世界有名的主厨,在做一只美味的鸡,可是鸡却着火了!作者醒来,原来是三个孩子饿了,到厨房里去做面包,却把面包做糊了。作者给他们做了点心,并又哄他们入睡,且答应他们不会在工作时睡觉了。
1.A.given B.written
C.told D.taught
答案:C。她给他们讲故事,故用told。
2.A.successful B.helpful
C.tiring D.surprising
答案:C。这段开头就说的是what a busy day!接下来描述给他们喂饭、洗澡、换睡衣、哄他们睡觉,故照顾这三个男孩很累人。
3.A.shook B.put
C.bent D.kept
答案:B。她把脚放在沙发上。shake摇;put放;bend弯曲;keep使保持某种状态。
4.A.difficult B.boring
C.important D.easy
答案:D。不管是谁,只要他说照看小孩是一个容易的挣钱方法的话,他肯定没有遇见过这三个小孩。
5.A.eyes B.mind
C.heart D.legs
答案:A。因为很累,很想睡觉,所以眼睛变得越来越沉。
6.A.nicely B.exactly
C.curiously D.carelessly
答案:B。她想她绝对不能睡觉,当然,她正在这么做的。nicely漂亮地;exactly确切地;curiously好奇地;carelessly粗心地。
7.A.realized B.reminded
C.learnt D.dreamt
答案:D。很奇怪的是,她突然梦到她是世界闻名的大厨。realize意识到;remind使想起;learn得知;dream梦见。
8.A.decision B.fortune
C.business D.plan
答案:B。根据后文所说的她戴着钻石项链,穿着名牌服装可知她发了财。make a fortune发财。
9.A.cooking B.reading
C.running D.babysitting
答案:B。大部分时间她都在池塘边放松,接见有名的富人或者读书——这是她的爱好。
10.A.just B.ever
C.even D.only
答案:C。作者又有钱又有名,甚至在她自己的电视剧里担任主角。just 仅仅;ever曾经;even甚至;only仅仅。
11.A.selfish B.proud
C.stubborn D.sensitive
答案:B。根据后一句“I am definitely the best in the world”可知作者应该是一个很自傲的状态。
12.A.everything B.something
C.anything D.nothing
答案:D。但是没有任何一件事在往好的方向发展。
13.A.tried B.arranged
C.managed D.prepared
答案:C。尽管发生了一切不顺利的事情,但是她还是成功地把鸡放进了炉子里。manage to do sth.成功地做成某事;try to do sth.试图做某事;arrange to do sth.安排做某事;第3章阅读理解
(一)
A
(2011·重庆卷,B)
Mapping Your World
Different forms of maps are appearing.They allow independent travelers to get local knowledge of places they are visiting,from the official to the unusual.Meanwhile,hi-tech developments are creating new ways for us to map the world.Here are two of our favorites:
Green Maps
Green Maps allows people to share with the world their knowledge of environmentally friendly places and attractions in the local areas. Users add information with a set of icons(图标),making it easy to read any map, whatever the nationalities of those who produce it . At present there are over five hundred map projects being developed in 54 countries. Green Maps' advertised idea is “think global,map local”.It is a wonderful way of gaining all sorts of information of a place ,ranging from community gardens to good places of birdwatching.
Green Maps is not specifically intended for travelers. Not all of its maps are online, so it may be necessary for some users to communicate with the producers through the Green Maps website.
Map Mashups
Many people use online maps developed by Google, but not many know about the mashups of them. Working in a similar way to Green Maps, Map Mashups allows people to add icons of their own to existing maps to express a certain topic. The mashups is so called because it combines all the knowledge you could ever need. It ranges from the extremely useful, such as where all the World Heritage Sites are, to the most bizarre (古怪的),such as where America's drunkest cities are.With the mashups added to the basic Google Maps, a multi-layered (多层的) map can be created.
本文讲述了人们最喜欢的地图,一种是Greens maps,另一种是Maps Mashups。他们的共同特点是人们可以在网上编辑地图。
1.According to the passage,which of the following is a characteristic of Green Maps?
A.Aiming at environmental protection.
B.Introducing local attractions with icons.
C.Offering advice to independent travelers.
D.Collecting icons worldwide for local maps.
答案:B。细节理解题。根据第二段一、二句话可知,绿色地图可允许人们分享当地一些环保的地方及吸引人的东西,并且用图标来添加信息,使人们更容易地看地图,由此可知B项正确。
2.Which of the following icons is most probably NOT used in Green Maps?
答案:B。细节理解题。根据第三段第二句话“It's a wonderful way...to good places of bird watching”可知答案为B。
3.“Map Mashups” is named with the word “mashups”because ________.
A.it is produced by users all over the world
B.it gathers various kinds of information
C.it shares icons with Green Maps
D.it is a branch of Google Maps
答案:B。由最后一段的第三句话可知,为什么用“mashups”这个名,是因为它把所有的知识都结合起来,从最有用的到最古怪的。由此可知B项正确。
4.What do Green Maps and Map Mashups have in common?
A. They are created by local people.
B. They are environmentally friendly.
C. Users can edit maps on the Internet.
D. Users need to communicate with producers.
答案: C。细节理解题。根据短文最后一段第二句话“Working in a similar way to Greens Maps,Map Mashups allows people to add icons of their own to existing maps to express a certain topic.”可知C项正确。
B
(2011·四川卷,B)
Exploit your parking space
An unused parking space or garage can make money. If you live near a city center or an airport, you could make anything up to £200 or £300 a week. Put an advertisement(广告)for free on Letpark or Atmyhousepark.
Rent(出租)a room
Spare room? Not only will a lodger(房客)earn you an income, but also, thanks to the government-backed “rent a room” program, you won't have to pay any tax on the first £4,500 you make per year. Try advertising your room on Roomspare or Roommateeasy.
Make money during special events
Don't want a full-time lodger? Then rent on a short-term basis. If you live in the capital, renting a room out during the Olympics or other big events could bring in money. Grashpadder can advertise your space.
Live on set
Renting your home out as a “film set” could earn you hundreds of pounds a day, depending on the film production company and how long your home is needed. A quick search on the Internet will bring up dozens of online companies that allow you to register your home for free—but you will be charged if your home gets picked.
Use your roof
You need the right kind of roof, but some energy companies pay the cost of fixing solar equipment(around£14,000), and let you use the energy produced for nothing. In return, they get paid for unused energy fed back into the National Grid. However, you have to sign a 25-year agreement with the supplier, which could prevent you from changing the roof.
如果你拥有自己的多余的房子,房间或停车场,如果你按照作者告诉你的上述做法去做,会轻松地挣到大钱。
5.If you earn £5,000 from renting a room in one year, the tax you need to pay will be based on ________.
A.£300 B.£500
C.£4,500 D.£5,000
答案:B。数字计算题。根据第二个段落的信息句“...won't have to pay any tax for the first £4,500”,可以明确:所挣得的4500磅是不用缴税的,即:需要缴税的是多于这个数字的钱,本题中,该是500磅需要缴税。
6.Where can you put an advertisement to rent out a room during a big event?
A.On Letpark. B.On Roomspare.
C.On Grashpadder. D.On Roommateeasy.
答案:C。细节判断题。 根据第三个段落的最后一句话可以找到明确的答案,即选项C是正确的。
7.If you want to use energy free, you have to ________.
A.sign an agreement with the government
B.pay around £14,000 for the equipment
C.sell the roof to some energy companies
D.keep the roof unchanged within 25 years
答案:D。推理判断题。在最后一段中的最后一句话里含有本答案的信息: “25-year agreement”以及“prevent you from changing your roof”都可以断定选项D的说法是符合原文的。
8.For whom is the text most probably written?
A.Lodgers. B. Advertisers.
C.House owners. D.Online companies.
答案:C。推理判断题。从每个段落都可以确定:这是个能够对外出租停车位,房间,房顶等的人,即:是个house owner,选项C是正确的。
C
(2011·新课标卷,C)
Cassandra Feeley finds it hard to manage on her husband's income. So this year she did something more than a hobby: She planted vegetables in her yard. For her first garden, Ms. Feeley has put in 15 tomato plants, and five rows of a variety of vegetables. The family's old farm house has become a chicken house, its residents arriving next month. Last year, Ms.Rita Gartin kept a small garden. This year she has made it much larger because, she said, “The cost of everything is going up and I was looking to lose a few pounds too; so it's a win-win situation all around.”
They are among the growing number of Americans who, driven by higher living costs and a falling economy(经济), have taken up vegetable gardening for the first time. Others have increased the size of their existing gardens. Seed companies and garden shops say that not since the 1970s has there been such an increase in interest in growing food at home. Now many gardens across the country have been sold out for several months. In Austin, Tex., some of the gardens have a three-year waiting list.
George C.Ball Jr, owner of a company, said sales of vegetable seeds and plants are up by 40% over last year, double the average growth of the last five years. Mr.Ball argues that some of the reasons have been building for the last few years. The big one is the striking rise in the cost of food like bread and milk, together with the increases in the price of fruits and vegetables. Food prices have increased because of higher oil prices. People are now driving less, taking fewer vacations, so there is more time to garden.
本文讲述了由于生活费用增高,加上经济下降,越来越多的人开始自己种菜,并且现在人们开车少了,旅游少了,有更多的时间来种菜,减少生活费用。
9. What does the underlined word “residents” in Paragraph 1 probably refer to?
A.chickens B.tomatoes
C.gardens D.people
答案:A。词义猜测题。由上文的a chicken house(鸡舍)可知,它的居民应该是小鸡,故A项正确。
10.Why is vegetable gardening becoming increasingly popular?
A.More Americans are doing it for fun.B.The price of oil is lower than before.
C.There's a growing need for fruits.D.The cost of living is on the rise.
答案:D。细节理解题。由短文第二段第一句话可知,由于生活费增高,经济下降,越来越多的人们开始自己种菜。故D项正确。
11.Which of the following might be the best title for the text?
A.Family Food Planning B.Banking on Gardening
C.A Belt-tightening MoveD.Gardening as a Hobby
答案:B。主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了由于生活费用增高,经济下降,迫使人们自己种菜来减少开支。A项意为:家庭食物计划;B项:依靠种菜;C项:紧缩腰带运动;D项:把种菜当做爱好。
D
(2011·山东卷,D)
Since the 1970s, scientists have been searching for ways to link the brain with computers. Brain-computer interface(BCI) technology could help people with disabilities send commands to machines.
Recently, two researchers, Jose Millan and Michele Tavella from the Federal Polytechnic School in Lausanne, Switzerland, demonstrated(展示)a small robotic wheelchair directed by a person's thoughts.
In the laboratory, Tavella operated the wheelchair just by thinking about moving his left or right hand. He could even talk as he watched the vehicle and guided it with his thoughts.
“Our brain has billions of nerve cells. These send signals through the spinal cord (脊髓)to the muscles to give us the ability to move. But spinal cord injuries or other conditions can prevent these weak electrical signals from reaching the muscles,” Tavella says. “Our system allows disabled people to communicate with external world and also to control devices.”
The researchers designed a special cap for the user. This head cover picks up the signals from the scalp(头皮) and sends them to a computer. The computer interprets the signals and commands the motorized wheelchair. The wheelchair also has two cameras that identify objects in its path. They help the computer react to commands from the brain.
Prof. Millan, the team leader, says scientists keep improving the computer software that interprets brain signals and turns them into simple commands. “The practical possibilities that BCI technology offers to disabled people can be grouped in two categories: communication, and controlling devices. One example is this wheelchair.”
He says his team has set two goals. One is testing with real patients, so as to prove that this is a technology they can benefit from. And the other is to guarantee that they can use the technology over long periods of time.
本文讲述了科学家正在寻找把大脑与电脑连系起来的方法,从而帮助残疾人。大脑与电脑连接技术,可以帮助残疾人交流和控制设备装置,如轮椅。
12.BCI is a technology that can ________.
A. help to update computer systems B. link the human brain with computers
C. help the disabled to recover D. control a person's thoughts
答案:B。细节理解题。根据短文第一段可知,科学家寻找把人的大脑与电脑连接起来的方法,这一方法也即:大脑与电脑连接技术,帮助残疾人向机器发送信号,由此可知B项正确。
13. How did Tavella operate the wheelchair in the laboratory?
A. By controlling his muscles.B. By talking to the machine.
C. By moving his hand. D. By using his mind.
答案:D。细节理解题。根据短文第三段可知,Tavella通过思考来推动轮椅,用思想来指导轮椅,故D项正确。
14. Which of the following shows the path of the signals described in Paragraph 5?
A. scalp→computer→cap→wheelchairB. computer→cap→scalp→wheelchair
C. scalp→cap→computer→wheelchairD. cap→computer→scalp→wheelchair
答案:C。顺序排列题,根据第五段的二、三句话可知,头皮把信号传递给帽子,帽子再把信号传递给电脑,电脑再传译信号,并指令轮椅,由此可知C项正确。
15. The team will test with real patients to ________.
A. make profits from them B. prove the technology useful to them
C. make them live longer 2D. learn about their physical condition
答案:B。细节理解题。根据短文最后一段第二句话可知,他们用真正的病人做实验,是为了证明这是一项他们能受益的技术,故B项正确。
16. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?
A. Switzerland, the BCI Research Center
B. New Findings about How the Human Brain Works
C. BCI Could Mean More Freedom for the Disabled
D. Robotic Vehicles Could Help to Cure Brain Injuries
答案:C。主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了BCI技术能够帮助残疾人,使他们通过思考就能操作一些设备装置,这样他们就有更多的自由,由此可知C项正确。
E
(2011·福建卷,E)
The internet will open up new vistas (前景),create the global village—you can make new friends all around the world.That,at least, is what it promised us.The difficulty is thatit did not take the human mind into account.The reality is that we can not keep relationship with more than a limited number of people.No matter how hard the internet tries to putyou in communication, its best efforts will be defeated by your mind.
The problem is twofold(双重的).First, there is a limit on the number of people we can hold in mind and have a meaningful relationship with.That number is about 150 and is set by the size of our brain.Second, the quality of your relationships depends on the amount of time you invest (投入) in them.We invest a lot in a small number of people and then distribute what's left among as many others as we can.The problem is that if we invest little time in a person, our engagement with that person will decline (减弱)until eventually it dies into “someone I once knew”.
This is not, of course, to say that the internet doesn't serve a socially valuable fun_ction.Of course it does.But the question is not that it allows you to increase the size of your social circle to include the rest of the world, but that you can keep your relationships with your existing friends going even though you have to move to the other side of the world.
In one sense, that's a good thing.But it also has a disadvantage.If you continue to invest in your old friends even though you can no longer see them, then certainly you aren't using your time to make new friends where you now live.And I suspect that probably isn't the best use of your time.Meaningful relationships are about being able to communicate with each other, face to face.The internet will slow down the rate with which relationships end, but it won't stop that happening eventually.
一般认为网络在让人与人交流方面起到了非常重要的作用。而本文作者对此却持怀疑态度。他认为网络在加强人与人之间的关系方面并没有起到应有的作用。
17.What is stressed in the first paragraph?
A.The present situation of the internet.
B.The difficulty in communication on the internet.
C.The socially valuable fun_ction of the internet.
D.The role of the human mind in the internet communication.
答案:D。主旨大意题。由文章第一段特别是最后一句“No matter how hard the internet tries to put you in communication,its best efforts will be defeated by your mind.”可知人类思维在网络交流中起到举足轻重的作用,故D项正确。
18.The underlined word “engagement” in the second paragraph probably means “______”.
A.appointment B.connection
C.interview D.agreement
答案:B。词义猜测题。句意为:问题是如果我们在一个人身上花很少时间,我们跟这个人的联系将会减弱到“他只是一个曾经认识的人”,因此划线单词意为“联系,交往”。
19.According to the passage, the author holds the view that______.
A.the internet fails to play so valuable a role in communication as it promised
B.the internet determines the quality of social relationships
C.the internet greatly increases the size of social circles
D.the internet communication is no less effective than the face-to-face talk
答案:A。推理判断题。由文章的一些信息“This is not ,of course,to say that the internet doesn't serve a socially valuable fun_ction.以及The internet will slow down the rate with which relationships end,but it won't stop that happening eventually.”等可推知网络在人与人之间的交流上并没有起到应有的作用,故A项正确。
20.What is the author's attitude towards the use of the internet to strengthen relationships?
A.He is uncertain about it.B.He is hopeful of it.
C.He approves of it.D.He doubts it.
答案:D。态度观点题。通读全文可知,文章讲述了网络在人与人之间的交流方面并没有起到应有的作用,因此作者对网络在加强人与人之间关系方面持的是怀疑的态度,D项正确。
(二)
A
(2011·福建卷,A)
Driving a car is not just handling controls and judging speed and distance.It requires you to predict what other road users will do and get ready to react to something unexpected.When alcohol is consumed,it enters your bloodstream and acts as a depresant (抑制药),damaging eyesight,judgement and co-ordination (协调),slowing down reaction time and greatly increasing the risk of accidents.Even below the drink driving limit,driving will be affected.
Alcohol may take a few minutes to be absorbed into the bloodstream and start action on the brain.Absorption rate is increased when drinking on an empty stomach or when consuming drinks mixed with fruit juice.To get rid of alcohol from the body is a very slow process and it is not possible to speed it up with any measures like taking a shower or having a cup of tea or coffee.
The present Road Traffic Ordinance states clearly that the limit of alcohol concentration is:
●50 milligrams of alcohol per 100ml of blood;or
●22 micrograms of alcohol per 100ml of breath;or
●67 milligrams of alcohol per 100ml of uriue (尿液).
Drivers who cause traffic accidents,or who commit a moving traffic offence or are being suspected of drink driving will be tested.
Any driver found drinking beyond the limit will be charged.The driver declared guilty may be fined a maximum of HK $25,000 and be sentenced to up to 3 years in prison and punished for 10 driving-offence points;or temporarily banned from driving.
The same punishment applies to failing to provide speeimens(样本) for breath,blood or urine tests without good excuse.
Drink driving is a criminal offence.Be a responsible driver,think before you drink. For the safety of yourself and other road users,never drive after consuming alcohol.
本文主要讲述酒后驾车的危害,对酒驾的惩罚等,呼吁人们为了自身和他人的健康,一定不要酒后驾车。
1.The first paragraph is mainly about______.
A.the introductions of driving skillsB.the damage of drinking to your body
C.the effect of drinking on drivingD.the process of alcohol being absorbed
答案:C。主旨大意题。由第一段的“it enters your bloodstream and acts as a depressant,damaging eyesight,judgement and co-ordination,slowing down reaction time and greatly increasing the risk of accidents.”可知,本段主要讲述酒后驾车的影响,故C项正确。
2.The underlined word “it” in the second paragraph refers to “______”.
A.alcohol B.absorption
C.blood D.process
答案:D。词义猜测题。由前半句“To get rid of alcohol from the body is a very slow process”,可知,后半句表示“采取像淋浴或者是喝杯茶,咖啡等的措施来加速这个过程是不可能的”故it指代process,D项正确。
3.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A.Drinking below the drink driving limit has no effect on driving.
B.Alcohol is taken in more quickly when drunk with fruit juice.
C.Having a cup of tea helps to get rid of alcohol from the body.
D.50 milligrams of alcohol per 100ml of breath is below the drink driving limit.
答案:B。细节理解题。由第二段中“Absorption rate is increased when drinking on an empty stomach or when consuming drinks mixed with fruit juice”可知B项正确。
4.A driver suspected of drink driving______.
A.should provide specimens for testing
B.will be forbidden to drive for 3 years
C.will be punished for 10 driving-offence points
D.should pay a maximum fine of HK$25,000
答案:A。细节理解题。由文章信息“Drivers who cause traffic accidents ,or who commit a moving traffic offence or are being suspected of drink driving will be tested”可知A项正确。
B
(2011·安徽卷,B)
Think about the different ways that people use the wind. You can use it to fly a kite or to sail a boat. Wind is one of our cleanest and richest power sources (来源), as well as one of the oldest. Evidence shows that windmills (风车) began to be used in ancient Iran back in the seventh century BC. They were first introduced to Europe during the 1100s, when armies returned from the Middle East with knowledge of using wind power.
For many centuries, people used windmills to grind (磨碎) wheat into flour or pump water from deep underground when electricity was discovered in the late 1800s, people living in remote areas began to use them to produce electricity. This allowed them to have electric lights and radio. However, by the 1940s when electricity was available to people in almost all areas of the United States, windmills were rarely used.
During the 1970s, people started becoming concerned about the pollution that is created when coal and gas are burned to produce electricity. People also realized that the supply of coal and gas would not last forever. Then, wind was rediscovered, though it means higher costs. Today, there is a global movement to supply more and more of our electricity through the use of wind.
风能早在公元前七世纪就开始被人们用风车所利用,当人们发明了电以后,风能被用来发电,但随着电的广泛使用,风车逐渐不被人们使用了。而进入二十世纪七十年代后,人们又逐渐认识到了风能的优势。
5.From the text we know that windmills ________.
A. were invented by European armies
B. have a history of more than 2,800 years
C. used to supply power to radio in remote areas
D. have rarely been used since electricity was discovered
答案:C。细节理解题。由第一段最后两句话可知风车首先是在古代伊朗被使用,故排除A项;公元前七世纪到现在应是不足2800年,故排除B项;由第二段当中的第二、三句话可以排除D项,同时也能知道C项是正确的。
6.What was a new use for wind power in the late l9th century?
A. Sailing a boat. B. Producing electricity.
C. Grinding wheat into flour.D. Pumping water from underground.
答案:B。细节理解题。由文章第二段中的第二句话可知“在十九世纪末期人们发现了电以后,住在偏远地区的人们开始用风车发电”。
7.One of the reasons wind was rediscovered in the 1970s is that ________.
A. wind power is cleaner
B. it is one of the oldest power sources
C. it was cheaper to create energy from wind
D. the supply of coal and gas failed to meet needs
答案:A。主旨大意题。由文章最后一段可知。
8.What would the author probably discuss in the paragraph that follows?
A. The advantages of wind power.
B. The design of wind power plants.
C. The worldwide movement to save energy.
D. The global trend towards producing power from wind.
答案:D。推理判断题。文章最后一句话“如今,出现了一个全球化的运动,要通过风能的利用来提供越来越多的电力”,表明作者会就这个话题继续展开。
C
(2011·北京卷,C)
Students and Technology in the Classroom
I love my Blackberry—it's my little connection to the larger world that can go anywhere with me. I also love my laptop computer,as it holds all of my writing and thoughts.Despite this love of technology, I know that there are times when I need to move away from these device(设备) and truly communicate with others.
On occasion,I teach a course called History Matters for a group of higher education managers. My goals for the class include a full discussion of historical themes and ideas.Because I want students to thoroughly study the material and exchange their ideas with each other in the classroom,I have a rule—no laptops, iPads, phones, etc.When students were told my rule in advance of the class, some of them were not happy.
Most students assume that my reasons for this rule include unpleasant experiences in the past with students misusing technology. There's a bit of truth to that.Some students assume that I am anti-technology. There's no truth in that at all. I love technology and try to keep up with it so I can relate to my students.
The real reason why I ask students to leave technology at the door is that I think there are very few places in which we can have deep conversations and truly engage complex ideas. Interruptions by technology often break concentration and allow for too much dependence on outside information for ideas. I want students to dig deep within themselves for inspiration and ideas. I want them to push each other to think differently and to make connections between course material and the class discussion.
I've been teaching my history class in this way for many years and the evaluations reflect student satisfaction with the environment that I create.Students realize that with deep conversation and challenge, they learn at a level that helps them keep the course material beyond the classroom.
I'm not saying that I won't ever change my mind about technology use in my history class, but until I hear a really good reason for the change,I'm sticking to my plan. A few hours of technology-free dialogue is just too sweet to give up.
本文是一篇议论文。作者是一位老师,非常喜欢高科技产品,但是为了让他的学生在课堂上讨论历史话题、互相交流观点,他规定在课堂上学生不允许使用手提电脑、iPads及电话。刚开始学生不能理解,但是后来在对学生的学习评估中,学生对这一方法还是非常满意的。
9.Some of the students in the history class were unhappy with ________.
A. the course material B. others' misuse of technology
C. discussion topics D. the author's class regulations
答案:D。细节理解题。由第二段的“When students were told my rule in advance of the class, some of them were not happy .”可知D项正确。
10.The underlined word “engage ”in para.4 probably means ________.
A. explore B. accept
C. change D. reject
答案: A。词义猜测题。根据第四段的“I want students to dig deep within themselves for inspiration and ideas.”可知作者让学生们进行深切的交流,目的是让学生们获得激励和一些观点,故A项explore“探索”更为接近;accept “接受”;change“改变”;reject “拒绝”。
11.According to the author, the use of technology in the classroom may ________.
A. keep students from doing independent thinking
B. encourage students to have in-depth conversations
C. help students to better understand complex themes
D. affect students' concentration on course evaluation
答案: A。推理判断题。由第四段的“Interruptions by technology often break concentration and allow for too much dependence on outside information for ideas .”可知在教室内使用高科技产品使学生们对于外界信息过于依赖,不能独立思考。
12.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that the author ________.
A. is quite stubborn
B. will give up teaching history
C. will change his teaching plan soon
D. values technology-free dialogues in his class
答案: D。推理判断题。由最后一段的最后一句话可知作者对自己的不使用高科技产品让学生进行对话的方法是满意的。
D
(2011·陕西卷,A)
这是一则关于“PALACE THEATRE & OPERA HOUSE”的广告。介绍“Live Card”与“Get it together团购”的好处以及预定方式。
13.If you want to join Live Card to save money on tickets, you can call________.
A.0844 847 2484 B.0800 587 5007
C.0844 499 6699 D.0161 245 6609
答案:C。细节理解题。根据Live Card一栏最后一句Call 0844 499 6699 to join Live Card today 可知C项正确。
14.How can you pay for a ticket when you book by post?
A.By visiting the website of a post office.
B.By going to your local bank in person.
C.By enclosing your Live Card in an envelope.
D.By providing your credit card information.
答案:D。细节理解题。细读By post一栏可以排除A、B、C三项,D项“提供个人信用卡信息”与该栏中“enclosing (附寄)...your credit details”相对应。
15.What benefit can group bookers enjoy according to the text?
A.Delayed payment for tickets. B.Invitations to opening nights.
C.Reduced booking fees by phone.D.Generous discounts on tickets.
答案:A。推理判断题。根据文中对于“团体预购”的介绍可知,团购者可以享受以下好处:免费打预订电话、不拿预订费、被邀请参加宴会、先预定后付款的项目。所以A项正确。
E
(2011·江西卷,D)
Why should mankind explore space? Why should money, time and effort be spent exploring and researching something with so few apparent benefits? Why should resources be spent on space rather than on conditions and people on Earth? These are questions that, understandably, are very often asked.
Perhaps the best answer lies in our genetic makeup(基因构成) as human beings. What drove our ancestors to move from the trees into the plains, and on into all possible areas and environments? The wider the spread of a species, the better its chance of survival. Perhaps the best reason for exploring space is this genetic tendency to expand wherever possible.
Nearly every successful civilization has explored, because by doing so, any dangers in surrounding areas can be identified and prepared for. Without knowledge, we may be completely destroyed by the danger. With knowledge, we can lessen its effects.
Exploration also allows minerals and other potential(潜在的) resources to be found. Even if we have no immediate need of them, they will perhaps be useful later. Resources may be more than physical possessions. Knowledge or techniques have been acquired through exploration. The techniques may have medical applications which can improve the length or quality of our lives. We have already benefited from other spin-offs including improvements in earthquake prediction, in satellites for weather forecasting and in communications systems. Even non-stick pans and mirrored sunglasses are by-products(副产品) of technological developments in the space industry!
While many resources are spent on what seems a small return, the exploration of space allows creative, brave and intelligent members of our species to focus on what may serve to save us. While space may hold many wonders and explanations of how the universe was formed or how it works, it also holds dangers. The danger exists, but knowledge can help human beings to survive. Without the ability to reach out across space, the chance to save ourselves might not exist.
While Earth is the only planet known to support life, surely the adaptive ability of humans would allow us to live on other planets. It is true that the lifestyle would be different, but human life and cultures have adapted in the past and surely could in the future.
本文是一篇议论文,向我们阐述了人类进行太空探索的原因。人类的基因构成决定了人类探索其他领域包括太空的能力。人类探索太空可能暂时没有多大用处,但是在将来这可能会帮助人类生存下去。
16.Why does the author mention the questions in Paragraph 1?
A.To express his doubts.B.To compare different ideas.
C.To introduce points for discussion.D.To describe the conditions on Earth.
答案:C。推理判断题。作者在第一段提出问题目的是引出下面要讨论的话题。
17.What is the reason for exploring space based on Paragraph 2?
A.Humans are nature-born to do so.
B.Humans have the tendency to fight.
C.Humans may find new sources of food.
D.Humans don't like to stay in the same place.
答案:A。细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句可知人类探索太空的原因是其基因的构成。
18.The underlined word “spin-offs” in Paragraph 4 probably refers to ________.
A.survival chances B.potential resources
C.unexpected benefitsD.physical possessions
答案:C。词义猜测题。后面所说的“improvements in earthquake prediction,in satellites for weather forecasting and in communications systems”可知此处的划线短语意为“益处,好处”。
19.What makes it possible for humans to live on other planets?
A.Our genetic makeup. B.Resources on the earth.
C.The adaptive ability of humans.D.By-products in space exploration.
答案:C。细节理解题。根据最后一段的第一句话可知,人类的适应能力会让人类在其他星球生存下去。
20.Which of the statements can best sum up the passage?
A.Space exploration has created many wonders.
B.Space exploration provides the best value for money.
C.Space exploration can benefit science and technology.
D.Space exploration may help us avoid potential problems on Earth.
答案:D。主旨大意题。A、B两项可以容易地排除。全文主要讲的是太空探索对帮助人类生存的益处,而不是对科技的益处。
(三)
A
(2011·全国卷,A)
Since 1984 ,Philadelphia has been cleaning up its act. One by one,graffiti-covered walls are being changed into outdoor art. So far,more than 1,800 murals (壁画) have been painted. Philadelphia now has more murals than any other American city.
The walls that were once ugly with graffiti (涂鸦) are now covered with beautiful pictures of historical heroes and modern art, thanks to the Mural Arts Program (MAP). Its work makes schools and public places attractive, and its citizens very proud. The program began as part of Philadelphia's Anti-Graffiti Network. Jane Golden is the MAP's artistic director. “When people ask me what our program is about, ”she says,“I answer them with one word: hope.” Each year, the MAP offers youth art programs and workshops. Some one-time graffiti writers even help paint MAP murals.
The MAP's work, says Golden, is all about developing a sense of community (社区). When a neighborhood requests a mural,the MAP works with the people there to develop a message. Some messages have been “Safe Streets,”“Love and Care, ”and “Peace Walk.”
The MAP receives up to 50 requests for murals each week. Last year,the workers painted 140 murals.
“The making of a mural enters people's collective memory as an extraordinary,pleasant moment in neighborhood history,”says Golden,who began as a muralist in Los Angeles.
本文论述了费城通过MAP这一项目逐步地将墙体上的涂鸦变成了一种室外艺术形式——壁画,从而给人们带来了新的希望。
1. What can be the best title for the text?
A. Love,from Graffiti Writers to Muralists
B. MAP, a New Company in Philadelphia
C. Jane,an Excellent Mural Artist
D. Hope,One Wall at a Time
答案:D。主旨大意题。本文主要介绍费城通过MAP这一项目逐步地将墙体上的涂鸦变成了一种室外艺术形式——壁画,从而给人们带来了新的希望。
2. What is the Mural Arts Program in Philadelphia aimed at?
A. Helping the young find jobs.B. Protecting the neighborhood.
C. Fighting against graffiti.D. Attracting more visitors.
答案:C。细节理解题。由第二段的“the program began as part of philadelphia's Anti-Graffiti Network.”可知C项正确。
3. How does the MAP decide on the message for a mural?
A. By having discussions with people in the community.
B. By seeking advice from the city government.
C. By learning from the young graffiti writers.
D. By studying the history of the city.
答案:A。细节理解题。由第三段第二句可知答案为A项。
4.Which of the following words best describes the work of the MAP?
A. Difficult. B. Dangerous.
C. Experimental. D. Successful.
答案:D。推理判断题。由文章第四段可知the MAP每周会收到很多的邀请,每年会画很多的壁画,故可推出工作很成功,答案为D项。
B
(2011·湖北卷,B)
Howling is a behaviour commonly observed among a wolf pack.As pack animals,wolves work together to hunt and rely on howling as an important means of communication among each other.There are different explanations of a wolf's howl and it appears that there may be more to discover.
One theory is that wolves howl to bond better together.It's almost as if howling together helps the pack stay together.Perhaps something similar to people feeling a sense of involvement with each other when singing a song together. But this theory may be wrong,explains Fred H.Harrington,a professor who studies wolf behaviour.
Indeed,there have been times when wolves have been seen one moment howling in a chorus,and the next,quarreling among each other.It appears that usually the lowest-ranking members of the pack may actually be “punished” for joining in the chorus at times.So is howling a way to strengthen a social bond or just a way to reconfirm status among its members? —Why do wolves howl for sure?
What is clear,however,is that howling is often used among packmates to locate each other.Hunting grounds are distant and it happens that wolves may separate from one another at times.When this happens,howling appears to be an excellent means of gathering.
Howling,interestingly,is a contagious behaviour.When one wolf starts to howl,very likely others will follow.This is often seen to occur in the morning,as if wolves were doing some sort of “roll call”where wolves all howl together to report their presence.
动物的嚎叫有其目的性,而人的对唱也是为了呼唤同伴,所以人们认为两者在这一方面是相同的;但专家似乎发现,狼的嚎叫不仅仅是为了呼朋引伴,因为有时也会争斗,因此,研究之后,专家发现:狼的嚎叫可能是个传染形式的行为,有时也是为了呼唤同伴。
5.What is the possible similarity between wolves' howling together and humans' singing in chorus?
A.The act of calling each other.B.The sense of accomplishment.
C.The act of hunting for something.D.The sense of belonging to a group.
答案:D。细节判断题。从第二段的信息词“bond better together”以及“help the pack stay together”等可以确定两者的共同点与选项D的说法是一致的。
6.Why does Harrington think the“social bond”theory may be wrong?
A.Wolves separate from each other after howling.
B.Wolves tend to protect their hunting grounds.
C.Wolves sometimes have quarrels after howling together.
D.Wolves of low rank are encouraged to join in the chorus.
答案:C。细节判断题。根据第三段中提到的“and the next, quarrelling among each other”以及“it appears that...be punished for joining...”都可以表明选项C的说法是符合原文之意的。
7.Researchers are sure that wolves often howl to________.
A.show their ranks B.find their companions
C.report the missing onesD.express their loneliness
答案:B。细节判断题。根据倒数第二段中的第一句话的信息词“locate each other”以及最后一句中的“appears to be an excellent means of gathering”都可以明确:狼的嚎叫正是为了找伴儿,故选项B的说法是最符合原文的。
8.“Howling...is a contagious behaviour”(in the last paragraph)means________.
A.howling is a signal for huntingB.howling is a way of communication
C.howling often occurs in the morningD.howling spreads from one to another
答案:D。句意理解题。从最后一段中的第二句话中可以找到contagious一词的理解:一个随着一个的去做事情,如同选项D所说的那样。
C
(2011·江苏卷,C)
According to the US government, wind farms off the Pacific coast could produce 900 gigawatts of electricity every year.Unfortunately,the water there is far too deep for even the tallest windmills(see picture)to touch bottom. An experiment under way off the coast of Norway,however,could help put them anywhere.
The project, called Hywind,is the world's first large-scale deepwater wind turbine(涡轮发电机).Although it uses a fairly standard 152-ton,2.3-megawatt turbine,Hywind represents totally new technology. The turbine will be fixed 213 feet above the water on a floating spar(see picture),a technology Hywind's creator,the Norwegian company StatoilHydro,has developed recently. The steel spar, which is filled with stones and goes 328 feet below the sea surface, will be tied to the ocean floor by three cables(缆索);these will keep the spar stable and prevent the turbine from moving up and down in the waves.Hywind's stability(稳定性)in the cold and rough sea would prove that even the deepest corners of the ocean are suitable for wind power. If all goes according to plan, the turbine will start producing electricity six miles off the coast of southwestern Norway as early as September.
To produce electricity on a large scale, a commercial wind farm will have to use bigger turbines than Hywind does, but it's difficult enough to balance such a large turbine so high on a floating spar in the middle of the ocean. To make that turbine heavier, the whole spar's centre of gravity must be moved much closer to the ocean's surface. To do that, the company plans to design a new kind of wind turbine, one whose gearbox(变速箱) sits at sea level rather than behind the blades(see picture).
Hywind is a test run, but the benefits for perfecting floating wind-farm technology could be extremely large. Out at sea, the wind is often stronger and steadier than close to shore, where all existing off shore windmills are planted. Deep-sea farms are invisible from land, which helps overcome the windmill-as-eyesore objection. If the technology catches on, it will open up vast areas of the planet's surface to one of the best low-carbon power sources available.
本文为科普短文,讲述世界上第一个深海风力发电机——涡轮发电机以及它的发电原理及好处。
9.The Hywind project uses totally new technology to ensure the stability of________.
A. the cables which tie the spar to the ocean floor
B. the spar which is floating in deep-sea water
C. the blades driven by strong and steady sea wind
D. the stones filled in the spar below the sea surface
答案:B。细节理解题。由文章第二段特别是“these will keep the spar stable and prevent the turbine from moving up and down in the waves”可知B项正确。
10.To balance a bigger turbine high on a floating spar, a new type of turbine is to be designed with its gearbox sitting________.
A. on the sea floor B. on the spar top
C. at sea level D. behind the blades
答案:C。细节理解题。由文章第三段最后一句“...one whose gearbox sits at sea level rather than behind the blades.”可知C项正确。
11.Wide applications of deepwater wind power technology can________.
A. solve the technical problems of deepwater windmills
B. make financial profits by producing more turbines
C. settle the arguments about environmental problems
D. explore low-carbon power resources available at sea
答案:D。细节理解题。由文章最后一句“...it will open up vast areas of the planet's surface to one of the best low-carbon power sources available.”可知D项正确。
D
(2011·天津卷,C)
An idea that started in Seattle's public library has spread throughout America and beyond.The concept is simple:help to build a sense of community in a city by getting everyone to read the same book at the same time.
In addition to encouraging reading as a pursuit (追求) to be enjoyed by all,the program allows strangers to communicate by discussing the book on the bus,as well as promoting reading as an experience to be shared in families and schools.The idea came from Seattle librarian Nancy Pearl who launched(发起)the“If All of Seattle Read the Same Book”project in 1998.Her original program used author visits, study guides and book discussion groups to bring people together with a book, but the idea has since expanded to many other American cities,and even to Hong Kong.
In Chicago,the mayor (市长) appeared on television to announce the choice of To Kill a Mockingbird as the first book in the “One Book,One Chicago”program.As a result,reading clubs and neighborhood groups sprang up around the city.Across the US, stories emerged of parents and children reading to each other at night and strangers chatting away on the bus about plot and character.
The only problem arose in New York,where local readers could not decide on one book to represent the huge and diverse population.This may show that the idea works best in medium-sized cities or large towns, where a greater sense of unity (一致) can be achieved.Or it may show that New Yorkers rather missed the point,putting all their energy and passion into the choice of the book rather than into discussion about a book itself.
Ultimately,as Nancy points out, the level of success is not measured by how many people read a book,but by how many people are enriched by the process,or have enjoyed speaking to someone with whom they would not otherwise have shared_a_word.21世纪教育网
西雅图的一名图书管理员建议大家在同一时间阅读同一本书,并允许陌生人在公共场所对这本书进行讨论,这样做既可以促进陌生人之间的交流,又能培养公众的社区意识。然而,在像纽约等一些大城市,由于人口背景复杂,很难选出一本具有代表性的书,或许这一想法在一些中等城市更容易实施。
12.What is the purpose of the project launched by Nancy?
A.To invite authors to guide readers.
B.To encourage people to read and share.
C.To involve people in community service.
D.To promote the friendship between cities.
答案:B。细节理解题。由第二段“Her original program used author visits,study guides and book discussion groups to bring people together with a book”.可以推知正确答案。
13.Why was it difficult for New Yorkers to carry out the project?
A.They had little interest in reading.
B.They were too busy to read a book.
C.They came from many different backgrounds.
D.They lacked support from the local government.
答案:C。细节理解题。由第四段第一句话可知,纽约城市大,人口众多且文化背景多样化,因此人们很难选出一本有代表性的书。
14.According to the passage,where would the project be more easily carried out?
A.In large communities with little sense of unity.
B.In large cities where libraries are far from home.
C.In medium-sized cities with a diverse population.
D.In large towns where agreement can be quickly reached.
答案:D。细节理解题。由第四段第二句话可知,这一想法在中等城市或大的城镇较容易实施,因为在那儿人们很容易达成一致。C项为人口多样化的中等城市,与句意不符。
15.The underlined words“shared a word”in Paragraph 5 probably mean______.
A.exchanged ideas with each otherB.discussed the meaning of a word
C.gained life experienceD.used the same language
答案:A。词义猜测题。由第二段内容可知,该活动的目的就是让陌生人通过讨论这本书而达到交流的目的,故A项正确。
16.According to Nancy,the degree of success of the project is judged by______.
A.the careful selection of a proper book
B.the growing popularity of the writers
C.the number of people who benefit from reading
D.the number of books that each person reads
答案:C。细节理解题。根据最后一段“...the level of success is not measured by how many peope read the book,but by how many people are enriched by the process...”可知C项正确。
E
(2011·辽宁卷,D)
The Coalition for the Homeless is an organization that seeks to address the needs of the homeless population in the United States.It is a network of offices,some of which provide food and houses for the homeless population,and some of which fight for the passing of laws that would give every American the right to a place to call home.According to the Coalition's studies,of over two hundred million people living in the United States,up to three million are homeless—and the number is still growing.Since the late 1970s,fast-rising house prices,large cuts in government supported housing programs,and economic recession(经济衰退) have made it impossible for many Americans to meet housing costs.Sadly,this has resulted in a number of persons being forced to leave their homes and/or unable to find new affordable homes.According to another research,families with children appear to be the fastest-growing part of the homeless population,making up 39% of it.The old idea of a homeless person,that of the single man who gets drunk all the time,is no longer true.A much larger part of the population now finds itself homeless.Even worse,once a person becomes homeless,he often finds it impossible to find a job,since most employers require anyone who wants a job from them to provide a home address on a job application.
本文记叙了无家可归者联盟试图帮助解决无家可归人的需要。为他们提供食物和房屋,为他们的权力而战。从二十世纪七十年代以来,由于房价上升,政府支持减少,经济衰退,使无家可归者越来越多,更糟的是,他们找不到工作。
17.The underlined word “address” in the first line probably means “______”.
A.talk about B.deal with
C.fight for D.write to
答案:B。词义猜测题。从下文可知,该联盟提供给无家者食物,房子,即表明该联盟在努力满足和解决无家者的需求。故B项正确。
18.How many people are homeless in the U.S.according to the Coalition studies?
A.39% of the population.B.200 million people.
C.About 3 million people.D.About one-fifth of the population.
答案:C。细节理解题。根据短文第三句话可知,美国有两亿人口,其中有多达三百万人无家可归,且这个数还在上升。
19.Homeless people often have difficulty finding a job because______.
A.they have no home addresses
B.they mostly have a drinking problem
C.they aren't supported by government programs
D.they often don't have enough work experience
答案:A。细节理解题。根据短文最后一句可知,因为大多数雇主要求找工作的人在申请表上填上家庭住址,所以无家可归者发现他们不可能找到工作。
20.What is the main cause of the rising number of the homeless in the U.S.?
A.The passing of new housing laws.B.The fast growth of family size.
C.The slow construction of houses.D.The ever-rising price of housing.
答案:D。细节理解题。根据第四句话可知,从20世纪70年代,房价快速增长,使许多美国人不可能满足住房费用,从而使更多的人无家可归。
(四)
A
(2011·辽宁卷,A)
I got my first driver's license (执照) in 1953 by taking driver education in my first year at Central High School in Charlotte,North Carolina.Four years later when it was time to renew my license I was a married woman.Henry and I were living in Baltimore,Maryland.Two weeks before my 20th birthday,Henry drove me to the motor vehicle office on a hot July afternoon.When I got to the office and showed to the man behind the counter my North Carolina driver's license,ready to renew,the man told me that I was under age by Maryland law since I was not yet 21.“Mr.Henry Smith,your husband,will have to sign for you,”he said.
I argued,pointing to a very large belly (肚子) of mine,“I am married.I am having a baby.Why should I have to have someone sign for me to drive?”He answered coldly,“It's the law,madam.”
Henry encouraged me to calm down,just go ahead and get the license and be done with it.“No,”I said.I refused to have him sign for me.So I left without a Maryland license.
I called the North Carolina Motor Vehicle Office and renewed my NC license by mail—using my name Susan Brown.And thus it was for the next twelve years.Since Henry was in the army I could drive under my home state license.By the time Henry left the army we were once again living in Maryland,and I had to take the Maryland driver's exam.Since then I just go in and renew every four years—sign the name Susan Brown,have my new picture taken,and walk out with a license to drive.
本文讲述了美国不同的州法律不一样。在北卡罗莱纳州,中学时就可拿驾照,而在马里兰州21岁才能申请驾照。
1.Susan got her first driver's license______.
A.before she got married to HenryB.when she was twenty years old
C.after she finished high schoolD.when she just moved to Maryland
答案:A。细节理解题。根据短文第一段第一、二句话可知,苏珊在上中学时拿到的第一个驾照,四年后换证时,她已结婚了。由此可知A项正确。
2.Susan failed to renew her license the first time in Maryland because______.
A.she was forbidden to drive by Maryland law
B.she lacked driving experience in Maryland
C.she was to give birth to a baby soon
D.she insisted on signing for herself
答案:D。推理判断题。根据第三段可知,她拒绝丈夫替她签名注册,因此她没拿到驾照。由此可知正是因为她坚持自己签名注册,使她没换证成功。
3.We can infer from the text that in the U.S.______.
A.American males should serve in the army
B.different states may have different laws
C.people have to renew their licenses in their home states
D.women should adopt their husbands' family names after marriage
答案:B。推理判断题。由马里兰州和北卡罗莱纳州的法律来看,不同的州有不同的法律。
B
(2011·山东卷,B)
Tim Richter and his wife, Linda, had taught for over 30 years near Buffalo, New York—he in computers, she in special education. “Teaching means everything to us,” Tim would say. In April 1998, he learned he would need a heart operation. It was the kind of news that leads to some serious thinking about life's purpose.
Not long after the surgery, Tim saw a brochure describing Imagination Library, a program started by Dolly Parton' s foundation (基金会) that mailed a book every month to children from birth to age five in the singer's home town of Sevier, Tennessee.“I thought, maybe Linda and I could do something like this when we retire,” Tim recalls. He placed the brochure on his desk, “as a reminder.”
Five years later, now retired and with that brochure still on the desk, Tim clicked on imagination library.com. The program had been opened up to partners who could take advantage of book and postage discounts.
The quality of the books was of great concern to the Richters. Rather than sign up online, they went to Dollywood for a look-see. “We didn't want to give the children rubbish,” says Linda. The books—reviewed each year by teachers, literacy specialists, and Dollywood board members—included classics such as Ezra Jack Keats's The Snowy Day and newer books like Anna Dewdney's Llama Llama series.
Satisfied, the couple set up the Richter Family Foundation and got to work. Since 2004, they have shipped more than 12,200 books to preschoolers in their area. Megan Williams, a mother of four, is more than appreciative: “This program introduces us to books I've never heard of .”
The Richters spend about $400 a month sending books to 200 children. “Some people sit there and wait to die,” says Tim. “Others get as busy as they can in the time they have left.”
本文讲述了Tim心脏手术后,对人生的目标有严肃认真的思考,术后,参加Dolly Parton的基金会,并与妻子Linda成立了Richter家庭基金会,每月花400美元给学龄前儿童买书。
4.What led Tim to think seriously about the meaning of life?
A.His health problem.B.His love for teaching.
C.The influence of his wife.D.The news from the Web.
答案:A。细节理解题。根据短文第一段第二句话“In April...leads to some serious thinking about life's purpose”可知A项正确。
5.What did Tim want to do after learning about Imagination Library?
A.Give out brochures.B.Do something similar.
C.Write books for children.D.Retire from being a teacher.
答案:B。细节理解题。根据短文第二段第二句话“I thought,maybe Linda and I could do something like this when we retire”可知B项正确。
6.According to the text, Dolly Parton is ________.
A. a well-known surgeonB. a mother of a four-year-old
C. a singer born in Tennessee D. a computer programmer
答案:C。细节理解题。根据短文第二段第一句话“...a program started by Dolly Parton's foundation that mailed a book to children from birth to age five in the singer's home town of sevier,Tenneasea”中的singer可知C项正确。
7.Why did the Richters go to Dollywood?
A. To avoid signing up online.
B. To meet Dollywood board members.
C. To make sure the books were the newest.
D. To see if the books were of good quality.
答案:D。细节理解题。根据短文倒数第三段第一、二句话可知,书的质量是Richter夫妇关心的问题。因此他们没有在网上报名,而是亲自去多莉坞看看。因此可知D项正确。
8.What can we learn from Tim's words in the last paragraph?
A. He needs more money to help the children.
B. He wonders why some people are so busy.
C. He tries to save those waiting to die.
D. He considers his efforts worthwhile.
答案:D。推理判断题。Tim最后说:有些人坐着等死,而另一些人在剩余的时间内尽可能的忙碌。由上文可知,Richter夫妇对自己所做的事情很满意,并且其他人也非常感激,由此可推出D项正确。
C
(2011·江苏卷,B)
本篇是一份海报,介绍了一个叫做“Friends organization”的组织。
9.Which of the following is discouraged by the Friends organization?
A. To build massive complexes for public amusement.
B. To prevent possible damages to the National Park.
C. To help protect and improve the Park for all to enjoy.
D. To sponsor publications and projects in local schools.
答案:A。细节理解题。由Activities中第二段第一句“We keep an eye on...and threats to the National Park such as massive leisure complexes.”可知,这一组织不赞成建大量的休闲娱乐设施。
10. One of the benefits for members of Friends is to________.
A. have Friends' goods free of charge
B. visit any place not open to the public
C. take part in work parties if they want to
D. give talks in their fields on current issues
答案:C。细节理解题。由Benefits中的第五条“Satisfaction of participation in work parties, for those willing and able to be involved.”可知C项符合题意。
11.The purpose of this poster is to invite more people to________.
A. raise money for the Friends organization
B. join the Friends organization and be members of it
C. work as managers for Pembrokeshire National Park
D. enjoy the landscape of Pembrokeshire National Park
答案:B。写作意图题。由文章最后一句“If interested, please complete the Application Form at www.fpnp.org.uk.”可知该海报的目的是邀请更多的人参与。
D
(2011·湖南卷,C)
A recent study of ancient and modern elephants has come up with the unexpected conclusion that the African elephant is divided into two distinct(不同的) species.
The discovery was made by researchers at York and Harvard Universities when they were examining the genetic relationship between the ancient woolly mammoth and mastodon to modern elephants—the Asian elephant, African forest elephant, and African savanna elephant.
Once they obtained DNA sequences (序列)from two fossils (化石), mammoths and mastodons, the team compared them with DNA from modern elephants. They found to their amazement that modern forest and savanna elephants are as distinct from each other as Asian elephants and mammoths.
The scientists used detailed genetic analysis to prove that the African savanna elephant and the African forest elephant have been distinct species for several million years. The divergence of the two species took place around the time of the divergence of Asian elephants and woolly mammoths. This result amazed all the scientists.
There has long been debate in the scientific community that the two might be separate species, but this is the most convincing scientific evidence so far that they are indeed different species.
Previously, many naturalists believed that African savanna elephants and African forest elephants were two populations of the same species, despite the elephants' significant size differences. The savanna elephant has an average shoulder height of 3.5 metres while the forest elephant has an average shoulder height of 2.5 metres. The savanna elephant weighs between six and seven tons, roughly double the weight of the forest elephant. But the fact that they look so different does not necessarily mean they are different species. However the proof lay in the analysis of the DNA.
Alfred Roca, assistant professor in the Department of Animal Sciences at the University of Illinois, said, “We now have to treat the forest and savanna elephants as two different units for conservation purposes. Since 1950, all African elephants have been conserved as one species. Now that we know the forest and savanna elephants are two very distinctive animals, the forest elephant should become a bigger priority (优先) for conservation purposes.”
本文讲述了一项新的科学发现:通过对非洲森林大象和非洲草原大象DNA的鉴定,科学家们得出结论:它们是两种不同的物种。我们要保护这些珍稀动物。
12.One of the fossils studied by the researchers is that of ________
A.the Asian elephant B.the forest elephant
C.the savanna elephant D.the mastodon elephant
答案:D。细节理解题。由第3段第一句话“...two fossils,mammoths and mastodons...”可知D项正确。
13.The underlined word “divergence”in Paragraph 4 means “________ ”.
A.evolution B.exhibition
C.separation D.examination
答案:C。词义猜测题。科学家门一直在证明非洲森林大象和非洲草原大象是两种不同的物种,他们之间的分歧使科学家们大为惊讶。
14.The researchers' conclusion was based on a study of the African elephant's ________.
A.DNA B.height
C.weight D.population
答案:A。细节理解题。由倒数第二段最后一句话“However the proof lay in the analysis of the DNA”可知。
15.What are Alfred Roca's words mainly about?
A.The conservation of African elephants.
B.The purpose of studying African elephants.
C.The way to divide African elephants into two units.
D.The reason for the distinction of African elephants.
答案:A。推理判断题。由文章最后一段“...for conservation purposes”可知A项正确。
16.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A.Naturalists' Beliefs about Elephants
B.Amazing Experiments about Elephants
C.An Unexpected Finding about Elephants
D.A Long Scientific Debate about Elephants
答案:C。主旨大意题。全文讲述了关于非洲大象的一项意外的发现。
E
(2011·新课标卷,D)
Wanted, Someone for a Kiss
We're looking for producers to join us on the sound of London Kiss 100FM. You'll work on the station's music programmes. Music production experience in radio is necessary, along with rich knowledge of modern dance music. Please apply in writing to Producer Vacancies, Kiss100.
Father Christmas
We're looking for a very special person, preferably over 40, to fill our Father Christmas suit.
Working days: Every Saturday from November 24 to December 15 and every day from December 17 to December 24 except Sundays, 10:30-16:00.
Excellent pay.
Please contact(联系)the Enterprise Shopping Centre, Station Parade, Eastbourne.
Accountants Assistant
When you join the team in our Revenue Administration Unit, you will be providing assistance within all parts of the Revenue Division, dealing with post and other general duties. If you are educated to GCSE grade C level we would like to talk to you. This position is equally suitable for a school leaver or for somebody who has office experience.
Wealden District Council
Software Trainer
If you are aged 24-45 and have experience in teaching and training, you could be the person we are looking for. You should be good at the computer and have some experience in programme writing. You will be allowed to make your own decisions, and to design courses as well as present them. Pay upwards of £15,000 for the right person. Please apply by sending your CV (简历) to Mrs R. Oglivie, Palmlace Limited.
本文是一则招聘音乐制作人、圣旦老人、会计助理、软件培训人员的广告。
17.Who should you get in touch with if you hope to work in a radio station?
A.Producer Vacancies, Kiss 100.B.Mrs Oglivie, Palmlace Limited.
C.The Enterprise Shopping Centre.D.Wealden District Council.
答案:A。细节理解题。根据第一则广告的最后一句可知答案。
18.We learn from the ads that the Enterprise Shopping Centre needs a person who ________.
A.is aged between 24 and 40B.may do some training work
C.should deal with general dutiesD.can work for about a month
答案:D。细节理解题。根据第二则广告的“working days:Every Saturday from November 24 to December 15 and every day from December 17 to December 24 except Sundays, 10?30-16?00”可知D项正确。
19.Which position is open to recent school graduates?
A.Producer, London Kiss.B.Father Christmas.
C.Accountants Assistant.D.Software Trainer.
答案:C。细节理解题。根据第三则广告的最后一句可知中学毕业生适合这一工作。
20.What kind of person would probably apply to Palmlace Limited?
A.One with GCSE grade C level.
B.One with some office experience.
C.One having good computer knowledge.
D.One trained in producing music programmes.
答案:C。细节理解题。根据最后一则广告可知,擅长电脑和程序编写的人可以申请Palmlace有限公司。
(五)
A
(2011·新课标卷,A)
When milk arrived on the doorstep
When I was a boy growing up in New Jersey in the 1960s, we had a milkman delivering milk to our doorstep. His name was Mr. Basille. He wore a white cap and drove a white truck. As a 5-year-old boy, I couldn't take my eyes off the coin changer fixed to his belt. He noticed this one day during a delivery and gave me a quarter out of his coin changer.
Of course, he delivered more than milk. There was cheese, eggs and so on. If we needed to change our order, my mother would pen a note—“Please add a bottle of buttermilk next delivery”—and place it in the box along with the empty bottles. And then, the buttermilk would magically (魔术般) appear.
All of this was about more than convenience. There existed a close relationship between families and their milkmen. Mr.Basille even had a key to our house, for those times when it was so cold outside that we put the box indoors, so that the milk wouldn't freeze. And I remember Mr. Basille from time to time taking a break at our kitchen table, having a cup of tea and telling stories about his delivery.
There is sadly no home milk delivery today. Big companies allowed the production of cheaper milk, thus making it difficult for milkmen to compete. Besides, milk is for sale everywhere, and it may just not have been practical to have a delivery service.
Recently, an old milk box in the countryside I saw brought back my childhood memories. I took it home and planted it on the back porch (门廊). Every so often my son's friends will ask what it is. So I start telling stories of my boyhood, and of the milkman who brought us friendship along with his milk.
本文讲述了自己小时候与送奶人之间的故事。Basille先生不仅是送奶的,而且和他的家人建立了密切的关系。现在大公司开始大量生产奶,到处都有卖奶的,因此不再需要送奶服务,但作者很怀念以前的事情。
1.Mr. Basille gave the boy a quarter out of his coin changer ________.
A.to show his magical powerB.to pay for the delivery
C.to satisfy his curiosityD.to please his mother
答案:C。推理判断题。由短文第一段最后两句话可知:“我一直盯着他腰带上的钱包,当Basille注意到这一点时,从里面拿了一枚硬币给了我”。由此可知,是为了满足我的好奇心。
2.What can be inferred from the fact that the milkman had the key to the boy's house?
A.He wanted to have tea there.B.He was a respectable person.
C.He was treated as a family member.D.He was fully trusted by the family.
答案:D。推理判断题。由短文第三段可知,我们与送奶人有密切的关系,他有我们家的钥匙,并不时来我们家休息、聊天、讲故事。由此可推断我们一家人非常信任他。
3.Why does home milk delivery no longer exist?
A.Nobody wants to be a milkman now.
B.It has been driven out of the market.
C.Its service is getting poor.
D.It is forbidden by law.
答案:B。推理判断题。由短文倒数第二段可知,由于大公司生产大量的廉价奶,人们到处都可以买到,不再需要送奶的。由此可知送奶业被挤出的市场。
4.Why did the author bring back home an old milk box?
A.He missed the goo第5章书面表达
(一)
(2011·全国卷)
假定你是李华,你所喜爱的Global Mirror周报创刊五周年之际征集读者意见。请你依据以下内容给主编写封信,内容主要包括:
1.说明你是该报的忠实读者
2.赞赏该报优点:
1)兼顾国内外新闻
2)介绍名人成功故事
3.提出建议:
刊登指导英语学习的文章
注意:1.词数100左右,开头语已为你写好;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Editor-in-Chief,
Congratulations on the 5th anniversary of Global Mirror!
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Sincerely yours,
Li Hua
参考范文
Dear_Editor-in-Chief,
Congratulations on the 5th anniversary of Global Mirror!
I'm a regular reader of your newspaper.I like it very much mainly for the following two reasons. First, it covers both national and international news so that, by simply turning the pages, I can learn all important things that have happened during the week. Equally attractive are the success stories of world-famous people, which help me understand how a person can work hard to make the world a better place.
As a young student, I suggest that Global Mirror carry articles to guide us in our English learning, and I hope that it will become even more popular.
Sincerely_yours,
Li_Hua
(二)
(2011·湖北卷)
请根据以下提示,结合你校园生活中的一个事例,就与人合作这一话题,用英语写一篇短文。
Working in groups at school is an opportunity to learn more about teamwork.Teamwork shows us how other people's roles fit the purpose of the group,and it teaches us to be patient and how to respond to different people.
注意:①无须写标题,不得照抄英语提示语;
②除诗歌外,文体不限;
③内容必须结合校园生活中的一个事例;
④文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称;
⑤词数为100左右。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
参考范文
As one member of society, we always consider teamwork is essential for our success. As students, we can also learn much about teamwork from working in groups. Take one example, we once held a debate competition. And each side contained five students. We five were first debators. Before the competition, we five gathered together to make a good plan and efficient strategy. And then, each of us set out to collect information and materials for the speaking competition. Afterwards, we gathered again and checked, discussed and corrected the information. Through these steps, we did win finally. So, I really realized the importance of working in groups.
(三)
(2011·重庆卷)
某国际动物关爱协会面向全球中学生招募“动物代言人”,希望申请者选择一种自己喜欢的动物,为之代言(speak for)假设你是重庆新华中学的学生李华,有意参与该活动。现请你用英文在线填写申请(仅需填写“申请陈述”部分),内容如下:
●表示有意参加
●说明自己富有爱心、关爱动物
●打算为何种动物代言,并说明理由
●希望申请成功
Application Form (申请表)
Name (姓名)
Li Hua
Sex (性别)
F/M
Age(年龄)
18
Email Add. (电子邮件地址)
lihua @ xinhuaschool.com
I am a student from Xinhua Middle School in Chongqing,
China. ______
Statement of
Application
(申请陈述)
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
注意:
(1)请在答题卡规定区域内作答;
(2)词数100左右;
(3)“申请陈述”的第一句已经给出,不计入总词数。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
参考范文
I_am_a_student_from_Xinhua_Middle_School_in_Chongqing,_China._I would like to be spokesman for animals to try my best to protect them.
I like animals very much and I have a loving heart for animals, especially polar bears. So I want to speak for polar bears. Nowadays, the balance of nature is being destroyed and the weather is getting warmer and warmer. What's worse, some people kill polar bears for their own sake. As a consequence, the number of polar bears is becoming smaller and smaller. So, in order to increase people's awareness of protecting polar bears, I apply for the spokesman for polar bears sincerely.21世纪教育网
I do hope I can be chosen as a spokesman for polar bears.
(四)
(2011·四川卷)
最近,某中学生英文报开设了“After-class Activities”的栏目。请你根据以下提示,为该栏目写一篇英文稿件,并鼓励同学们积极参加课外活动。
1.你校开展课外活动的情况;
2.你参加过的课外活动及给你带来的益处;
3.为同学选择课外活动提出建议;
4.为学校开展课外活动提出建议。
注意:
1.词数100左右;
2.文中不得提及人名、校名及地名;
3.稿件的开头已为你写好(不计入总词数)。
After-class Activities
Nowadays, after-class activities are becoming more and more popular in high schools. ________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
参考范文
After-class Activities
Nowadays, after-class activities are becoming more and more popular in high schools.In our schools, there are various activities, such as arts and sports.We enjoy them very much.Playing football and reading stories are my favourite which do me a lot of good.Besides building my body and enriching my knowledge, they also do free me from heavy work of study.
Here I have some suggestions.To students, you'd better choose activities which interest you and others; to schools, they should organize more activities for students and leave students more time for activites by giving them less homework.
Dear friends, please actively take part in after-class activities, which will not only make your school life more colourful but also improve your study.
(五)
(2011·新课标卷)
假定你是李华,正在一所英国学校学习暑期课程,遇到一些困难,希望得到学校辅导中心(Learning Center)的帮助。根据学校规定,你需书面预约,请按下列要点写一封信:
1.本人简介;
2.求助内容;
3.约定时间;
4.你的联系方式(Email:lihua@1236.com;Phone:12345678)。
注意:1.词数100左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.开头和结束语已为你写好。
Dear Sir/Madam,
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Look forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
参考范文
Dear_Sir/Madam,
I'm Li Hua, a Chinese student taking summer courses in your university. I'm writing to ask for help. I came here last month and found my courses interesting. But I have some difficulties with note-taking and I have no idea of how to use the library. I was told the Learning Centre provides help for students and I'm anxious to get help from you. I have no class on Tuesday mornings and Friday afternoons. Please let me know which day is OK with you. You may email or phone me. Here are my email address and phone number:LiHua @ 1236.com; 12345678.
Look_forward_to_your_reply.
Yours,
Li_Hua
(六)
(2011·山东卷)
假设你是李华,你的美国朋友Tom上个月来到北京学习。七月份你将去北京参加暑期中学生英语演讲比赛(speech contest),你在资料搜集、语言运用等方面遇到了困难。请根据以下要点给Tom写一封电子邮件:
1.询问Tom的生活和学习情况;
2.谈谈你的困难并请Tom帮忙;
3.告诉Tom你打算赛后去看他。
注意:
1.词数:120~150;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
参考范文
Dear Tom,
I have missed you very much.How about your study and life in China?
I should tell you that I have something to be helped by you.In July, I will take part in an English speech contest for middle school students in Beijing in summer vacation.I want to make a speech about American scientist Thomas Edison.But I don't know about him deeply.Could you tell me about some background about him, especially how hard he studied science.Please tell me more about his spirit to devote to science, his story to innovation in science.I wish I could become a scientist like Thomas Edison to invent many new things to the world.And please tell me how to use the American motto and logion, which can make my speech more vivid.I will visit you after the speech contest.Thanks a lot!
Faithfully yours,
Li Hua
(七)
(2011·江苏卷)
右面这幅照片展现了女儿为回家的妈妈拿包的情景。请根据你对这幅照片的理解用英语写一篇短文。
你的短文应包含以下内容:
1.描述照片内容,如情景、人物、动作,等等;
2.结合自身实际,谈谈你的感想;
3.举例说明你能为家长减负做些什么。
注意:1.可参照图中文字及下面文章开头所给提示,作必要的发挥想象。
2.词数150左右。开头已经写好,不计入总词数。
3.作文中不得提及考生所在学校和本人姓名。
The burden of students has been a hot topic for years,but the load of parents has received little attention,especially from their own children.____________________ _____ _____ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考范文
The_burden_of_students_has_been_a_hot_topic_for_years,_but_the_load_of_parents_has_received_little_attention,_especially_from_their_own_children.
The picture shows us a touching moment when a little girl comes to greet her working mom. Realizing her mom must be very tired after a day's work, the girl helps to remove the bag from her shoulder. In response, the mom kneels down to show how happy and thankful she feels.
All this reminds me of my mother who has been doing whatever she could to let me have the best. But, totally engaged in my own study ,I seldom pay attention to what mother needs and feels, and always think studying well is the only thing I could do in return. Now I know I can do my bit to help with the everyday washing, bedroom cleaning, or at least prepare breakfast myself, so as to share mother's daily burden. The picture convinces me it is even more important be a good daughter than a “good” student.
(八)
(2011·天津卷)
假设你是晨光中学学生会主席李华。你校将于6月26日接待来自美国某中学的学生访问团。你受学校委托,负责安排其在津的一日活动。请根据以下提示,用英语给该团的领队Smith 先生写一封电子邮件,介绍活动计划并简要说明理由,最后征求对方意见。
上午与我校学生座谈(话题如校园生活、文化差异等);
中午与我校学生共同进餐(午餐包括饺子、面条等);
下午与我校学生游览海河。
注意:21世纪教育网
1. 词数不少于100;
2. 可适当加入细节,以使内容充实、行文连贯;
3. 信的开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
参考词汇:
海河 the Haihe River
Dear Mr. Smith,
I am Li Hua, chairman of the Student Union, from Chenguang High School.________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
参考范文
Dear_Mr_Smith,
I_am_Li_Hua,chairman_of_the_Student_Union,from_Chenguang_High_School.I'm honoured to make arrangements for you and your students on behalf of our school.In order to give the students from the two countries a good chance to understand each other better,we will have a talk about the school life,and the cultural differences in the morning.After that, we'll have lunch toghter in the school dinning hall, where we can enjoy some traditional Chinese foods, such as dumplings, noodles and so on.I hope the students from America will have a better understanding of the Chinese culture.In the afternoon, we'll visit the Haihe River, which is the most beautiful river in our city.I'm sure you will be deeply struck by the beautiful scenery.
I'll be glad to follow it if you have any better advice on the arrangements.
Thank you.
Yours_sincerely,
Li_Hua
(九)
(2011·浙江卷)
假设你是高中生李越,有感于校园中存在的随意涂写(to scribble)和乱丢垃圾(to litter)的行为,请用英语给校长写一封100~120个词的信。信中应包括以下内容:
1.说明写信目的;
2.对这些行为进行批评;
3.提出建议。
注意:信的抬头、落款及信的第一句已给出(不计词数)。
June 8,2011
Dear Mr. Headmaster,
I'm Li Yue, a student from Class 1, Senior Ⅱ. _____________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours faithfully,
Li Yue
参考范文
June_8,_2011
Dear_Mr._Headmaster,
I_am_Li_Yue,_a_student_from_Class_1,_Senior_Ⅱ. I am writing to draw your attention to some improper behaviour among as students: littering and scribbling. It makes our school dirty and unpleasant, and does harm to the image of our school. I always feel ashamed whenever I see this. It is clearly not appropriate for a student to litter and scribble about. I wonder if the school could place more dustbins around and set up specific rules against such behaviour. At the same time, students should be encouraged to develop good habits and better behave themselves. I believe that, with the joint efforts of both teachers and students, our school will become a more enjoyable place in the near future.
Thank you for your consideration.
Yours_faithfully,
Li_Yue
(十)
(2011·辽宁卷)21世纪教育网
假定你是李华,将于今年七月从新星外语学校毕业。你从报纸上得知B&B公司要招聘一名英文秘书,你很感兴趣。请给该公司写一封求职信,包括下列要点:
1.年龄;
2.学习情况及英语水平;
3.兴趣和特长;
4.性格特点。
注意:1.词数100左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.开头语和结束语已为你写好。
June 8
Dear Sir/Madam,
I learned from the newspaper that your company needs an English secretary________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I'm looking forward to your reply.
Sincerely yours,
Li Hua
参考范文
June_8
Dear_Sir/Madam,
I_learned_from_the_newspaper_that_your_company_needs_an_English_secretary. I'm really interested in this position and hope I can work for you.
I'm 18 years old and will be garduating from Xinxing Foreign Language School this July. I'm an excellent student, among the top 5 in my class of 50 students. I'm good at English, especially spoken English. I often use the computer and I type very fast. In my spare time, I read a lot. Poems are my favorite. I enjoy music very much too. Being an active young person, I like sports and outdoor activities. Besides, I'm easy to get along with and I like to make friends.
I'm_looking_forward_to_your_reply.
Sincerely_yours,
Li_Hua
(十一)
(2011·福建卷)
为纪念汶川大地震三周年,某英文报发起关于灾区新貌的征文活动。请根据以下图片提示,以“Great Changes”为题,用英语写一篇短文应征。内容要点如下:
1.某中学灾后三年来的变化,如教学与活动场所,以及师生精神面貌等;
2.发生变化的原因;
3.你的感想。
注意:
1.短文标题与开头已给出,不计入总词数;
2.可根据图片提示适当发挥;
3.词数:120左右
Great Changes
I am deeply impressed by the great changes that have taken place in the school over the past three years.
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参考范文
Great Changes
I_am_deeply_impressed_by_the_great_changes_that_have_taken_place_in_the_school_over_the_past_three_years.
On May,12,2008,severe earthquake destroyed almost everything in the school,leaving badly-damaged buildings.It is now,however,taking on a new look.Tall buildings have been put up,including classrooms and laboratory buildings,and a library.There is also a newly-built standard playground.In the new environment,teachers and students are living happily and working hard.It is really amazing that the once-ruined place has now been turned into a beautiful school,full of life.
Obviously, without the help of the whole society,there would be no new school today.It is love and concern that have brought about the great changes.Many hands makes light work.We can work wonders if we unite as a family,caring for each other and helping those in need.Union is strength.
(十二)
(2011·安徽卷)
某校英文报开辟了一个专栏:Experience。本期话题是如何解决学习中遇到的困难。请你以“My Approach to Difficulties in Learning”为题,用英语写一篇短文,谈谈自己的一些做法。
注意:
1.词数100左右;
2.短文中不能出现本人相关信息。
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参考范文
My Approach to Difficulties in Learning
As high school students, we run into one difficulty after another in the process of learning.Everyone has their own way to deal with them.Here I would like to share mine.
When I am faced with a difficulty, I usually choose to refer to relevant learning materials or Web pages.In this way, I can not only work it out but also improve my ability to overcome problems all by myself.
However, when it is something beyond my competence, I turn to my classmates or teachers for help.Sometimes I also ask my parents for advice.As a result, I have made steady progress in my studies.
(十三)
(2011·北京卷第一节)
假设你是红星中学高二(1)班的学生李华。下面四幅图表述了近期发生在你们班的一个真实故事,请根据图片的先后顺序,为校刊“英语园地”写一篇短文,词数不少于60。
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Last Monday, we were having our Chinese class when the teacher suddenly slipped and fell. We were all worried about her. One of the boys carried her on the back, with the help of some others, to the clinic immediately. It turned out that her right leg was broken and she had to stay in the hospital. The following day, we went to visit her with flowers and fruit. Seeing her lying in bed with her leg wrapped in bandages, we felt sorry for her and hoped that she would recover soon. This Thursday she returned to the class on a wheelchair to give us lessons. We were all deeply moved and proud of having such a responsible teacher.
(十四)
(2011·北京卷第二节)
请根据下面提示,写一篇短文,词数不少于50。
In your spoken English class, your teacher shows you the following picture. You are asked to describe the picture and explain how you understand it.
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参考范文
In the picture, there stands a tree full of fruit on one side of the stream. Across the stream, a man is trying to reach out on the edge of the bank for the fruit with a net attached to a pole. Not far away there is a bridge that can lead him to the tree for more fruit.
The message conveyed in the picture is clear. In pursuing a dream, we might focus on only one way of making it come true, forgetting that there may be alternatives. As indicated in the picture, if the man is willing to look for other possibilities, he can find a better and more rewarding way to achieve his goal. All he has to do is to turn around, cross the bridge and walk to the tree.
(十五)
(2011·湖南卷)
假设你参加所在年级的英文写作比赛,请按如下要求完成一篇短文:
1.简要描述下图内容,并点明主题;
2.联系实际,表达该图带给你的启示。
注意:
1.词数不少于120个;
2.不能使用真实姓名和学校名称。
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As is illustrated in the picture,one drop of water does not make a sea; one tree does not make a forest;one person does not make a society.It tells us that in our society two heads are better than one and unity is strength.Nowadays there are still many poor students.They can not afford to go to school.Luckily,many people and organizations donate a lot of money to help them receive college education smoothly.
In a word,we should offer our help and love to the persons in need.I believe that if every one of us can give help and love to others ,the relationship between people will be harmonious and our society will be a better place for us to live in.
(十六)
(2011·陕西卷)
假定你是中学生李华。在一位名叫TigerMom的学生家长的博客上,你看到如下内容。请你根据博客内容、写作要点和要求,给这位家长回复。
I'm the mother of a fourteen-year-old. I have a rule for my daughter:be among the top 5 students or get punished in one way or another. She has been doing very well in school, but some friends of mine keep telling me that I put too much pressure on her. Am I wrong?
写作要点:
1.表明自己的看法;
2.陈述自己的理由(可举例说明);
3.提出至少两条建议。
要求:
1.短文须写在答题卡的指定区域。
2.短文词数不少于100(不含已写好的部分)。
3.内容充实,结构完整,语意连贯。
4.书写须清晰、工整。
Hi,TigerMom,
What puzzles you is actually a puzzle for many parents in China. My idea is
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Hi,_TigerMom,
What_puzzles_you_is_actually_a_puzzle_for_many_parents_in_China_.My_idea_is that it is not quite right for you to do so.
Although high grades are an important factor in evaluating students and for their future university admission, development in wisdom , emotion ,health and life attitude should never be ignored.There are many examples around us.Some all A students in school have turned out not to be as successful in society as they were expected .The reason is often that the pressure from their parents allows them almost no time for other activities.Furthermore, punishment is by no means a wise choice to help them grow up mentally and physically.
So I suggest that you take your friends' advice.More importantly, let her live like a lovely girl; let her have more friends and social activities; and let her make mistakes of her own as we teenagers often do.
(十七)
(2011·江西卷)
假设你是星光中学的李华,将参加主题为“Let's Ride Bicycles”的英语演讲比赛。请撰写一份演讲稿,主要内容包括:
1.目前汽车带来的空气污染和交通堵塞等问题。
2.骑自行车的益处,如节能环保、有利健康等。
参考词汇:低碳生活(low-carbon life);节能(energy saving)
注意:1.词数:120词左右;
2.演讲稿开头和结尾已给出,请将其抄写在答题卡上且该部分不计入总词数。
Good morning,everyone,
I am Li Hua from Xingguang Middle School. The topic of my speech is “Let's Ride Bicycles”.
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参考范文
Good_morning,_everyone,
I'm_Li_Hua_from_Xingguang_Middle_School._The_topic_of_my_speech_is__“Let's_Ride_Bicycles”.
As is known to all, with the improvement of people's living standards, cars have become a popular means of transport, bringing great convenience to our life. However, they have also caused some problems such as air pollution and traffic jams.
How can we solve the problems then? As far as I'm concerned, riding bicycles is a good solution. For one thing, bicycles don't need any petrol and they are energy-saving. For another, bicycles are environmentally friendly because they won't give off waste gas. What's more, riding bicycles is a good way for us to exercise and it is beneficial to our health.
Therefore, let's take the responsibility to build up a low-carbon city by riding bicycles. Come on and join us!
Thank_you!
(一)
(2011·山师附中打靶考试)
假设你叫李华,现是山东大学的一名新生。请你根据以下提示,给你中学的英语老师李老师写一封感谢信,表达对他的爱戴和尊敬。词数:120~150。
提示:
1.对英语老师李老师教学的评价。
2.回顾在校时你的心情。
3.对老师的理解和祝愿。
信的开头已经写好,但不计入总词数。
Dear Mr Li,
I'm very excited to write to express my thanks to you.
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Yours,
Li Hua
参考范文
Dear_Mr_Li,
I'm_very_excited_to_write_to_express_my_thanks_to_you._
I am now a freshman of Shandong University, which I have been dreaming about. Mr Li, I still remember the days when you taught me English. My English has been improved greatly because of your creative work. However, at one time, the pressure of examinations, too much homework and the high expectations made me depressed. I was tired of the warning that if I didn't do my best, I wouldn't have the chance to go to college. Thanks for your encouragement; if not, I wouldn't have realized my dream. And now I really understand you. I wish more and more of your students could go to their ideal colleges. Are you still so busy? How I miss you!
Hoping to hear from you soon.
Yours,
Li_Hua
(二)
(2011·山师附中打靶考试)
假设你叫王平,现在在英国工作,你的朋友陈立写信告诉你他打算赴英留学,想知道初到英国可能会遇到的困难。请你用英语给他写一封回信,信的内容应包括:
1.可能会遇到的困难:语言方面的障碍、饮食的不习惯、想家孤独等;
2.鼓励他并表示愿意帮助他。
注意:
1.词数:120~150。
2.信的开头已为你写好,不计入总词数。
Dear Chen Li,
I'm glad to hear from you. You asked me about the difficulties you may meet with when you get here in UK.
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Yours,
Wang Ping
参考范文
Dear_Chen_Li,_
I'm_glad_to_hear_from_you._You_asked_me_about_the_difficulties_you_may_meet_with_when_you_get_here_in_UK. Now,I'd like to tell you something about it.
First,you may have problems about the language which you think you have learned so well. You may find it difficult to communicate with the natives, because many of them have a strong accent. Besides,you may not get used to the western food here or even hate to have it. What's more,you may feel lonely and miss your family and friends,especially in the very beginning.
However,you needn't worry about it. Several weeks later,you will get used to everything here and get to love the place,and I'll also try my best to help you when necessary.
Best wishes!
Yours,
Wang_Ping
(三)
(2011·南充高中第十三次月考)
假如你叫李华,是一名马上就要毕业的高三学生,打算在高考后利用暑假时间去做志愿者,做些有意义的事。请根据以下要点用英语写一篇申请,介绍自己,以便向相关部门申请志愿者工作。
1. 自己情况简介;
2. 自身能力;
3. 原意承担的工作;
4. 对志愿者工作的认识。
注意:
1. 词数100左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节,使行文连贯;
3. 文章开头与结束语已为你写好(不计入总词数)。
Dear Sir,
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Yours truly,
Li Hua
参考范文
Dear_Sir,
I'm Li Hua, a Senior Grade Three student. I will graduate from high school soon. After the college entrance examination, I intend to work as a volunteer in the summer vacation, doing something meaningful. I'm good at speaking English, so I can teach others to speak English or help people communicate with foreigners in English. What's more, I play basketball and football well and I am ready to help others with the sports.
I love volunteer work because I always think working as a volunteer is meaningful, necessary and important to make our world a better place to live in. Besides, I can gain much social experience from it, which is very useful for our future life.
I'm looking forward to working as a volunteer.
Yours_truly,
Li_Hua
(四)
(2011·西安中学第十三次模拟)
2012年伦敦奥运会已进入筹备工作,伦敦奥组委现向世界各地招募志愿者,招募具体情况见海报。
假如你是李华,18岁,现在是西安市某中学高三年级的一名学生。请根据上面的海报给伦敦奥组委写回信,应征其中一项自己感兴趣的志愿者工作。
回信中要求包括如下内容:
1.个人信息。
2.你的性格特点。
3.你的兴趣、爱好、特长。
4.你的相关经历。
写作要求:
1.短文须写在答题纸的指定区域。
2.词数120左右,(不含已写好的部分)。
3.内容充实,结构完整,语意连贯。
4.书写须清晰、工整。
5.邮件中不能体现本人真实信息。
Dear 2012 London Olympic Committee,
I'm writing to apply for a position advertised at your Volunteer Post. I would be interested in working as a(n)
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I am looking forward to your early reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
参考范文
Dear_2012_London_Olympic_Committee,
I'm_writing_to_apply_for_a_position_advertised_at_your_Volunteer_Post._I_would_be_interested_in_working_as_a_translator.
I am Li Hua, an 18-year-old Senior 3 student from a middle school in Xi'an, China. When it comes to my character, I am outgoing and friendly, enjoying communicating with people from all walks of life. As for my language ability, one year's study experience in the USA has equipped me with excellent fluency in both spoken and written English. Besides, as a devoted sports fan, I have familiarized myself with the vocabulary of many sports events.
I would be very grateful if you grant me a personal interview. If you need to know more about me, please feel free to contact me at any time by phone or email. 21世纪教育网
I_am_looking_forward_to_your_early_reply.
Yours_sincerely,_
Li_Hua
(五)
(2011·嘉兴一中三模)
假如你是李华,再过一个月就是中国的传统节日“端午节”。请你给你的网友Jimmy发一封邮件,邀请他来中国参加将在你家乡举办的“端午节”庆祝活动。内容须包括:
1. “端午节”的时间。
2. “端午节”的由来。
3. 和“端午节”相关的一些传统活动等。
注意:字数100-120;开头和结尾已提供,不计入字数。
Dear Jimmy,
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Yours,
Li Hua
参考范文
Dear_Jimmy,_
In your last mail, you mentioned to me that you will have a holiday next month and you'd like to make a visit to China. It happens that it will be the Dragon Boat Festival then and I'd like to invite you to come to China and experience how we celebrate it.
The Dragon Boat Festival is one of the most significant traditional Chinese festivals in China and we will have three days off for it. It falls on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month. The festival is meant to be in memory of a famous ancient Chinese poet, Qu Yuan. All over China, there will be a variety of interesting activities, like dragon boat races, making and eating Zongzi and salted duck eggs etc.
In my hometown this year, there will be a grand celebration during the festival. So do come to China and I'm sure you will have an unforgettable holiday.
Look forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li_Hua
(六)
(2011·莆田适应性练习)
最近你班举行班会讨论“家庭条件是否影响孩子的学习”。同学们看法不一,观点如下表。请你用英语给校英文报写一篇短文介绍讨论的结果,并发表看法。
观点一
经济拮据的家庭不能满足孩子生活学习的需要
观点二
优越的家庭条件能给孩子带来许多便利
观点三
优越的家庭条件不利于孩子独立能力的培养
你的观点
……
注意:
1. 文章开头已给,不计入总词数;
2.词数120左右。
Recently we held a class meeting to discuss
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Recently_we_held_a_class_meeting_to_discuss “Whether the family conditions can influence the students' study”. Different students have different attitudes towards it. Some students put it that if a student live in the bad conditions, he can't get what he wants. Some students think that those who enjoy the favorable family conditions can easily get convenience if necessary. There is no doubt that it will be helpful to their study and future life. However, others hold the view that it is against the development of independent living skills.
As far as I am concerned, I think college students are no longer children and therefore they should learn how to live on their own experience hardships and get mentally prepared for their future life. Only in this way can they become useful to society and enjoy a colorful life in the future.
(七)
(2011·宁德质检)
假如你是宁德市某中学的一名学生,为了结合你校开展的“感恩教育”活动,英语教研组决定举办一场以“感恩”为主题的英语短文比赛。请你根据以下提示用英语写一篇短文。短文要点如下:
1. 感恩对象: 如父母、老师。
2.感恩理由: 如父母养育之恩、老师培养之恩……
3.感恩方式: ……
注意:
1. 可根据内容要点适当发挥,但不要逐条翻译;
2. 文中不得使用真实的校名和人名;
3. 词数:120左右;
3. 短文的开头已给出,不计入总词数。
Always Be Grateful
As is known to all, it is one of the Chinese traditional virtues to be grateful to
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Always Be Grateful
As_is_known_to_all,_it_is_one_of_the_Chinese_traditional_virtues_to_be_grateful_to_whoever has been kind and helpful to us.
In my opinion, our gratitude should first go to our parents because they not only provide us with food and clothing but also care for us in many ways. They are always willing to do whatever they can to ensure our happiness. Second, we should thank the teachers who are making every effort to give us wisdom and knowledge and help us become useful persons.
As the saying goes, actions speak louder than words. Therefore, we should devote ourselves to studying so that we can live up to their expectations. It's also important to express our gratitude whenever we get help from them. In short, we should strengthen our sense of gratitude and take action to repay their love and kindness.
(八)
(2011·昆明适应性检测)
假如你是新华中学学生会主席李华,学校安排你给即将到你校任教的外籍教师Peter推荐(recommend)一名学生助手(assistant)。请根据以下要点给他写封推荐信:
1.欢迎Peter的到来;
2.推荐韩梅为学生助手;
3.韩梅的基本情况(17岁,高二学生,学校十佳学生之一);
4.韩梅的优势(电脑技术、沟通能力、英语水平等)。
注意:
1.词数100左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
参考范文
Dear Peter,
I'm Li Hua, Chair man of the Students' Union of Xinhua Middle School. It's great to hear that you are coming to teach in our school next semester.
I was asked to write to you to recommend Han Mei, a Senior 2 student of 17, to be your assistant. Han Mei is a diligent girl, who can use the computer skillfully and has a gift for communicating with others. What's more, she is one of the top ten students in our school, and her spoken English is extremely excellent. I'm sure she can be helpful in your work and life in China. If you have any questions about it, please contact me.
Looking forward to your coming.
Yours Sincerely,
Li Hua
(九)
(2011·安徽名校联考)
古话说:民以食为天。目前,粮食问题依然是世界范围内急需解决的问题。请以Food Shortage为题,写一篇100词左右的英语短文。简要描述下面的漫画内容,并结合生活实际,发表自己的感想。
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Food Shortage
From the very interesting cartoon, we can see many people are crowding on earth. Food on earth is far from enough to feed the surprisingly increasing population.
As you know, food shortage has hit many countries in the world and even caused social unrest in some areas. There are many reasons for the current world food crisis. First, annual world grain output has declined because of climate change. Besides, lots of farmland has been lost due to the rapid development of industry and urbanization.
Then what should be done about the problem? On one hand, we should focus on the environmental protection and improve the ecology. On the other hand, strict measures should be taken to protect farmland. In fact, the developed countries should take their responsibilities to help the poor ones suffering food shortage.
(十)
(2011·漳州质检)
在全国读书月到来之际,请你根据图中所示,用英文写一篇短文,对现在中小学生的阅读现象做个描述,并发表自己的看法。
pupils junior students senior students
注意:
1. 短文开头已给出,不计入总词数;
2. 词数:120左右。
Recently, a survey has been done on the readings among the students in different stages.
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参考范文
Recently,_a_survey_has_been_done_on_the_readings_among_the_students_in_different_stages.
For the pupils, they prefer cartoons just because these books provide them with interesting characters. Junior students express their feelings directly by saying:“Love stories are our favorites.” Maybe dreams about life fill their minds. Unfortunately, burdened/ loaded with endless homework, senior students have to deal with all the textbooks. They hardly spare any time for some other readings besides the required famous literature. They are longing for more, though.
As far as I am concerned, we should focus more on the teens' readings which should cover various materials. Despite heavy burdens, senior students should be involved in readings ranging from economics, politics as well as literature. Besides, humorous stories are popular in order to reduce the stress from exams.
To sum up, balance should be kept between study and other sources of absorbing knowledge.
(十一)
(2011·天津十二区县联考二)
学校将为2011届学生举行毕业典礼,邀请你作为学生代表发言。请你用英语写一篇发言稿,要点如下:
1)感谢父母、老师和同学;
2)简单叙述对学校生活的感受;
3)对未来的展望。
注意:
1)词数不少于100;
2)不要逐条翻译,可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3)文章开头已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear teachers and schoolmates,
Good morning!It is a great honor for me to deliver a graduation speech on behalf of my classmates.
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参考范文
Dear_teachers_and_schoolmates,
Good_morning!It_is_a_great_honor_for_me_to_deliver_a_graduation_speech_on_behalf_of_my_classmates. First of all, we should thank our parents for their sincere love for us. Whenever we are upset, they always encourage us. Besides, we should be grateful to our teachers for their help in our school life. Not only do they teach us knowledge, but also they help us shape our character. And we will also give our heartfelt thanks to our classmates for their friendship. Over the past three years, we've made great progress in every aspect. Now, we've grown up both physically and mentally. Please believe us! We are ready to develop our overall abilities to serve our motherland. We are sure to be your pride, my dear school.
That's all. Thank you!
(十二)
(2011·咸阳三模)
假如你是一名外籍教师,发现个别学生对英语学习失去了信心。请你写一篇英语短文来开导他们。
写作要点:
1.学英语的重要性。
2.提高英语成绩的措施(至少3点)。
要求:
1.短文词数不少于100。
2.内容充实,结构完整,语意连贯。
3.书写须清晰、工整。
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参考范文
As we know, English has already become an international language. It is widely used in the world. However, a few students find it hard to master it. Let me show how.
Firstly, make up your mind to learn English well and never give it up. Secondly, read the text aloud in the morning and try to remember the important words, phrases and patterns. Thirdly, finish all the homework on time. When you come across some problems, go to your teacher or classmates. Don't be afraid of making mistakes.
Following my advice, I hope, all of you students can make great progress one day.
(十三)
(2011·南平适应性考试)
假设你的美国网友Daisy给你留了一个离线信息(offline message),告诉你她最近没有上网是因为她的母亲重病住院,而父亲也在为生计挣扎, 她目前正处于苦恼中,不能专注于学业。请给她回离线信息,表达你的安慰和关怀。
注意:
1.词数120 左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.开头语已为你写好(不计入词数)。
Hi, Daisy,
I was wondering why you hadn't showed up online for such a long time.
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Kind regards,
Li Hua
参考范文
Hi,Daisy,
___I_was_wondering_why_you_hadn't_showed_up_online_for_such_a_long_time.
I'm sorry to know that your mother is seriously ill in hospital and that your father is struggling for a living. There is no doubt that what you are experiencing affects your life greatly, making you unable to focus on your study. I understand how you are feeling at the moment and I truly wish that I could be of any help. Life can be hard at times and we can never expect what lies ahead. Life is a challenge. We have no choice but to meet it. No matter what happens, you need to remain optimistic and try what you can to help your parents. It's by meeting difficulties and overcoming them that one learns how to survive. I hope your mother will be all right soon and things in life will turn better before long. Hope we can talk soon.
Kind_regards,
Li_Hua
(十四)
(2011·厦门适应性考试)
假如你是福建省某中学高三学生李华,拟参加某英语报社组织的“畅想未来,规划人生”的征文活动。请根据以下内容要点及要求写一篇征文稿。
内容要点:
1. 规划内容;
2. 规划理由;
3. 实现途径;
……
注意:
1. 征文应包含以上内容,可适当拓展;
2. 开头已给出,不计入总词数;
3. 征文中不能出现考生的具体信息;
4. 词数:120左右。
My Plan for the Future
Senior year is coming to an end. It is high time for me to think about my future plan.
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参考范文21世纪教育网
My Plan for the Future
Senior_year_is_coming_to_an_end._It_is_high_time_for_me_to_think_about_my_future_plan._
Since childhood, I have been dreaming to be a scientist to predict earthquakes. I can never forget miserable scenes whenever the earthquake strikes. The question “Can we do nothing but die?” echoes in my heart. I choose not to believe that!
Three months later, I will be a college student. I am planning to take a major to gain professional knowledge. After graduation, I will choose a world-famous university, where I can exchange knowledge and skills with top experts. “Theory without experience is blind.” I will catch any chance to gain first-hand experience.
I am determined to devote my lifetime to the great cause and firmly believe that, through joint efforts, predicting earthquakes will be a piece of cake in front of us mankind.
(十五)
(2011·绵阳三诊)
假设你即将参加你校主题为“Preparing Myself for College Life”的英语演讲比赛。请用英文写一则简短的演讲稿,内容包括对大学生活的构想和你打算怎么做来适应大学生活。
要求:
1.开头和结尾已经给出,不计入总词数;21世纪教育网
2.合理发挥想像力,适当增加内容;
3.字数:120字左右。
Hello, everyone,
My college life is right at the door and I am getting ready for it.
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That's all. Thank you!
参考范文
Hello,_everyone,
My_college_life_is_right_at_the_door_and_I_am_getting_ready_for_it.
College life is so attractive to me. I wish to improve my abilities in all aspects instead of just sitting in the classroom. It's a brand new beginning. So, in order to get used to college life as soon as possible, I should prepare myself for that from now on.
To start with, I will learn more about college life. Second, I will learn to be independent and manage my own life. Last but not least, I'll try to get along well with my new classmates because friends are always important.
I have a strong belief that my college life will be very wonderful.
That's_all._Thank_you!
(十六)
(2011·宁波模拟)
前不久的日本大地震不但导致核电厂爆炸,而且还在中国掀起了一场人们抢购食盐的浪潮。请你针对人们抢购食盐这一现象,用英语按以下要求为你们校报写一篇100~120个词的短文。标题自拟,不计入词数。
1.描述以上有关地震和人们抢购食盐的情况;
2.分析抢购的原因(如听信谣言、缺乏常识、……);
3.简短表述你对这一事件的看法。
参考词汇:iodized salt碘盐;panic buying抢购;rumour谣言
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参考范文
No Need for Panic Buying
Not long ago, a major earthquake hit Japan, which not only led to the explosion in a nuclear power plant, but also a wave of buying salt in China.
Why did people rush to buy salt? One reason is that many people believed rumors that iodized salt could prevent the hurt of radiation. As a result, they rushed to buy salt. Other people worried about an increase of price so they followed. Another reason is the lack of common sense among the public. As we know, it is not helpful enough to guard against radiation even by taking larger amounts of salt than usual.
So in my opinion, panic buying of salt is absolutely unnecessary.
(十七)
(2011·威海三模)
为了了解目前我国高中阶段师生关系的现状,BBC UKChina网站互动专区推出“高中师生关系大家谈”英文栏目。假如你叫李华,是一名高三的学生,想给该栏目发帖。帖子词数120~150,内容包括以下要点:
1. 你认为目前你校的师生关系现状如何;
2. 你与老师的关系如何;
3. 你认为师生关系应该怎样, 如何建立。
参考范文
In general, the teachers and students are in good relationship in which we respect each other in our school. Yet not many students would actively get in touch with teachers unless the teachers tend to get close to the students.
As for me, a quite out-going person, I'm quite willing to share my thoughts with my teachers. Whenever I have any difficulty, I'd like to turn to my teachers, especially my master teacher, and they always show love and concern for me and give me strong support and good advice.
In my opinion, teachers and students should enjoy an equal relationship. To build a relationship of this kind, teachers should become friends of students while students ought to place more trust in their teachers. Thus we could exchange ideas freely and both teachers and students would benefit from such a warm relationship.
(十八)
(2011·江苏石港中学最后一卷)
美国耶鲁大学法学院华裔教授蔡美儿(Amy Chua)的新书《虎妈战歌》(The Battle Hymn of a Tiger Mother)记录了她用严格的中式教育方法培养孩子的经历,引起了美国《时代》周刊等全球媒体关于东西方教育观念的讨论,其中的焦点之一是:“教育是否应该是快乐的?”
正方
反方
教育应该激励孩子快乐成长,应该让他们享受只有在童年时期才能拥有的幸福。
真实的人生就是快乐与痛苦同在,在童年时期也需要为此做好准备。
请你为学校的英文校报写一篇文章,向同学们介绍这本新书以及其引发的讨论,并表达你自己的观点。
注意:
1. 词数150个左右。
2. 文中不得提及考生所在学校和本人姓名。
A debate heated up recently, thanks to Amy Chua's book about a Chinese “tiger mother”.
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参考范文
A_debate_heated_up_recently,_thanks_to_Amy_Chua's_book_about_a_Chinese_“tiger_mother”. In her latest book entitled “The Battle Hymn of a Tiger Mother”, Amy describes how she adopts traditional Chinese methods to educate her children, which is considered by many westerners to be too hard and inhuman.
One of the issues being discussed after the book was published is whether early education should focus on children's happiness. Those supporting the idea argue that early education is intended to help children grow up in a cheerful atmosphere and inspire them to better themselves in an all-round way. Therefore we should allow children to enjoy the happiness which can only be found during their childhood. On the contrary, people holding the opposite view insist that since in reality life is full of happiness and pain, children should be well prepared for that even during childhood. Otherwise, they would find it hard to adapt to life in the future.
In my opinion, just as Confucius said, education methods should be adopted based on individual personalities. Moreover, educators should respect children as independent human beings.
(十九)
(2011·松江区5月)
实现有效的沟通,建立良好的人际关系,不仅要善于言表,更要学会倾听。请你叙述倾听的重要性,并说明你的理由。
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参考范文
Being a Good Listener
As we all know, being a good listener plays an important role in making effective communication and establishing good relationship among people. The reason is that while listening attentively to others, your respect can be felt by the speaker. Besides, you understand what is being said better and the conversation will go more smoothly. If parents are willing to listen carefully to what their children are saying, generation gap is sure to be narrowed. If teachers like to listen to their students, they will find it easier to tailor their teaching to the students' needs. If the students are patient enough to listen to each other, not only will the friendship be promoted, but they can also learn from each other, thus making up for their own disadvantages.
Being a good listener is more than listening with head nodding. From my perspective, you should pay attention to the speaker's body language, for it presents the speaker's feeling and emotions. In addition, eye contact is necessary, but you remember neither to make too much nor too little, or it may cause misunderstanding.
In short, being a good listener is very important, which can never be stressed too much. Therefore, be a good listener from now on! That's all for my personal opinion.
(二十)
(2011·福建四地六校联考)
如今许多学生喜欢在学习和生活中和别人进行攀比,请以Should We Compare Ourselves with Others?为题写一篇文章。21世纪教育网
注意:
1.文章开头已给出,但不计入总词数;
2.只能选择一个赞同或反对的观点;
3.文中不可出现考生信息,词数120。
Nowadays many students would like to compare themselves with others not only in study but also in life.
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参考范文(1)
Nowadays_many_students_would_like_to_compare_themselves_with_others_not_only_in_study__but_also_in_life._
In my opinion, comparing with other people is a good thing to us. Firstly, our society needs comparison to develop. Only when comparing ourselves with others can we know the aspects which we are weak in, then we'll make efforts to improve ourselves to a higher level. As an old saying says “Among any three people walking ,I will find something to learn for sure. Their good qualities are to be followed, and their shortcomings are to be avoided ”. Secondly , things are different from each other . Only through comparison, can we know the differences between us, and find the world is colorful. So it is advisable to compare ourselves with others. In this way, the society can be indirectly developed.
参考范文(2)
_Nowadays_many_students_would_like_to_compare_themselves_with_others_not_only_in_study_but_also_in_life._
To be frank, I don't think it is wise to compare ourselves with others. I don't deny the fact that we can benefit from it, but personally I think it does more harm than good. As our classmates have mentioned, by comparing ourselves with others, we may lose heart, get lost, and it may lead to breaking off the relationship with our friends. What's worse, it may cause the children's negative emotion, such as unhappiness, insecurity and envy. If parents pay more attention to other children instead of their children, they may neglect their children's feelings, which will lead to the children's misunderstanding and vicious circle. So in order to have a harmony society it's unwise to compare ourselves with others.
(二十一)
(2011·南师大附中冲刺卷)
最近,很多中学生都纷纷开起了自己的博客。一方面,博客可以作为展示自己的窗口,可以释放学习的压力,因此已经被越来越多的中学生所接受。但是,另一方面,很多家长和老师都认为管理个人博客要花相当多的时间和精力,会耽误学习。
请对这一现象进行简要介绍,并发表自己的看法。
注意:1.词数:150左右,开头已给出,不计入总词数;
2.参考词汇:开博客open one's blog
Nowadays, it is a common phenomenon that more and more high school students open their own blogs on the Internet.
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参考范文
Nowadays,_it_is_a_common_phenomenon_that_more_and_more_high_school_students_open_their_own_blogs_on_the_Internet. For one thing, it can provide a colorful platform to showcase their talent, and it is a way to release their pressure, and all this makes it more and more popular with high school students.
But many parents and teachers hold a different view, they think that managing one's blog will take a lot of time and energy, while this should be used to study which is their main responsibility.
In my opinion, I do approve of this activity. Opening and organizing an eye catching blog needs various abilities such as writing, designing, being skilful at computer and so on. Only if we master those abilities can we make a successful blog. As a consequence, we improve ourselves during the procedures of organizing our blogs.
Blog itself is of little harm. It is your attitude towards it that matters. We should take the advantages and avoid some bad effects.
(二十二)
(2011·潍坊二模)
假如你是李平,你的好朋友李华来信说,他的同桌经常打断他向他请教问题,他担心会影响自己的学习。请你用英语写一封回信。内容包括:
1.给别人讲题也会提升自己;
2.人人都有长处和不足,可以互相学习;
3.帮助别人学习可以使他们树立自信,从而促进友谊。
注意:
1.词数:120~150,短文的开头和结尾已为你写好,不计入总词数。
2.包括所有要点,内容可适当发挥。
Dear Li Hua,
How are things going?
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Yours,
Li Ping
参考范文
Dear_Li_Hua,
How_are_things_going?_In your last letter you talked about your recent worry about your study, mentioning that your desk-mate often interrupts you by asking questions. Now I would like to share my opinion with you.
First of all, there is no need to worry about your studies. When you explain something to others, you can get a better understanding of it, which can improve yourself greatly. So it's good for you. Secondly, as we all know, everyone has strengths and weaknesses. Although your deskmate is not good at lessons, he might do well in other fields like sports or arts. Therefore you can learn from each other. In addition, top students can help slower ones gain confidence by helping them with their lessons, which may help develop a friendship that both of you will treasure all your life.
I hope my advice can help. And best luck with your learning.
Yours,
Li_Ping
(二十三)
(2011·扬州三模)
请你根据下图,结合实际,以Responsibilities为题写一篇英语短文,分析考试后家长、学生、老师对考试结果的反应,并结合当前实际发表你的见解。
注意:
1. 仔细品味画面内容,要适当发挥想象,不要作简单描述。
2. 词数150左右。开头已经写好,不计入总词数。
3. 作文中不得提及考生第5章七选五新短文改错
◆七选五
(一)
(2011·新课标卷)
Money Matters
Parents should help their children understand money. __1__ So you may start talking about money when your child shows an interest in buying things, candy or toys, for example.
1.The basic fun_ction of money
Begin explaining the basic fun_ction of money by showing how people trade money for goods or services. It is important to show your child how money is traded for the things he wants to have. If he wants to have a toy, give him the money and let him hand the money to the cashier(收银员). __2__ When your child grows a bit older and understands the basic fun_ction of money, you can start explaining more complex ways of using money.
2.Money lessons
Approach money lessons with openness and honesty. __3__ If you must say no to a child's request to spend money,explain,“You have enough toy trucks for now.”Or, if the request is for many different things, say.“You have to make a choice between this toy and that toy.”
3.__4__
Begin at the grocery store. Pick out two similar brands of a product—a name-brand butter and a generie (无商标产品), for example.You can show your child how to make choices between different brands of a product so that you can save money. __5__ If he chooses the cheaper brand, allow him to make another purchase with the money saved.Later,you may explain how the more expensive choice leaves less money for other purchases.
A.Wise decisions
B.The value of money
C.Permit the child to choose between them.
D.Tell your child why he can—or cannot—have certain things.
E.Ask yourself what things that cost money are most important to you.
F.Talk about how the money bought the thing after you leave the toy store.
G.The best time to teach a child anything about money is when he shows an interest.
答案:
本文讲述了应该教会孩子怎样花钱,钱的基本用途是什么,怎样用钱买东西。
1.G 由下文可知,当孩子对买东西感兴趣时,这时你向他传述钱的事情。
2.F 由上文可知,给孩子钱,让他买玩具,买完之后再和他谈一下怎样用钱来买东西。
3.D 由下文内容可知,孩子已有玩具,所以他不需再买,故D项正确。
4.A 由下文内容可知,给孩子几种选择,要他去选择买什么样的才省钱。由此可知A项正确。
5.C 由下文内容可知,孩子可以自己选择。故C项正确。
(二)
(2011·辽宁卷)
Easy Ways to Keep Your Brain Sharp
Everyone is forgetful, but as we age, we start to feel like our brains are slowing down a bit—and that can be a very annoying thing.__1__Read on for some techniques worth trying.
1.__2__
People who regularly made plans and looked forward to upcoming events had a 50 percent reduced chance of Alzheimer's disease (早老性痴呆症), according to a recent study.__3__Something as simple as setting a goal to have a weekly coffee date with a friend will do.There's evidence that people who have a purpose in life or who are working on long or short-term goals appear to do better.In other words, keep your brain looking forward.
2.Go for a walk.
Mildly raised glucose (葡萄糖) levels can harm the area of the brain that helps you form memories and physical activity can help get blood glucose down to normal levels.In fact,exercise produces chemicals that are good for your brain.__4__
3.Learn something new.
Take a Spanish class online, join a drawing club, or learn to play cards.A study found that mental stimulation (刺激) limits the weakening effects of aging on memory and the mind.But the best thing for your brain is when you learn something new and are physically active at the same time.__5__Or go dancing with your friends.
A.Focus on the future.
B.This can be especially harmful to the aged.
C.It should be something like learning gardening.
D.So take a few minutes each day to do some reading.
E.But don't worry if your schedule isn't filled with life-changing events.
F.Luckily, research shows there is a lot you can do to avoid those moments.
G.In other words, when you take care of your body, you take care of your brain.
答案:
本文讲述的是保持思维灵敏的简易方法。即:聚焦未来,散步,学习新知识。
1.F 下文的1,2,3条就是避免思维迟钝的方法。
2.A 由下文可知经常做计划,制定短期或长期目标的人会做得更好,要保持思维超前,故A项正确。
3.E 由下文可知:同朋友约会喝咖啡这样的简单事情也行,所以你不必担心。
4.G 由上文可知:锻炼能产生有益大脑的化学物质,后一句是进一步说明,故G项正确。
5.C 由上句可知对大脑最好的事情是你学新东西时,身体也要动,即脑力劳动和体力劳动相结合的事,就像学习园艺以及和朋友跳舞这样的事情。
(三)
(2011·北京卷)
Public Speaking and Critical Thinking
What is critical thinking? To a certain degree, it's a matter of logic(逻辑), of being able to spot weaknesses in other people's arguments and to avoid them in your own. It also includes related skills such as distinguishing fact from opinion and assessing the soundness of evidence.
In the broad sense, critical thinking is focused, organized thinking—the ability to see clearly the relationships among ideas. __1__ The greatest thinkers, scientists, and inventors have often taken information that was readily available and put it together differently to produce new ideas. That, too, is critical thinking.
__2__ As the class goes on, for example, you will probably spend a good deal of time organizing your speeches. While this may seem like a purely mechanical (机械的) exercise, it is closely connected with critical thinking. If the structure of your speech is loose and confused, chances are that your thinking is also disordered and confused. If, on the other hand, the structure is clear, there is a good chance your thinking is too. Organizing a speech is not just a matter of arranging the ideas you already have. __3__ .
What is true of organization is true of many aspects of public speaking. __4__ As you work on expressing your ideas in clear, accurate language, you will imporve your ability to think clearly and accurately. __5__ As you learn to listen critically to speeches in class, you will be better able to assess the ideas of speakers in a variety of situations.
If you take full advantage of your speech class, you will be able to develop your skills as a critical thinker in many circumstances. This is one reason public speaking has been regarded as a vital part of education since the days of ancient Greece.
A. Rather, it is an important part of shaping the ideas themselves.
B. This may seem like a lot of time, but the rewards are well worth it.
C. It may also help you to know that there is no such thing as a perfect speech.
D. It has often been said that there are few new ideas in the world, only reorganized ideas.
E. If you are wondering what this has to do with your public speaking class, the answer is quite a lot.
F. The skills you learn in your speech class can help you become a more effective thinker in a number of ways.
G. As you study the role of evidence and reasoning in speechmaking ,you will see how they can be used in other forms of communication as well.
答案:
1.D 根据后一句,“最伟大的思想家、科学家、发明家经常取用早就存在的消息,然后重新整合形成新的观点”可知,应选D,及世界上没有多少新的观点,只有被认同的观点。
2. E 第三段讲的是在演讲课上,你学会如何组织你的演讲,故选E。
3. A 联系上下句可知,组织演讲不是一个整理你早就有的观点的问题,而是形成观点本身的一个重要部分。
4. F 你在演讲课上学到的技巧会帮助你成为一个更有效的思考者,下面几句都围绕这个话题展开。
5. G 前后都是as引导的从句,故中间这句也应该是as引导的句子。
(一)
(2011·海淀第二学期期末)
The First Americans
There was a time long ago when a land bridge connected Asia and North America. The first settlers in North America crossed this land bridge from what is now Siberia to Alaska. The people who made this initial crossing were probably following the animals they used for food.
Eventually, the oceans rose and the land bridge between the continents disappeared. The settlers, who I shall call the “First Americans”, could not return to their homeland. __1__
For the next few thousand years, the First Americans migrated south and east throughout North and South America. They made the journey all the way from Alaska to the southern tip of South America, a distance of more than 10, 000 miles. __2__
In the far north, above the Arctic Circle, the First Americans became hunters of the ocean. __3__ In the brief summer,they gathered berries and other plants. In the winter, they stayed in lodges much of the time preparing for the next summer. It was a hard life,but they learned to survive in these harsh conditions.
Farther south, in what is now Arizona, Utah, Colorado, and New Mexico, the First Americans became cliff dwellers(悬崖居民). They began by living in caves that already existed in the cliffs.__4__ The dwellings they constructed in many ways resembled today's apartment buildings.
__5__ They built a system of dams and canals so they could store and use water almost any time of the year. They were so successful that they could raise fruits and vegetables that were not found naturally in the desert.
In Mexico and South America, the First Americans founded civilizations that were among the greatest in the world. They built huge pyramids, lived in fabulous cities, and made great advances in science and mathematics long before the Europeans arrived.
A. They also discovered foods like corn and potatoes.[来源:21世纪教育网]
B. Along the way,they established many different civilizations.
C. The First Americans of the Southwest learned to irrigate the desert.
D. They would have to survive in the New World they had discovered.
E. They built boats of animal skins and hunted or fished for their food.
F. People living near each other tended to share similar environments and customs.
G. They discovered how to add to the caves by building structures of wood and stone.
答案:
本文介绍了从亚洲因追踪猎物而横越亚洲和北美大陆桥的最初的美洲人以及他们在美洲发展的历程。
1.D。由本段描述的因海洋面的上涨和大陆桥的最终被淹没可推知这些从亚洲到美洲的人们不得不在美洲生存下来,故选D。
2.B。由本段描述的内容:他们在最初的几千年间处在不断的迁徙中,从阿拉斯加到南美南端,行程多达一万英里,可推知他们在漫长的迁徙过程中创建了许多不同的文明。故选B。
3.E。从空前的他们成了海洋上的猎手,可推知E项正确。
4.G。从空前的他们居住在悬崖上已经存在的洞穴中和空后的他们的建筑在很多方面和现代化的公寓大楼相似,可推知G项正确。
5.C。本句为段落主题句,从下文描述的他们建设堤坝、沟渠并成功地种植水果、蔬菜,可推知C项正确。
(二)
(2011·海淀期中)
Our Fears Can Change the Reality of the Situation
At times,our worries and anxieties can defeat us. In addition, our worries can change our understanding of what is reality and what is not. Here is a brief list of techniques that you can use to help gain a better viewpoint on things during your anxious moments.
__1__ A person should take a deep breath and try to find something to do for a few minutes to get their mind off the problem. A person could get some fresh air,listen to some music,or do an activity that will give them a fresh perspective on things.
Remember that our fearful thoughts are made to seem worse and can make the problem worse.__2__ When unexpectedly having thoughts that make you fearful or anxious, challenge those thoughts by asking yourself questions that will maintain objectivity and common sense.
Be smart in how you deal with your fears and anxieties. Do not try to deal with everything all at once. When facing a current or upcoming task that makes your anxious, break the task into a series of smaller steps. __3__
Remember that all the worrying in the world will not change anything. Most of what we worry about never comes true. __4__ Everything else you can leave in the hands of God.
It is not easy to deal with all of our fears and worries. When your fears and anxieties have the best of you, try to calm down and then get the facts of the situation. The key is to take it slow. All you can do is do your best each day, hope for the best, and when something does happen, take it easy. __5__
A. Take it one step at a time and things will work out.
B. When feeling anxious, stop what you are doing and try to do something relaxing.
C. This will give you the confidence to manage your anxiety.
D. Instead of worrying about something that probably won't happen, concentrate on what you are able to do.
E. The next time you feel depressed,review your list and think about the good things that you have in your life.21世纪教育网
F. A good way to manage your worry is to challenge your negative thinking with positive statements and realistic thinking.
G. Completing these smaller tasks one at a time will make the stress more manageable and increases your chances of success.
答案:
有时担心和忧虑可能击败我们,使我们的智商变低,担忧、恐惧不仅于事无补还有很大的副作用,作者给出了几个解决问题的方法。
1.B。本句为段落主题句。由上文主题段可知此处应该从具体的应对措施谈起,从下文内容可知是感到焦虑时的具体的放松措施,故B项正确。
2.F。从上句的恐惧只能使事情变得更糟和下句的面对恐惧和焦虑通过问自己能否保持客观性和常识性的问题可知F项正确。
3.G。本句是对上文的总结,由上句的把要做的事情分成一系列的小步骤可知G项正确。
4.D。从上句对不可能发生的事情的担忧无济于事和下句的不如把这些事情交给上帝处理可知D项正确。
5.A。此处为段落尾句,由上文的解决我们面对的所有的恐惧和焦虑是不容易的事,面对恐惧和焦虑关键是要尽力保持镇定和采取逐步解决的措施,你所能做的就是每天都尽力做到最好,抱最好的希望,一旦事情发生,不要着急可知下文应该是一步一步地解决才能奏效,故选A。
(三)
(2011·东城练习二)
When I walked into the house after school, the first thing I noticed was a box with items I recognized from my dad's office. When he told me that he was laid off, I thought he was joking. Then I noticed his seriousness and realized he was telling the truth. My father has always been a hard worker. He has prided himself on his career. __1__ I guess I had taken his work for granted.
__2__ For starters, he was home all the time. It meant my bed had to be made, my room cleaned up, and my homework done right after school. I would come home every day to find him at the computer searching for jobs. __3__ He seemed down, though he tried to be optimistic. He asked my brother and me to spend less. I gave up my spending money,which wasn't much. I also found a part-time job.
__4__ He explained that he never wanted to be laid off again, so he was going to start his own business. Day by day, I watched him build it. One evening I asked if he needed help. “Only if it doesn't affect school, ”he said. I showed up at his office the next afternoon, and most afternoons after that for two months.
__5__ The terrible experience for our family taught me how to deal with difficulties. Now I know that through creative problem-solving, I can always find PlanB. I can ask for help and take risks. What I have learned from my dad's understanding of business and his work ethic(信条) are two of the most important lessons I will ever learn. And they will be my principles for success.
A. Providing for our family has been his joy.
B. I made every effort to solve his problems.
C. I began to notice how losing his job had affected him.
D. My father's unemployment created many changes in our lives.
E. After months of searching, my dad decided to go in a totally different direction.
F. His courage and determination helped him to become successful in his new career.
G. I always knew he was a hard worker,but watching him in action influenced me a lot.
答案:
1.A。由下句的内容(我想当然地认为他的工作是一份非常稳定的、使我们感到自豪的工作)可知答案。
2.D。第2段前几句叙述了家的改变,由此可知是父亲待在家引起的。
3.C。由下句内容(父亲是消沉的……)可知答案。
4.E。本段主要叙述了父亲开始自己做生意,由此可知父亲开始了一种与以往不同的生活。
5.G。本段写出了父亲工作的变故以及父亲的坚强对我的思想产生的影响,故选G。
(四)
(2011·西城二模)
Why Cats Scratch Things
It has long been assumed that when cats scratch objects with their front paws(爪子) they are sharpening their claws. __1__ Research on cat behavior suggests that the major reason for this behavior is communication. By scratching up the bark of a tree or the leg of your favorite chair, the cat is letting other cats or people know where she is and what she is up to.
Cats tend to pick a small number of noticeable objects in their environments to scratch such as trees, fence posts repeatedly. __2__ The scratched surface leaves a highly visible mark that can be easily seen by other cats. In addition, cats have special glands(腺) in their paws so that when they make scratching movements they leave scent(气味) that other cats can smell. The fact that cats leave scent marks by making scratching movements may be the reason that cats will continue to scratch objects even after they have been declawed. __3__
We don't know exactly what cats are communicating with their scratching. Both males and females do it. It is done inside and outside the home and even by cats living with no other cats around. __4__ Cats don't scratch up your furniture to bother you or just to be destructive, but for specific reasons, one of which is communicating. Cats also scratch to extend their bodies, during play,and possibly as a greeting or to relieve dissatisfaction when prevented from doing other things they want to do.
__5__ It is easier to prevent problem scratching rather than trying to change your cat's preference for the arm of your sofa after it has become a built up habit. Thus, the goal is to establish acceptable scratching habits by getting your cat to prefer a scratching post rather than the arm of your sofa.
A. It turns out that this is only a secondary reason.
B. This is why the tree next door looks so scratched up.21世纪教育网
C. Cats use other parts of their bodies to communicate as well.
D. Small pieces of bark have accumulated on the ground underneath.
E. Scratching can result in considerable damage,owner dissatisfaction.
F. Declawed cats may still be leaving scent marks on objects they scratch.
G. It could be a defensive warning or just a marker that announces its existence.
答案:
猫为什么抓挠东西?研究表明并不像人们原来认为的那样是为了磨爪子,而是为了交际……
1.A。此处表示意义的转折,故选A。
2.B。由上句所说的原因,猫喜爱不断地抓挠树木和篱笆柱子等其周边环境中较抢眼的东西可知B项是其结果:树木被抓挠得伤痕累累。
3.F。空前的declawed是关键信息词。
4.G。由上句即使周围没有其他的猫存在,猫也如此做,可能是作为一种防御警示或只是用痕迹宣布自己的存在。
5.E。从空后提供的建议(怎样保护你喜爱的贵重物品不被猫抓挠)可推知E项正确。
(五)
(2011·东北三省四市联考)
__1__ People use money to buy food,furniture,books, bicycles and hundreds of other things they need or want. When they work ,they usually get paid in money.
Most of the money today is made of metal or paper. __2__ One of the first kinds of money was shells.
Shells were not the only things used as money. In China,cloth and knives were used. In the Philippine Islands,rice was used as money for a long time. Elephant tusks,monkey tails and salt were used as money in parts of Africa.
The first metal coins were made in China. They were round and had a square hole in the centre. __3__
Different countries have used different metals and designs for their money. __4__ Sweden and Russia used copper to make their money. Later some countries began to make coins of gold and silver.
But even gold and silver were inconvenient if you had to buy something expensive. Again the Chinese thought of a way to improve money. __5__ The first paper money looked more like a note from one person to another than the paper money used today.
Money has had an interesting history from the days of shell money until today.
A. The first coins in England were made of tin(锡).
B. But people used to use all kinds of things as money.
C. No one knows for certain when people began to use money.
D. People strung(串连) them together and carried them from place to place.
E. Money, as we know,is all made of paper.
F. They began to use paper money.
G. Today anyone will accept money in exchange for goods and services.
答案:
本文是说明文,说的是货币的历史及其形态演变。
1.G。作为首句显然应该切入主题,符合此要求的选项有C、E和G项,但内容与第一段内容相符的只有G项。该项中的“Today”为暗示词。
2.B。依据行义逻辑,空前后内容有转折关系。该空前有metal和paper,空后有shell,且B项中有暗示词“kinds”。故选B。
3.D。依据行文逻辑,上下文间为递进关系。该空前有a square hole...,D项中有strug(串连)them together...,这是对前后内容的有效、合理的承接。
4.A。依据行文逻辑,上下文间为顺承关系。空前有Different countries...,空后有Sweden and Russia...,因此只有A项...in England与之相吻合,故选A。
5.F。依据行文逻辑,上下文间为因果关系。空前谈及中国人最先制造出金属货币,又因为贵重金属作为货币带来的不便而想出了一个改进的方法;空后紧接着引出纸币,故只有F项“They began to use paper money.”可以前后照应。
(六)
(2011·东北三校二模)
A survey conducted last week by China Youth Daily and Sina. com showed about 70 percent of 3,990 interviewees believe wealthy Chinese do not have a good reputation and are not worthy of respect. “Rich people on the mainland invest too little in charity and gain too much,” a student from Beijing Sports University said. __1__ They are a sense of social responsibility, self-discipline and a caring heart.
The number of people who make at least $50,000 a year increases by 15 percent a year according to the China Economic Times. __2__
The question how the rich became rich was on the top of the list from the interviewees surveyed. A post-graduate student at the Communication University of China said,“__3__” This opinion has been widely acknowledged by most interviewees.
__4__ Many voters thought better of rich people from Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan and western countries, rather than the mainland. Hong Kong property tycoon (大亨)Li Ka-shing was most highly regarded, followed by Bill Gates, mainland property tycoon Wang Shi and basketball player Yao Ming.
A professor from Renmin University of China called on the heads of Chinese companies to think and invest in a long-term way.“___5__”the professor added.
A.Even so, the survey also found wealthy people keeping the law, and having a sense of social responsibility and a caring heart,are respected.
B. Skilled communication is not the necessary quality for the rich to get social respect.
C. The survey suggests the rich,to become popular and respected,need three things.
D. Their social responsibility is not only in charity, but in being a tie connecting the company with the government and the public.
E. What's more,some wealthy people were found dishonest sometimes.
F. Our country now has 1.5 million rich people.
G. Some rich people are thought to have made their wealth through illegal means, such as bribery(受贿).
答案:
1.C。由下句叙述三方面的内容可知答案为C。
2.F。由上句内容可知,本段介绍了中国目前富人增长的比率,故答案为F。
3.G。由本段第一句话“富人怎样变富……”以及下句的This opinion可知答案。
4.A。由下句“许多选民对来自香港、澳门、台湾及西方国家的富人评价较高……”可知本段介绍的是哪类富人受到人们的尊敬。
5.D。由句意以及D中的关键词their(指上文的the heads of Chinese compaines)可知答案。
(七)
(2011·沈阳二模)
A punctual person is in the habit of doing a thing at the proper time and is never late in keeping an appointment. The unpunctual man, on the other hand, never does what he has to do at the right time. __1__
There's a proverb which says,“Time flies never to be recalled.” This is true. __2__. The unpunctual man is for ever wasting his most valuable possessions as well as others'. The unpunctual person is always complaining that he finds no time to answer letters, or return calls or keep appointments. __3__ He knows that he can get through his huge amount of work only if he faithfully keeps every appointment and deals with every piece of work when it has to be attended to.
__4__ If a person is invited to dinner and arrives later than the appointed time, he keeps all the other guests waiting for him. Usually this will be regarded as rude both to the host and the other guests.
Unpunctuality, moreover,is very harmful when it comes to one's duty. Imagine how it would be if those who are put in charge of important tasks failed to be at their proper place at the appointed time. __5__
A. They appear to be busy but never get well paid.
B. He is always in a hurry and ends up losing time.
C. Maybe nobody minds being kept waiting at a dinner party.
D. A lost thing may be found again, but lost time can never be regained.
E. But the man who really has a great deal to do is very careful of his time.
F. A man who is known to be habitually unpunctual is never trusted by others.
G. Failure to be punctual in keeping one's appointment is a sign of disrespect towards others.
答案:
守时是一种美德,而不守时的人永远不会被别人信任。
1.B。由上句“守时的人总是在合适的时间做合适的事情和约会也不迟到以及不守时的人从不能在恰当的时间做该做的事”可推知“总是显得匆忙而最终浪费时间”是对不守时人的总结。下文第2段空3前的内容也暗示了这一点。
2.D。这句话是对上一句谚语的解释。
3.E。空3前后是两种人不同做法的对比,空3引领下面内容。21世纪教育网
4.G。此句为段落主题句,是对下文内容的概括。
5.F。空5为段落尾句,既是对该段的总结也是对全文的总结,即“不守时的人永远不值得信赖”。
(八)
(2011·太原基础知识测试)
Maybe you are an average student. You probably think you will never be a top student. This is not necessarily so,however. __1__ Here's how:
Plan your time carefully. When planning your work, you should make a list of things that you have to do. After making this list, you should make a schedule of your time. First arrange your time for eating,sleeping, dressing, etc. Then decide a good, regular time for studying. __2__ A weekly schedule may not solve all your problems,but it will force you to realize what is happening to your time.
Find a good place to study. Look around the house for a good study area. Keep this space,which may be a desk or simply a corner of your room, free of everything but study materials. No games, radios, or televisions. When you sit down to study, concentrate on the subject.
Make good use of your time in class. __3__ Listening carefully in class means less work later. Taking notes will help you remember what the teacher says.
Study regularly. When you get home from school, go over your notes, review the important points that your teacher is going to discuss the next day, read that material. __4__ If you do these things regularly, the material will become more meaningful, and you'll remember it longer.
Develop a good attitude towards tests. __5__ They help you remember your new knowledge. The world won't end if you don't pass a test, so don't be overly worried.
There are other methods that might help you with your studying. You will probably discover many others after you have tried these.
A. The purpose of a test is to show what you have learned.
B. Don't forget to set aside enough time for entertainment.
C. Take advantage of class time to listen to everything the teacher says.
D. No one can become a top student unless he or she works hard.
E. Anyone can become a better student if he or she wants to.
F. Remember to take notes of what the teacher says in class.
G. This will help you understand the next class.
答案:
本文从五个方面阐述了怎样由普通学生成为优秀学生。
1.E。Anyone can become a better student if he or she wants to.在此起承接上句引领下句的作用。
2.B。从上文在介绍如何安排时间,即首先安排吃饭、睡觉和穿衣打扮等的时间,其次留出定期学习的恰当时间,按照常识和行文逻辑Don't forget to set aside enough time for entertainment.(别忘了留出足够的娱乐时间)就顺理成章了。
3.C。结合设空处前后句的内容可知,设空处的句子应该既是对段落主题句的解释又是对下文内容的概述,而Take advantage of class time to listen to everything the teacher says.正好满足了这一要求。
4.G。This will help you understand the next class.既是对上句话的总结,也和下文内容衔接。21世纪教育网
5.A。The purpose of a test is to show what you have learned.既是对段落首句的诠释,也和下句密切衔接,融为一体。
(九)
(2011·河南示范高中适应性测试)
What do you, the trees,and a bird have in common? __1__ All living things must have water to survive,whether they get it from a water fountain,a rain cloud,or a little bottle attached to the side of a bird cage.
__2__ Water makes up more than half of your body weight and a person can't survive for more than a few days without it. Why? Your body has lots of important jobs and it needs water to do many of them. For instance, your blood, which contains a lot of water, carries oxygen to all the cells of your body. Without oxygen, those tiny cells would die and your body would stop working.
Water is also in lymph, a fluid (流体) that is part of your immune system (免疫系统), which helps you fight off illness. __3__ Water is needed for digestive juices, urine, and poop. And you can bet that water makes up most of sweat.
In addition to being an important part of the fluids in your body, each cell depends on water to fun_ction normally.
__4__ Any fluid you drink will contain water, but water and milk are the best choices. Lots of foods contain water, too. __5__ You could probably tell that if you've ever bitten into a peach or pear and felt the juices dripping down your chin ! Vegetables, too, contain a lot of water—think of biting into a fat tomato from the garden.
A. You need water to digest your food and get rid of waste,too.
B. You all need water.
C. Without water,your body would stop working properly.
D. How much is enough?
E. Your body doesn't get water only from drinking water.
F. When you drink is also important.
G. Fruit contains quite a bit of water.
答案:
凡生命体都离不开水,不管是动物、植物还是鸟类。本文讲述了其原因和获取水的途径。
1.B。空1既是对文章首句提出的问题的回答也是文章的主题句,故选B。
2.C。空2承接上文,回答了“为什么”需要水,并且接着从四个方面进行了阐明。
3.A。空3承接上文“摆脱疾病”和衔接下文“消化食物和清除体内垃圾的需要”,是上下句之间的过渡句。
4.E。由下文的内容可知,空4引领下文,讲述获取水的方式。
5.G。空5承接上句内容,引领下文内容。
◆新短文改错
(一)
(2011·浙江卷)
I was playing at my cousin house.Since his family was rich than mine, he had more toys than I did. There was one on particular I'd always wanted. I put into my pocket when he wasn't looking. I guessed, even at that age, I would never be able to enjoy to playing with the toy or faced my cousin again; I would always know I'd done something wrong. Late on, my aunt drove me home. When she dropped me off, I pulled out the toy slow and gave it back. She knows what had happened, but she thanked me and ever mentioned it again.
答案:
I was playing at my house.Since his family was than mine, he had more toys than I did. There was one particular I'd always wanted. I put into my pocket when he wasn't looking. I guessed, even at that age, I would never be able to enjoy to playing with the toy or my cousin again; I would always know I'd done something wrong. on, my aunt drove me home. When she dropped me off, I pulled out the toy and gave it back. She what had happened, but she thanked me and mentioned it again.
(二)
(2011·新课标卷)
My summer travel started terribly. I was at the Shanghai Railway Station buy a ticket to Hang Zhou. I was going to visit a friend here and after that I would go to Xiamen for long holiday. I bought my ticket but turned around to pick up my bag from the floor and then I realized that someone had stolen it. Luckily I had all my money on my pocket, but the only clothes I had was those I had on. It felt very strange to travel without any luggages. When I finally arrived at my friend he lent to me lots of clothes. I feel very happy that I could change my clothes at last.
答案:
My summer travel started terribly. I was at the Shanghai Railway Station a ticket to Hang Zhou. I was going to visit a friend and after that I would go to Xiamen for long holiday. I bought my ticket turned around to pick up my bag from the floor and then I realized that someone had stolen it. Luckily I had all my money my pocket, but the only clothes I had those I had on. It felt very strange to travel without any . When I finally arrived at my he lent to me lots of clothes. I very happy that I could change my clothes at last.
(三)
(2011·辽宁卷)
In early January this year,the rate of UFO reports were steady,around three per weeks.When,however,on Monday,January 16,a science fiction film about visitors to outer space was shown on television,there was the immediate increase in reports of sigthings from all parts of the States.The commanding officer,Wayne Tyler,who directly responsible for the study of all such reports,decided to making his findings known.They wrote an article,which said that all UFO reports could be explained for quite naturally by aircraft movements.Follow this exlanation,there was a rapid drop in the number of reported sightings,because the rate remained above the previous level.
答案:
In early January this year,the rate of UFO reports steady,around three per .When,however,on Monday,January 16,a science fiction film about visitors outer space was shown on television,there was immediate increase in reports of sigthings from all parts of the States.The commanding officer,Wayne Tyler,who directly responsible for the study of all such reports,decided to his findings known. wrote an article,which said that all UFO reports could be explained for quite naturally by aircraft movements. this exlanation,there was a rapid drop in the number of reported sightings, the rate remained above the previous level.
(四)
(2011·陕西卷)
Last Sunday morning, when I was having a walk in the park near my home, I came across a crew make a new film with one of my favourite actor. I didn't have my camera with me at that time, but I rushed back home to get. Unfortunately, by the time I got back, they have finished the scene and the actor couldn't be seen everywhere. I was really disappointing and about to leave when he walked out a building. He was right there in the front of me! I couldn't believe my luck—not only did I had my photo taken with him, but he signed his name on my shirt!
答案:
Last Sunday morning, when I was having a walk in the park near my home, I came across a crew a new film with one of my favourite . I didn't have my camera with me at that time, I rushed back home to get . Unfortunately, by the time I got back, they finished the scene and the actor couldn't be seen . I was really and about to leave when he walked out a building. He was right there in the front of me! I couldn't believe my luck—not only did I my photo taken with him, but he signed his name on my shirt!
(一)
(2011·稽阳联谊学校联考)
We all have a strong desire to succeed. For some the desire is great than that of the average people. In fact, everyone wants to be successful so very few are willing to pay the price of hard working. Success is an attitude and has no really secrets. It all start with your belief system. Your belief system starts with what you feel about yourself. You must at first believe in yourself. On your journey to success, you will find that there are no shortcuts. You will never be able to completely master every detail of your life. Attempt to do so will only lead to disappointment. Besides, it's necessary of you to have clear goals. You'd better put your goals on paper where they are visible so that they can help to monitor your progress.
答案:
We all have a strong desire to succeed. For some the desire is than that of the average people. In fact, everyone wants to be successful very few are willing to pay the price of hard . Success is an attitude and has no secrets. It all with your belief system. Your belief system starts with you feel about yourself. You mustat first believe in yourself. On your journey to success, you will find that there are no shortcuts. You will never be able to completely master every detail of your life. to do so will only lead to disappointment. Besides, it's necessary you to have clear goals. You'd better put your goals on paper where they are visible so that they can help to monitor your progress.
(二)
(2011·海口二调)
It was snowing heavily Monday morning. Li Hua was at the bus stop, waited for Bus No.601 to go to school. After the while, the bus came and she got on it. There are many passengers in the bus. Some were talking but some were looking out of the windows. Suddenly the bus stopped. The driver turned around and said, “Sorry. The bus has been broken down. Please get off and help push the bus.” When we heard this, Li Hua and the other passenger got off the bus. They worked hardly together, pushing the bus slowly backward. Soon the bus was running again. All the passengers were smiling and the sun was shining.
答案:
It was snowing heavily Monday morning. Li Hua was at the bus stop, for Bus No.601 to go to school. After while, the bus came and she got on it. There many passengers in the bus. Some were talking some were looking out of the windows. Suddenly the bus stopped. The driver turned around and said, “Sorry. The bus has been broken down. Please get off and help push the bus.” When heard this, Li Hua and the other got off the bus. They worked together, pushing the bus slowly . Soon the bus was running again. All the passengers were smiling and the sun was shining.
(三)
(2011·河南省五市第二次联考)
My friend Tony and I always walk home together after school. Last Friday on our way to home, we heard a loud shout behind us. When we looked around to see what had happened, we found a woman lied on the ground, bleeding. We soon realized that she had knocked down by the car in front of him. We hurried to help her, and a man came over and tried to prevent us from getting closer to the wounded woman. We got very angrily with the man. How could he stopped us from helping a dying woman? The man asked us to turn around and we were surprised to see a man who were carrying a video camera on his shoulders. In fact, they were just shooting a film!How an interesting experience!
答案:
My friend Tony and I always walk home together after school. Last Friday on our way to home, we heard a loud shout behind us. When we looked around to see what had happened, we found a woman on the ground, bleeding. We soon realized that she had knocked down by the car in front of . We hurried to help her, a man came over and tried to prevent us from getting closer to the wounded woman. We got very with the man. How could he us from helping a dying woman? The man asked us to turn around and we were surprised to see a man who carrying a video camera on his . In fact, they were just shooting a film! an interesting experience!
(四)
(2011·郑州第三次质检)
Dear Mr. Li,
I'm very sorry to have missed the first two lesson this morning. I got up early as usually in the morning, but when I was ready to leave I find my bicycle's front tyre(轮胎)flat. I wanted to take bus or taxi to school, and I didn't have any money with me. I had to look for a place along the street to get my bicycle repairing. Unluckily, there were not any bicycle repair shops were open in the early morning. So I had to walk to school, carrying my bicycle all the way. That's how I was late for school.
Please don't worry with my lessons, Mr. Li. I will make up for it and turn to teachers for help if necessary.
Yours,
Wang Hui
答案:
Dear Mr. Li,
I'm very sorry to have missed the first two this morning. I got up early as in the morning, but when I was ready to leave I my bicycle's front tyre(轮胎)flat. I wanted to take bus or taxi to school, I didn't have any money with me. I had to look for a place along the street to get my bicycle . Unluckily, there were not any bicycle repair shops were open in the early morning. So I had to walk to school, carrying my bicycle all the way. That's I was late for school.
Please don't worry my lessons, Mr. Li. I will make up for and turn to teachers for help if necessary.
Yours,
Wang Hui
(五)
(2011·太原二模)
Dear editor,
I'm a student of Yucai Middle School. In primary school there is nothing wrong with my eyes. But later because more and more lessons I couldn't see as clear as before. Sometimes I even couldn't see that the teacher wrote on the blackboard. In order to make things worse, my parents bought me a pair of glasses when I was in a second year of junior school. It was uncomfortable to wear glass. Final, I decided to wear contact lenses(隐形眼镜).They make me to look more beautiful and I have trouble in wearing them. Please tell me what I should do.
Yours,
Wang Lin
答案:
Dear editor,
I'm a student of Yucai Middle School. In primary school there nothing wrong with my eyes. But later because more and more lessons I couldn't see as as before. Sometimes I even couldn't see the teacher wrote on the blackboard. In order to make things worse, my parents bought me a pair of glasses when I was in second year of junior school. It was uncomfortable to wear . , I decided to wear contact lenses(隐形眼镜).They make me to look more beautiful I have trouble in wearing them. Please tell me what I should do.
Yours,
Wang Lin
(六)
(2011·台州调考)
I firmly believe that everyone in the world loves his mother. So am I. My mother is an ordinary teacher. She always works hardly, just as other mothers do every day. In fact, she isn't good health. She had been suffering from arthritis (关节炎) for many years. In spite of this, he never stops working or gives up hope. I still remember the day that my mother accepted a card of congratulations for Teachers' Day from her director. The card was read “Thank you for your hard works; Happy Teachers' Day to you!” At that moment, I was so moving that tears came to my eyes. I am proud of my mother.
答案:
I firmly believe that everyone in the world loves his mother. So I. My mother is an ordinary teacher. She always works , just as other mothers do every day. In fact, she isn't good health. She been suffering from arthritis (关节炎) for many years. In spite of this, never stops working or gives up hope. I still remember the day my mother a card of congratulations for Teachers' Day from her director. The card was read “Thank you for your hard ; Happy Teachers' Day to you!” At that moment, I was so that tears came to my eyes. I am proud of my mother.
(七)
(2011·抚顺市六校联合体二模)
Behind my apartment, there was used to be a dirty and messy corner.Bits of plastic bags hanged on the trees.Broken bottles were left laying here and there.There was a damaging car in the center.The whole corner gave away an unpleasant smell.One year ago, we decided to turn it in a beautiful park.Since then, great changes have been taken place in that corner.All the rubbish have been cleared away.Flowers and young trees have planted all over.Now birds come here to sing, children come here to play, and adults come here to enjoy our peaceful life.It has taken on a new look.
答案:
Behind my apartment, there was used to be a dirty and messy corner.Bits of plastic bags on the trees.Broken bottles were left here and there.There was a car in the center.The whole corner gave an unpleasant smell.One year ago, we decided to turn it a beautiful park.Since then, great changes have been taken place in that corner.All the rubbish been cleared away.Flowers and young trees have planted all over.Now birds come here to sing, children come here to play, and adults come here to enjoy peaceful life.It has taken on a new look.
(八)
(2011·宁波效实中学模拟)
March 22nd, Tuesday Cloudy21世纪教育网
I watch TV until nearly 12 o'clock, so I could not go over my lessons. This morning I got up very late that I had to hurry to school without breakfast. Yet I was late for the first class. When I entered the classroom, the maths teacher also had to stop explaining an important problem, and all the eyes fixed upon me. My face turned red. Something even bad happened on me in the English class. The teacher asked me to recite the text, but I could speak nothing but sorry, because I did not spend any times preparing my lessons. The teacher looked at me coldly. I stood at my bench, not dare to raise my head. What a terrible day I had! I will never do something like this again.
答案:
March 22nd, Tuesday Cloudy
I TV until nearly 12 o'clock, so I could not go over my lessons. This morning I got up late that I had to hurry to school without breakfast. Yet I was late for the first class. When I entered the classroom, the maths teacher also had to stop explaining an important problem, and all the eyes fixed upon me. My face turned red. Something even happened me in the English class. The teacher asked me to recite the text, but I could nothing but sorry, because I did not spend any preparing my lessons. The teacher looked at me coldly. I stood at my bench, not to raise my head. What a terrible day I had! I will never do like this again.
(九)
(2011·开化中学热身卷)
Mike called his wife to tell him that he had got two film tickets. He asked her to go and meet him outside the theatre. Mike's wife is very glad because they hadn't seen a film for quite long time. She met her husband at the entrance of the cinema. Mike took out his wallet to get the ticket, so they were not there. He then tried his pockets, but the tickets were not there, too. Mike looked very worrying. “What's the matter?” asked his wife. “Well,” Mike explained, “I remember that I did with them. I put them on the desk and forgot to pick them up before leaving for the office!”
答案:
Mike called his wife to tell that he had got two film tickets. He asked her to go and meet him outside the theatre. Mike's wife very glad because they hadn't seen a film for quite long time. She met her husband at the entrance the cinema. Mike took out his wallet to get the , they were not there. He then tried his pockets, but the tickets were not there, . Mike looked very . “What's the matter?” asked his wife. “Well,” Mike explained, “I remember I did with them. I put them on the desk and forgot to pick them up before leavingfor the office!”
(十)
(2011·咸阳三模)
We middle school students have had many tests or exam. We have achieved success and suffer failure. Different students take different attitudes to failure.
Some is in low spirits when they don't do well in the exams. They usually lose their heart and no longer study so harder as before. But most students take an active attitude towards failure. They encourage themselves be confidently. They try to find out but analyse the causes so that they will no longer make same mistakes.
I agree with those which have active attitudes. As we are all know, failure is the mother of success.
答案:
We middle school students have had many tests or . We have achieved success and failure. Different students take different attitudes to failure.
Some in low spirits when they don't do well in the exams. They usually lose their heart and no longer study so as before. But most students take an active attitude towards failure. They encourage themselves be . They try to find out analyse the causes so that they will no longer make same mistakes.
I agree with those have active attitudes. As we are all know, failure is the mother of success.
(十一)
(2011·丹东四校联考)
Many years ago, I was travelling in the northwest of Indian.One evening, after hunting in the forest all day, I was returning alone to the place which I had put up my tent.It was growing dark but I was walking along a narrow path.On my right was a wide river, and on my left , thick dark forest.Suddenly, I saw two eyes looking at me from among the trees.A tiger was about to jump on me.What should I do? Should I jump into the river and hoped to save my life by swimming? I looked to the right.In the river there was a huge crocodile waited to welcome me with its mouth widely open.I was so frightened that I closed my eyes.When I opened it, what do you think was happened? The tiger had jumped right over me and was now in the mouth of the crocodile.Believe or not!
答案:
Many years ago, I was travelling in the northwest of .One evening, after hunting in the forest all day, I was returning alone to the place I had put up my tent.It was growing dark I was walking along a narrow path.On my right was a wide river, and on my left, thick dark forest.Suddenly, I saw two eyes looking at me from among the trees.A tiger was about to jump on me.What should I do? Should I jump into the river and to save my life by swimming?I looked to the right.In the river there was a huge crocodile to welcome me with its mouth open.I was so frightened that I closed my eyes.When I opened , what do you think happened? The tiger had jumped right over me and was now in the mouth of the crocodile.Believe or not!
(十二)
(2011·咸阳第二次适应性训练)
Time and tide wait no man. My mother is becoming a middle-age woman quietly. She had been busy running after us all the years. My father is very busy every day outside. But the heavy burden falls on my mother's shoulder. Because my school is far from my home, I have to go to school by the train and my mother sees me off at the station every time. I often choose a seat where is close to the window, so I can see her. However, I always can't help run tears from my eyes. All the buildings and people outside the window disappear. I wave gentle to my mother and I look at her till the view of her back disappears . Up to now, even if he is busy, she still does it as usual.The view of my mother's back will never change in my heart.
答案:
Time and tide wait no man. My mother is becoming a woman quietly. She been busy running after us all the years. My father is very busy every day outside. the heavy burden falls on my mother's . Because my school is far from my home, I have to go to school by the train and my mother sees me off at the station every time. I often choose a seat is close to the window, so I can see her. However, I always can't help tears from my eyes. All the buildings and people outside the window disappear. I wave to my mother and I look at her till the view of her back disappears . Up to now, even if is busy, she still does it as usual.The view of my mother's back will never change in my heart.
(十三)
(2011·诸暨期末)
A wolf left his home one evening on fine spirits and with an excellent appetite.As he ran, the setting sun cast his shadow far out on the ground. It looks as if the wolf were a hundred time bigger than he really did. The wolf said proudly,“Seeing how big I am! It is certainly that I can beat a tiny lion! I'll show him who is fit to be King, he or me.” Just then a huge shadow covered him entirely, and next moment a lion strike him down with a single blow. Do not let your imagination to make you forget realities.21世纪教育网
答案:
A wolf left his home one evening fine spirits and with an excellent appetite.As he ran, the setting sun cast his shadow far out on the ground. It as if the wolf were a hundred bigger than he really . The wolf said proudly,“ how big I am! It is that I can beat a tiny lion! I'll show him who is fit to be King, he or .” Just then a huge shadow covered him entirely, and next moment a lion him down with a single blow. Do not let your imagination to make you forget realities.
(十四)
(2011·西安市五大名校一模)21世纪教育网
Alexander was a military genius or great explorer. But he also had a great ambition. He wanted to rule a country that people could live in peace with one another. From 330 to 327 BC, Alexander led his soldier east, through Afghanistan and into Central Asia. As he travel, he built more cities. He ordered soldiers, merchants, and scholars from many lands to settle here.
In 326 BC Alexander turned south, into India. But by now his men were tired and weak. They were far home in an unknown land. The soldiers refused to go farther. Unwillingly, Alexander turned back. By 323 BC, he reached for Babylon in Iraq. There he caught fever and died at the age of 33. His country was divided between his generals.
答案:
Alexander was a military genius great explorer. But he also had a great ambition. He wanted to rule a country people could live in peace with one another. From 330 to 327 BC, Alexander led his east, through Afghanistan and into Central Asia. As he , he built more cities. He ordered soldiers, merchants, and scholars from many lands to settle .
In 326 BC Alexander turned south, into India. But by his men were tired and weak. They were far home in an unknown land. The soldiers refused to go farther. Unwillingly, Alexander turned back. By 323 BC, he reached for Babylon in Iraq. There he caught fever and died at the age of 33. His country was divided his generals.
(十五)
(2011·沈阳四校协作体测试)
If you park your car in the wrong place, the traffic policeman will soon find.You will be very luck if he lets you to go without a ticket.Therefore, this does not always happen.Traffic police are sometimes very politely.During a holiday in Sweden, I find this note in my car: “sir, we welcome you to our city.This is a ‘No Parking’ area.You will enjoy your stay here if you pay attention to your street signs.This note is only a reminder.” Whether you receive a request like this, you can not fail to obey it!21世纪教育网
答案:
If you park your car in the wrong place, traffic policeman will soon find .You will be very if he lets you to go without a ticket. , this does not always happen.Traffic police are sometimes very .During a holiday in Sweden, I this note my car: “sir, we welcome you to our city.This is a ‘No Parking’ area.You will enjoy your stay here if you pay attention to street signs.This note is only a reminder.” you receive a request like this, you can not fail to obey it!
(十六)
(2011·辽宁省铁岭六校联考)
Dear friends,
It is real a good chance to have met all of you here. We have spent several precious weekend in learning in the English Club. Although we have been members for a short period of times, we have made a great progress. That is because we are all very much active and the activities are not only enjoyable and also helpful. Besides, the foreign teachers here work hard and try his best to make the activities lively and interested. I am very pleased to say that all of us greatly improved our spoken English so far. I am looking forward to see all of you again in the near future!
答案:
Dear friends,
It is a good chance to have met all of you here. We have spent several precious in learning in the English Club. Although we have been members for a short period of , we have made a great progress. That is because we are all very much active and the activities are not only enjoyable also helpful. Besides, the foreign teachers here work hard and try best to make the activities lively and . I am very pleased to say that all of us greatly improved our spoken English so far. I am looking forward to all of you again in the near future!
(十七)
(2011·辽宁省实验中学期末)
When Jack bowed to someone, he always did it much too quickly.They needn't to wait any longer after he finished nodding his head.So he was blamed for no manner.Then a warm-hearted man teaches him, “When you bow to somebody next time, you can count the January, February, March, until December.Then you can lift your body.Thus, the ceremony will almost perfect.”The next day, he met his uncle, but he did as the man told him to.The bow was too long that it made his uncle escape soon with a surprising look.When Jack looked down, he found his uncle gone.So he asked a passer-by, “In which month did she go away?”
答案:
When Jack bowed to someone, he always did it much too quickly.They needn't to wait any longer after he finished nodding his head.So he was blamed for no .Then a warm-hearted man him, “When you bow to somebody next time, you can counttheJanuary, February, March, until December.Then you can lift your body.Thus, the ceremony will almost perfect”.The next day, he met his uncle, he did as the man told him to.The bow was long that it made his uncle escape soon with a look.When Jack looked , he found his uncle gone.So he asked a passer-by, “In which month did go away?”
(十八)
(2011·郑州一检)
Dear Fangfang,
I'm sorry to learn that you were not getting on well with your English study recently.I'd like to give you some advice on learning English.
First of all, you should be confidently in yourself, which is first step in learning English well.Secondly, you'd better make friends with the students who are good at English, so they are very likely to helping you when you meet difficulties.Thirdly, learning English well is a long process.Remember: to reward yourself when you have made progress, that will inspire you greatly.Anyway, you must work hard on English and never give up learning it.Just believe in yourselves.Where there is a will, there is a way.
Hope my suggestions will give you some of help.
Sincerely yours,
Li Ming
答案:
Dear Fangfang,
I'm sorry to learn that you not getting on well with your English study recently.I'd like to give you some advice on learning English.
First of all, you should be in yourself, which is first step in learning English well.Secondly, you'd better make friends with the students who are good at English, they are very likely to you when you meet difficulties.Thirdly, learning English well is a long process.Remember: to reward yourself when you have made progress, will inspire you greatly.Anyway, you must work hard English and never give up learning it.Just believe in .Where there is a will, there is a way.
Hope my suggestions will give you some of help.
Sincerely yours,
Li Ming
(十九)
(2011·杭州第一次质检)
I have noticed that much of the fiction and nonfiction works publishing in Teen Magazine have a happy ending. While these are pleasantly to read, one has to ask how it is possible that there is so much optimism. I'm all for positive thinking, and readers should also be exposed by the darker side of life. Why publish a story about someone whose experiences a tragedy and gets nothing in return? After all, that's life.
Not every story have a happy ending. I think this would benefit from Teen Magazine's readers to see both kinds: happy and real.
答案:
I have noticed that of the fiction and nonfiction works in Teen Magazine have a happy ending. While these are to read, one has to ask how it is possible that there is so much optimism. I'm all for positive thinking, readers should also be exposed the darker side of life. Why publish a story about someone experiences a tragedy and gets nothing in return? After all, that's life.
Not every story a happy ending. I think would benefit from Teen Magazine's readers to see both kinds: happy and real.
(二十)
(2011·浙江省六校4月联考英语试卷)
Recently, our school has held the meaningful discussion on whether it is reasonable for middle school students to have classes on weekends. Some of our classmates believe we should have classes on weekends because we can make fully use of the free time to review the lessons we had learnt. Some others are against the opinion, saying we had better to have a good rest on weekends so that we can work effective during the weekdays. The rest agree with neither of the opinion. They have the view which keeping the balance between work and play are both important for us. They suggest one day of the weekend should used to learn our lessons and during the other day we do something interested or have a rest.
答案:
Recently, our school has held meaningful discussion on whether it is reasonable for middle school students to have classes on weekends. Some of our classmates believe we should have classes on weekends because we can make use of the free time to review the lessons we learnt. Some others are against the opinion, saying we had better to have a good rest on weekends so that we can work during the weekdays. The rest agree with neither of the . They have the view keeping the balance between work and play both important for us. They suggest one day of the weekend should used to learn our lessons and during the other day we do something or have a rest.
(二十一)
(2011·宝鸡质检一)
I still remember how nervously I was on my first day in the new school three years ago, when I found difficult to follow my teacher in the first English class. The teacher spoke English throughout the class, that was totally different from lessons I had taken before.
In the morning class the next day, the English teacher came to me while I am reading the text aloud as other students.After listen to me for a while, she gave me a big smile and said he liked my voice very much.The smile shone on the whole day and the following days.A week later, I was volunteered to take charge of English study in my class.Thank to the comforting smile in my first morning class, I began to confident.
答案:
I still remember how I was on my first day in the new school three years ago, when I found difficult to follow my teacher in the first English class. The teacher spoke English throughout the class, was totally different from lessons I had taken before.
In the morning class the next day, the English teacher came to me while I reading the text aloud as other students.After to me for a while, she gave me a big smile and said liked my voice very much.The smile shone on the whole day and the following days.A week later, I was volunteered to take charge of English study in my class. to the comforting smile in my first morning class, I began to confident.
(二十二)
(2011·浙江省高考名校名师新编“百校联盟”交流联考卷)
One Saturday afternoon, Li Hua and Wang Ping, members from “Green Eyes”, was having an environmental protection activity near the riverside when they catch sight of a bird on the ground. They picked it out and found it wounded. Thinking it might die without timely help, they took it to home. They made a nest for it but fed it with rice and water. Under their treatment and care, the lucky birds got recovered soon. When time came for them fly the bird back to nature, they felt a bit pity but very delighting.
I think it's worthwhile for him to do such a thing. Here I call on the public to show respect to nature. Only by changing the way we treat the environment can we get along good with it.
答案:
One Saturday afternoon, Li Hua and Wang Ping, members from “Green Eyes”, having an environmental protection activity near the riverside when they sight of a bird on the ground. They picked it and found it wounded. Thinking it might die without timely help, they took it to home. They made a nest for it fed it with rice and water. Under their treatment and care, the lucky got recovered soon. When time came for them fly the bird back to nature, they felt a bit pity but very .
I think it's worthwhile for to do such a thing. Here I call on the public to show respect to nature. Only by changing the way we treat the environment can we get along with it.21世纪教育网
(二十三)
(2011·东北三省四市联考)
I just came back from Britain last week. I was luckily enough to be one of the students from different country to visit the UK from Feb. 16 to 28. We paid a visit to a good many of places, like London, Oxford or the Lake District. I learned much about British culture and history in London, where was my favorite. I also liked Oxford, in which I saw much more old buildings. The Lake District was beautiful, but it was pity that it rained heavily when they were there. The most excited thing for me in Britain was that I make a lot of friends there.
答案:
I just came back from Britain last week. I was enough to be one of the students from different to visit the UK from Feb. 16 to 28. We paid a visit to a good many of places, like London, Oxford the Lake District. I learned much about British culture and history in London, was my favorite. I also liked Oxford, in which I saw more old buildings. The Lake District was beautiful, but it was pity that it rained heavily when were there. The most thing for me in Britain was that I a lot of friends there.
第6章阅读表达
(一)
(2011·天津卷)
In college,Spring Break (春假) is usually associated with the beach,parties and sleepless nights,bringing about relaxation,free time and friends. Students who wish to spend their break doing something productive and rewarding,however,may choose to participate in the Alternative Break Program.It places college students in communities both at home and abroad.
The Program allows students to take part in various projects dealing with issues such as literacy (识字) ,homelessness and the environment.It includes helping kids with their lessons,raising money for families in need and collecting data for environmental research.
The hope is that,by getting themsevles involved in different environments,students will have the opportunity to learn about members of communities and broaden their view.In turn,they will incorporate(融合) their experiences and lessons learned into their own communities.In a word, the Program aims to encourage students to be active citizens and engage themselves in making a difference in society.
In the spring of 2006,about 36,000 students in the USA participated in the Alternative Break Program.
Samantha Giacobozzi,now director of the Program,has been on five alternative break trips herself,including trips to New Orleans,India and the Dominican Republic.“I was a student who went on alternative break trips and had my life totally transformed by that experience,” she said. “Every year, we meet many students who have attended the Program. You can see changes in their life that are connected with their alternative break experiences.”
The Program began in 1991.Today,it has become increasingly popular with college students in the United States.
1.Who may choose to participate in the Alternative Break Program?(No more than 10 words)
________________________________________________________________________
2.What is the aim of the Program?(No more than 15 words)
________________________________________________________________________
3.What is the meaning of the underlined word“transformed” in Paragraph 5?(1 word)
________________________________________________________________________
4.What is Samantha's attitude toward the Program?(No more than 10 words)
________________________________________________________________________
5.If you take part in the Program,which project are you interested in?And why?(No more than 25 words)
________________________________________________________________________
答案:
春假期间,那些希望在假期里做些有益的活动的学生们可以加入the Alternative Break Program这一组织,他们可以帮助孩子们学习,为无家可归的人筹集善款或者为环境的研究收集一些资料等。通过这些活动,学生们可以使自己给社会带来一定的影响。
1.Students who wish to do something productive and rewarding.
2.It is to encourage students to be active and make a difference in society.
3.Changed.
4.She thinks highly of the program./She is in favour of the program./She holds a positive attitude toward the program.
Or:She thinks it's a great experience of changing one's life.
Or:She is thankful/grateful for the program.
5.I am interested in helping kids with their lessons because education is important to them.
Or :I want to raise money for families in need because they are poor and need our help.
Or :I am interested in collecting data for environmental research because the environment should be protected.
(二)
(2011·山东卷)
[1] Do you spend over an hour each day texting messages to your friends? Do you frequently ignore work, study, and other activities to check your phone for messages? Are you anxious and restless if you are separated from your mobile phone? Do you hardly ever use your phone to talk any more, and do your thumbs hurt from texting too much?
[2]If ______________________, then it is very possible that you are a textaholic. A textaholic can be defined as someone who is addicted to sending and receiving messages. The main symptoms are a strong desire to text messages, which takes precedence (优先)over everything else, and bad moods, low spirits and a lack of self-confidence if messages fail to come in. The root of the problem, as with many addictions, is the desire to escape from emotional difficulties such as stress, anxiety and relationship problems. Experts warn that text addiction is likely to become the most common form of addiction in the future, especially among the young.
[3] So what can you do if you think you may be a textaholic? The key is to get your life back in balance. Make sure you resist the urge to answer every message you receive, and consider leaving your mobile phone behind occasionally when you go out. Most importantly, make a point of spending quality time with friends and family, and make time to re-learn the art of face-to-face conversation instead of conducting your relationships by means of text messages. Not only will you save time and money, but you may also rediscover the pleasure of true communication.21世纪教育网
1. How does the author introduce the topic of the text? (no more than 5 words)
________________________________________________________________________
2. Fill in the blank in Paragraph 2 with proper words. (no more than 8 words)
________________________________________________________________________
3. What emotional difficulties may be the causes of text addiction? (no more than 5 words)
①__________________
②__________________
③____________________
4. What do experts say about text addiction? (no more than 14 words)
________________________________________________________________________
5. What is the main idea of Paragraph 3? (no more than 8 words)
________________________________________________________________________21世纪教育网
答案:
本文讲述了爱发短信的人存在的问题以及如何克服这些问题。
1.By asking/raising questions.
由第一段可知,作者用一系列的问题,引出了主题。
2.you answer“yes”to any of the questions
由下文可知如果来短信你就回,并且发送和接收短信胜过一切,那么你就可能成瘾了。
3.①stress ②anxiety ③relationship problems
根据短文第二段可知。
4.It may become the most common form of addiction,especially among the young.
根据短文第二段最后一句可知。
5.How to get rid of text addiction.
本段主要讲述了如何摆脱发送短信的瘾,可以抵制收短信的激情,可以把手机放在家里,多和朋友、家人相聚进行面对面的对话等。
(三)
(2011·江西卷)
(1)It is now possible to watch live sport on television on any day of the week, and the current amount of reporting will undoubtedly increase further in years to come. This is certainly having an influence on the live sports events themselves, and there are both benefits and shortcomings to this.
(2)Why has there been such growth in televised sport? For one thing, with digital broadcasting, there are now many more TV channels than there were even then years ago. Moreover, sport has become an important from of entertainment, appealing to both men and women.
(3)What are the benefits of this state of affairs? One obvious advantage to the profession is the addition of money provided by television companies. Large football clubs benefit financially from TV income and the top players can command very large salaries. Less popular sports also receive money that can be used in training and awareness-raising. What's more, there is a health benefit to some of the population, because through televised sport, more people have become interested in actually playing sport.
(4)However, ________ if so much sport is on television. Considering football again, many small clubs have suffered financial losses recently, as they cannot compete with the large ones. There has been a general falling in ticket sales, especially among smaller clubs. Fewer people attend live matches nowadays, preferring to watch from the comfort of their living room. And ticket prices have risen greatly.
(5)To sum up, while televised sport has created many opportunities and benefited certain people and clubs very much, it has also been responsible for changing the nature of live sports events for ever.
1.What is the main idea of the text? (no more than 8 words)
________________________________________________________________________
2.Complete the following statement with words from Paragraph 2. (no more than 3 words)
There has been a great increase in TV channels in the past few years with the help of
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3.Point out the advantage of televised sport which does not concern money in Paragraph 3.(no more than 3 words)
________________________________________________________________________
4.Fill in the blank in Paragraph 4 with proper words. (no more than 6 words)
________________________________________________________________________
5.What does the word “it” (Line 2, Paragraph 5) probably refer to? (no more than 3 words)
________________________________________________________________________
答案:
1. Advantages and disadvantages of television sport
文章开篇点题,讲述了从电视上看直播体育节目的好处和坏处。
2.digital broadcasting
在广播的帮助下,在过去的几年里电视频道急剧增加。
3. A health benefit.
第三段在讲益处时除了提及钱之外,还提到了健康。
4. There are/will be some disadvantages
这一段主要讲的是电视直播的坏处。
5.televised sport
it指代上一句的televised sport。
(四)
(2011·湖南卷)
My First Long Run
Two weeks ago, I had a quarrel with my husband. After he had driven off in anger,I realized that I wasn't going to feel any better just sitting there. Feeling abandoned and guilty,I put on my gym shoes to get some fresh air.
Our driveway has a slape(斜坡) that is easier just to jog down if you are lazy, taking advantage of gravity. Instead of stopping at the end of the slope. I decided to see if I could just jog to the end of the street. I had tried a few months ago and failed miserably. Since that first attempt I had been jogging regularly and was significantly fitter, but still very lazy. However this time around I managed to reach the stop sign with ease and I figured I would go a little further.
After about one kilometer, however, I noticed that my upper body was tense. To make the movement easier I had to relax my body,and tried to take deep breaths of fresh air.
I kept giving myself the excuse to stop. No one would be disappointed. No one would even know. But I didn't stop. I wanted to keep going harder, better, faster, stronger. To my great surprise, I ran 4.9 km in 31 minutes. When I got back, I had tears in my eyes. I did something I thought I could never do.
It was the first long run of my life. Since then, I have improved my stride (步幅) and time. After every run I feel fitter, happier and motivated to keep progressing. I love the runner's high, I normally jog because I want to look good. I want to run because it makes me feel good.
1.Why did the author feet guilty?
(No more than 9 words)
________________________________________________________________________
2.What did the author fail to do miserably a few months ago?(No more than 11 words)
________________________________________________________________________
3.What excuses did the author keep giving herself to stop?
(No more than 9 words)
________________________________________________________________________
4.How is running different from jogging to the author?
(No more than 14 words)
________________________________________________________________________
答案:
慢跑可以使人保持体形,长跑可以使人感到心情愉快。作者从自己的慢跑和长跑的经历中感悟人生的真谛。
1.She had a quarrel with her husband.
2.She failed to jog to the end of the street.
3.No one would be disappointed or even know.
4.Running makes her feel good while jogging makes her look good.
(一)
(2011·天津十区县联考一)
When my friends went to college in great delight, I restarted my senior high school life. My spirit sank. Surrounded by strange classmates, I felt like I was in a maze and was sorry about myself. There were some complex feelings in my minds. I was frightened, nervous and lonely.
To make matters worse, I recalled my failure again and again, which put more pressure on me than I could bear. As a result, I was always feeling down during class time.
My teacher found me spiritless. One day he asked me to come to his office and told me about his attitude towards life: we might suffer from mistakes, but it's important to learn lessons from them. All the pains and the embarrassing things we experience are part of the process. So keep up your spirit! At last, he added, “If you are optimistic, things you want may happen to you!”
Warmth rushed through my soul. I suddenly found the sun shining again when I stepped out of his office.
With the teacher's help, I eventually got over my depression. From then on, I no longer bowed my head and began smiling to my classmates. I would put up my hand confidently in class and play with my new friends in my spare time. Meanwhile, I was gradually embraced by my classmates.
Now faced with fierce competition, we all study hard because we know that every second counts. Moreover, there is an atmosphere of mutual trust and respect between us. I love my class; I love my classmates!
To be frank, I still have a thirst for my dream university, but I'm not afraid of failure because I can profit by it. With parents and teachers' encouragement, I'm quite certain of my success and I'm sure I can fly high.
1.Why was the writer in low spirits at the beginning? (No more than 10 words)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2.What did the teacher expect the writer to do? (No more than 10 words)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3.What is the main idea of Paragraph 5? (No more than 15 words)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
4.The underlined word “embraced” in Paragraph 5 means ________. (No more than 5 words)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
5. What will you do if you are faced with failure? (No more than 20 words)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
答案:
在高中复读的我曾经整天垂头丧气,但老师告诉我错误是难免的,但要吸取教训,要勇敢乐观地面对失败。在老师的帮助下,我的生活完全变了。
1.Because he could not go to college.
文章第一句话说朋友兴高彩烈的去上大学而我却要复读,所以心情不好。
2.The teacher expected him to be optimistic.
文章第三段最后提到老师告诉我要振作,乐观。
3.With the teacher's help, he eventually got over his depression.
第五段第一句是主题句,以下内容都是围绕它展开的。
4.accepted; welcomed
我给同桌笑脸, 和他们交朋友、玩耍,当然会被同学接受,融入到这个群体中。
5.I will face failure bravely.Or: I will try to be optimistic.(Open answers.)21世纪教育网
应该学习作者,做一个振兴、乐观的人。21世纪教育网
(二)
(2011·江西九校联考)
As is known to all, medicine comes in different packages. Some in a tablet can make your headache go away. Others from a tube can prevent your cuts from becoming infected. But can medicine come packaged in chicken eggs?
A team of scientists from Scotland say yes. They're engineered special chickens ________ with disease-treating drugs inside. These drugs are made of molecules (分子)called proteins. Animals make thousands of proteins—they're the main ingredients in skin, hair, milk,and meat. Since animals can make proteins easily,they can also make protein drugs.
Researchers have already made cows, sheep, and goats produce protein drugs in their milk. But chickens are cheaper to take care of, need less room,and grow faster than other animals. A team of researchers changed chickens' DNA—the code that tells cells how to make proteins—so that the birds' cells made two protein drugs. One drug can treat skin cancer,and the other treats a nerved disease.
The scientists changed the chickens' DNA so that the birds made these drugs only in their egg whites. This_protects_the_chickens'_bodies_from_the_drugs'_possible_harmful_effects_and_makes_it_easy_for_scientists_to_collect_the_drugs.
These special chickens can pass on their drug-laying abilities to their chicks. The scientists need to improve these chickens before they settle in drug companies' labs. The birds don't make enough drugs to treat people yet. But one day it will come into our daily life.
阅读短文,根据各小题的具体要求,简要回答问题。
1.What can be the best title for the passage? (Please answer within 12 words. )
________________________________________________________________________
2.Please fill in the blank in the second paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence. (Please answer within 10 words.)
________________________________________________________________________
3.Which sentence in the passage is the closest in meaning to the following one?
The drug-laying abilities can go down to the next generation of these special chickens.
________________________________________________________________________21世纪教育网
4.Why can animals make protein drugs? (Please answer within 10 words. )
________________________________________________________________________
5.Translate the underlined sentence in the fourth paragraph into Chinese.
________________________________________________________________________
答案:
1.Chickens Can Lay Eggs Containing Drugs
考查对文章主旨的理解。
2.that/which can lay eggs
考查定语从句在具体语境中的应用。
3.These special chickens can pass on their drug-laying abilities to their chicks.
4.Because they can make protein easily.
考查对文章因果关系的理解,因为因果关系是行文逻辑关系中最重要的一种。
5.这样会使鸡免于受到药品可能产生的毒副作用的伤害,而且便于科学家们收集药品。
考查考生英译汉的实际能力。
(三)
(2011·潍坊二模)
[1] A new study by the scientists at Pennsylvania State University, finds that children who take a nap(小睡) when they are 4 and 5 years old, are less likely to be hyperactive (活动过度的) or experience depression (抑郁).
[2] The results of the study showed that kids between the ages of 4 and 5 years, who discontinued to take daytime naps, showed higher levels of hyperactivity, anxiety and depression, compared to their fellow kids who ________ at this point of their lives.In their research, the researchers were happy to show the importance of taking naps for perfect daytime functioning in young kids.
[3]It all depends on every individual case when children are ready not to take naps any more, said an author of die study, Dr.Brian Crosby, doctor of psychology at Pennsylvania State University.Dr.Crosby suggested that parents include a quiet “rest” time in the daily schedule of their children to allow kids to nap if needed.
[4]For the study purposes, the experts gathered data from 62 children between the ages of 4 and 5 years.All the kids were classified as either ones who took naps—7 percent, or the ones who did not take naps—23 percent, based on actigraphy(体动记录仪) data.Actigraphy data for each child who took part in the study, was collected continuously for 7 days to 14 days.Parents and caregivers were asked to provide information on their child's typical weekday and weekend bedtime and rise time, as well as their napping patterns, and also had to complete a behavioral assessment of the child.
[5] Dr.Crosby_hopes_that_the_new_findings_will_encourage_other_researchers_to_study_the_ways_in_which_napping_influences_daytime_performances_in_children.
1.What's the result of the new study? (no more than 20 words)
_____________________________________________________________________
2.Fill in the blank in Paragraph 2 with words to complete the sentence. (no more than 5 words)
________________________________________________________________________
3.Which sentence in the text is the closest in meaning to the following one?
To the delight of the researchers, they found in the study napping was important for children's wonderful daytime performances.
________________________________________________________________________
4.What suggestion can parents get from Dr. Crosby according to Paragraph 3? (no more than 15 words)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
5.Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese.
________________________________________________________________________
答案:
1. 4-or-5-year-old kids taking naps are less likely to be hyperactivity or experience depression./Naps can reduce hyperactivity and depression in kids between 4 and 5 years old.
2. (still) continued to nap/ took naps/took a nap
3. In their research, the researchers were happy to show the importance of taking naps for perfect daytime functioning in young kids.21世纪教育网
4. They should include a quiet “rest” time in the daily schedule of their children. / They should give their children a rest time every day.
5. 克洛斯比博士希望新发现会鼓励其他调查者研究小睡是如何影响孩子们白天的表现的。
(四)
(2011·上饶二模)
[1]Do you want to work with people or animals or machines or tools? Do you want to work indoors or outdoors,directly serve people in need or serve people behind the scenes? These are the typical questions that a volunteer service agency would ask.
[2]Every year,thousands of people in the west offer volunteer services.Volunteering greatly strengthens the community partly because it helps the old,the young,the weak,the sick,the disabled and the injured overcome difficulties.
[3] Volunteers usually help in many different ways.They may give people advice,offer friendship to the young,drive the elderly to church,warn kids against drugs,work as an assistant in a school or a nursing home,raise funds,plant trees,help out in local libraries and do many other things.
[4]Volunteering can be a few hours a week or a few hours a month,time during the day, evenings or weekends,either part time or full time.Anybody who likes to serve people in need ________.
[5]The art of volunteering can be a process of both giving and receiving.Volunteering allows volunteers to meet new people and make new friends and mix with people from all walks of life.Volunteering is an excellent way to experiment,practice and try out new techniques and skills.It is much more effective to practice a skill than to read about or study it in a classroom.Volunteering is a great way to develop good teamwork skills,discover your individual talents and explore career choices.Being_a_volunteer_takes_individuals on_a_wonderful journey and_helps_them_learn_many_important_things_beyond_their_school_learning.
1.Complete the following sentence according to the underlined one in Paragraph 5.(no more than 5 words)
Volunteer services can provide chances for volunteers to ________ people of different backgrounds.
________________________________________________________________________
2.What does the underlined word “it”in Paragraph 5 refer to?(no more than 3 words)
________________________________________________________________________
3.Why does the writer consider volunteering a process of both giving and receiving?(no more than 30 words)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
4.Fill in the blank in Paragraph 4 with proper words.(no more than 6 words)
________________________________________________________________________
5.What's the title of this passage?(no more than 8 words)
________________________________________________________________________
答案:
1. get to know/ make acquaintance with[来源:21世纪教育网]
2. a skill
3. Because not only can a volunteer offer help to people in need but also he can learn skills and knowledge that benefit him.
4. can become a volunteer
5. Volunteer Service in the West
(五)
(2011·天津十二区县联考二)
Doctors say anger can be an extremely damaging emotion, unless you learn how to deal with it. They warn that anger can lead to heart disease, stomach problems, headaches, emotional problems and possibly cancer.
Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time. Some people express anger openly in a calm reasonable way. Others burst with anger, and scream and yell. But other people keep their anger inside. They can not or will not express it. This is called repressing anger.
For years many doctors thought that repressing anger was more dangerous to a person's health than expressing it. They said that when a person is angry, the brain releases the same hormones (荷尔蒙).They speed the heart rate, raise blood pressure, or sugar into the blood, etc.In general the person feels excited and ready to act.
Some doctors say that both repressing and expressing anger can be dangerous. They believe that those who express anger violently may be more likely to develop heart disease, and they believe that those who keep their anger inside may face a greater danger of high blood pressure.
Doctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger. They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger, then decide if the cause is serious enough to get angry about. If it is, they say, “Do not express your anger while angry. Wait until your anger has cooled down and you are able to express yourself calmly and reasonably.”[来源:21世纪教育网]
Doctors say that a good way to deal with anger is to find humor in the situation that has made you angry. They said that laughter is much healthier than anger.
1. What's the author's purpose by writing this passage? (No more than 15 words)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2. What's the meaning of the underlined word “repressing” in Paragraph 2? (No more than 5 words)
________________________________________________________________________
3. According to the passage, what are the common ways for people to express their anger? (No more than 20 words)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
4. Why do doctors say anger is dangerous? (No more than 15 words)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
5. How can you deal with anger successfully in your daily life? (No more than 20 words)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
答案:
1. To give people some advice / tips on how to deal with anger.or He wants to tell us anger is dangerous and offers the solutions to anger.
2. hiding / preventing/ holding back (或相应动词的不定式形式)
3. Some people express anger openly in a calm reasonable way. Others burst with anger, and scream and yell.
4. Because it can lead to heart disease, stomach problems, headaches, emotional problems and possibly cancer.
5. I will first find the real cause of my anger and then calm down before I express myself reasonably.
(六)
(2011·威海三模)
[1]The fact that cigarette smoking is dangerous to your health is hardly new information. Cigarette smoking is the single most preventable cause of disease and early death in the United States. So why do so many teens continue to smoke? There are lots of reasons, you usually start for one reason or another and then it is really hard to quit.
[2]Nicotine acts in the brain where it can help develop feelings of pleasure, and pleasure feels good! It also will work as an appetite suppressant(抑制剂) for many people; other people believe it relieves stress. This may help explain why it is hard ________.21世纪教育网
[3]Experimental smoking usually begins the habit. Next comes occasional cigarette smoking at parties, on weekends, with friends or when trying to lose weight. This_is_the_most dangerous _stage,_because_it_usually_leads_to_an_addictive_stage,_when_teens_become regular smokers. People who start smoking before the age of 21 have the hardest time quitting.
[4]There is no safe amount of smoking. Every cigarette causes some harm to the body. Once smoke touches the lips, it begins to attack living tissues, and it continues its attack wherever it goes. Cigarette smokers have less ability to carry oxygen to the rest of the body and this is why smokers have less endurance(耐力) when running or participating in sports.
[5]Smokers also get wrinkles at an earlier age. The smoke changes the elasticity(弹性) of the skin and fine lines appear around the eyes and mouth. Your clothes and hair will smell from smoke and pretty soon you can no longer smell it. Kissing a smoker is like kissing an ashtray(烟灰缸).
[6]There is no right way to quit smoking, but surely you can do it!
[7]If you are thinking about smoking, the only way to avoid getting addicted to cigarettes is never to start in the first place.
1.What should teens do according to the advice in the article? (no more than 15 words)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2.Which sentence in the text is the closest in meaning to the following one?
It's already known that smoking is likely to cause illness.
________________________________________________________________________
3.Fill in the blank in Para 2 with proper words. (no more than 5 words)
________________________________________________________________________
4.What bad effects does smoking have besides harming health? (no more than 20 words)
________________________________________________________________________
5.Translate the underlined sentence in Para 3 into Chinese.
________________________________________________________________________
答案:
1. Teens should either stop or not/never start smoking.
(两个要点:stop smoking和 not start smoking。)
2. The fact that cigarette smoking is dangerous to your health is hardly new information.
3. for smokers to stop / (for people) to stop smoking
(关键词是stop smoking。)
4. Smokers also get wrinkles at an earlier age and their clothes and hair get smelly.
(两个要点:get wrinkles和get smelly。)
5. 因为这个阶段会导致青少年上瘾,从而成为正式烟民,所以这是最危险的时期。
或者:这是最危险的时期,因为它是上瘾的前奏,青少年一旦上瘾,吸烟就成了习惯。
(七)
(2011·南昌二模)
[1]Canadian culture was heavily influenced by British culture and traditions.Now one can also notice the influence of American culture.Over the years, lots of people have moved to Canada.There has been a healthy change of Canadian' s ideas that has resulted in the development of certain special features in Canada.The people of Canada have always been proud of their diverse cultural backgrounds.
[2]Art: Canada has some of the most wonderful classical works of art.In the year 1930, artists began developing their own personal style.The “Group of Seven” is considered to be the first group of native artists to create their own style.
[3]Language and religion: Because of its diverse cultures, Canada has two official languages, English and French.There is ________.A number of people in Canada have confirmed that they have no religious belief, though there are many other groups that follow Protestantism as a religion.
[4]Literature: The literature of Canada basically shows the different cultural influences of other countries.Some of the early works were divided according to the region of Canada from which the author came, but there were also authors who gave a humorous touch to serious contents.A number of authors have been awarded for their literature works.
[5]Music: Music in Canada has seen many developments in styles along the way.Many Canadian; musicians have earned worldwide fame.From folk music to rock, Canadian music continues to entertain people.In recent years, music from Asia and Africa has found quite a fan following in Canada.
1.What is the main idea of the text? (no more than 3 words)
________________________________________________________________________
2.Fill in the blank in Paragraph 3 with proper words. (no more than 3 words)
________________________________________________________________________
3.What does the word “their” (Line 4, Para 1) refer to? (no more than 2 words)
________________________________________________________________________
4.Canadian culture has been influenced by many other countries.List all of them mentioned in the text.
________________________________________________________________________
5.Complete the following statement with proper words .(no more than 5 words)
Recently, music from Asia and Africa has become ________ in Canada.
________________________________________________________________________
答案:1. Canadian culture. 2. no official religion 3.Canadians/ Canadian people. 4. British, American, Asian and African cultures. 5. more and more popular
(八)
(2011·江西省重点中学协作体第三次联考)
[1]Global difference in intelligence is a sensitive topic, long filled with a large number of different opinions. But recent data has indeed shown cognitive (认知的) ability to be higher in some countries than in others. What's more, IQ scores have risen as nations develop—a phenomenon known as the “Flynn effect”. Many causes have been put forward for both the intelligence difference and the Flynn effect, including education, income, and even non-agricultural labor. Now, a new study from researchers at the University of New Mexico offers another interesting theory: intelligence may be linked to infectious-disease rates.
[2]The brain, say author Christopher Eppig and his colleagues, is the “most costly organ in the human body”. Brainpower consumes almost up to 90 percent of a newborn's energy. It's clear that if something affects energy intake while the brain is growing, the impact could be long and serious. And for vast parts of the globe, the biggest threat to a child's body—and therefore brain—is parasitic (由寄生虫引起的) infection. These illnesses threaten brain development ________. They can directly attack live tissue, which the body must then try every means to replace. They can invade the digestive pipe and block nutritional intake. They can rob the body's cells for their own reproduction. And then there's the energy channeled (输送) to the immune system to fight the infection.
[3]Using data on national “disease burdens” (life years lost due to infectious diseases) and average intelligence scores, the authors found they are closely associated. The countries with the lowest average IQ scores have the highest disease burdens without exception. On the contrary, nations with low disease burdens top the IQ list.
[4]If the study holds water, it could be revolutionary for our understanding of the still-confusing variation in national intelligence scores.
1.What is the main idea of the text?(no more than 10 words)
________________________________________________________________________
2.Complete the following statement with proper words.(no more than 4 words)
Those countries that have the ________ are always at the bottom of the IQ list.
3.Fill in the blank in Paragraph 2 with proper words.(no more than 5 words)
________________________________________________________________________
4.What can cause intelligence difference?(no more than 8 words)
________________________________________________________________________
5.What does the word “they” (Line 3, Paragraph 3) probably refer to?(no more than 8 words)
________________________________________________________________________
答案:
1.Why do IQ scores vary by nation? / Why do IQ scores vary from nation to nation? / Different IQ between nations may result from infectious diseases.
2.highest disease burdens
3.in several ways
4.Education, income and non-agricultural labor.
5.National disease burdens and average intelligence scores.
(九)
(2011·江西师大附中三模)
In our culture, the sources of what we call a sense of “mastery”—feeling important and worthwhile—and the sources of what we call a sense of “pleasure”—finding life enjoyable—are not always the same. In the past women often were told “You can't have it all.” Sometimes what the speaker really is saying is: “You choose a career, so you can't expect to have closer relationships or a happy family life.” or “You have a wonderful husband and children—what's all this about wanting a career?” But today women need to ________, if they are to feel good about themselves.
Our study shows that, for women, well-being has two aspects. One is mastery, which includes self-respect, a sense of control over your life, and low levels of anxiety and depression. Mastery is closely related to the “doing” side of life, to work and activity. Pleasure is the other aspect, and it is made up of happiness, satisfaction and optimism. It is tied more closely to the “feeling” side of life. The two are independent of each other. A woman could be high in mastery and low in pleasure, and vice versa(反之亦然). For example, a woman who has a good job, but whose mother has just died, might be feeling very good about herself and in control of her work life, but the pleasure side could be damaged for a time.
The concepts of mastery and pleasure can help us identify the sources of well-being for women, and correct past mistakes. In the past, women were encouraged to look only at the feeling side of life as the source of all well-being. But we know that both mastery and pleasure are important. And mastery seems to be achieved largely through work. In our study, all the groups of employed women were valued significantly higher in mastery than women who were not employed.
A woman's well-being is developed when she takes on multiple roles. At least by middle adulthood, the women who were involved in a combination of roles—marriages, motherhood, and employment—were the highest in well-being, in spite of warnings about stress and strain.
1.What is the best title for the passage? (no more than 10 words)
________________________________________________________________________
2. Fill in the blank in the first paragraph with proper words. (no more than 10 words)
________________________________________________________________________
3. What is the main idea of the Second Paragraph? (no more than 8 words)
________________________________________________________________________
4.What is the difference about women's well-being between Today and the Past? (no more than 20 words)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
5. What does the underlined word “it” (Line 5, Para 2) refer to? (1 word)
________________________________________________________________________
答案:
1. Women's well-being: pleasure and mastery
Introduction to Women's Well-being: Pleasure and Mastery
Two Aspects of Women's Well-being: Pleasure and Mastery
2. have two aspects of well-being/have both mastery and pleasure
3. The finding about well-being in our study. / What we find about well-being in the study.
4. In the past people mainly paid attention to pleasure, but now both pleasure and mastery are important.
5. Pleasure.
(十)
(2011·宝坻一模)
We have two daughters: Kristen is seven years old and Kelly is four.Last Sunday evening, we invited some people home for dinner.I dressed them nicely for the party, and told them that their job was to join Mommy in answering the door when the bell rang.
Mommy would introduce them to the guests, and they would take the guests' coats upstairs and put them on the bed in the second bedroom.
The guests arrived.I introduced my two daughters to each of them.The adults were nice and kind and said how lucky we were to have such good kids.
Each of the guests made a particular fuss (关爱) over Kelly, the younger one, admiring her dress, her hair and her smile.They said she was a great girl to be carrying coats upstairs at her age.
I thought to myself that we adults usually make_a_big_“to_do”_over the younger one because she's the one who seemly more easily hurt.We do it with the best of intentions.
But we seldom think of how it might affect the other child.I was a little worried that Kristen would feel she was being outshined (逊色,相形见绌).I was about to serve dinner when I realized that she had been missing for twenty minutes.I ran upstairs and found her in the bedroom, crying.
I said, “What are you doing, my dear?”
She turned to me with a sad expression and said, “Mommy, why don't people like me the way they like my sister? Is it because I'm not pretty? Is that why they don't say nice things about me as much?”
I tried to explain to her, kissing and hugging her to make her feel better.
Now, whenever I visit a friend's home, I make it a point to speak to the elder child first.
1.What were Kristen and Kelly asked to do last Sunday evening?(No more than 20 words.)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2.Why did the guests praise Kelly so much rather than Kristen? (No more than 15 words.)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3.The underlined expression “make a big ‘to do’ over” in Paragraph 4 means ________.(No more than 5 words.)
________________________________________________________________________
4.Why did Kristen feel sad and cry?(No more than 15 words.)
________________________________________________________________________21世纪教育网
________________________________________________________________________
5.In your opinion, how should adults treat children? (No more than 15 words.)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
答案:
1. They were asked to answer the door, take the guests' coats upstairs and put them on the bed.
2. Because the guests thought Kelly was younger and seemed more easily hurt.
3. Show much concern about.
4. Because the guests praised her sister far more than her.
Or: Because she had got much less praise from the guests than her sister.
Or: Because she didn't get as much praise from the guests as her sister.
Or: Because she didn't know why people didn't like her as much as her sister.
5. Adults should treat the younger children and the elder equally.
Or: Adults should pay equal attention to both the younger children and the elder.
(十一)
(2011·吉安三模)
Why does night fall but never break and day break but never fall?
Why are people who ride motorcycles called bikers and people who ride bikes called cyclists?
In what other language do people drive in a parkway and park in a driveway?
In what other language do they call the third hand on the clock the second hand?
Let's face it: English is a crazy language.There is no egg in an eggplant, neither pine nor apple in a pineapple and no ham in a hamburger.Sweet-meats are candy, while sweetbreads, which aren't sweet, are meat.
We take English for granted.But when we explore its paradoxes (矛盾), we find that quicksand can work slowly, boxing rings are square, public bathrooms have no baths in them.
And why is it that a writer writes, but fingers don't fing, grocers don't groce, and hammers don't ham? If the plural of tooth is teeth, shouldn't the plural of booth be beeth? One goose, two geese—so one moose, two meese?
How can a slim chance and a fat chance be the same, while a wise man and a wise guy are opposites? How can overlook and oversee be opposites, while quite a lot and quite a few are alike? How can the weather be hot as hell one day and cold as hell the next?
English was invented by people, not computers, and it reflects the creativity of human beings.That's why, when stars are out,________; but when the lights are out, they are invisible.And why, when I wind up my watch, I start it; but when I wind up this essay, I end it.
1.What's the main idea of the passage ? (no more than 8 words)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2.Complete the following statement with proper words.( no more than 5 words)
When someone says you will have a fat chance to win the game, it means that there will______________________ for you to beat your opponent.
________________________________________________________________________
3.Please fill in the blank in the last paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence.(no more than 4 words)
________________________________________________________________________
4.What can we probably realize if we explore the paradoxes of English?( no more than 10 words)
________________________________________________________________________
5.What does the underlined word “them” probably refer to? (no more than 3 words)
________________________________________________________________________
答案:
1. English is a crazy language.
2. be a slim chance
3. they are visible
4. We shouldn't take English for granted.
5. Public bathrooms.
第7章六选五
(一)
(2011·浙江卷)
A.Leadership
B.Conflict Solving
C.Open Communication
D.Respect to All Team Members
E.Measuring Progress against Goals
F.Common Goals with Challenging Target
Team Building Means More than Throwing a Few People Together
“Teamworking” is found everywhere within just about every organization.You can't get away from “teams” that are supposed to be able to create something than is greater than the sum of its parts. Or so the theory goes.
There are five measures that need to be taken before you can get the most out of a team:
1.________
There must be a clear reason for the team to exist. And all the members should realize the value and significance of what they are going to do. What they are hoping to achieve should be something achievable but at the same time tough and inspiring enough to attract the members and keep their motivation alive. What is more, they should also be well prepared for the possible difficulties they may come across in the process.
2.________
Team members must be able to express their opinions freely without fear of being criticized, and they must have the feeling that their suggestions will be taken seriously.This is an important point because the team may need to resolve some complex or thorny issues. For example, it may discuss a sensitive topic. Should they keep their conclusion within the team or share it with other employees? This is an issue in itself that all the members should agree on and frank discussion is required.
3.________
It is easy to think that a junior team member may have less to contribute than more experienced ones. This is not only demoralizing or discouraging, it also makes no sense—people that have nothing to contribute should not have been selected for the team in the first place. Since they have become members of your team, you need to make sure that each of them has an opportunity to add his or her thoughts to discussions.
4.________
Disagreements are natural and, in fact, debate and discussion should be encouraged. A team made up only of “yes men” can make disastrous decisions that few people honestly agreed with in the first place. Consequently, there should be rules on how lengthy disagreements should be handled. For example, team meetings may not be the most appropriate place for a discussion that involves only two people,so“under-the-table”method may be effective.
5.________
Most high-performing teams are well organized. A good organizer should be able to play to individuals' strengths and help them overcome their weaknesses. It should be someone who can act as a promoter and a constant reminder of what the team needs to achieve. He must, above all, be skilled in sharing responsibility and setting tasks to others coaching them to achieve tasks, and providing constructive feedback on how the tasks went.
Team building isn't as simple as just throwing a few people together. It requires much more, but motivating people is most essential. Successful teamworking is not marked by how much progress the team makes toward its goals, but by how confidently each of its members completes his or her assigned tasks with a sense of achievement and pride.
答案:
本文以“团队建设”为话题,提出了团队建设中的目标设置、沟通协作、相互尊重和领导艺术等要素。
1.F 本段讲团队建设中的目标设置。
2.C 本段阐明沟通协作。
3.D 本段阐明团队建设需要相互尊重。
4.B 本段阐明团队建设中问题冲突的解决艺术。
5.A 本段阐明团队建设中的领导艺术。
(二)
(2011·陕西卷)
A. A sense of humour is not an inborn ability.
B. A sense of humour can be developed in our life.
C. A sense of humour helps us from several aspects.
D. A sense of humour means more than telling jokes.21世纪教育网
E. A sense of humour can be expressed in many ways.
F. A sense of humour helps people to better enjoy life.
1.________
As awareness of the benefits of humour increases, most of us want to get all the laughs we can. It seems that almost every day there is another new discovery about the power of humour to help us physically, mentally, emotionally, and spiritually. Every system of the body responds to laughter in some important or positive way.
2.________
Many people mistakenly believe that we are born with a sense of humour. They think that when it comes to a sense of humour. “either you have got it or you don't.” This is false! What is true, however, is that the ability to laugh and smile is actually something we are born with. For example, we laugh when we are tickled under the arm, even without thinking about how to react.
3.________
The parts of the brain and central nervous system that control laughing and smiling are mature at birth in human infants, but that is not the same thing as having a sense of humour. (After all, when a baby laughs in his small bed we don't rush over and say, “That kid has a great sense of humour!”)Your sense of humour is something you can develop over a lifetime. Don't be nervous before others and try to laugh at yourself—then you will make them laugh too.
4.________
Humour includes a lot more than laughing and joke telling. Many people worry needlessly that they do not have a good sense of humour because they are not good joke tellers. More than jokes, a sense of humour requires being willing and able to see the funny side of life's situations as they happen. In fact, one of the best definitions(定义)of a sense of humour is “the ability to see the nonserious element in a situation.”
5.________
There may be a thousand different ways to express your sense of humour, but joke telling is only one of those ways. As more is discovered about how humour benefits our life, more people will be able to see and enjoy the humour when they are in a difficult situation. Life depends on air, food and water, but it is made easier to live with a good sense of humour.
答案:
1.C 本段从physically、mentally、emotionally以及spiritually多个方面说明humor对于我们的好处。
2.A 本段说明幽默感不是与生俱来的。
3.B 本段说明幽默感可以在我们的生活中慢慢培养的。
4.D 本段点明幽默不仅仅是“大笑和开玩笑”,还要求“愿意以及有能力发现生活中滑稽可笑的方面”。
5.F 本段表明幽默有助于人们更好地享受生活。
[来源:21世纪教育网]
(一)
(2011·西安第三次质检)
A.Why to turn to alternative energy
B.How to use renewable energy21世纪教育网
C.The sources of renewable energy
D.What is renewable energy?
E.Where is the solar energy from?
F.The advantages of renewable energy
1.________
When speaking about renewable energy, we are talking about power which gets its energy from resources which will not be diminished from the use. Renewable energy is a substitute for the nonrenewable energy of fossil fuel.
2.________
One fundamental advantage of renewable energy, and environmentalists' favorite reason to promote its use, is that there are no greenhouse gases or other pollutants that give out as there are with the burning of fossil fuels. Renewable energy, or solar, water and wind power, are certainly not new although they have received much attention recently because they will not cause pollution. Environmentally friendly power sources such as wind, solar and water power have been used in both developing and developed countries for a long time because they are cheap and clean, but they have yet to be used as a primary source of energy for any big urban area.
3.________
The generation of power from renewable energy sources has become somewhat more common in recent times as people have increasingly become aware of issues such as climate change due to fossil fuel by products and the political or social worries about nuclear power. There are numerous countries and non-profit, environmentally conscious organizations that are supporting the use of renewable energy.
4.________
The flow of renewable energy has to do with naturally occurring phenomena. Tides, sunlight, wind and heat are all created by geothermal events and all are sources of energy. Each of these sources of energy has unique characteristics related to where and how we can use them.
5.________
Most technology which transforms renewable energy into power which we can use is solar powered either directly or indirectly. The atmospheric system of the earth keeps balance so that the heat which spreads out into space is equal to the amount of radiation received from the sun. The quantity of energy contained in the atmosphere approximates the earth's climate. The bodies of water of the earth, or its hydrosphere, absorb much of the radiation which is received from the sun. And much of that absorbed radiation is in the lower latitudes surrounding the equator.
答案:1~5 DFACE
(二)
(2011·西工大附中第四次适应性训练)
A. Causes of overusing fluoride ( 氟化物 )
B. Negative effects of fluoride[来源:21世纪教育网]
C. Safe use of fluoride
D. The expert's background information
E. No need to worry about fluoride poisoning
F. Solutions to improper use of fluoride
I have heard that fluoride can help stop dental decay, but I recently read that it is poisonous. Which of these is true? How can children use fluoride safely?
1.________
This question is answered by Dr Marcia M. Rich who practises general dentistry in Newholt. She is also a lecturer at the University and a writer for the monthly magazine Your Dentist Cares.
2.________
My answer to the first question is to stress that fluoride works well and is safe when users follow instructions. Young children have a tendency to swallow toothpaste, which is why they should only have a tiny amount of fluoride toothpaste on their toothbrush. If this simple measure is taken, parents can be confident that children will be protected against tooth decay, and come to no harm.
3.________
Almost all medicines have a negative effect—or even be deadly—if they are not taken as directed. So you are right—fluoride can be poisonous if it is swallowed in very large quantities. It is for the reason that fluoride supplements can only be obtained on prescription from the doctor or dentist. Please be assured that fluoride overdoses are rare—in fact, I have never heard of any fatal incidents related to fluoride poisoning.
4.________
Scientific studies have shown that fluoride can help to prevent cavities(牙洞) as long as it is used correctly. If fluoride is abused, there is a risk of illness or even deaths in extreme cases. If a deadly amount of fluoride is taken, immediate first-aid could save a life. A person who has swallowed a large amount of fluoride will probably start vomiting. If not, the patient should be given milk or antacid and taken to the nearest hospital for emergency treatment.
5.________
Taking too much fluoride while teeth are growing can lead to a condition called dental fluorosis. The most likely cause is the swallowing of fluoride toothpastes by young children. It can also be caused by inappropriate use of fluoride drop or other fluoride supplements, for example when fluoride is already present in drinking water.
答案:1~5 DCEFA
(三)
(2011·西安八校联考)
A.Not only gives us advice but is free.
B.We may control over what we eat.
C.A new website gives us nutritional analysis.
D.Eating properly does good to our health.
E.We have to choose a new and healthy website.
F.The recommendations are based on daily food.
1.________
While we may not have any control over our body shapes and inherited genes (遗传), we are lucky enough to have control over what we choose to eat.And it is this choice that can make an un believable difference to our health and wellbeing (=happiness).
2.________
Just by eating properly, you and your family can make impressive improvement to your health, weight and energy levels.What you choose to eat can also reduce the risk of many diseases that may cause early death or disability, such as heart disease, cancer and diabetes (糖尿病).
3.________
Visit www.formulaforlife.com, a new website designed to help you work out exactly where your food choices are taking you.For instance, some food and vegetables are fast becoming known as one of the most popular defenses against cancer.But are you consuming enough of them and from the best sources? Or maybe you are constantly feeling very tired.If so, there is a chance your diet is imbalanced.This is where the Formula( = a set of principles) for life analysis will help you to work out how much you are missing out on.[来源:21世纪教育网]
4.________
The great thing about your analyzing your diet online at Formula for Life is that it is free to everyone and it gives you a chance to look at your diet realistically.If you do need to make some adjustments, it can also show how to get back on track for a healthy life.
5.________
The recommendations are realistic.Formula for Life will only advise you to change your diet with everyday food.Just think-no supplements (补品), no special products—just everyday food available from your local fruit and vegetable store, butcher and supermarket.So forget speculating (猜测 ) about how healthily you are eating—get the facts and do something about it with Formula for Life.
答案:1~5 BDCAF
(四)
(2011·宝鸡中学适应性训练)
A.The history of the city
B.The city attracted all kinds of immigrants and developed its multi-cultures.
C.The brief introduction to New Orleans
D.The origin of Jazz
E.The population of the city
F.African people arrived and they brought their own traditions including music.
1. ________
New Orleans, the city of Louisiana, is one of the most colorful and interesting places in North America. It is well known for its multicultural cuisine(菜肴) and its colonial architecture and is considered by most experts to be the birthplace of jazz, the one music style that the USA can lay claim to inventing.
2.________
The city was founded in 1718, at a time when France owned that part of North America. Part of its diversity results from the fact that it was subjected to many different influences. France sold Louisiana to Spain in 1763, got it back 40 years later, and almost immediately sold the territory to the USA.
3.________
As the city prospered(繁荣), it became a magnet(磁铁)for all kinds of immigrants from Europe and other parts of the USA, and was also the first choice destination of breed black slaves. The rich cultural mix led to a relaxed attitude to life and an appreciation of good food, wine, music and dancing. There were frequent festivals.
4.________
By the end of the 1700s, people of African descent(祖先) made up more than half the city's population. Many more arrived via the Caribbean and brought with them West Indian cultural traditions. By the mid-18th century, black New Orleans people were gathering socially on Sundays at a special market outside the city, where they were able to remember and practice their traditional African dance and drumming music. The roots of jazz can be traced to these events.
5.________[来源:21世纪教育网]
Native American musicians then combined their music with the African traditions and bands playing a mixture of styles began to perform in street festivals. Europeans came to listen and contribute and the roots of jazz were established. Louis Armstrong, the most famous jazz musician of all time, was influenced by these rich musical mixtures when he heard them in the early years of the 20th century.
答案:1~5 CABFD
(五)
(2011·西安市五大名校一模)
A. Function
B. Types
C. Advantages
D. Considerations
E. Importance
F. Shortcomings
Home security products give a homeowner peace of mind as well as the ability to protect loved ones and physical possessions around-the-clock.
1.________
Having the right security products equipped in a home can get rid of home invasion, theft and injury. Home security products should be hidden somewhat and not out in the open for invaders to see. Products that protect one's home should also be linked to the local police department so that they can be notified in the event of an emergency or break-in.
2.________
Security products are used for monitoring the home and the properties surrounding the home. Products are designed to warn the homeowner when invasion is taking place or someone is hidden around the property. Most systems are electronic or battery powered and some are linked with cables and satellites to keep a close watch on property.
3.________
There are four main kinds of home security products. The first kind is home entry and invasion protection—used for setting up a high tech alarm system. The second is window and door alarms, helpful in warning the homeowner as to who is coming in and out of the house and certain rooms in the home. The third is to keep the outside of the home protected by signaling. The fourth is a combination of security gates, cameras connected to a DVR, bars for windows and doors as well as sliding door lock.
4.________
One should consider the expense of equipping a complete security system. For most complete systems which include driveway alarms, cameras, and electronic keypads, many can cost from $100 to $10,000. The homeowner can equip individual security products based on the needs of the home and family to save money.
5.________
Preventing invasion, theft and injury can save thousands of dollars if the home was broken into and items were stolen. Having home security products equipped can also reduce car and auto insurance moneys.
答案:1~5 EABDC
(六)
(2011·咸阳第二次适应性训练)
A.I value honesty.
B.I believe in God.
C.I did pretty well as a taxi driver.
D.I feel good for doing something right.
E.We taxi drivers are often misunderstood.
F.I serve people well whether they tip or not.
1.________
I believe honesty is one of the greatest gifts there is. I know they call it a lot of fancy names these days, like integrity(正直)and forthrightness(坦率). But it doesn't make any difference what they call it; it's still what makes a man a good citizen. This is my code, and I try to live by.
2.________
I've been in the taxi business for thirty-five years, and I know there is a lot about it that is not so good. Taxi drivers have to be rough and rude fellows to be able to take it in New York. You've got to be tough to fight the New York traffic eight hours a day these days. Because taxi drivers are tough, people get the wrong impression that they are bad. Taxi drivers are just like other people. Most of them will shake down as honest fellows. You read in the papers almost every week where a taxi driver turns in money or jewels or bonds, stuff like that, people leave in their taxi. If they weren't honest, you wouldn't be reading those stories in the papers.
3.________
One time in Brooklyn, I found a diamond ring in my taxi. I remembered helping a lady with a lot of baggage that day, so I went back to where I had dropped her off. It took me almost two days to track her in order to return her ring. I didn't get as much as “thank you”. Still, I felt good because I had done what was right. I think I felt better than she did.
4.________
I was born and raised in Ireland and lived there until I was nineteen years old. After I came to this country I bought my own cab and have owned one ever since. It hasn't been too easy at times, but my wife takes care of our money and we have a good bit put away for a rainy day, even in those days. In all my years of driving a taxi, I have never had any trouble with the public, not even with drunks. Even if they get a little troublesome once in a while, I just agree with them and then they behave themselves.
5.________
People ask me about tips. As far as I know, practically everyone will give you something. Come to think of it, most Americans are pretty generous. I always try to be nice to everyone, whether they tip or not. I believe in God and try to be a good member of my parish(教区). I try to act toward others like I think God wants me to act. I have been trying this for a long time, and the longer I try, the easier it gets.
答案:1~5 AEDCF
(七)
(2011·长安一中第五次质检)
A.The Introduction of Paris
B.Culture of Paris
C.The Population Growth in Paris
D.The Production of Paris
E.The Education in Paris
F.The Industries in Paris
1.________
Paris, the capital and the largest city of the country, is in north central France. The Paris metropolitan area contains nearly 20% of the nation's population and is the economic, cultural, and political center of France. The French government have historically favored the city as the site for all decision making, thus powerfully attracting nearly all of the nation's activities.
2.________
Paris has grown steadily since it was chosen as the national capital in the late 10th century. With the introduction of the Industrial Revolution, a great number of people moved to the city from the country during the 19th century. The migration was especially stimulated by the construction of railroads, which provided easy access to the capital. After World War II more and more immigrants arrived.
3.________
The city is the centralized control point of most national radio and television broadcasting. It is a place of publication of the most prestigious(有威望的)newspapers and magazines and an international book publishing center. With more than 100 museums, Paris has truly one of the greatest concentrations of art treasures in the world. The Louvre, opened as a museum in 1793, is one of the largest museums in the world.
4.________
In the late 1980s about 4.1 million pupils annually attended about 47,000 elementary schools. In addition, about 5.4 million students attended some 11,200 secondary schools. Approximately 1.2 million students were enrolled annually at universities and colleges in France in the late 1980s. French centers of learning have served as academic models throughout the world.
5.________
Paris is the leading industrial center of France, with about one quarter of the nation's manufacturing concentrated in the metropolitan area. Industries of consumers goods have always been drawn to Paris by the enormous market of the big population; and modern, high-technology industries also have become numerous since World War II. Chief manufactures are machinary, automobiles, chemicals and electrical equipment.
答案:1~5 ACBEF21世纪教育网
(八)
(2011·西安地区八校联考)
A.Stay warm.
B.Know how to make a fire.21世纪教育网
C.Stay put unless you know exactly where you are.
D.Keep fear at bay.
E.Keep away from animals.
F.Fine! or make some shelter.
It is impossible to know when you might find yourself lost in a forest. But if you know what to do you can survive in a forest without much trouble, but if you are not prepared survival can be much less likely.
1.________
It is completely natural to be afraid when you are faced with a survival situation. However,if you are going to survive in the forest, you must keep your thoughts clear. The more your fear overcomes you, the lower your chances are of survival,as your mind is going to become clouded and panic may set in.
2.________
Obviously the low body temperature is one of the primary dangers you face when you must survive in the forest. It is crucial that you do all you can to stay dry and keep your body temperature up.Never stop to sleep or quit moving around unless you have appropriate shelter.
3.________
Obviously, if you have a lighter or matches this is not a problem. But if not, you can attempt to use a dry narrow pointed stick and a dry flat piece of wood. Make as much friction (摩擦)as possible by rubbing the pointed stick along the flat piece. This requires a great deal of work, but if done correctly, you will succeed.
4.________
Caves and overhangs are perfect, but most likely you must build your own. The easiest way to provide protection is to find a fallen tree and cover it with other branches and brush so that you can stay in the natural pit underneath the tree trunk. This is a very important aspect of being able to survive in the forest.
5.________
If you can build a stable shelter and start a fire you can survive in the forest for several days. It is better to stay and wait for rescue. If you know where you are travel as far as possible during the day while making sure you stop long enough before dark so that you can erect another shelter.
答案:1~5 DABFC
(九)
(2011·西安一模)
A. Drug overuse and its consequence
B. The problem of drug overuse in America
C. Benefits of medicine and its wise use
D. Female drug overuse with reference to that of males
E. Misuse of medicine among the young generation
F. Improper use of medicine among senior citizens21世纪教育网
1.________
Nowadays, millions of people misuse and even overuse pain medications and other drugs. Research by the American National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA, 1999) shows that around 2% of the population over age 12 were using drugs non-medically.
2.________
NIDA views medications as a powerful force for good in the contemporary world. They reduce and remove pain for millions of people suffering from illness and disease. They make it possible for doctors to perform complicated surgery to save lives. Many people afflicted by serious medical conditions are able to control their symptoms and become active, contributing citizens. NIDA points out that most individuals who take these drugs use them in a responsible.
3.________
Nevertheless, overuse of drugs such as opioids, central nervous system (CNS) depressants and stimulants does lead to harmful reliance in some people and is therefore becoming a serious public health concern. Although this abuse affects many people worldwide, particular trends of concern to the medical profession in the US appear among older adults, teenagers and women.
4.________
Though it may be a surprise to many, the misuse of medications may be the most common form of drug abuse among the elderly. Dr Kenneth Schrader of Duke University, North Carolina states that although the elderly represent about 13% of the US population, those aged 65 and over account for the consumption of one third of all drugs. People in this age group use medications roughly three times more than the general population and have poorer compliance with instruction for use. In another study of elderly patients admitted to treatment programs, 70% were women who had overused medicines.
5.________
Unfortunately, this trend among women does not only affect those aged over 65. In general, among women and men who are using either an anti-anxiety drug or a sedative, women are twice as likely to become addicted. In addition, statistics compiled for 12-17 year olds show that teenage girls are more likely than teenage boys to begin overusing psychotherapeutic medication such as painkillers, tranquillizers, stimulants and sedatives.
答案:1~5 ECBFD
(十)
(2011·咸阳三模)
A. The likely reason of global warming
B. Global warming—a world problem
C. The fast increase in recent years
D. What we should do to avoid greenhouse gases producing
E. The earth is becoming warmer
F. Different opinions on the cause of global warming
1.________
Is the world warming up? According to many reports, the answer is yes. Eleven of the hottest years since 1850 appeared between 1995 and 2006. Last year, the United Nation's Intergovernment Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported the earth was about 0.75 ℃ warmer than it was in 1850. While this doesn't sound like a lot, a small difference in average temperature can make a big difference in climate. During the last Ice Age, the planet was only about five degrees colder than now.
2.________
It's all about the speed at which temperatures are changing. In the past, temperatures moved up or down step by step. But in the 20th century, especially since 1976, temperatures have likely risen more quickly than during any century in the last 1,000 years. Warming may bring improved harvests to northern countries such as Canada and Russia. However, many species won't like these conditions. They begin moving towards cooler places and cause lots of trouble to human world.
3.________
The IPCC reported that human activity is very likely responsible by increasing the greenhouse effect. Some gases cause the air to take in heat energy. Without the greenhouse effect, the earth's average temperature would be -18℃ rather than the present comfortable 14.6 ℃. The main greenhouse gases are carbon dioxide, water vapor and some other gases. Burning oil, coal and waste adds to the carbon dioxide, and it has increased 35% since 1850.
4.________
Many researchers have found that natural forces alone don't explain the temperature increases over the last 30 to 40 years. Their study shows that as carbon dioxide goes up, temperature will rise, too. But some scientists don't agree. They think the effect of human produced greenhouse gases is very small compared to the normal changes that the climate causes.
5.________
When asked whether humans are causing the world warming, Carl Wunsch, a professor at Massachusetts Institute of Technology says, “It seems very likely from what I've seen. Is it 100% sure? No. There is something to do with natural changes.” Does that mean we should have a “wait-and-see” attitude? Not according to Wunsch. He points out we buy house insurance not because we are sure our homes will be on fire, but because it's a danger we'd rather avoid.
答案:1~5 ECAFD
(十一)
(2011·西工大附中第五次适应性训练)
A. Social background for the Development of Adult Education
B. What is the present situation?
C. The purposes in Adult Education
D. Ways of Adult Education
E. The history of Adult Education
F. What is Adult Education?
1.________
Voluntary learning in organized courses by mature men and women is called adult education. Such education is offered to make people able to enlarge and interpret their experience as adults. Adults may want to study something which they missed in earlier schooling, get new skills or job training, find out about new technological development, seek better self-understanding, or develop new talents and skills.
2.________
This kind of education may be in the form of self-study with proper guidance through the use of libraries, correspondence(函授)courses,or broadcasting.It may also be acquired collectively in schools and colleges, study groups, workshops, clubs, and professional associations.
3.________
Modern adult education for large numbers of people started in the 18th and 19th centuries with the rise of the Industrial Revolution. Great economic and social changes were taking place: people were moving from rural areas to cities: new types of work were being created in an expanding factory system. These and other factors produced a need for further education and reeducation of adults.
4.________
The earliest program of organized adult education arose in Great Britain in the 1790s, with the founding of an adult school at Nottingham and a mechanics' institute at Glasgow. The earliest adult education institution in the United States was founded by Benjamin Franklin and some friends in Philadelphia in 1727.
5.________
People recognize that continued learning is necessary for most forms of employment today. For example, parts of the adult population in many countries find it necessary to take part in retraining programs at work or even to learn completely new jobs. Adult education programs are springing up constantly to meet these and other needs.
答案:1~5 FDAEB
(十二)
(2011·西工大附中第十一次适应性训练)
A.Don't be afraid of risks.
B.Find ways to solve problems.
C.Learn from successful people.
D.Don't give up easily.
E.Know the meaning of success.
F.Enjoy facing your failure.
1.________
You cannot have success if you don't know what it means to you. Set clear goals and be realistic. Your standards should be specific or else you will spend your entire time chasing after a vague goal. For example, you want to be good at your job. However, this is not a specific goal. Instead, specify this goal as: “My goal is to only be late for work five times per year, at the most.” This is a specific goal that when achieved, give you a sense of satisfaction and completion, making you feel successful and confident.
2.________
Look around—who has the success that you envision(想象)for yourself? What are they doing? How do they approach a successful life? Become their students. Ask them for advice. Spend time around them, if you can. Learn from them. They will bring you much useful experience.
3.________
Successful people think big and act big. It can be scary to do, but if you don't, then how will you ever be successful? Don't wait for opportunities. Dig them out. Successful people make big investments (in their careers, in their business, in their education) and all investments involve some degree of risk. Study your risks, and be brave.
4.________
People who are successful like solving problems and answering questions. No matter where you are or what you are doing, look around and try to think of ways you can find, for example, what are people struggling with or complaining about? How can you make life easier for them in an effective way? Can you redesign or reorganize some aspects of the situation so that things can run more smoothly?
5.________
You should learn to persist. It is also the key factor to success. When asked about his 10,000 failed attempts to develop a storage battery, the prolific(多产的)American inventor Thomas Edison replied: “I have not failed; I've just found 10,000 ways that won't work. So, if your first attempt didn't work, don't quit and don't give up.”
答案:1~5 ECABD
(十三)
(2011·西工大附中第六次适应性训练)
A. Find inspiration around you
B. Spare no efforts to achieve your goal
C. Hold a positive attitude
D. Break the routine
E. Find a reason in everything you do
F. Take care of your health
1.________
You may have goals of losing weight, dreaming of pursuing a passion or interest, plans of achieving success in your career and relationships, but without positive motivation, all these remain goals, plans and dreams if you are not motivated to achieve them and make them into reality. Positive thoughts play a major role in your outlook in life and in giving you the motivation to reach for you dreams. If you are optimistic that you can do the task at hand, or you can reach your goals, you will be motivated to take those steps towards achieving it.
2.________
Whether it is nature's beauty, or great relationships from friends and family, being able to find inspiration has a positive impact in getting yourself motivated to do what you want to achieve and live a better life, so strive to make friends and keep a happy relationship with your family.
3.________
One of the things that can contribute to lack of motivation is doing the same things every day and getting stuck into it without knowing where you are heading. Sometimes you have to explore other opportunities, learn new skills and explore other interests. Do not be afraid to take risks, explore new ways of achieving your goals and get out of your comfort zone at times to discover new things around you and take advantage of new opportunities in life.
4.________
A tired and stressed body most often leads to lack of motivation to do what you want to do. Have a regular exercise. This will not only make you become stronger physically but will also lift up your mood to tackle (处理)life's challenges each day.
5.________
Most often, we feel mostly motivated if there is a need to do it. Finding the reason why you live your life each day will truly make everything easy and help you get motivated. Dedicating(致力于) your efforts to someone you love and treasure is also a good motivation that you can give yourself. No matter what challenges you have to face, for as long as you know that you are doing it for someone you love, you will find yourself motivated to do it.
答案:1~5 CADFE
(十四)
(2011·西工大附中第七次适应性训练)
A.Heat food thoroughly
B.Store food properly
C.Cook food thoroughly
D.Serve food safely
E.Prepare food safely
F.Shop smartly Food Safety in the Home
1. ________
Prevention food poisoning starts with your trip to the supermarket. Pick up your packaged and canned foods first. Buy cans and jars that look perfect. Look for any expiration dates on the labels and never buy outdated food. Likewise, check the “use by” or “sell by” date on dairy products such as cottage cheese, cream cheese, yogurt, and sour cream and pick the ones that will stay fresh longest in your refrigerator.
2.________
After shopping, get home as soon as you can. Then put food into the refrigerator or freezer right away. Make sure to set the refrigerator temperature to 40℉ and the freezer to 0℉. Check temperatures with a thermometer. Place raw meat and seafood in containers in the refrigerator to prevent their juices from dripping on other foods. Eggs always go in the refrigerator.
3.________
Wash hands and surfaces often. Bacteria can be spread throughout the kitchen and get onto cutting boards and counter tops. To prevent this, wash hands with soap and hot water before and after handling food, and after using the bathroom or handling pets. Wash everything else before and after it touches food. Wash cloths before you use them again for anything else. 21世纪教育网
4.________
Cook food thoroughly until it is done. For example, cooked red meat looks brown inside. Use a food thermometer to check the internal temperature of meat, poultry, casseroles and other food. Use a thermometer with a small-diameter stem. Insert the thermometer 1 to 2 inches into the center of the food and wait 30 seconds to ensure an accurate measurement. Check temperature in several places to be sure the food is evenly heated.
5.________
Use clean containers to store and serve food. When a dish is empty or nearly empty, replace with fresh container of food, removing the previous container. Place cold food in containers on some ice. Place the container inside a deep pan filled with ice to keep food cold. Once food is thoroughly heated on stove top, oven or in microwave oven, keep food hot by using a heat source. Place food in chafing dishes, preheated steam tables, warming trays and/or slow cookers.
答案:1~5 FBECD
(十五)
(2011·宝鸡三模)
A.Study the levels of stress by comparison.
B.Higher level of stress causes more trouble.
C.Milder stress does more harm than expected.
D.A certain level of stress is efficient in working conditions.
E.Always pay enough attention to mild stress.
F.Modern social conditions may lead to stress.
1.________
Even relatively mild stress can lead to long term disability and an inability to work, reveals a large population based study published online in the Journal of Epidemiology (流行病学) and Community Health.It is well known that mental health problems are associated with long term disability, but the impact of milder forms of psychological stress is likely to have been underestimated (低估), say the authors.
2.________
Between 2002 and 2007, the authors tracked the health of more than 17,000 working adults up to the age of 64, who had been randomly selected from the population in the Stockholm area. All participants completed a validated (经验证的) questionnaire at the start of the Study to measure their mental health and stress levels, as well as other aspects of health and well-being.
3.________
During the monitoring period, 649 people started receiving disability benefit—203 for a mental health problem and the remainder for physical ill health.Higher levels of stress at the start of the study were associated with a significantly greater likelihood of subsequently being awarded long term disability benefits.But even those with mild stress were up to 70% more likely to receive disability benefits, after taking account of other factors likely to influence the results, such as lifestyle and alcohol intake.One in four of these benefits awarded for a physical illness, such as high blood pressure, angina( 心绞痛) , and stroke(中风) , and almost two thirds awarded for a mental illness, were likely to have been caused by stress.
4.________
The authors say that it is important to consider their findings in the context of modern working life, which places greater demands on employees, and social factors, such as fewer close personal relationships and supportive networks.
5.________
These factors lead them to ask: “Are the strains and demands of modern society commonly exceeding (超出) human ability?” And they conclude that while mild stress should not be over-medicalised, their findings suggest that it should be taken more seriously than it is.
答案:1~5 CABFE
第8章任务型读写
(一)
(2011·安徽卷)
If we agree that the fun_ction of education is to prepare us for life, then there is very little time to waste. So, while we can, we ought to concentrate on teaching children something really useful. Here is what our school should teach.21世纪教育网
Politeness is a mark of civilazation. The sooner children learn this, the better. In any case, a lot can be accomplished by a smile and good manners.
Like it or not, our adult lives will be consumed by the struggle for money, but we don't make an effort to teach children how to manage it. So our schools have a duty to teach them this ability from the beginning.
We're likely to accept something we are told, but that's not what educated people do. Educated people are reasonable and they look at facts. If our schools teach nothing else, they should at least teach critical(批判性的)thinking.
Children should learn to take care of their health. They should know that if they eat junk food(垃圾食品), they will become fat and unhealthy. They should be very clear about what happens to their bodies when they drink or smoke.
All of us are part of society. We have rights and responsibilities. We ought to understand what they are. We have to know a little bit of our history and geography, because we need to have an environment in which to relate to the people around us.
How will we test students on these? We can't. But that's not a reason to avoid teaching what is important. Our schools should spend every moment they have telling this to our children: “This is life, this is what you are going to face, and this is how you deal with it.”
Title
Very Useful (1) ________
Introduction
Education should be a (2)________ for life.
Advice
Important things should be taught in (3) ________.
Teaching
(4)________
●How to behave (5) ________
●The basic skill of (6) ________ money
●How to(7)________ in a critical way
●How to keep(8) ________
●The rights and responsibilities one has in (9) ________
Conclusion
Children should be taught what(10) ________ is and how to deal with it.
答案:
本文主要讲述了教育者应教给孩子们的非常重要的知识,那就是:懂礼貌,学会理财,批判性的思维方式,照顾自己的健康以及作为社会的一分子应承担的责任等。
1.Teaching/Education/Schooling 该题为主旨归纳题,概括性比较强,而全文内容都是强调孩子们的教育问题,因此应围绕education这一主题进行考虑。
2.preparation 由文章第一段第一句话可知,教育的基本功能是为生活做准备,由此可推知空格处的正确答案为动词prepare的名词形式。
3.schools 本题考查学生对文章细节的理解。由第一段最后一句话可知,该类教育应主要在学校里完成。
4.Content(s)/content(s)/Topics/topics/Subjects/subjects
文章从第二段到第六段都是介绍了孩子们在学校里应该学习的内容。
5.politely/properly/well 第二段讲述的是孩子们的言谈举止要有礼貌,因为懂礼貌是社会文明的标志。
6.managing 文章从第三段强调孩子们应从一开始就要学会理财。
7.think 第四段最后一句强调孩子们应学会如何批判性的思考问题。
8.healthy/fit 第五段主要讲述了孩子们要学会照顾自己的健康。
9.society 第六段主要讲述了孩子们要了解自己在社会上应享有的权利和应承担的责任。
10.life 文章最后一句说我们应当告诉孩子们什么是真正的生活,他们将在以后的生活中面临的问题以及解决方法等。
(二)
(2011·江苏卷)
When Should a Leader Apologize and When Not?
Why Difficult?
When we wrong someone we know, even not intentionally, we are generally expected to apologize so as to improve the situation. But when we're acting as leaders, the circumstances are different. The act of apology is carried out not merely at the level of the individual but also at the level of the institution. It is a performance in which every expression matters and every word becomes part of the public record. Refusing to apologize can be smart, or it can be stupid. So, readiness to apologize can be seen as a sign of strong character or as a sign of weakness. A successful apology can turn hate into personal and organizational harmony—while an apology that is too little, too late, or too obviously strategic can bring on individual and institutional ruin. What, then, is to be done? How can leaders decide if and when to apologize publicly?
Why Now?
The question of whether leaders should apologize publicly has never been more urgent. During the last decade or so, the United States in particular has developed an apology culture—apologies of all kinds and for all sorts of wrongdoings are made far more frequently than before. More newspaper writers have written about the growing importance of public apologies. More articles, cartoons, advice columns, and radio and television programs have similarly dealt with the subject of private apologies.
Why Bother?
Why do we apologize? Why do we ever put ourselves in situations likely to be difficult, embarrassing, and even risky? Leaders who apologize publicly could be an easy target. They are expected to appear strong and capable. And whenever they make public statements of any kind, their individual and institutional reputations are in danger. Clearly, then, leaders should not apologize often or lightly. For a leader to express apology, there needs to be a good, strong reason. Leaders will publicly apologize if and when they think the costs of doing so are lower than the costs of not doing so.
Why Refuse?
Why is it that leaders so often refuse to apologize, even when a public apology seems to be in order? Their reasons can be individual or institutional. Because leaders are public figures, their apologies are likely to be personally uncomfortable and even professionally risky. Leaders may also be afraid that the admission of a mistake will damage or destroy the organization for which they are responsible. There can be good reasons for hanging tough in tough situations, as we shall see, but it is a high-risk strategy.
答案:
本文主要讲述领导什么时候应该道歉,什么时候不应该道歉。道歉为什么很困难以及道歉时应该注意什么问题。
1.performance/act/activity 由文章细节The act of apology is carried out not merely at the level of the individual but also at the level of the institution.可知,当众道歉不仅仅是个人行为。act,performance,activity均表示“行为,行动”。
2.easy 由第一段细节readiness to apology can be seen as a sign of strong character or as a sign of weakness.可知。要平衡道歉与不道歉不是很容易的事。
3.properly/appropriately/successfully/rightly 由文章第一段信息...while apology that is too little,too late,or too obviously strategic can bring on individual and institutional ruin.等可知道歉不得体/恰当可能给个人或知识集体带来损害。
4.urgent 由第二段第一句话The question of whether leaders should apologize publicly has never been more urgent.可知此处应填urgent。
5.culture 由第二段第二句话During the last decade or so,the United States in particular has developed an apology culture.可知。
6.growing/increasing/rising 由第二段信息More newspaper writers have written about the growing importance of public apologies.可知。
7.expected/supposed/required 由第三段信息They are expected to appear strong and capable.可知。
8.public 文章主要讲述当众道歉。
9.likely 由文章最后一段信息Because leaders are public figures,their apologies are likely to be personally uncomfortable and even professional risky.可知。
10.harm/damage 由文章最后一段信息Leaders may also be afraid that the admission of a mistake will damage or destroy the organization for which they are responsible.可知。do harm/damage to 对……有害。
(一)
(2011·江南十校二模)
During my childhood many years ago,a hero was pictured in my mind as the strong and the powerful ,such as a superman, but as time goes by and my knowledge grows wider, the definition of a hero changes from superman to Jesus Christ. In my opinion, a hero should have a modest characteristic,treat others with love and have the ability to change the world.
Heroes are also ordinary men but they do extraordinary things for others out of the vast love they have in heroes' heart. When God created the world, God gave everyone a lovely heart for a chance to become a hero. All people need to do is to spare out the love to become heroes, but this world only has not so many heroes.
Who doesn't like to give orders to other people? Who likes to be a servant treated like a dog? Everyone wants to get to a higher position. The employee wants to be a manager. The senator(参议员) wants to be the president. The higher status will have the stronger power. No one will refuse to own the driver seat. So a hero must have the ability to be in the rank(职位). The hero doesn't have to take the power,but to get to a higher rank is one way to get ability of changing the world. If the hero can not change the world,he is only a normal man with a modest characteristic and kind love. Besides, a hero should be ready to help others.
Therefore,being a hero isn't at all an easy job. Not everyone can be a hero. The person must not only make a difference but also try to love others. The both done, the person can become a true hero.
Item
Description
__1__ in my eyes
Frist, a superman, strong and full of __2__, and then, Jesus Christ, modest, loving and able. Also, ordinary men helping others in a(n) __3__ way.
Potential heroes
Everyone was created possible to become a hero and the __4__ given by everyone can make the possibility a reality, but it's a pity that this world lacks enough heroes.
__5__for heroes
◆Heroes should possess an outstanding ability of __6__ the needs of their ranks.
◆Heroes should be strong enough to be __7__ people.
◆Heroes should help others __8__.
__9__
It's __10__ but easy to become a hero.
答案:
英雄就是性格谦逊,有一颗博爱的心和具有改变世界的能力的人。作者的看法和我国古代“内圣外王”的思想如出一辙。
1.Heroes 可数名词复数表泛指。
2.power 由首段首句的a hero was pictured in my mind as the strong and the powerful,such as a superman可知应填power。
3.extraordinary 由第2段首句的Heroes are also ordinary men but they do extraordinary things for others out of the vast love they have可知应填extraordinary。
4.love 由第2段尾句的All people need to do is to spare out the love to become heroes可知应填love。
5.Requirements 由第3段和右框内容可知应该是作为英雄的必要条件(requirements)。
6.satisfying/meeting 由第3段倒数第4句So a hero must have the ability to be in the rank.可知应填satisfying/meeting。
7.world-changing 由第3段倒数第3句The hero doesn't have to take the power,but to get to a higher rank is one way to get ability of changing the world.可知答案
8.readily/willingly 由第3段尾句Besides,a hero should be ready to help others.可知答案。
9.Conclusion 由文章结构和右栏相应内容可知此处是对全文的总结。
10.anything 由尾段前两句Therefore,being a hero isn't at all an easy job.Not everyone can be a hero.可知成为真正的英雄绝非易事。anything but根本不,绝不。
(二)
(2011·江南十校联考)
Having entered a boarding school, Ada and her twin sister Rita determined to strike out independently. Although the sisters had requested rooms in different dorms, they were placed in the same building, Ada on the eighth floor and Rita one floor higher. While Ada lived in harmony with her roommate, Rita was unhappy. She and her roommate had a quarrel over matters like the smallest thing—the time of lights being turned off—and the biggest thing—the arrangement of the furniture. Finally, they communicated primarily through short notes rather than by speaking. Rita kept running down along the stairs to ask Ada for help. Before long,the two wanted to live together again. Rita's roommate finally had to move out.
Rita's ability to solve her problem by rooming with her twin is unusual, but the conflict she faced is not. Despite great efforts by many schools to make good roommate matches, unpleasant outcomes are common.
Most conflicts between roommates develop from small, annoying differences. In extreme cases,the conflicts can lead to serious violence and affect roommates' psychological (心理的) health.
Learning to tolerate a stranger's habits may teach students the art of compromise, but the learning process is often painful.
Many schools have started conflict solution programs to calm tensions that could build up like a volcano preparing to explode, resulting in physical violence. Some schools try to prevent conflicts by using computerized matching. Students are put together on the basis of their answers to housing form questions about preferred hours of study and sleep, and selfdescribed tendencies toward tidiness or disorder. Parents sometimes weaken the process by taking the forms and filling in false data about their children's habits.
If only conflicts between roommates could disappear!
Title
Roommate __1__
Example
Rita,living on the __2__ floor, quarreled with her roommate over matters __3__ from when lights should be turned off to how the furniture should be arranged before they gave up an oral communication. Rita kept running __4__ to seek comfort from her twin sister. They finally __5__ the room again.21世纪教育网
__6__
Though many schools try to make __7__ roommates, conflicts between roommates still exist.
Bad result
●Leading to serious physical violence.
●__8__ roommates' psychological health.
Solutions
●Learning the art of __9__.
●Tolerating a stranger's habits.
●Using computerized matching.
Wish
Conflicts between roommates could be __10__.
答案:
1.Conflicts 本文主旨是谈论关于室友的冲突问题,conflicts这一关键词也在文中反复出现,故Roommate Conflicts作为标题最具有概括性。
2.ninth 由第一段第二句中的Ada on the eighth floor and Rita one floor higher可知Rita住在九楼。此处意在考查考生是否能正确地拼写序数词9。
3.ranging 从文中的like the smallest thing...and the biggest thing...可知是表示范围的短语range from...to...。
4.downstairs 从第一段相应部分的Rita kept running down along the stairs可知Rita是不停地从九楼跑到八楼向Ada求助。故此处应填downstairs。
5.shared 从首段最后两句Before long,the two wanted to live together again.Rita's roommate finally had to move out.可知,Rita和Ada共享(share)一个房间。
6.Problem 从文章结构可以看出,作者从Rita这一个例引出文章主题,即存在的问题。
7.well-matched/suitable 从第二段尾句Despite great efforts by many shools to make good roommate matches...句意可知此处应填well-matched/suitable。
8.Affecting 从第三段尾句...and affect roommates' psychological (心理的)health.可知此处应用affect的动名词形式,作为Bad results的第二种情况。
9.compromise 从第四段中的Learning to tolerate a stranger's habits may teach students the art of compromise可知答案。
10.gone/solved/settled 从文章最后一句的虚拟句式If only...可知作者希望室友之间的冲突可以得到解决(solve/settle)。
(三)
(2011·皖南八校第三次联考)
Customer service refers to the way that companies behave towards their customers. It's the quality of service that determines whether the customer remains with the company. However,many a time organizations don't focus on customer relationship management, and that's what makes customers angry, which is one of the reasons why companies lose their customers. So customer service is vital and you should know how to improve it.
First of all ,you need to realize how important the customers are. It's they who are the boss, and it's because of them that you get your pay checks. So do take your customers seriously. 21世纪教育网
Finding out the needs of the customers is another important customer service tip. You need to ask the customers the right kind of questions and think of the possible solutions which you can provide. Understand how they feel according to a particular situation, their body language, tone of voice and words they speak. Never make assumptions and think that you know what the customer wants.
Making customers feel they are important is an excellent way to serve them better. Treat customers as individuals and the best way to do that is using their first name and finding ways of praising them in a sincere way.
In addition,there are some other skills which will help you in serving your customers better. For example, once you finish solving the problem for the customer, before, ending the call, always remember to ask if there is anything else you can do for them. End the call with a “thank you”. If customers are angry,let them express their anger completely. Never interrupt or start speaking until they've finished. Once they've finished speaking, try to calm them down by apologizing.
In a word,always remember that if the customers remain happy,you'll be in business.
Title
How to __1__ customer service
The meaning
of customer
service
The way companies behave towards their customers.
The __2__ of customer service
The quality of service determines whether companies can __3__ their customers. For example, bad service can result in __4__ customers.
Tips
Take your customers seriously because they are your boss and the source of your income. Recognize the needs of the customers.
◇Ask the customers the right kind of questions and offer __5__ to their problems.
◇Understand customers' __6__ from a particular situation, their body language,tone of voice and words.
◇Never __7__ that you know the customer's needs.
◇Make customers feel they are important and treat them as individuals by using their first name and praising them __8__.
Other small skills:
◇Always ask if you can do anything else for the customer before ending the call and end the call with a “thank you”.
◇Don't __9__ the customer when he is speaking angrily.
Calm the customer down by making an __10__ after he finishes speaking.
答案:
本文讲述的是客服的含义和重要性,需要注意的四个方面的技巧及一项总原则。
1.improve 由首段尾句So customer service is vital and you should know how to improve it.可知文章主旨/标题。
2.importance 由首段第2句It's the quality of service that determines whether the customer remains with the company.可知本段段落主旨。
3.keep 由首段第2句It's the quality of service that determines whether the customer remains with the company.可知答案。
4.losing 由首段第3句...and that's what makes customers angry, which is one of the reasons why companies lose their customers.可知答案。
5.solutions 由第3段第2句You need to ask the customers the right kind of questions and think of the possible solutions which you can provide.可知答案。
6.feelings 由第3段第3句Understand how they feel according to a particular situation, their boby language, tone of voice and words they speak.可知答案。
7.assume 由第3段尾句Never make assumptions and think that you know what the customer wants.可知答案。
8.sincerely 由第4段第2句Treat customers as individuals and the best way to do that is using their first name and finding ways of praising them in a sincere way.可知答案。
9.interrupt 由第5段倒数第2句Never interrupt or start speaking until they've finished.可知答案。
10.apology 由第5段尾句Once they've finished speaking, try to calm them down by apologizing.可知答案。
(四)
(2011·合肥第二次质检)
Few Americans stay in one a place for a lifetime. We move from the city to the suburbs (郊区) ,from high school to college in a different state,from a job in one area to a better job elsewhere, from the home where we raise our children to the home where we plan to live in retirement. With each move we are forever making new friends, who become part of our new life.
For many of us the summer is a special time for forming new friendships. Today, millions of Americans go on vacation abroad, and we go not only to see new sights but also—in those places where we don't feel too strange—with the hope of meeting new people. No one really expects a vacation trip to produce a close friend, but the beginning of a friendship is possible. Surely in every country people value friendship.
The word “friend” to American people can be applied to a wide range of relationship—to someone one has known for a few weeks in a new place, to a close business companion,to a childhood playmate, to a man or a woman, or to a trusted colleague. There are real differences among these relations for Americans—a friendship may be shallow, casual, situational or deep and lasting. But to a European, who sees only our surface behavior, the differences are not clear.
As Europeans see it, all kinds of “friends” flow in and out of Americans' homes with little ceremony. They may be parents of the children's friends, house guests of neighbors, members of a committee, business associates from another town or even another country. Coming as a guest into an American home,the European visitor finds no obvious landmarks. The atmosphere is relaxed. Most people, old and young, are called by first names. Americans' characteristic openness to different styles of relationship makes it possible for us to find new friends abroad with whom we feel at home.
Title
American Friendship
Chances for Americans to make friends
☆Most Americans __1__ from place to place. ☆Many Americans go abroad on vacation for __2__ or meeting new people.
☆One __3__ for a vacation is to begin a friendship.
Ways for Americans to __4__ the word “friend”
☆American people use “friend” __5__ for different relationships. ☆Americans know the __6__ among relations clearly while Europeans cannot.
Europeans' understanding about American __7__
☆Friends flow in and out of Americans' homes __8__.
☆Being a guest in an American home, the European visitor feels __9__.
☆Due to their __10__ characteristics, Americans find new friends all over the world.
答案:
美国人喜欢搬迁也喜欢到国外旅行,原因之一就是能结交新朋友。由于美国人开放的交友观,他们的朋友遍天下。
1.move 由首段内容可知“move”是美国人的一大特征。
2.sightseeing 由第二段中的we go not only to see new sights...可知答案。
3.possibility 由第二段倒数第二句...but the beginning of a friendship is possible. 可知答案。
4.understand/apply 由第三段首句中的The word“friend” to American people can be applied to...可知答案。
5.widely 由第三段首句中的The word“friend” to American people can be applied to a wide range of relationship...可知答案。
6.difference(s) 由第三段尾句But to a European, who sees only our surface behavior, the differences are not clear.可知答案。
7.friendship 由第四段首句可知答案。
8.casually由第四段首句中的with little ceremony可知答案。
9.comfortable/relaxed 由尾段中...the European visitor finds no obvious landmarks. The atmosphere is relaxed.可知答案。
10.open 由尾段尾句Americans' characteristic openness...可知答案。
(五)
(2011·合肥市第三次质检)
By the mid-nineteenth century, the term“icebox” had entered the American language, but ice was still only beginning to affect the diet of ordinary citizens in the United States. The ice trade grew with the growth of cities. Ice was used in places like hotels and hospitals, and by some forward-looking city businessmen in fresh meat, fresh fish, and butter. After the Civil War (1861~1865 ) ,it also came into household use. Even before 1880, half of the ice sold in New York, Philadelphia, and Baltimore, and one-third of that sold in Boston and Chicago,went to families for their own use. This had become possible because a new household convenience, the icebox ,early form of the modern refrigerator,had been invented.
Making an efficient icebox was not as easy as we might now suppose. In the early nineteenth century, people only had some simple and basic knowledge of the physics of heat. The common idea that the best icebox was one that prevented the ice from melting was of course mistaken ,for it was the melting of the ice that performed the cooling. Early efforts to save ice included wrapping up the ice in blankets, which kept the ice from doing its job. Not until near the end of the nineteenth century did inventors achieve the delicate balance needed for an efficient icebox.
But as early as 1803,a Maryland farmer,Thomas Moore, had been in the correct direction. He owned a farm and used an icebox of his own design for the transportation of his butter to a market in the village of Georgetown. And there he found that customers would pass up the rapidly melting goods of his competitors to pay a higher price for his butter, still fresh and hard in neat, one-pound bricks. One advantage of his icebox, Moore explained, was that farmers would no longer have to travel to market at night in order to keep their produce cool.As a result,Moore managed to earn a large sum of money.
The Origin of Refrigerators21世纪教育网
History of the icebox
*By the mid-19th century the 1.________ that ice had on American citizens' life was limited mainly to the diet.
*When cities grew, the ice 2.________ increased.
*Forward-looking businessmen used ice to keep meat, fish and butter 3.________.
*After the Civil War, due to the 4.________ of the modern refrigerator, household use of ice became possible.
Incorrect 5.________ about the icebox
*The icebox 6.________ best when the ice was prevented from melting.
*Ice should be 7.________ up in blankets to help do its jobs.
Thomas Moore's story
*As early as 1803, Thomas Moore knew how to use an icebox 8.________.
*An icebox was designed by Thomas Moore to
9.________ his butter to the market.
*Thomas Moore was very 10.________ in his business.
答案:
1.effect/influence/impact 由首段首句可知,到19世纪中期,冰刚开始影响美国普通市民的饮食。
2.trade/business/deal 由首段第2句可知,随着城市的增长,冰的交易逐渐增长。
3.fresh 由首段第3句可知,冰被一些有远见的城市商人用于对肉、鱼和奶油的保鲜上。
4.invention/appearance 由首段尾句可知,这已经变得可能,因为一种新的家庭方便用具,冰箱,已经被发明。
5.ideas/views/opinions 由第2段第3句可知,一种常见的观念是“最好的冰箱就是能阻止冰融化的冰箱”,这当然是错误的。
6.worked/functioned 由5题可知答案。
7.wrapped/packed/parceled 由第2段第4句可知,早期节省用冰的措施包括用毯子把冰包裹起来。
8.correctly/properly/efficiently 由尾段首句可知,早在1803年,一位农场主已经用正确的方法使用冰箱了。21世纪教育网
9.transport/deliver 由尾段第2句可知,他自己设计了一种冰箱用于运送他的奶油到市场上。
10.successful 由尾段尾句可知,他赚了很多钱。be successful in sth.在……方面是成功的。
(六)
(2011·苏锡常镇一调)
Canada's wealth comes from the exploitation of its rich natural resources and from the work of its citizens. Canadians are employed in a variety of jobs. All of these jobs can be grouped into one of three categories:extractive industries, manufacturing industries and service industries.
Industries that take raw materials from the natural environment are called extractive or primary industries. Canada has a wealth of natural resources. The extractive industries that have been developed to exploit these natural resources make an important contribution to the wealth of our economy. Without these extractive industries, and the money they bring from other countries,Canada's economy could not exist in its present form. Yet only a small percentage of Canada's labour force works in extractive industries. Extractive industries rely on labour-saving machines instead of human labour.
Manufacturing industries process the products of extractive industries into finished products. Manufacturing industries transform raw materials into many different forms to be used by consumers or by other companies. This processing may be done in one or more stages. For example, iron ore is transformed into steel in factories. This is called primary manufacturing. The steel is then sent to companies for further processing into cars, mining equipment, machines, nails, and other products, such as bicycle frames. This is called secondary manufacturing.
Manufacturing industries are located in many towns and cities across Canada. Companies try to build their factories in densely populated areas because they want to be near the people who buy their products. If they locate near their customers, they will save money on shipping costs. Manufacturing industries provide more jobs to Canadians than extractive industries. Yet the number of people employed in manufacturing is still small in comparison to the third category, services. As with extractive industries, manufacturing process use many machines that require relatively few workers.
Service industries provide services needed by the extractive and manufacturing industries, and by society in general. Without these services, society could not operate. The majority of Canadian workers do not produce “goods” in their jobs. Instead, they provide “services” for others. The range of services is very great and includes such things as retailing, office work, education, health care, communications, government, transportation, and personal services.
Service industries in one form or another are spread over the entire country. In every community there are stores, banks, schools, police forces, and dozens of other services. The majority of service industries are found in towns and cities because services are provided for people and there are many more people in urban areas.
Canada's economy depends upon the creation of jobs in all three types of industry.
Introduction
●All 1.________ can be divided into three categories:extractive industries, manufacturing industries and service industries.
Extractive
industries
●Extractive industries are also called primary industries, which are 2.________ with the exploitation of raw materials from the natural environment.
3.________
industries
●Manufacturing industries 4.________ raw materials into products, which can be used by people or companies.
●Manufacturing industries can be grouped into primary manufacturing and 5.________ manufacturing.
●Primary manufacturing 6.________ steel from iron ore for further processing.
●Secondary manufacturing will then use the steel to make products like cars, bikes, etc. for people to use.
Servi